Kennel Cough

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Kennel Cough FAQ What Causes Kennel Symptoms Of Kennel Cough? Cough A variety of bacteria and viruses are Kennel Cough can be described as responsible for this infectious bronchitis a very harsh hacking sound. It may including Bordetella bronchiseptica sound like something is stuck in (bacteria), Parainfluenza virus, their throat and they’re trying to get Adenovirus type 2, Canine distemper it out. virus, Canine influenza virus, Canine herpesvirus, Treatment For Kennel Mycoplasma canis, Canine reovirus, Cough and Canine respiratory coronavirus. Kennel Cough treatment may very. In many cases, it may be very mild and resolve itself with time. Dogs Kennel Cough In Hawaii typically have a normal appetite and activity level. Kennel Cough is prevalent in the state of Hawaii. It can occur even in a vaccinated How Does Kennel Cough dog, though the duration and severity is Occur? typically shorter. A dog infected with Kennel Cough How Is Kennel Cough sheds infectious agents in Spread? respiratory secretions.These secretions become aerosolized and While there is no single vaccine that float in the air. A healthy dog can can prevent Kennel Cough, a variety of breathe these in and become vaccines can help prevent it. Bordatella infected. Infected dogs can be bronchiseptica, canine adenovirus type contagious for 2-3 weeks, even 2, canine parainfluenza virus, canine after their symptoms have resolved. distemper, and canine influenza This is a big part in how it spreads, vaccines can help prevent infectious so if your dog is sick, please keep it cough. away from other dogs. If we can be of any assistance, remember to give us a call, or stop by. We are open every day from 7am-9pm! (808) 834-PETS (7387).

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VACCINATION GUIDELINES WHY VACCINATE? Vaccines Help Prepare the Body's Immune System to Fight the Invasion of Disease-Causing Organisms
VACCINATION GUIDELINES WHY VACCINATE? Vaccines help prepare the body's immune system to fight the invasion of disease-causing organisms. Vaccines contain antigens, which look like the disease-causing organism to the immune system but don't actually cause disease. When the vaccine is introduced to the body, the immune system is mildly stimulated. If a pet is ever exposed to the real disease, his immune system is now prepared to recognize and fight it off entirely or reduce the severity of the illness. CORE VACCINES Core vaccines are considered vital to all pets based on risk of exposure, severity of disease or transmissibility to humans. ● Dogs: DAPP (canine parvovirus, distemper, canine hepatitis) and rabies ● Cats: FVRCP (panleukopenia (feline distemper), feline calicivirus, feline herpesvirus type I (rhinotracheitis)) and rabies : ELECTIVE VACCINES OFFERED ● Dogs: Bordetella (Kennel Cough): - this vaccine should be given if your dog is frequently exposed to other dogs in environments such as grooming facilities, dog parks, boarding kennels, etc. It is given intranasally (via drops in the nose) and is repeated every 6 months to 1 year depending on exposure level. VACCINATION FREQUENCY: ● Puppies & Kittens: o Puppies should receive a series of vaccinations starting at 6-8 weeks of age. A veterinarian should administer a minimum of three vaccinations at three- to four-week intervals. The final dose should be administered at 14-16 weeks of age. o SAHS administers rabies at the first eruption of permanent teeth, ensuring the pet is over 12 weeks old. ● Adults: o DAPP and FVRCP vaccinations should be administered annually. o Rabies: The 2nd rabies vaccination is recommended 1 year following administration of the initial dose, regardless of the animal's age at the time the first dose was administered.
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Commonly Asked Questions About Kennel Cough by Dr
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Canine Influenza
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Anesthesia and Your
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Canine Kennel Cough Fact Sheet
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A Guide to Preventative Care
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Since January 2020 Elsevier Has Created a COVID-19 Resource Centre with Free Information in English and Mandarin on the Novel Coronavirus COVID- 19
Since January 2020 Elsevier has created a COVID-19 resource centre with free information in English and Mandarin on the novel coronavirus COVID- 19. The COVID-19 resource centre is hosted on Elsevier Connect, the company's public news and information website. Elsevier hereby grants permission to make all its COVID-19-related research that is available on the COVID-19 resource centre - including this research content - immediately available in PubMed Central and other publicly funded repositories, such as the WHO COVID database with rights for unrestricted research re-use and analyses in any form or by any means with acknowledgement of the original source. These permissions are granted for free by Elsevier for as long as the COVID-19 resource centre remains active. Canine Infectious Respiratory Disease Krystle L. Reagan, DVM, PhD*, Jane E. Sykes, BVSc (Hons), PhD KEYWORDS CIRD Kennel cough Bordetella Parainfluenza virus Pneumonia KEY POINTS Multiple bacterial and viral pathogens can result in clinical signs of canine infectious res- piratory disease complex (CIRDC), with coinfection by multiple pathogens commonly identified. A clinical diagnosis of CIRDC can typically be made with a history and physical examina- tion; however, an etiologic diagnosis should be pursued in dogs with severe or prolonged clinical signs or in disease outbreak situations. Clinical signs of CIRDC are typically mild and self-limiting, resolving after approximately 1 week. Antimicrobial treatment is warranted in dogs suspected to have bacterial pneumonia and optimally should be directed based on bacterial culture and susceptibility results. The development of pneumonia should raise concern for underlying canine distemper virus infection or other underlying immunosuppressive disease.
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Dogs Infected with Bordetella Bronchiseptica & Canine Influenza
PEER REVIEWED DIAGNOSTIC & THERAPEUTIC APPROACH Dogs Infected with Bordetella bronchiseptica & Canine Influenza Virus (H3N8) Laura A. Nafe, DVM, MS, Diplomate ACVIM (Small Animal Internal Medicine) University of Wisconsin–Madison ordetella bronchiseptica and canine influenza Virulence Factors. After B bronchiseptica colonizes virus (CIV) are common causes of infectious tra- the airways, it can evade the immune system by express- Bcheobronchitis and, occasionally, pneumonia. ing various virulence factors that lead to:1,3 Combined, these and other pathogens cause the canine • Direct cellular injury of respiratory epithelium infectious respiratory disease complex (CIRDC), often • Impaired immune recognition referred to as kennel cough or infectious tracheobron- • Disrupted immune clearance. chitis. The multitude of bacterial and viral organisms Perhaps one of the most unique and important effects associated with CIRDC are listed in Table 1. of these virulence factors is the ability to paralyze the In general, morbidity for CIRDC is high with mortal- mucociliary apparatus—a key component of the respi- ity being low. Severe cases can result in life-threatening ratory tract’s local defense mechanisms—and create respiratory compromise due to pneumonia. acquired ciliary dysfunction.1,3,4 The mucociliary apparatus moves inhaled debris and DISEASE PROFILE opportunistic pathogens away from the lower respiratory Bordetella bronchiseptica tract, decreasing the risk of colonization by these organ- B bronchiseptica, a primary respiratory pathogen, is a isms and the potential for associated pneumonia. By gram-negative, aerobic coccobacillus that is often impli- paralyzing the cilia, B bronchiseptica not only improves cated as a complicating factor in dogs with concurrent its own virulence and chance for colonization, but also viral respiratory infections.1 predisposes the patient to opportunistic infections of the lower respiratory tract.1 Disease Spectrum.
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Kennel Cough
Kennel Cough (Infectious Tracheobronchitis) Wha i Kenne Coug? How i Kenne Coug Treate? Kennel Cough is an infectious bronchitis characterized by a harsh, hacking Kennel Cough is usually manageable in a home. The BEST thing to do for a cough which most people describe as sounding like “something stuck in my dog with kennel cough is provide them with a warm, stress-free home. In this dog’s throat.” It is analogous to a chest cold for humans and is only a environment most dogs will recover within a few weeks. serious condition in special circumstances: in general, it resolves on it’s own. A dog with Kennel Cough generally feels active and maintains a Although most cases will go away on their own, antibiotics can help hasten normal appetite despite frequent fits of coughing. There is usually no fever recovery by directly killing the Bordetella organism. Alternatively, Kennel or listlessness, just lots of coughing. Cough may be treated with cough suppressants to provide comfort during natural recovery. Alternatively, antibiotics and cough suppressants can be Because it is common for Bordetella to be accompanied by at least one combined. The medications can be obtained through your regular other infectious agent, such as the Parainfluenza virus, “Kennel Cough” is veterinarian. Severe, untreated cases of kennel cough can develop into actually a complex of infections, rather than infection by one agent. Any of pneumonia, so it is important to discuss kennel cough with your these other viruses can produce a minor sore throat and cough ultimately veterinarian. allowing an “in” for the more toxic Bordetella bronchiseptica bacteria.
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Dog Vaccinations *DAPP Vaccination
Dog Vaccinations *DAPP Vaccination (Distemper Vaccine)-This vaccine protects against Canine Distemper Virus, Canine Adenovirus types 1 & 2, Canine Parainfluenza Virus, & Canine Parvovirus. Starting at 8 weeks of age, the vaccine requires 3 boosters 3 weeks apart. The 3rd booster is good for 1 year. Then we give the DAPP 3 year Vaccination every 3 years after that. *Rabies Vaccination-Starting at 16 weeks of age, a 1 year Rabies Vaccination is given. Then after that a 3 year vaccination is given and boosted every 3 years after that. By law, Rabies Vaccination must stay current and the pet must be registered with the county license dept. *Oral Bordetella Vaccination (Kennel Cough Vaccine)-Starting at 8 weeks of age, this vaccine requires no Boosters and is given yearly to protect against Canine Kennel Cough. In rare occasions, a subcutaneous Bordetella vaccination may be recommended instead of the Oral and would require 1 booster 3 weeks after the initial injection. *Lyme Disease Vaccination-Lyme Disease is very prevalent in our area and commonly spread through the bite of infected ticks. Starting after 16 weeks of age, this vaccine requires 1 Booster 3 weeks after the initial vaccination. The Booster is good for 1 year and will be boosted yearly after that. *Leptospirosis Vaccination-This vaccine protects against Leptospirosis, which is caused by a bacteria that spreads through soil, water, and the urine of infected animals. If it is not caught early, it can be deadly. Lepto is Zoonotic, which means it can be spread from animals to people. Starting after 16 weeks of age, the vaccine requires 1 Booster 3 weeks after the initial is given.
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Canine Infectious Respiratory Disease Complex (CIRDC) Information for Dog Owners
Canine Infectious Respiratory Disease Complex (CIRDC) Information for Dog Owners Key Facts Canine Infectious Respiratory Disease Complex (CIRDC) is very common and can be due to one or more bacterial and viral organisms. Signs of disease can be: • Mild, e.g. cough, sneeze, discharge from the eyes or nose, fever • Progressive, i.e. begin as mild signs that rapidly worsen • Severe, such as pneumonia complicated with bacterial infection In most dogs, signs of disease are mild and self-limiting (i.e. resolve on their own) in 7-10 days. Outbreaks can occur as disease spreads rapidly from dog-to-dog. This is a particular concern for dogs in group settings (e.g. dog shows, boarding, doggie daycare, dog parks), which have high dog-to-dog contact. Vaccines that lessen disease severity and reduce organism shedding are available for some of the infectious bacteria and viruses involved in CIRDC. What is it? Canine Infectious Respiratory Disease Complex In most dogs, signs of disease are self-limiting (CIRDC), sometimes referred to as ‘kennel cough’ (i.e. resolve on their own) in 7-10 days with or ‘canine cough,’ is a clinical syndrome. At least nursing care, e.g. cough suppressant. nine different bacteria and viruses have been linked as causes of CIRDC. Co-infections (i.e. infection with more than one bacterial or viral agent) are common. Common viral causes of CIRDC include canine adenovirus 2, canine distemper virus, canine influenza viruses, canine herpesvirus, and canine parainfluenza virus (see Resources for links to individual factsheets). Common bacterial causes of CIRDC include Bordetella bronchiseptica, Streptococcus equi subspecies zooepidemicus, and Mycoplasma spp.
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KENNEL COUGH FACT SHEET Sioux Falls Area Humane Society 3720 E Benson Road • Sioux Falls, SD 57104 605.338.4441
CANINE KENNEL COUGH FACT SHEET Sioux Falls Area Humane Society 3720 E Benson Road • Sioux Falls, SD 57104 605.338.4441 WHAT IS KENNEL COUGH? Kennel cough, also known as infectious tracheobronchitis, is a general term for a group of viruses and bacteria that cause upper respiratory infections in dogs. These diseases are highly contagious between dogs, but generally cannot be spread to other species, like humans or cats. HOW IS KENNEL COUGH Kennel cough is spread through secretions from the nose and mouth of an SPREAD? infected dog. These secretions can be transferred by direct contact from dog to dog, by coughing and sneezing, or via objects like toys, bowls, human hands and clothing. WHAT ARE THE SIGNS? Most frequently, we see dogs with a dry, hacking cough and/or a runny nose. The cough may be severe enough to cause retching or vomiting in some dogs. In severe cases, kennel cough may progress to pneumonia. If this occurs, dogs may run a fever, lose their appetite, and become depressed. WHY IS KENNEL COUGH Stressed, unvaccinated animals living in close quarters are most SO COMMON IN SHELTER susceptible to infections. Many of our dogs were once strays or did not receive DOGS? routine veterinary care. With so many vulnerable animals in one area, illness is very difficult to prevent, despite our strict cleaning protocols. HOW IS KENNEL COUGH If the illness is mild, a dog may not require medications, and may simply need TREATED? time for the infection to run its course. As our animals are under a great deal of stress, we routinely prescribe antibiotics to treat the bacterial component of kennel cough infections.
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