DOCSLIB.ORG

And Tungsten(IV) and the Oxochlorides of Tungsten(VI)

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text

Load more

University of the Pacific Scholarly Commons University of the Pacific Theses and Dissertations Graduate School 1965 The Binary Halides Of Molybdenum(IV) And Tungsten(IV) And The Oxochlorides Of Tungsten(VI) Edward Roy Epperson University of the Pacific Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarlycommons.pacific.edu/uop_etds Part of the Chemistry Commons Recommended Citation Epperson, Edward Roy. (1965). The Binary Halides Of Molybdenum(IV) And Tungsten(IV) And The Oxochlorides Of Tungsten(VI). University of the Pacific, Dissertation. https://scholarlycommons.pacific.edu/uop_etds/2865 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate School at Scholarly Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in University of the Pacific Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of Scholarly Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. ... ·~ ' .. .: ~ .. \, THE BINARY HALIDES OF Iv10LYBDENUM(IV) AND TUNGSTEN(IV) AND THE OXOCHLORIDES .OF 'rUNGSTEN (VI) A Dj. ssertation Presented to the Faculty of the Department of Chemistry University of the Pacific In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Doctor of Philosophy by Edward Roy Epperson June 1965 This diss~rtaHon, written al}d submitted qy EdwardHoy Epperson is appJ"oved for r~commef\dation to the Gra~uate Council,· Vniver ~ity Qi the PCl-cific. · +-~~~~~~~~~~~~~------ ---- Department Chi;~.irrpan er .Qean:. Dissertation C~n:nmitt~e: v{~, ~~Vhairman /ZJ . , . A @. e::l:'J'~""* P . ·.· ~~-~::: .. _;~iil.ill. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The author wishes to express his sincere appreciation well-rounded program of graduate studies, to the entire Faculty of the Department of Chemistry for their invaluable implementation of these graduate studies, and especially to Dr. Herschel G. Frye for his continuing interest in and direction of the research project that has found expression in this dissertation. Appreciation is also extended to Dr. J. E. Danieley, President of Elon College, the National Science Foundation, the Piedmont University Center of North Carolina, and the North Carolina Academy of Sciences for the provision of funds in support of this program of studies and research activities. I I TABLE OF CONTENTS CHAPTER PAGE I. INTRODUCTION . 1 II. TETRAFLUORIDES . 3 Molybdenum Tetrafluoride . • 3 Preparation . • 3 Physical properties • . • . 4 Chemical properties • . • • . • • . 4 Tungsten Tetrafluoride • • • • 0 • • 6 Preparation . • . 6 Physical properties . 6 Chemical reactions . $ III. EXPERIMENTAL METHOD OF KNOX AND TYREE • • • • • • 9 Apparatus . • • • . 9 Reaction vessel . 9 Inert atmosphere enclosure . 10 · Procedure . 12 IV. TETRACHLORIDES . • • • • 0 • . 20 Molybdenum Tetrachloride . • • • 20 Preparation . • . 20 Early syntheses . • • . 20 Thermal decomposition of molybdenum trichloride • . • . • • . 20 -= Reduction of molybdenum pentachloride • • • 21 v CHAPTER PAGE Reflux of molybdenum dioxide with chlorocarbons . 23 ~- The method of Knox and Tyree . 23 Method of analysis of MoC14 • . • • • • • • . 30 Physical characteristics . 31 ~------------------~S~t~a~b~i~l~i~ty • • • • • . 31 Chemical reactions • • • • • • • • • e • • • 32 With water and acids . 32 With nitrogen donors . 32 V'vith phosphorus and arsenic donors 34 With oxygen donors . 34 Tungsten Tetrachloride . 36 Preparation . 36 Reduction of tungsten hexachloride, WC16 36 The method of Knox and Tyree . 37 Method of analysis of wc1 4 • • • • • • • 41 Physical characteristics . 42 Stability ..... 45 ~ E Chemical reactions . 45 I With water . 45 With nitrogen donors . 45 With other donors . 46 v. TETRABROMIDES • • • . • . 47 Molybdenum Tetrabromide • • • • • 0 • 47 vi CHAPTER PAGE Preparation . • . 47 Reactio~ of MoBr3 with Br2 • • • • • • • • 47 The method of Knox and Tyree • • • • • • • 48 Other syntheses . · • • . 48 Physical characteristics . 48 J----------------""S'-"-'tab_il_it_y____._·._._._._._._._._.~.-·-·-·-·-·-·-· __4_3~__ ___ Chemical· reactions . 50 With water . 50 With diarsine . 50 Tungsten Tetrabromide • . 50. Preparation . • • 50 Reduction of tungsten pentabromide • • • • 50 The method of Knox and Tyree . 51 Method of analysis of WBr4 . 52 Physical characteristics • • • • • • • e • • 52 Stability ••..• • • . 54 Chemical reactions . 54 With water . 54 i i With nitrogen donors . 54 I VI. TETRA IODIDES . 55 Molybdenum Tetraiodide . 55 Preparation . • . 55 Physical properties . 56 Chemical characteristics . 56 vii CHAPTER PAGE Tungsten Tetraiodide " . 56 Preparation . 56 Physical properties . 5S Chemical characteristics • . 5S VII. OXOCHLORIDES OF TUNGSTEN(VI) . 60 Tungsten Dioxodichloride . 60. Preparation . 60 Chlorination of wo3 . • . • • 60 Chlorination of wo2 . • .. • • 61 Physical properti.es . 61 Chemical properties . • . • • . • 61 Tungsten Oxotetrachloride . • • • • 63 Preparation . 63 Chlorination of wo3 • • • • • • • • • • • 63 Chlol:'ination of a W-vm 2 Mixture • • • • • 63 The method of Knox and Tyree • . ... 64 Method of analysis of WOC1 . • • . • . 65 4 Physical properties . 65 i Chemical properties . 6S I VIII. SUMMARY . 69 BIBLIOGRAPHY • e e e e * e • e e e • e • • e e e e e G 72 APPENDIX . Sl LIST OF TABLES ~ = ff TABLE PAGE ·~ I. Physical and Physicochemical Properties ~- of Molybdenum Tetrafluoride . • . • . • • . 5 II. Physical and Physicochemical Properties of Tungsten Tetrafluoride . • • . • 7 III. Analyses of Mo0 2-cc14 Reaction Product • • • • • 27 IV. Physic~l and Physicochemical Properties of Molybdenum Tetrachloride . • . 35 v. Analyses of wo 2-cc14 Reaction Product • • • . • 39 VI. Physical and Physicochemical Properties of Tungsten Tetrachloride . • • . 43 ~ E ~ VII. Physical and Physicochemical Properties E ~ of Molybdenum Tetrabromide . .. • . • • • • • 49 VIII. Physical and Physicochemical Proper~ies of Tungsten Tetrabromide . • . • • • • 53 IX. Physical and Physicochemical Properties of Molybdenum Tetraiodide . • . • • . 57 ~ x. Physical and Physicochemical Properties E of Tungsten Tetraiodide I= . • . • • • • • • • 59 - --- XI. Physical and Physicochemical Properties - of Tungsten Dioxodichloride • . • • • • • 62 ~-- ~ XII. Physical and Physicochemical Properties ~ - - of Tungsten Oxotetrachloride . • . • • • • • 66 - LIST OF FIGURES FIGURE PAGE l. Glass Reaction Vessel . • • • • • 14 2. Container for Removal of Opened Reaction Vessel to Dry-Box • . 18 -= CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION The binary tetrahalides of molybdenum and tungsten have been prepared and characterized to some degree. The tetrachlorides and tetrabromides have been studied exten- The tetrafluorides and the tetraiodides have not been studied so thoroughly and little is knoWn about them. A general preparative method for anhydrous metal chlorides is that of Knox and Tyree in which a metal oxide and carbon tetrachloride are heated to varying temperatures in a sealed glass tube. The glass tube is contained in a metal bomb with carbon tetrachloride in it to equalize the pressure. In previous syntheses utilizing this method, Knox etcal. (1957) have reported ReC1 5, TcCl4, MoCl5, WC16, and TaCl5, while Epperson et al. (1963) have reported A1Cl3 , & Fec13 , NbC1 5 , and Zrc14 . In all of these syntheses, the = oxide of highest oxidation state produced the highest I chloride; e.g., wo = WC16, Moo = Moc1 . The question 3 3 5 then arose as to whether this preparative procedure might be applied to the synthesis of the tetravalent chlorides and bromides of molybdenum and tungsten. 2 It was the purpose of this current study to investigate the reaction of molybdenum and tungsten dioxides with carbon tetrachloride and bromoform (via the method of Knox and Tyree) to produce anhydrous molybdenum and tungsten tetrachlorides and bromides and to determine whether the method is a reliable one for the synthesis of these com- ~----------pounds. Out of this grew an investigation into the prep~a=r~a~-~·------­ tion of the oxochlorides of tungsten(VI) using the same preparative technique. The results of this study are here set forth. An attempt is made to systematize the published material on the synthesis and properties of the binary halides of molybdenum(IV) and tungsten(IV) and the oxochlorides of tungsten(VI). Extensive calculations have been carried out by A. Glassner in 1957 and L. Brewer and co-workers in 1950 on the estimation of thermochemical and thermodynamic data for the tetrahalides of molybdenum and tungsten. These data are in general based on analogy with compounds of neighboring elements in the Periodic Table. Even though these values are subject to uncertainty, they are included here for comparative purposes. =~ ------- -------·· ---- ---- CHAPTER II TETRAFLUORIDES I. MOLYBDENUM TETRAFLUORIDE J. J. Berzelius (in 1826) first reported the preparation of a molybdenum-fluorine 'COmpound purported to h:ave------th-e~st_o-icniometry of-Mo:B'~Tnis was achieved by the action of hydrofluoric acid on hydrated molybdenum dioxide. A red solution resulted which on slow evaporation yielded a black, thermally unstable, crystalline residue. This work has not been successfully duplicated and there was doubt as to the existence of molybdenum tetrafluoride until the researches of R. D. Peacock in 1957. Preparation The only reported preparation of pure molybdenum tetrafluoride is that of Peacock. By the action of gaseous fluorine on molybdenum hexacarbonyl at -75° C., an olive~ green solid and carbon monoxide are formed. The olive-green solid has an apparent formula of Mo 2F9 and on being heated to 170° c. ill vacuo yields MoF 5 as a distillate and MoF4 as the residue.
Recommended publications
  • Geoffrey Wilkinson

    Geoffrey Wilkinson

    THE LONG SEARCH FOR STABLE TRANSITION METAL ALKYLS Nobel Lecture, December 11, 1973 by G EOFFREY W ILKINSON Imperial College of Science & Technology, London, England Chemical compounds in which there is a single bond between a saturated car- bon atom and a transition metal atom are of unusual importance. Quite aside from the significance and role in Nature of the cobalt to carbon bonds in the vitamin B 12 system and possible metal to carbon bonds in other biological systems, we need only consider that during the time taken to deliver this lec- ture, many thousands, if not tens of thousands of tons of chemical compounds are being transformed or synthesised industrially in processes which at some stage involve a transition metal to carbon bond. The nonchemist will pro- bably be most familiar with polyethylene or polypropylene in the form of do- mestic utensils, packaging materials, children’s toys and so on. These materials are made by Ziegler-Natta* or Philipps’ catalysis using titanium and chro- mium respectively. However, transition metal compounds are used as catalysts in the synthesis of synthetic rubbers and other polymers, and of a variety of simple compounds used as industrial solvents or intermediates. For example alcohols are made from olefins, carbon monoxide and hydrogen by use of cobalt or rhodium catalysts, acetic acid is made by carbonylation of methanol using rhodium catalysts and acrylonitrile is dimerised to adiponitrile (for nylon) by nickel catalysts. We should also not forget that the huge quantities of petroleum hydrocarbons processed by the oil and petrochemical industry are re-formed over platinum, platinum-rhenium or platinum-germanium sup- ported on alumina.
  • 3. Micronutrients There Are 7 Essential Plant Nutrient Elements Defined As

    3. Micronutrients There Are 7 Essential Plant Nutrient Elements Defined As

    3. Micronutrients There are 7 essential plant nutrient elements defined as micronutrients [boron (B), zinc (Zn), manganese (Mn), iron (Fe), copper (Cu), molybdenum (Mo), chlorine (Cl)]. They constitute in total less than 1% of the dry weight of most plants. The following discussion focuses primarily on the soil characteristics for the micronutrients. a. Boron (B) Boron is included in the Standard Soil Test. The level of soil boron is “insufficient” or “low” when extractable boron is less than 0.1 pound per acre. Soil boron is found in both organic and inorganic forms that are made available to plants as either or both soil organic matter is decomposed and/or boron-containing minerals dissolve. There may be between 20 to 200 pounds boron in the surface layer of South Carolina soils, but only a small portion is available to 3- plants. Boron, as the borate (BO3 ) anion, is mobile in the soil and can be easily leached from the surface soil. Calcium, potassium, and nitrogen concentrations in both the soil and plant can affect boron availability and plant function, the calcium:boron (Ca:B) ratio relationship being the most important. Therefore, soils high in calcium will require more boron than soils low in calcium. The chance for boron toxicity is greater on low calcium-content soils. The need to include boron in the fertilizer recommendation is determined by: • crop requirement • soil boron test level For any given crop when boron is recommended, a high rate of boron may be required on: • clay-type soils • soils that are high in water pH and/or calcium content • high organic matter content soils • soils where boron is broadcast versus boron being either banded or foliar applied Boron is routinely included in the fertilizer recommendation for the crops cotton, peanut, alfalfa, apple, root crops, cabbage, broccoli, and cauliflower, and when reseeding clover or where clover seeds are to be harvested.
  • Synthesis, Characterization, and Application of Molybdenum Oxide Nanomaterials Michael S

    Synthesis, Characterization, and Application of Molybdenum Oxide Nanomaterials Michael S

    University of South Florida Scholar Commons Graduate Theses and Dissertations Graduate School 11-9-2017 Synthesis, Characterization, and Application of Molybdenum Oxide Nanomaterials Michael S. McCrory University of South Florida, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd Part of the Mechanical Engineering Commons Scholar Commons Citation McCrory, Michael S., "Synthesis, Characterization, and Application of Molybdenum Oxide Nanomaterials" (2017). Graduate Theses and Dissertations. https://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/7424 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate School at Scholar Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in Graduate Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of Scholar Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Synthesis, Characterization, and Application of Molybdenum Oxide Nanomaterials by Michael S. McCrory A dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Department of Mechanical Engineering College of Engineering University of South Florida Co-Major Professor: Ashok Kumar, Ph.D. Co-Major Professor: Manoj K. Ram, Ph.D. Daniel Hess, Ph.D. Sylvia Thomas, Ph.D. Sagar Pandit, Ph.D. Date of Approval: November 2, 2017 Keywords: Battery, Decontamination, Photocatalyst, Adsorbent, Methylene Blue Copyright © 2017, Michael S. McCrory DEDICATION I’d like to dedicate this work to grandma, Janet, and my parents, Gail and James. Thank you for everything; the love, support, encouragement, etc. I’d also like to dedicate this work to my soon-to-be wife, Courtney. Words just cannot describe my feelings here, so I’ll simply say thank you for everything and I love you.
  • University of Southampton Research Repository Eprints Soton

    University of Southampton Research Repository Eprints Soton

    University of Southampton Research Repository ePrints Soton Copyright © and Moral Rights for this thesis are retained by the author and/or other copyright owners. A copy can be downloaded for personal non-commercial research or study, without prior permission or charge. This thesis cannot be reproduced or quoted extensively from without first obtaining permission in writing from the copyright holder/s. The content must not be changed in any way or sold commercially in any format or medium without the formal permission of the copyright holders. When referring to this work, full bibliographic details including the author, title, awarding institution and date of the thesis must be given e.g. AUTHOR (year of submission) "Full thesis title", University of Southampton, name of the University School or Department, PhD Thesis, pagination http://eprints.soton.ac.uk UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHAMPTON FACULTY OF NATURAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES Chemistry DEVELOPMENT OF RESONANT INELASTIC X-RAY SCATTERING SPECTROSCOPY FOR 4d AND 5d TRANSITION METAL CATALYSTS Rowena Thomas Thesis for Degree of Doctor of Philosophy APRIL 2013 UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHAMPTON ABSTRACT FACULTY OF NATURAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES Chemistry Doctor of Philosophy DEVELOPMENT OF RESONANT INELASTIC X-RAY SCATTERING SPECTROSCOPY FOR 4d AND 5d TRANSITION METAL COMPLEXES By Rowena Thomas This research focuses on the development of Resonant Inelastic X-ray Scattering spectroscopy (RIXS) as a tool in homogeneous catalysis for 4d and 5d transition metals. In the RIXS data 2D plots of x-ray emission spectra as a function of absorption were obtained, showing the relationship between the two techniques as well as probing both the unfilled and filled DOS.
  • SDS US 2PD Version #: 01 Issue Date: 03-25-2021 1 / 6 Chemical Name Common Name and Synonyms CAS Number % Tungsten Chloride 13283-01-7 100

    SDS US 2PD Version #: 01 Issue Date: 03-25-2021 1 / 6 Chemical Name Common Name and Synonyms CAS Number % Tungsten Chloride 13283-01-7 100

    SAFETY DATA SHEET 1. Identification Product identifier Tungsten Chloride Other means of identification SDS number 2PD Materion Code 2PD CAS number 13283-01-7 Manufacturer/Importer/Supplier/Distributor information Manufacturer Company name Materion Advanced Chemicals Inc. Address 407 N 13th Street 1316 W. St. Paul Avenue Milwaukee, WI 53233 United States Telephone 414.212.0290 E-mail [email protected] Contact person Laura Hamilton Emergency phone number Chemtrec 800.424.9300 2. Hazard(s) identification Physical hazards Not classified. Health hazards Skin corrosion/irritation Category 1 Serious eye damage/eye irritation Category 1 Environmental hazards Not classified. OSHA defined hazards Not classified. Label elements Signal word Danger Hazard statement Causes severe skin burns and eye damage. Causes serious eye damage. Precautionary statement Prevention Do not breathe dust/mist/spray. Wash hands thoroughly after handling. Wear protective gloves/protective clothing/eye protection/face protection. Response IF SWALLOWED: Rinse mouth. Do NOT induce vomiting. IF ON SKIN (or hair): Remove/take off immediately all contaminated clothing. Rinse skin with water/shower. IF INHALED: Remove to fresh air and keep at rest in a position comfortable for breathing. Immediately call a poison center/doctor. Wash/decontaminate removed clothing before reuse. Storage Store locked up. Disposal Dispose of contents/container in accordance with local/regional/national/international regulations. Hazard(s) not otherwise None known. classified (HNOC) Supplemental information None. 3. Composition/information on ingredients Substances Material name: Tungsten Chloride SDS US 2PD Version #: 01 Issue date: 03-25-2021 1 / 6 Chemical name Common name and synonyms CAS number % Tungsten Chloride 13283-01-7 100 4.
  • NOVEL ENVIRONMENTAL and EXPLOSIVES DETECTION APPLICATIONS for MOLYBDENUM OXIDES by KEVIN NAKIA BARBER Bachelor of Science in Ch

    NOVEL ENVIRONMENTAL and EXPLOSIVES DETECTION APPLICATIONS for MOLYBDENUM OXIDES by KEVIN NAKIA BARBER Bachelor of Science in Ch

    NOVEL ENVIRONMENTAL AND EXPLOSIVES DETECTION APPLICATIONS FOR MOLYBDENUM OXIDES By KEVIN NAKIA BARBER Bachelor of Science in Chemical Engineering University of Oklahoma Norman, Oklahoma 1999 Master of Science in Chemical Engineering Oklahoma State University Stillwater, Oklahoma 2005 Submitted to the Faculty of the Graduate College of the Oklahoma State University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY July, 2009 NOVEL ENVIRONMENTAL AND EXPLOSIVES DETECTION APPLICATIONS FOR MOLYBDENUM OXIDES Dissertation Approved: Dr. Allen W. Apblett Dissertation Adviser Dr. Nicholas Materer Dr. Jeffery White Dr. Legrande Slaughter Dr. John Veenstra Dr. A. Gordon Emslie Dean of the Graduate College ii ACKNOWLEDGMENTS If I were to thank everyone individually who helped make this work possible in both large and small ways this acknowledgements section would be larger than the dissertation itself. I especially thank Dr. Allen Apblett for all of his instruction, his patience, his advice, and especially his friendship over these last four years. He is a man I have learned a great deal from, have a great deal of respect for, and would do well to emulate. I also thank Dr. Nicholas Materer for all his help with these projects I have worked on, for his help with the XPS data, for his advice and (always constructive) criticism, and for his friendship. I thank my committee members: Dr. Legrande Slaughter who was my first instructor in this department when I took his Graduate Inorganic Chemistry course for my technical elective in engineering; Dr. Jeffery White who taught me heterogeneous catalysis; Dr. John Veenstra, with whom I also worked in my engineering studies.
  • SDS EU 2PD Version #: 01 Issue Date: 25-March-2021 1 / 8 Hazard Statements H314 Causes Severe Skin Burns and Eye Damage

    SDS EU 2PD Version #: 01 Issue Date: 25-March-2021 1 / 8 Hazard Statements H314 Causes Severe Skin Burns and Eye Damage

    SAFETY DATA SHEET SECTION 1: Identification of the substance/mixture and of the company/undertaking 1.1. Product identifier Name of the substance Tungsten Chloride Identification number 236-293-9 (EC number) Registration number - Document number 2PD Synonyms None. Materion Code 2PD Issue date 25-March-2021 Version number 01 1.3. Details of the supplier of the safety data sheet Supplier Company name Materion Advanced Chemicals Inc. Address 407 N. 13th Street 1316 W. St. Paul Avenue Milwaukee, WI 53233 United States Division Milwaukee Telephone 414.212.0257 e-mail [email protected] Contact person Laura Hamilton 1.4. Emergency telephone number 1.2. Relevant identified uses of the substance or mixture and uses advised against Identified uses Not available. Uses advised against None known. 1.3. Details of the supplier of the safety data sheet Supplier Company name Materion Advanced Chemicals Inc. Address 407 N. 13th Street 1316 W. St. Paul Avenue Milwaukee, WI 53233 United States Division Milwaukee Telephone 414.212.0257 e-mail [email protected] Contact person Laura Hamilton 1.4. Emergency telephone number SECTION 2: Hazards identification 2.1. Classification of the substance or mixture Classification according to Regulation (EC) No 1272/2008 as amended Hazard summary Causes severe skin burns and eye damage. Causes serious eye damage. 2.2. Label elements Label according to Regulation (EC) No. 1272/2008 as amended Contains: Tungsten Chloride Hazard pictograms Signal word Danger Material name: Tungsten Chloride SDS EU 2PD Version #: 01 Issue date: 25-March-2021 1 / 8 Hazard statements H314 Causes severe skin burns and eye damage.
  • Large-Batch Reduction of Molybdenum Trioxide

    Large-Batch Reduction of Molybdenum Trioxide

    ORNL/TM-2014/630 Large-Batch Reduction of Molybdenum Trioxide R. A. Lowden J. O. Kiggans, Jr. S. D. Nunn F. Montgomery P. Menchhofer C. D. Bryan Approved for public release. Distribution is unlimited. July 2015 DOCUMENT AVAILABILITY Reports produced after January 1, 1996, are generally available free via US Department of Energy (DOE) SciTech Connect. Website http://www.osti.gov/scitech/ Reports produced before January 1, 1996, may be purchased by members of the public from the following source: National Technical Information Service 5285 Port Royal Road Springfield, VA 22161 Telephone 703-605-6000 (1-800-553-6847) TDD 703-487-4639 Fax 703-605-6900 E-mail [email protected] Website http://www.ntis.gov/help/ordermethods.aspx Reports are available to DOE employees, DOE contractors, Energy Technology Data Exchange representatives, and International Nuclear Information System representatives from the following source: Office of Scientific and Technical Information PO Box 62 Oak Ridge, TN 37831 Telephone 865-576-8401 Fax 865-576-5728 E-mail [email protected] Website http://www.osti.gov/contact.html This report was prepared as an account of work sponsored by an agency of the United States Government. Neither the United States Government nor any agency thereof, nor any of their employees, makes any warranty, express or implied, or assumes any legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of any information, apparatus, product, or process disclosed, or represents that its use would not infringe privately owned rights. Reference herein to any specific commercial product, process, or service by trade name, trademark, manufacturer, or otherwise, does not necessarily constitute or imply its endorsement, recommendation, or favoring by the United States Government or any agency thereof.
  • The Vapor Pressures of Molybdenum Oxides And

    The Vapor Pressures of Molybdenum Oxides And

    THE VAPOR PRESSURES OF MOLYBDENUM OXIDES AND TUNGSTEN OXIDES DISSERTATION Presented in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Doctor of Philosophy in the Graduate School of The Ohio State University By PAUL EDWARD BLACKBURN, B. A. The Ohio State University 1954 Approved by* 1 ASMQMtfMlgMI The writer wishes to express his appreciation for the helpful guidance and criticism of Professor Herrick L. Johnston, under whose supervision this work was oarried out. He is also most appreciative to Dr, Michael Hoch for their many useful discussions and for his sugges­ tions . The author is very grateful to Mr. Janes Jones and Mr, L. £. Cox of the laboratory shop for their fine work on the apparatus used in this study. THE VAPOh PRESSURES OF MOLYBDENUM OXIDES AND TUNGSTEN OXIDES IflTBQPgCTIQM Although earlier investigations on the vapor pressures of molybdenum trioxide and tungsten tri- oxide have been reported in the literature (1,2) there is some doubt about the accuracy of the data. For this reason, and in order to extend the work to the other oxides, a study of the solid-vapor equili­ brium of the molybdenum-oxygen and tungsten-oxygen systems vas undertaken. The study was carried out by measuring the vapor pressures of the oxides using the Knudsen rate of effusion method. THEORY Sato of fiffmlga Hitfaad The Xnudaen (3) rate of effusion method consists of measuring the rate at which gas molecules escape through an orifice in the wall of a cell in which the gas la in equilibrium with a solid sr liquid. The equation for the pressure of a gas determined by the rate of effusion method is (4 ) p - » ^ * 5 “ , a ) where m is the rate of effusion in grams per square centimeter per second, R is the gas constant, T is the absolute temperature and M is the moleoular weight.
  • Zoran Janjušević, Vladislav Matković, Mladen Bugarčić*, Miroslav Sokić

    Zoran Janjušević, Vladislav Matković, Mladen Bugarčić*, Miroslav Sokić

    Z. Janjušević et al. Molybdenum recovery as alloying agent from waste molybdenum solution Zoran Janjušević, Vladislav Matković, Mladen Bugarčić*, Scientific paper Miroslav Sokić, Branislav Marković, Vaso Manojlović, ISSN 0351-9465, E-ISSN 2466-2585 Aleksandra Patarić UDC:669.283’17 doi: 10.5937/ZasMat1801102J Institute for Technology of Nuclear and Other Mineral Raw Materials, Belgrade, Serbia Zastita Materijala 59 (1) 100 - 107 (2018) Molybdenum recovery as alloying agent from waste molybdenum solution ABSTRACT The present work reports the commercialization of a recycling process of spent acid from filament tungsten wire plant to recover molybdenum (VI)-oxide and further utilizing this product for alloying cast iron. First part of the process consists of ammonia gas neutralization of spent acid containing molybdenum, crystallization and filtration of ammonium molybdate, drying and roasting to produce a commercial grade molybdic-trioxide powder (molybdenum mass fraction 59.2 mas%). Second part of the process consists of grey cast alloying with MoO3 in inducing furnace. Final product was hardened iron alloy with high yield of molybdenum recovery (up to 86 %). Keywords: spent acid, ammonia neutralization, molybdenum-trioxide, alloying, cast iron. 1. INTRODUCTION Molybdenum compounds and his alloys could During the production of filament tungsten be used in a form of MoO3 and MoO2 as a catalyst wires for incandescent light bulbs a great amount in hydrocarbon reforming process [11,12], or as a of spent acid is obtained which contains by main electrocatalyst in fuel cell applications together with high concentration of sulphuric and nitric acid (500- Pt and Ru [13] or as silicides of molybdenum for 700 g/L of both acids) and also soluble high temperature structural purposes [14].
  • Interagency Committee on Chemical Management

    Interagency Committee on Chemical Management

    DECEMBER 14, 2018 INTERAGENCY COMMITTEE ON CHEMICAL MANAGEMENT EXECUTIVE ORDER NO. 13-17 REPORT TO THE GOVERNOR WALKE, PETER Table of Contents Executive Summary ...................................................................................................................... 2 I. Introduction .......................................................................................................................... 3 II. Recommended Statutory Amendments or Regulatory Changes to Existing Recordkeeping and Reporting Requirements that are Required to Facilitate Assessment of Risks to Human Health and the Environment Posed by Chemical Use in the State ............................................................................................................................ 5 III. Summary of Chemical Use in the State Based on Reported Chemical Inventories....... 8 IV. Summary of Identified Risks to Human Health and the Environment from Reported Chemical Inventories ........................................................................................................... 9 V. Summary of any change under Federal Statute or Rule affecting the Regulation of Chemicals in the State ....................................................................................................... 12 VI. Recommended Legislative or Regulatory Action to Reduce Risks to Human Health and the Environment from Regulated and Unregulated Chemicals of Emerging Concern ..............................................................................................................................
  • Safety Data Sheet Material Name: Wcl6 (Tungsten Hexachloride) SDS ID: 320P

    Safety Data Sheet Material Name: Wcl6 (Tungsten Hexachloride) SDS ID: 320P

    Safety Data Sheet Material Name: WCl6 (Tungsten Hexachloride) SDS ID: 320P Section 1 - PRODUCT AND COMPANY IDENTIFICATION Material Name WCl6 (Tungsten Hexachloride) Synonyms TUNGSTEN CHLORIDE; TUNGSTEN HEXACHLORIDE; TUNGSTEN (VI) CHLORIDE Chemical Family metal, halides Product Use semiconductor manufacture Restrictions on Use None known. Details of the supplier of the safety data sheet Entegris, Inc. 129 Concord Road Building 2 Billerica, MA 01821 USA Telephone Number: +1-952-556-4181 Telephone Number: +1-800-394-4083 (toll free within North America) Emergency Telephone Number: CHEMTREC - U.S. - 1-800-424-9300 CHEMTREC - Intl. - 1-703-527-3887 E-mail: [email protected] Section 2 - HAZARDS IDENTIFICATION Classification in accordance with paragraph (d) of 29 CFR 1910.1200. Skin Corrosion/Irritation - Category 1 Serious Eye Damage/Eye Irritation - Category 1 Specific target organ toxicity - Single exposure - Category 3 ( respiratory system ) GHS Label Elements Symbol(s) Signal Word Danger Hazard Statement(s) Causes severe skin burns and eye damage. May cause respiratory irritation. Precautionary Statement(s) Prevention ____________________________________________________________ Page 1 of 9 Issue date: 2020-03-26 Revision 3.4 Print date: 2020-03-26 Safety Data Sheet Material Name: WCl6 (Tungsten Hexachloride) SDS ID: 320P Do not breathe dust. Wash thoroughly after handling. Wear protective gloves/protective clothing/eye protection/face protection. Use only outdoors or in a well-ventilated area. Response Immediately call a POISON CENTER or doctor/physician. IF INHALED: Remove person to fresh air and keep comfortable for breathing. Specific treatment may be needed, see first aid section of Safety Data Sheet. IF ON SKIN (or hair): Take off immediately all contaminated clothing.