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A Revision of the Fern Genus Oleandra (Oleandraceae) in Asia 1 Doi: 10.3897/Phytokeys.11.2955 Monograph Launched to Accelerate Biodiversity Research
A peer-reviewed open-access journal PhytoKeys 11: 1–37 (2012)A revision of the fern genus Oleandra (Oleandraceae) in Asia 1 doi: 10.3897/phytokeys.11.2955 MONOGRAPH www.phytokeys.com Launched to accelerate biodiversity research A revision of the fern genus Oleandra (Oleandraceae) in Asia Peter H. Hovenkamp1, Boon-Chuan Ho2 1 Netherlands Centre for Biodiversity Naturalis (section NHN), Leiden University, PO Box 9517, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands 2 Nees-Institut für Biodiversität der Pflanzen, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms- Universität Bonn, Meckenheimer Allee 170, D-53115 Bonn, Germany Corresponding author: Peter H. Hovenkamp ([email protected]) Academic editor: T. Ranker | Received 16 February 2011 | Accepted 29 March 2012 | Published 6 April 2012 Citation: Hovenkamp PH, Ho B-C (2012) A revision of the fern genus Oleandra (Oleandraceae) in Asia. PhytoKeys 11: 1–37. doi: 10.3897/phytokeys.11.2955 Abstract The Asiatic species of Oleandra (Oleandraceae) are revised. We reduce a large number of species to O. neriiformis and O. sibbaldii, we provide a revised circumscription of O. cumingii and O. undulata and we establish the identity of O. vulpina. In total, we recognize 9 species, with full synonymy, descriptions and distribution maps. A list of identifications is appended. Keywords Oleandra, systematics Introduction Virtually all authors who have dealt with the genus Oleandra Cav. have commented on its distinctness or naturalness. The shrubby growth form, particularly distinct in O. neriiformis Cav., prompted Cavanilles (1799; 1802) not only to derive the genus name, but also the species name from Nerium oleander L. (Apocynaceae). From this it should be clear that he saw the aerial stems of Oleandra neriiformis, of which the forms with distinctly whorled fronds are indeed strongly reminiscent of branches of Nerium olean- der. -
Medicinal Plants in Papua New Guinea
___________________________________________________________________________ 2015/CSA/014 Agenda Item: 7b PNG Traditional Knowledge System and Science Advice: PNG Perspective Purpose: Information Submitted by: Papua New Guinea Third APEC Chief Science Advisors and Equivalents Meeting Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia 14-16 October 2015 19/10/2015 PNG Traditional Knowledge System and Science Advice: PNG Perspective Teatulohi Matainaho Chairman/ CEO and Chief Science Advisor PNG Science and Technology Council/ Secretariat Traditional (Indigenous) Knowledge System “Traditional Knowledge System (TKS) is the basis upon which many indigenous communities survive on. Indigenous people value their unique knowledge systems, their languages, their agriculture, folklore, arts, medicinal knowledge, and their philosophies of life as important systems of knowledge” Steven Winduo (2009) 1 19/10/2015 • In Papua New Guinea, like many Pacific Islands societies, indigenous knowledge systems continue to remain the strength of survival, for many groups of people living within their tribal boundaries in the islands, in the valleys, in the mountains, or along rivers. • Indigenous knowledge may not necessarily be in its original form, but transformed in a form that has incorporated aspects of the introduced knowledge together with the inherited knowledge. PNG Traditional knowledge systems Agriculture and Foods Health and Navigation Wellbeing PNG Fishing Forestry and Traditional Methods and Botanicals Knowledge Harvest Systems Biodiversity Building and and Construction Conservation Cultural Expression and Language 2 19/10/2015 PNG Traditional Medical Knowledge • Documentation of herbs used in traditional medicine in PNG including traditional medical practices • A systematic survey conducted throughout the country over 16 years • Leading to establishment of Traditional Medicine Database PNG Traditional Medicine Database A national repository of medicinal plants usage in PNG. -
Native and Exotic “Boston Ferns” and “Sword Ferns” (Nephrolepis Spp.)
A Case of Mistaken Identity Native and Exotic “Boston Ferns” and “Sword Ferns” (Nephrolepis spp.) Figure 1. Florida’s native sword fern, also known as wild Boston fern, is a dominant feature of south Florida hammocks and a popular native landscape plant (Nephrolepis exaltata). Shown here in DuPuis Preserve (Palm Beach/Martin County). Ken Langeland desired plants of grow- University of Florida Center for ers and yearly sales Aquatic and Invasive Plants soared in the hundred Figure 2. st 7922 NW 71 Street, Gainesville, FL 32653 thousands.” In 1894, a Fronds of [email protected] cultivar of N. exaltata Florida’s was discovered in a native giant Introduction shipment from a Phil- sword fern Florida’s native sword fern, also adelphia grower to a (Nephrolepis know as wild Boston fern, (Nephrolepis Boston distributer and biserrata) are exaltata) (Figure 1) and giant sword fern named N. exaltata cv. often 2 m (Nephrolepis biserrata) (Figure 2), were ‘Bostoniensis’, hence the long. Shown highly admired by early botanists, commonly used name here in Fern naturalists, and horticulturists (Small Boston fern (Foster Forest, 1918a, 1918b, Simpson 1920, Foster 1984). Other derivatives Pompano 1984). Charles Torrey Simpson (1920) of N. exaltata cv. ‘Bosto- Beach wrote: “But the real glory of the ham- niensis’, ranging from (Broward mock is the two species of Nephrolepis, 1-5-pinnate, and with County). one being the well known “Boston“ such descriptive names fern.” According to Foster (1984) as N. exaltata cv. ‘Florida “—they [N. exaltata] could be seen in [Fluffy] Ruffles’ were homes and public buildings almost developed and are still known from native sword fern and giant sword everywhere. -
The Nephrolepis Boston Fern Complex Series Editors (Including Nephrolepis Exaltata [L.] Dan Blanchon Schott), Nephrolepidaceae, Naturalised in New Zealand
PERSPECTIVES IN Biosecurity RESEARCH SERIES 2/2016 The Nephrolepis Boston fern complex SERIES EDITORS (including Nephrolepis exaltata [L.] Dan Blanchon Schott), Nephrolepidaceae, naturalised in New Zealand. Mel Galbraith Mark Large and Lizzy Farrington PERSPECTIVES IN BIOSECURITY RESEARCH SERIES 2/2016 The Nephrolepis Boston fern complex (including Nephrolepis exaltata [L.] Schott), Nephrolepidaceae, naturalised in New Zealand. By Mark Large and Lizzy Farrington The Nephrolepis Boston fern complex (including Nephrolepis exaltata [L.] Schott), Nephrolepidaceae, naturalised in New Zealand by Mark Large and Lizzy Farrington is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License. This publication may be cited as: Large, M., and Farrington, L. (2016). The Nephrolepis Boston fern complex (including Nephrolepis exaltata [L.] Schott), Nephrolepidaceae, naturalised in New Zealand. Unitec ePress Perspectives in Biosecurity Research Series (2). Retrieved from http://www.unitec.ac.nz/epress/ About this series: Perspectives in Biosecurity is an occasional, multi-disciplinary electronic series of research papers and other outputs covering all aspects of the field of biosecurity, including, but not restricted to: invasion biology and ecology, invasive species identification/ diagnostics, management and eradication/control, new invasive species records, modelling, biosecurity law and policy, relationships between human society and invasive species. Papers in Perspectives in Biosecurity are primarily the results of research carried out by staff, students, graduates, associates, and collaborators of Unitec Institute of Technology. All papers are subject to a double blind peer review process. For more papers in this series please visit: www.unitec.ac.nz/epress/index.php/category/publications/epress-series/perspectives-in-biosecurity/ Cover design by Penny Thomson Cover image by Mel Galbraith On the cover is the Australian tachinid fly (Trigonospila brevifacies), a parasitoid of other insects, specifically larvae of a number of Lepidoptera. -
Spores of Serpocaulon (Polypodiaceae): Morphometric and Phylogenetic Analyses
Grana, 2016 http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00173134.2016.1184307 Spores of Serpocaulon (Polypodiaceae): morphometric and phylogenetic analyses VALENTINA RAMÍREZ-VALENCIA1,2 & DAVID SANÍN 3 1Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Center of Tropical Paleocology and Arqueology, Grupo de Investigación en Agroecosistemas y Conservación de Bosques Amazonicos-GAIA, Ancón Panamá, Republic of Panama, 2Laboratorio de Palinología y Paleoecología Tropical, Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad de los Andes, Bogotá, Colombia, 3Facultad de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad de la Amazonia, Florencia Caquetá, Colombia Abstract The morphometry and sculpture pattern of Serpocaulon spores was studied in a phylogenetic context. The species studied were those used in a published phylogenetic analysis based on chloroplast DNA regions. Four additional Polypodiaceae species were examined for comparative purposes. We used scanning electron microscopy to image 580 specimens of spores from 29 species of the 48 recognised taxa. Four discrete and ten continuous characters were scored for each species and optimised on to the previously published molecular tree. Canonical correspondence analysis (CCA) showed that verrucae width/verrucae length and verrucae width/spore length index and outline were the most important morphological characters. The first two axes explain, respectively, 56.3% and 20.5% of the total variance. Regular depressed and irregular prominent verrucae were present in derived species. However, the morphology does not support any molecular clades. According to our analyses, the evolutionary pathway of the ornamentation of the spores is represented by depressed irregularly verrucae to folded perispore to depressed regular verrucae to irregularly prominent verrucae. Keywords: character evolution, ferns, eupolypods I, canonical correspondence analysis useful in phylogenetic analyses of several other Serpocaulon is a fern genus restricted to the tropics groups of ferns (Wagner 1974; Pryer et al. -
Survey of Ornamental Ferns, Their Morphology and Uses for Environmental Protection, Improvement and Management
Ife Journal of Science vol. 14, no. 2 (2012) 245 SURVEY OF ORNAMENTAL FERNS, THEIR MORPHOLOGY AND USES FOR ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION, IMPROVEMENT AND MANAGEMENT. Oloyede, F. A. Department of Botany, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife. E-mail: [email protected] (Received: April 2012; Accepted: August 2012) ABSTRACT A survey of ornamental ferns with potentials for environmental protection, improvement and management was conducted at Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria and villages around it between 2008-2012. The collections were characterized morphologically. This was with a view to creating awareness of the importance of ornamental ferns for environmental management and economic values. Ferns were collected from humid forest, rainforest and re-growth forest vegetation zones, open bare land, around homes, offices and road sides. All the ferns collected were raised at the Department of Botany, OAU, Ile-Ife. Morphological, reproductive and growth parameters were observed, documented for their ornamental values and for their relevance in environmental protection, improvement and management. The result showed that there were a lot of variations in the shape and type of apex, frond length and diameters; leaflet texture, size and shapes in all the ferns studied. There were little variations in the structures of rhizome except in Phymatodes scholopendria with long-creeping, climbing, succulent rhizome. The only leaflet with petiole was found in Adiantum veneris-capillus. They have shoot and root biomass which are directly involved in checking wind and soil erosion by covering and holding soils together. These ornamental ferns were found to have much value for landscaping and aesthetic purposes but they were found in few villages with little or no attention. -
Epidermal Morphology of the Pinnae of Angiopteris, Danaea, and Maraffia
American Fern Journal 81(2]:44-62 (1991) Epidermal Morphology of the Pinnae of Angiopteris, Danaea, and Maraffia CRISTINAROLLERI,AMVIBLIA DEFERRARI, AND MAR~ADEL CARMENLAVALLE Laboratory of Botany, Museo de La Plata, Paseo del Bosque, 1900 La Plata, Argentina This is a study of adult epidermis morphology in 17 species of Angiopteris Hoffm., Danaea J. E. Smith, and Marattia Swartz. Epidermal patterns, adult stomata, indument, and idioblasts were studied. Hill and Camus (1986) made an overview of characters of some extant species of Marattiales as part of a cladistic study of extant and fossil members of the order. The epidermal characters they used were subsidiary cells of the stomata, dimensions of the stomata, walls of epidermal cells, and idioblasts. The only character of indument they included in their study was the presence or absence of scales. Rolleri et al. (1987) made the first detailed study dealing with pinna and pinnule indument in the Marattiaceae, although Holttum (1978) had made some general comments on petiole and rhizome scales of Angiopteris, illustrating two species. He suggested that Angiopteris pinna trichomes were diagnostic but needed detailed study. Rolleri et al. (1987) strongly pointed out that epidermal characters are diagnostic at the species level in the Marattiaceae and speculated on generic affinities within the Marattiales. Adult epidermis was described according to the terminology of Rolleri and Deferrari (1986) and Rolleri et al. (1987). Adult stomata were described following the criteria of Stace (1965),van Cotthem (1970, 1971),and Wilkinson (1979). Lellinger's (1985) concept of trichomes was adopted, as well as the terminology of Theobald et al. -
Подход К Сравнительно-Морфологическому Анализу Спор Представителей Семейства Pteridaceae E
Проблемы ботаники Южной Сибири и Монголии, 2020. – Т. 19, № 2 УДК 58.002+582.37/.39 DOI: 10.14258/pbssm.2020076 Подход к сравнительно-морфологическому анализу спор представителей семейства Pteridaceae E. D. M. Kirchn. (Pteridophyta) на основе данных филогенетического родства The approach to the comparative morphological analysis of spores of the Pteridaceae E. D. M. Kirchn family representatives (Pteridophyta) based on phylogenetic relationship data Ваганов А. В., Скапцов М. В., Когтев Д. И. Vaganov A. V., Skaptsov M. V., Kogtev D. I. Алтайский государственный университет, г. Барнаул, Россия. E-mail: [email protected]. Altai State University, Barnaul, Russia Реферат. В работе представлен результат применения сравнительно-морфологического анализа спор пред- ставителей трех подсемейств семейства Pteridaceae E. D. M. Kirchn. (Cryptogrammoideae S. Linds., Pteridoideae C. Chr. ex Crabbe, Jermy a. Mickel, Ceratopteridoideae (J. Sm.) R. M. Tryon) методом эволюционной биологии в мо- дульной программной среде Mesquite. Данный подход позволяет детально сопоставить стандартизованные каче- ственные признаки морфологии спор с данными о филогенетическом родстве представителей, что в итоге спо- собствует выявлению внутри- и межтаксономических групп родства, поиску эволюционных связей, получению новых знаний для решения проблем в таксономии папоротников. Полученные данные позволят дополнять есте- ственную классификацию семейства Pteridaceae. Ключевые слова. ДНК, морфология, молекулярная филогения, папоротники, систематика, сканирующая электронная микроскопия, -
Plant Species List for Bob Janes Preserve
Plant Species List for Bob Janes Preserve Scientific and Common names obtained from Wunderlin 2013 Scientific Name Common Name Status EPPC FDA IRC FNAI Family: Azollaceae (mosquito fern) Azolla caroliniana mosquito fern native R Family: Blechnaceae (mid-sorus fern) Blechnum serrulatum swamp fern native Woodwardia virginica Virginia chain fern native R Family: Dennstaedtiaceae (cuplet fern) Pteridium aquilinum braken fern native Family: Nephrolepidaceae (sword fern) Nephrolepis cordifolia tuberous sword fern exotic II Nephrolepis exaltata wild Boston fern native Family: Ophioglossaceae (adder's-tongue) Ophioglossum palmatum hand fern native E I G4/S2 Family: Osmundaceae (royal fern) Osmunda cinnamomea cinnamon fern native CE R Osmunda regalis royal fern native CE R Family: Polypodiaceae (polypody) Campyloneurum phyllitidis long strap fern native Phlebodium aureum golden polypody native Pleopeltis polypodioides resurrection fern native Family: Psilotaceae (whisk-fern) Psilotum nudum whisk-fern native Family: Pteridaceae (brake fern) Acrostichum danaeifolium giant leather fern native Pteris vittata China ladder break exotic II Family: Salviniaceae (floating fern) Salvinia minima water spangles exotic I Family: Schizaeaceae (curly-grass) Lygodium japonicum Japanese climbing fern exotic I Lygodium microphyllum small-leaf climbing fern exotic I Family: Thelypteridaceae (marsh fern) Thelypteris interrupta hottentot fern native Thelypteris kunthii widespread maiden fern native Thelypteris palustris var. pubescens marsh fern native R Family: Vittariaceae -
Growth of Fern Gametophytes After 20 Years of Storage in Liquid Nitrogen
FERN GAZ. 20(8): 337-346. 2018 337 GROWTH OF FERN GAMETOPHYTES AFTER 20 YEARS OF STORAGE IN LIQUID NITROGEN V. C. Pence Center for Conservation and Research of Endangered Wildlife (CREW) Cincinnati Zoo & Botanical Garden, 3400 Vine Street, Cincinnati, OH 45220, USA email: [email protected] Key words: cryopreservation, ex situ conservation, gametophyte; in vitro; long-term storage ABSTRACT In vitro grown gametophytes of six species of ferns, which had been cryopreserved using the encapsulation dehydration procedure, were evaluated for survival after 20 yrs of storage in liquid nitrogen. Tissues were rewarmed and transferred to a recovery medium with the same methods originally used to test pre-storage viability. All six species resumed growth. Post-storage viability was not consistently higher or lower than pre-storage viability of LN exposed tissues, likely reflecting the small sample sizes. However, these results demonstrate that long-term storage in liquid nitrogen is a viable option for preserving gametophytes of at least some fern species and could be utilized as an additional tool for preserving valuable gametophyte collections and for the ex situ conservation of fern biodiversity. INTRODUCTION For many species of ferns, gametophyte tissues have proven to be highly adaptable to growth in vitro (Table 1) . Most of these have been initiated through the aseptic germination of spores, although the aseptic germination of gemmae has also been demonstrated (Raine & Sheffield, 1997). As in vitro cultures, gametophytes can provide tissues for research and for propagation, both for ornamental ferns as well as for ferns of conservation concern. The ex situ conservation of ferns has traditionally relied on living collections and spore banks (Ballesteros, 2011). -
Flora and Fauna of Phong Nha-Ke Bang and Hin Namno, a Compilation Page 2 of 151
Flora and fauna of Phong Nha-Ke Bang and Hin Namno A compilation ii Marianne Meijboom and Ho Thi Ngoc Lanh November 2002 WWF LINC Project: Linking Hin Namno and Phong Nha-Ke Bang through parallel conservation Flora and fauna of Phong Nha-Ke Bang and Hin Namno, a compilation Page 2 of 151 Acknowledgements This report was prepared by the WWF ‘Linking Hin Namno and Phong Nha through parallel conservation’ (LINC) project with financial support from WWF UK and the Department for International Development UK (DfID). The report is a compilation of the available data on the flora and fauna of Phong Nha-Ke Bang and Hin Namno areas, both inside and outside the protected area boundaries. We would like to thank the Management Board of Phong Nha-Ke Bang National Park, especially Mr. Nguyen Tan Hiep, Mr. Luu Minh Thanh, Mr. Cao Xuan Chinh and Mr. Dinh Huy Tri, for sharing information about research carried out in the Phong Nha-Ke Bang area. This compilation also includes data from surveys carried out on the Lao side of the border, in the Hin Namno area. We would also like to thank Barney Long and Pham Nhat for their inputs on the mammal list, Ben Hayes for his comments on bats, Roland Eve for his comments on the bird list, and Brian Stuart and Doug Hendrie for their thorough review of the reptile list. We would like to thank Thomas Ziegler for sharing the latest scientific insights on Vietnamese reptiles. And we are grateful to Andrei Kouznetsov for reviewing the recorded plant species. -
Chapter 23: the Early Tracheophytes
Chapter 23 The Early Tracheophytes THE LYCOPHYTES Lycopodium Has a Homosporous Life Cycle Selaginella Has a Heterosporous Life Cycle Heterospory Allows for Greater Parental Investment Isoetes May Be the Only Living Member of the Lepidodendrid Group THE MONILOPHYTES Whisk Ferns Ophioglossalean Ferns Horsetails Marattialean Ferns True Ferns True Fern Sporophytes Typically Have Underground Stems Sexual Reproduction Usually Is Homosporous Fern Have a Variety of Alternative Means of Reproduction Ferns Have Ecological and Economic Importance SUMMARY PLANTS, PEOPLE, AND THE ENVIRONMENT: Sporophyte Prominence and Survival on Land PLANTS, PEOPLE, AND THE ENVIRONMENT: Coal, Smog, and Forest Decline THE OCCUPATION OF THE LAND PLANTS, PEOPLE, AND THE The First Tracheophytes Were ENVIRONMENT: Diversity Among the Ferns Rhyniophytes Tracheophytes Became Increasingly Better PLANTS, PEOPLE, AND THE Adapted to the Terrestrial Environment ENVIRONMENT: Fern Spores Relationships among Early Tracheophytes 1 KEY CONCEPTS 1. Tracheophytes, also called vascular plants, possess lignified water-conducting tissue (xylem). Approximately 14,000 species of tracheophytes reproduce by releasing spores and do not make seeds. These are sometimes called seedless vascular plants. Tracheophytes differ from bryophytes in possessing branched sporophytes that are dominant in the life cycle. These sporophytes are more tolerant of life on dry land than those of bryophytes because water movement is controlled by strongly lignified vascular tissue, stomata, and an extensive cuticle. The gametophytes, however still require a seasonally wet habitat, and water outside the plant is essential for the movement of sperm from antheridia to archegonia. 2. The rhyniophytes were the first tracheophytes. They consisted of dichotomously branching axes, lacking roots and leaves. They are all extinct.