Unit 12: an Age of Invention, Part One
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The Artios Home Companion Series Unit 12: An Age of Invention, Part One Teacher Overvie w As man explores creation and even creates his own inventions, God’s character is revealed to the world (Romans 1:20). This is true in this unit on inventions that impacted the world. Inventors like Charles Goodyear, George Eastman, Samuel Morse, and Thomas Alva Edison all invented devices that furthered the understanding of God’s creation and the development of the modern day world. Reading and Assignments Based on your student’s age and ability, the reading in this unit may be read aloud to the student and journaling and notebook pages may be completed orally. Likewise, other assignments can be done with an appropriate combination of independent and guided study. In this unit, students will: Complete two lessons in which they will learn about agents of communication and the story of rubber. Define vocabulary words. Visit www.ArtiosHCS.com for additional resources. Science and Invention magazine cover, 1928 Vocabulary Lesson 1: Lesson 2: telegraph patronage vulcanization privation remit patent allure appropriate itinerary Modern: Elementary Unit 12: An Age of Invention, Part One Page 127 Key People, Places, and Events Invention of the telegraph Louis Daguerre Invention of the telephone Richard March Hoe Invention of the modern printing press Christopher Latham Sholes Invention of the phonograph Thomas Alva Edison Invention of the typewriter George Eastman Invention of the camera Charles Goodyear Samuel Finley Breese Morse Leading Ideas As man explores creation, and even creates his own inventions, God’s character is revealed. For His invisible attributes, namely, His eternal power and divine nature, have been clearly perceived, ever since the creation of the world, in the things that have been made. So they are without excuse. — Romans 1:20 God is the beginning and the end of all creation and all things were created for His pleasure. For by Him all things were created, in heaven and on earth, visible and invisible, whether thrones or dominions or rulers or authorities—all things were created through Him and for Him. — Colossians 1:16 Modern: Elementary Unit 12: An Age of Invention, Part One Page 128 L e s s o n O n e History Overview and Assignments Agents of Communication Communication is one of man’s primary needs. Samuel Morse, Thomas Alva Edison, George Eastman, and other inventors helped to meet that need through the inventions of the telegraph, the telephone, the modern printing press, the phonograph, the typewriter, and the camera. Reading and Assignments Read the article: Agents of Communication. Define each vocabulary word in the context of the reading and put the word and its definition in the vocabulary section of your notebook. After reading the article, summarize the story you read by either: ▪ Retelling it out loud to your teacher or parent. OR ▪ Completing an appropriate notebook page. Either way, be sure to include the answers to the discussion questions and an overview of key people, dates, and events in your summary. Visit www.ArtiosHCS.com for additional resources. Original Samuel Morse telegraph Key Names and Terms Invention of the telegraph Samuel Finley Breese Morse Invention of the telephone Louis Daguerre Invention of the modern printing press Richard March Hoe Invention of the phonograph Christopher Latham Sholes Invention of the typewriter Thomas Alva Edison Invention of the camera George Eastman Vocabulary telegraph allure remit privation patronage appropriate Modern: Elementary Unit 12: An Age of Invention, Part One Page 129 Discussion Questions 1. Name six inventions that improved 10. Who invented the revolving or rotary communication during this time. press? 2. Who invented the telegraph? 11. Who is said to be the father of the 3. How did Samuel Morse earn money for modern typewriter? his college expenses? 12. How did the typewriter become 4. Describe the early life of Samuel Morse? available to the public? 5. With whom did Morse study art? 13. What invention recorded sound and reproduced it? 6. Of what famous Frenchman did Morse paint a portrait? 14. Who created this invention? 7. Who discovered a process of making 15. Who is considered the world’s greatest inventor in photography? pictures by sunlight? 8. Describe how Samuel Morse convinced 16. Who played a large part in the Congress to take the telegraph seriously. development of the motion picture (animated picture)? 9. How did the invention of the telegraph affect newspapers? Adapted for Elementary School from the book: The Age of Invention, a Chronicle of Mechanical Conquest by Holland Thompson Agents of Communication Communication is one of man’s primal messengers which girdled the earth and needs. It is impossible to conceive of a time reached into every civilized community, when men had no means of communication whereby news was carried swiftly by at all. At first men developed in sound the electricity. But the word was coined long names of the things they knew and the before it was discovered that intelligence forms of speech. Next came the alphabet could be communicated by electricity. It and the art of writing. And much later came denoted at first a system of semaphores, or those wonderful instruments of extension tall poles with movable arms, and other for the written and spoken word: the signaling apparatus, set within sight of one telegraph, the telephone, the modern another. There was such a telegraph line printing press, the phonograph, the between Dover and London at the time of typewriter, and the camera. Waterloo; and this telegraph began relating The word “telegraph” is derived from the news of the battle, which had come to Greek and means “to write far”; so it is a Dover by ship, to anxious London, when a very exact word, for to write far is precisely fog set in and the Londoners had to wait what we did when we sent a telegram. The until a courier on horseback arrived. And, in word, used as a noun, denotes a system of the very years when the real telegraph was wires with stations and operators and coming into being, the United States Modern: Elementary Unit 12: An Age of Invention, Part One Page 130 government, without a thought of steps to make them of service to his fellows; electricity, was considering the advisability the first man of them all with the pluck and of setting up such a system of telegraphs in persistence to remain steadfast to his great the United States. design, through twelve long years of toil and privation, until his countrymen accepted his work and found it well done. Morse was happy in his birth and early training. He was born in 1791, at Charlestown, Massachusetts. His father was a Congregational minister and a scholar of high standing, who, by careful management, was able to send his three sons to Yale College. There young Samuel (or Finley, as he was called by his family) went at the age of fourteen and came under the influence of Benjamin Silliman, Professor of Chemistry, and of Jeremiah Day, Professor of Natural Philosophy, afterwards President of Yale College, whose teaching gave him impulses which in later years led to the invention of the telegraph. “Mr. Day’s lectures are very interesting,” the Samuel Finley Breese Morse, 1840 young student wrote home in 1809; “they The telegraph is one of America’s gifts to are upon electricity; he has given us some the world. The honor for this invention falls very fine experiments, the whole class to Samuel Finley Breese Morse, a New taking hold of hands form the circuit of Englander of old Puritan stock. Nor is the communication and we all receive the shock glory that belongs to Morse in any way apparently at the same moment.” dimmed by the fact that he made use of the Electricity, however, was only an alluring discoveries of other men who had been study. It afforded no means of livelihood, trying to unlock the secrets of electricity and Morse had gifts as an artist; in fact, he ever since Franklin’s experiments. If Morse earned a part of his college expenses discovered no new principle, he is painting miniatures at five dollars apiece. nevertheless the man of all the workers in He decided, therefore, that art should be his electricity between his own day and vocation. Franklin’s whom the world most delights to A letter written years afterwards by honor—and rightly so, for it is to inventors Joseph M. Dulles of Philadelphia, who was such as Morse that the world is most at New Haven preparing for Yale when indebted. Others knew; Morse saw and Morse was in his senior year, is worth acted. Others had found out the facts, but reading here: Morse was the first to perceive the practical “I first became acquainted with significance of those facts; the first to take him at New Haven, when about to Modern: Elementary Unit 12: An Age of Invention, Part One Page 131 graduate with the class of 1810, view to his self-support, in taking and had such an association as a the likenesses of his fellow- boy preparing for college might students on ivory, and no doubt have with a senior who was just with success, as he obtained finishing his course. Having come afterward a very respectable rank to New Haven under the care of as a portrait-painter. Many pieces Rev. Jedidiah Morse, the of his skill were afterward venerable father of the three executed in Charleston, South Morses, all distinguished men, I Carolina.” was commended to the protection of Finley, as he was then That Morse was destined to be a painter commonly designated, and seemed certain, and when, soon after therefore saw him frequently graduating from Yale he made the during the brief period we were acquaintance of Washington Allston, an together.