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Kingdom of Tonga 2018 Kingdom of Tonga 2018 P a g e | v GOVERNMENT OF TONGA Tonga – Green Climate Fund Country Programme INVESTING IN BUILDING A RESILIENT TONGA Tonga – Green Climate Fund Country Programme 2018 Ministry of Meteorology, Energy, Information, Disaster Management, Environment, Climate Change and Communication (MEIDECC) © Copyright by the Department of Climate Change, MEIDECC. 2018. Published by the Department of Climate Change, Nuku’alofa, Tonga, Photographs and illustrations by the Department of Climate Change staff except where noted. Acknowledgement: This Country Programme was funded by the Green Climate Fund Readiness Preparatory Support Programme. Issued by: The Department of Climate Change, P.O Box 1380, Nuku’alofa, Tonga. Prepared by: Tonga GCF Readiness and Preparatory Support Programme, MEIDECC. P a g e | i LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS: ........................................................................................... iii Foreword ................................................................................................................................................ iv Executive Summary ................................................................................................................................. v Introduction ............................................................................................................................................ 1 1. COUNTRY PROFILE .............................................................................................................................. 3 1.1 Key Characteristics .................................................................................................................. 4 1.2 Climate Change Profile: Highly Vulnerable ............................................................................. 6 1.3 Climate Change and Variability Impacts ................................................................................. 8 1.3.1 Drought Impacts.............................................................................................................. 8 1.3.2 Sea Level Rise Impacts .................................................................................................... 9 1.3.3 Increasing Temperature Impacts .................................................................................. 13 1.3.4 Tropical Cyclone Impacts .............................................................................................. 14 1.4 Development Profile ............................................................................................................. 16 2. TONGA RESPONSE POLICIES AND STRATEGIES ................................................................................. 21 2.1 Tonga Strategic Development Framework 2015 - 2025 ............................................................. 22 2.2 Tonga Budget Statements ........................................................................................................... 24 2.3 National Climate Change Policy .................................................................................................. 24 2.4 JNAP 2 ......................................................................................................................................... 26 2.5 Tonga Nationally Determined Contribution and Energy RoadMap ............................................ 27 2.6 The National Infrastructure Investment Plan ............................................................................. 27 2.7 Sector Plans ................................................................................................................................. 29 2.7.1 National Water, Sanitation and Climate Outlook ................................................................ 29 2.7.2 Tourism Sector RoadMap..................................................................................................... 30 2.7.3 Fisheries Sector Plan ............................................................................................................ 31 2.7.4 National Health Strategic Plan ............................................................................................. 32 2.7.5 Agriculture Sector Plan ........................................................................................................ 33 2.8 Nuku’alofa Structure Plan Framework ........................................................................................ 34 3. COUNTRY PROGRAMME FOR THE GCF ............................................................................................. 38 3.1 Institutional Arrangements ......................................................................................................... 39 3.2 Goals and Objectives of the Country Programme ...................................................................... 46 3.2.1 Guiding Principles for Accelerating Commitments for the CP Implementation .................. 46 3.3 Approach to Prioritisation ........................................................................................................... 47 3.4 Main priorities for GCF Funding and Support ............................................................................. 49 3.4.1 Cost Estimation Considerations ........................................................................................... 49 P a g e | ii 3.5 Country Programme Implementation, Monitoring and Evaluation ..................................... 59 3.5.1 Guidance for the Monitoring and Evaluation Framework ............................................ 59 3.5.2 Reporting ....................................................................................................................... 60 Annexes ................................................................................................................................................. 62 List of Figures: Figure 1 Summary of the priorities for the Country Programme Figure 2 Tonga Archipelago Figure 3 Eastern Tongatapu Elevation Figure 4 Eastern Tongatapu LiDAR Image. Figure 5 Impacts of a meter sea level rise in Tongatapu 1-5m. Figure 6 Vava’u (main islands) elevation Figure 7 Lifuka, Ha’apai showing receding coastline at different time Figure 8 Annual erosion rate for Lifuka, Ha’apai Figure 9 Number of Tropical Cyclones that have affected Tonga by decade. Figure 10 TC Cyclone Gita 2018, Tongatapu. Figure 11 TSDF 2015-2025 Vision and National Outcomes Figure 12 CP Institutional Arrangements List of Tables: Table 1 Tonga’s total agricultural and vulnerable land Table 2 The 6 most destructive tropical cyclones to have affected Tonga since the 1950’s Table 3 Tonga’s Economic Growth - Selected Macro-Indicators Performance Table 4 National Climate Change Policy Targets Table 5 Sample List of Donors and Partners Supporting Tonga in building Resilient Development Table 6 Tonga GCF Country Programme Priorities List of Annexes: Annex 1 Vava'u and Ha'apai Summary of Consultation Report and List of Participants Annex 1.2 JNAP Technical Working Group Membership Annex 1.3 List of Stakeholders Consulted on the draft priorities for the Country Programme Annex 2 NDA No objection Procedure Annex 2.1 To Guide the JNAP Secretariat in Step 2 Annex 3 Concept/Project Screening Template Annex 4 GCF Funding Windows Track Sheet TONGA – GREEN CLIMATE FUND COUNTRY PROGRAMME | 2018 P a g e | iii LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS: CCSCP Climate Change Committee and the Environment and Climate Change Standing Committee in Parliament CRSP Climate Resilience Sector Project CSIRO The Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization FAO Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations FRDP Framework for Resilient Development in the Pacific GUA Greater Urban Area JNAP Joint National Action Plan for Climate Change and Disaster Risk Reduction LIDAR Light Detection and Ranging MAFFF Ministry of Agriculture, Food, Fisheries and Forestry MEIDECC Ministry of Meteorology, Energy, Information, Disaster Management, Climate Change and Communications MFNP Ministry of Finance and National Planning MIA Ministry of Internal Affairs MLNR Ministry of Lands and Natural Resources MOI Ministry of Infrastructure NBSAP National Biodiversity Strategy and Action Plan NCCCC National Climate Change Coordinating Committee NEMC National Emergency Management Committee SDGs Sustainable Development Goals SPREP Secretariat of the Pacific Regional Environmental Programme TERM Tonga Energy Road Map TSDF Tonga Strategic Development Framework UNFCCC United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change P a g e | iv Foreword Tonga’s Country Programme for the Green Climate Fund consolidates major national priorities for resilient development, already approved but are yet to be implemented. The consolidation involves dialogue with key stakeholders in Tongatapu, Vava’u and Ha’apai and also looking ahead to Tonga’s vulnerability in the context of projected climate change scenario. It is not surprising that we found Tonga’s priorities for action to reduce our vulnerability remains the same in all approved policy and strategies from the last five years and still prioritised for the next 5 to 10 years. This country programme further prioritised these major actions. Tonga calls for accelerated actions and commitments to urgently address and implement the Tonga-GCF Country Programme. This is the time to implement these as resilience to future climate change scenarios and intensified extreme events means being resilient now – our capability to manage and reduce expected impacts before
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