Determining the Composition of Various Martian Central Mounds
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Watershed Modeling in the Tyrrhena Terra Region of Mars Scott C
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH, VOL. 115, E09001, doi:10.1029/2009JE003429, 2010 Watershed modeling in the Tyrrhena Terra region of Mars Scott C. Mest,1,2 David A. Crown,1 and William Harbert3 Received 9 May 2009; revised 13 December 2009; accepted 29 January 2010; published 1 September 2010. [1] Watershed analyses from high‐resolution image (Viking, Mars Orbiter Camera, and Thermal Emission Imaging System) and topographic (Mars Orbiter Laser Altimeter [MOLA]) data are used to qualitatively and quantitatively characterize highland fluvial systems and analyze the role of water in the evolution of Tyrrhena Terra (13°S–30°S, 265°W–280°W), Mars. In this study, Geographical Information System software is used in conjunction with MOLA Digital Elevation Models to delineate drainage basin divides, extract valley networks, and derive basin and network morphometric parameters (e.g., drainage density, stream order, bifurcation ratio, and relief morphometry) useful in characterizing the geologic and climatic conditions of watershed formation, as well as for evaluating basin “maturity” and processes of watershed development. Model‐predicted valley networks and watershed boundaries, which are dependent on the degree to which pixel sinks are filled in the topographic data set and a channelization threshold, are evaluated against image and topographic data, slope maps, and detailed maps of valley segments from photogeologic analyses. Valley morphologies, crater/valley relationships, and impact crater distributions show that valleys in Tyrrhena Terra are ancient. Based on geologic properties of the incised materials, valley and network morphologies, morphometric parameters, and the presence of many gullies heading at or near‐crater rim crests, surface runoff, derived from rainfall or snowmelt, was the dominant erosional process; sapping may have only played a secondary role in valley formation in Tyrrhena Terra. -
Martian Crater Morphology
ANALYSIS OF THE DEPTH-DIAMETER RELATIONSHIP OF MARTIAN CRATERS A Capstone Experience Thesis Presented by Jared Howenstine Completion Date: May 2006 Approved By: Professor M. Darby Dyar, Astronomy Professor Christopher Condit, Geology Professor Judith Young, Astronomy Abstract Title: Analysis of the Depth-Diameter Relationship of Martian Craters Author: Jared Howenstine, Astronomy Approved By: Judith Young, Astronomy Approved By: M. Darby Dyar, Astronomy Approved By: Christopher Condit, Geology CE Type: Departmental Honors Project Using a gridded version of maritan topography with the computer program Gridview, this project studied the depth-diameter relationship of martian impact craters. The work encompasses 361 profiles of impacts with diameters larger than 15 kilometers and is a continuation of work that was started at the Lunar and Planetary Institute in Houston, Texas under the guidance of Dr. Walter S. Keifer. Using the most ‘pristine,’ or deepest craters in the data a depth-diameter relationship was determined: d = 0.610D 0.327 , where d is the depth of the crater and D is the diameter of the crater, both in kilometers. This relationship can then be used to estimate the theoretical depth of any impact radius, and therefore can be used to estimate the pristine shape of the crater. With a depth-diameter ratio for a particular crater, the measured depth can then be compared to this theoretical value and an estimate of the amount of material within the crater, or fill, can then be calculated. The data includes 140 named impact craters, 3 basins, and 218 other impacts. The named data encompasses all named impact structures of greater than 100 kilometers in diameter. -
Newsletter February Issue
Monthly Digital Newsletter VOL. 1 • ISSUE 1 • FEB 2021 From the News Mars Rover Mission 2020: Things you This issue: need to know BY PRIYANKA KASTURIA From the news 2:31 a.m. Feb 19, 2021, a tweet by NASA’s Perseverance Mars Rover, Mars Rover Mission 2020: “Hello, world. My first look at my forever home.” NASA and the Things you need to know world celebrated the success of the landing of Mars Rover PAGE 01 “Perseverance” on the Mars’ landing site called Jezero Crater, one of the eight potential locations to explore Martian life. Blog of the Month One of the missions is to “search for ancient life by collecting Space Robotics: Leading rock samples and sending them back to the Earth.” The rover is the way to the cosmos itself a mini-scientific laboratory on Mars to collect thirty-eight rock samples, and testing experiments for various purposes. PAGE 02 The News Bulletin PAGE 07 SSERD Celebrates National Science Day PAGE 08 Internship and Projects Image Credits: NASA Division (IPD) - Batch 8 READ MORE AT: Mars Rover Mission 2020: Things you need to know PAGE 10 EDGE OF SPACE © 2021 All Rights Reserved, EdgeofSpace.in, Part of SSERD PAGE 01 Blog of the Month Space Robotics: Leading the way to the "The future, despite Cosmos being seemingly BY K SHREYAS SUVARNA ‘unpredictable’, is The space tech industry has been largely dependent on definitely ‘exciting’ automation right from the very beginning and now with advanced technological know-how, this dependence is bound to increase and most possibly, exponentially, and it’s robotics that steps in to assist humans in realize the dream of exploring the unknown. -
The State of Anthro–Earth
The Rosette Gazette Volume 22,, IssueIssue 7 Newsletter of the Rose City Astronomers July, 2010 RCA JULY 19 GENERAL MEETING The State Of Anthro–Earth THE STATE OF ANTHRO-EARTH: A Visitor From Far, Far Away Reviews the Status of Our Planet In This Issue: A Talk (in Earth-English) By Richard Brenne 1….General Meeting Enrico Fermi famously wondered why we hadn't heard from any other planetary 2….Club Officers civilizations, and Richard Brenne, who we'd always suspected was probably from another planet, thinks he might know the answer. Carl Sagan thought it was likely …...Magazines because those on other planets blew themselves up with nuclear weapons, but Richard …...RCA Library thinks its more likely that burning fossil fuels changed the climates and collapsed the 3….Local Happenings civilizations of those we might otherwise have heard from. Only someone from another planet could discuss this most serious topic with Richard's trademark humor 4…. Telescope (in a previous life he was an award-winning screenwriter - on which planet we're not Transformation sure) and bemused detachment. 5….Special Interest Groups Richard Brenne teaches a NASA-sponsored Global Climate Change class, serves on 6….Star Party Scene the American Meteorological Society's Committee to Communicate Climate Change, has written and produced documentaries about climate change since 1992, and has 7.…Observers Corner produced and moderated 50 hours of panel discussions about climate change with 18...RCA Board Minutes many of the world's top climate change scientists. Richard writes for the blog "Climate Progress" and his forthcoming book is titled "Anthro-Earth", his new name 20...Calendars for his adopted planet. -
An Interview with Isaac Asimov on Science and the Bible
Isaac Asimov is the author of more than two hundred books. A noted skeptic, he was the first subscriber to FREE INQUIRY. Asimov was interviewed by Paul Kurtz in his penthouse apartment overlooking Manhattan.—EDS. An Interview with Isaac Asimov On Science and the Bible Kurtz: In your view is the Bible widely known and intelligently have taken the Bible seriously and have submitted it to critical read today? analysis. Would you agree that, although free inquiry concern- Asimov: It is undoubtedly widely known. It is probably ing the Bible goes on in scholarly journals, and perhaps in owned by more people than any other book. As to how widely university classes and in some books, the public hears mostly it is read one cannot be certain. I suppose it is read very widely pro-religious propaganda—such as from the pulpits of the in the sense that people just look at the words and read it electronic church, from religious publications, and from the mechanically. How many people actually think about the daily press—and very rarely any kind of questioning or probing words they read, I'm not at all certain. They can go to a house of of biblical claims? worship and hear verses read without thinking about what the Asimov: I imagine that the large majority of the popula- words mean. Undoubtedly millions of people do. tion, in the United States at least, either accepts every word of Kurtz: There used to be something called the Higher the Bible as it is written or gives it very little thought and would Biblical Criticism. -
Insights Into the Formation of Gullies in Asimov Crater, Mars
49th Lunar and Planetary Science Conference 2018 (LPI Contrib. No. 2083) 2889.pdf INSIGHTS INTO THE FORMATION OF GULLIES IN ASIMOV CRATER, MARS. Tyler Paladino1,2, Virginia Gulick3, and Natalie Glines3 1NASA OSSI Internship program/NASA ARC, 2University of California Santa Cruz, 1156 High St, Santa Cruz, CA 95060. [email protected], 3NASA Ames Research Center/SETI Institute, MS 239-20, Moffett Field, CA 94035. [email protected]. Introduction: The origin and ongoing formation of Martian gullies has been intensely debated among planetary scientists, as they have implications for both the current and past Martian climate. These gullies are geologically young, likely formed during the Amazonian [1,3] and are located in mid to high latitudes (30° to 70°) in both hemispheres [2]. This latitudinal dependence implies that a change in climate and a redistribution of ice (caused by a change in obliquity) was important in the formation of these gullies [3]. In this study, we analyzed the morphology of five gully systems in Asimov located on the eastern central pit and on the SW crater slope (outer trough). We used two unreleased HiRISE DTMs: DTEEC _013835_1330_013189_1330 and DTEEC_012912_ Figure 2: Right- orthographic image of Asimov D with color coded transects. Left-Transects in profile with shaded regions 1320_012767_1320. Both DTM’s cover an area in representing areas calculated using Python. Asimov crater, an infilled Noachian aged crater in the Noachis Terra region in Mars’ southern hemisphere. Volume Approximation: ENVI Method. We used Gully Measurements: two separate methods to estimate gully volumes, the Drainage Network Delineation. We delineated first of which utilized ENVI software and Python drainage maps of five gullies with ArcMap using high- scripts. -
Geology of Crater Millochau, Terra Tyrrhena Region of Mars
Lunar and Planetary Science XXXIV (2003) 1942.pdf GEOLOGY OF CRATER MILLOCHAU, TERRA TYRRHENA REGION OF MARS. S.C. Mest1 and D.A. Crown1,2, 1Department of Geology and Planetary Science, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, [email protected]; 2Planetary Science Institute, 620 N. 6th Ave, Tucson, AZ 85705. Introduction: The martian highlands preserve a long and Millochau has no ejecta blanket, which has either been complex history of degradation by fluvial, eolian, and mass eroded and (or) mantled by the local plains unit and eolian wasting processes [1-8]. The effects of these processes are sediments that cover this part of the highlands. The rim of best observed on impact craters that characterize the ancient Millochau is quite discernible, however portions of it are highlands. Previous studies of highland terrains - Margari- more degraded than others. The northeastern and southwest- tifer Sinus [9,10], Ismenius Lacus [11,12], Arabia Terra [13], ern parts of the rim appear the most rugged, standing ~400- and Promethei Terra [14,15] - have shown that craters dis- 800 m above the surrounding terrain (~1500-2200 m above play pristine to highly degraded morphologies. Some craters the crater floor). The remainder of the rim appears degraded exhibit distinctive interior deposits, suggesting infilling by by impact cratering and other processes. The eastern rim of sedimentary and (or) volcanic deposits. Several studies [e.g., Millochau is shared with another large (~50 km diam.) crater 16-20] have suggested that large impact craters on Mars may and forms a gap ~600 m above Millochau's floor. A second have contained standing bodies of water that could have been gap occurs along the southern rim of Millochau and is less ideal environments for life to persist. -
Geophysical and Remote Sensing Study of Terrestrial Planets
GEOPHYSICAL AND REMOTE SENSING STUDY OF TERRESTRIAL PLANETS A Dissertation Presented to The Academic Faculty By Lujendra Ojha In Partial Fulfillment Of the Requirements for the Degree Doctor of Philosophy in Earth and Atmospheric Sciences Georgia Institute of Technology August, 2016 COPYRIGHT © 2016 BY LUJENDRA OJHA GEOPHYSICAL AND REMOTE SENSING STUDY OF TERRESTRIAL PLANETS Approved by: Dr. James Wray, Advisor Dr. Ken Ferrier School of Earth and Atmospheric School of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences Sciences Georgia Institute of Technology Georgia Institute of Technology Dr. Joseph Dufek Dr. Suzanne Smrekar School of Earth and Atmospheric Jet Propulsion laboratory Sciences California Institute of Technology Georgia Institute of Technology Dr. Britney Schmidt School of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences Georgia Institute of Technology Date Approved: June 27th, 2016. To Rama, Tank, Jaika, Manjesh, Reeyan, and Kali. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Thanks Mom, Dad and Jaika for putting up with me and always being there. Thank you Kali for being such an awesome girl and being there when I needed you. Kali, you are the most beautiful girl in the world. Never forget that! Thanks Midtown Tavern for the hangovers. Thanks Waffle House for curing my hangovers. Thanks Sarah Sutton for guiding me into planetary science. Thanks Alfred McEwen for the continued support and mentoring since 2008. Thanks Sue Smrekar for taking me under your wings and teaching me about planetary geodynamics. Thanks Dan Nunes for guiding me in the gravity world. Thanks Ken Ferrier for helping me study my favorite planet. Thanks Scott Murchie for helping me become a better scientist. Thanks Marion Masse for being such a good friend and a mentor. -
Life on Mars? : Hands-On Science Activities
Explore: Life on Mars? Hands-on Science Activities 1 Implementation Guide Contents About the Explore Program ......................................................................................... 3 Credits and Acknowledgments .................................................................................... 3 Contact Information ......................................................................................................... 5 Life On Mars? Key Features ............................................................................................ 6 Annotated Facilitation Outline ......................................................................................... 9 Be a Science Guide!...................................................................................................... 11 Engaging Girls and other Underserved Audiences in STEM ......................................... 12 Facilitator Background Science Information .................................................................. 13 Shopping List ................................................................................................................ 35 Extended Supporting Media Suggestions ..................................................................... 44 Correlations to National Standards................................................................................ 73 Appendix A: Throw A Star Party! ................................................................................... 78 2 About Explore The Life on Mars? module is a product of -
Appendix I Lunar and Martian Nomenclature
APPENDIX I LUNAR AND MARTIAN NOMENCLATURE LUNAR AND MARTIAN NOMENCLATURE A large number of names of craters and other features on the Moon and Mars, were accepted by the IAU General Assemblies X (Moscow, 1958), XI (Berkeley, 1961), XII (Hamburg, 1964), XIV (Brighton, 1970), and XV (Sydney, 1973). The names were suggested by the appropriate IAU Commissions (16 and 17). In particular the Lunar names accepted at the XIVth and XVth General Assemblies were recommended by the 'Working Group on Lunar Nomenclature' under the Chairmanship of Dr D. H. Menzel. The Martian names were suggested by the 'Working Group on Martian Nomenclature' under the Chairmanship of Dr G. de Vaucouleurs. At the XVth General Assembly a new 'Working Group on Planetary System Nomenclature' was formed (Chairman: Dr P. M. Millman) comprising various Task Groups, one for each particular subject. For further references see: [AU Trans. X, 259-263, 1960; XIB, 236-238, 1962; Xlffi, 203-204, 1966; xnffi, 99-105, 1968; XIVB, 63, 129, 139, 1971; Space Sci. Rev. 12, 136-186, 1971. Because at the recent General Assemblies some small changes, or corrections, were made, the complete list of Lunar and Martian Topographic Features is published here. Table 1 Lunar Craters Abbe 58S,174E Balboa 19N,83W Abbot 6N,55E Baldet 54S, 151W Abel 34S,85E Balmer 20S,70E Abul Wafa 2N,ll7E Banachiewicz 5N,80E Adams 32S,69E Banting 26N,16E Aitken 17S,173E Barbier 248, 158E AI-Biruni 18N,93E Barnard 30S,86E Alden 24S, lllE Barringer 29S,151W Aldrin I.4N,22.1E Bartels 24N,90W Alekhin 68S,131W Becquerei -
Stratigraphy, Mineralogy, and Origin of Layered Deposits Inside Terby Crater, Mars
Icarus 211 (2011) 273–304 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Icarus journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/icarus Stratigraphy, mineralogy, and origin of layered deposits inside Terby crater, Mars a, b a a b b c a V. Ansan ⇑, D. Loizeau , N. Mangold , S. Le Mouélic , J. Carter , F. Poulet , G. Dromart , A. Lucas , J.-P. Bibring b, A. Gendrin b, B. Gondet b, Y. Langevin b, Ph. Masson d, S. Murchie e, J.F. Mustard f, G. Neukum g a Laboratoire de Planétologie et Géodynamique de Nantes, Université de Nantes/CNRS UMR6112, 2 rue de la Houssinière, BP 92208, 44322 Nantes, France b Institut Astrophysique Spatiale, Université Paris-Sud/CNRS, UMR 8617, 91405 Orsay cedex, France c Laboratoire de Sciences de la Terre, ENS Lyon/CNRS/Université Lyon 1, UMR 5570, 69622 Villeurbanne, France d Lab. IDES, CNRS UMR 8148, Université Paris-Sud/CNRS, 91420 Orsay cedex, France e Johns Hopkins Univ., Appl. Phys. Lab., Johns Hopkins Rd., Laurel, MD 20723, USA f Brown Univ., Dept. Geol. Sci., Providence, RI 02912, USA g Freie Universitaet Berlin, Fachbereich Geowissenschaften, Malteserstr. 74-A, 12249 Berlin, Germany article info abstract Article history: The 174 km diameter Terby impact crater (28.0°S–74.1°E) located on the northern rim of the Hellas basin Received 4 January 2010 displays anomalous inner morphology, including a flat floor and light-toned layered deposits. An analysis Revised 6 September 2010 of these deposits was performed using multiple datasets from Mars Global Surveyor, Mars Odyssey, Mars Accepted 10 September 2010 Express and Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter missions, with visible images for interpretation, near-infrared Available online 19 September 2010 data for mineralogical mapping, and topography for geometry. -
Gale Crater: a field Site Where MSL Can Test Specific Hypotheses About Martian Climate & Habitability
Gale Crater: A field site where MSL can test specific hypotheses about Martian climate & habitability Jim Bell1, Ken Edgett2, Ryan Anderson3, Dawn Sumner4 ... ...and with thanks to many other colleagues on the MSL Science Team 1Arizona State Univ./School of Earth & Space Exploration; 2MSSS; 3Cornell; 4UC Davis "Gale at Low Sun," courtesy of Doug Ellison 5th MSL Landing Site Workshop; Monrovia, CA; 17 May 2011 26 Outline • Gale Crater in context • Science questions for MSL at Gale - Hypothesis testing - Geology, mineralogy, sedimentology, habitability - and... What if we're wrong about Gale? - MSL-specific measurements/traceability • Considerations regarding the public's interest • 3 Main Points 25 3 Main Points 1. Gale provides an opportunity to study a preserved time-ordered sedimentary sequence that spans the Noachian to the Hesperian 2. Measurements of carefully-selected samples of these sediments by the MSL payload can potentially reveal ancient Martian environmental conditions and the relative sequence of major changes in climate through time 3. A traverse to and into the Gale crater mound would be a visually-stunning exploration saga with a story line that has great potential to excite the public 24 Gale Crater in Context • You have just heard this story from Ken Edgett • But it is worth some (brief, visual) reiteration... 250 km 23 Gale Crater in Context • How does Gale "fit" with our knowledge of Mars? • What can we learn about Mars from Gale? 22 Gale Crater in Context • How does Gale "fit" with our knowledge of Mars? • What can we