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The Needs of Teaching English Phonology … The Needs of Teaching English Phonology …. THE NEEDS OF TEACHING ENGLISH PHONOLOGY IN HIGHER EDUCATION Evi Kasyulita [email protected] University of Pasir Pengaraian ABSTRACT The research aimed to analyze students‘ need to learn English phonology at fifth semester students of English Study Program of University of Pasir Pengaraian. Phonology is one of lessons that difficult to learn, because the students must concentrate and focus to learn it. To make students more understand in learning English phonology, the researcher need to know what students feeling before studying phonology and what their wish in learning it. Because of that reason, the researcher tried to analyze students‘ need in English phonology. There were two types of instrument to gather the data; questionnaire and interview. The total students in this research are 42 students, which consist of 22 students in class A, and 20 students in class B. The researcher analyzed students answer based on interview. The finding was students need lecturer to be patient to teach them in English phonology, the students need the lecturer explain topic per topic in slowly until they understood, the students need more practice or exercise than theory or discussion. Keywords: Analysis, Students‘ Needs, /earning Phonology. INTRODUCTION English is important in this word from English study program role, those because English is international of that reason there is no choice of the language. Nowadays, English is global students who are taken English study language, many people can speak program to speak in their language, in English, many courses are opening also at first semester students they must English specific program, and the speak English while they communicate. students can learn English start from Although some regulation was young up to dead, in other hand English applied in this department the students as a tool to communication each other. still feel hard to studying English or In teacher training and education speak English. The students still get especially at English study program is difficult to pronoun some word in also must applied English by students, English and they difficult to understand the students can give punishment while what lecturer say at the class are. students did not obey the regulation Journal of English Education Vol. 3 No. 1 June 2017 ISSN: 2459-9719 |1 Evi Kasyulita Based of researcher pre Because of English students at observation to third semester student at English study program in University of English study program, they said that Pasir Pengaraian almost code mixing they are always communicate by media used Facebook in their communicate, so using code mixing in their speak. Some the researcher really need to do research of media they used are Instagram, by analysis students code mixing in BBM, Message, WA, LINE, and Facebook, mean that the researcher will Facebook. Some of that media they describe and explain about how students applied But they always using code mixing in Facebook and also Facebook in their communicate. students reason code mixing in Facebook is easy uses by students while Facebook. In this research researcher they at campus they can turn on Wi-Fi used descriptive method to explain this to connection it, then to create new research, by collecting data message in Facebook is easy than other, while they Facebook status at fifth semester did not have good application in their students, giving questionnaire to answer phone they can create and have students reason why the students just Facebook cause the application itself code mixing in Facebook. was available. Different from other we This research is important to do, should have good application phone in because the lecturer or reader will get other hand we should have much many the information why are students code to buy good phone in meaning to have mixing in Facebook, beside of that the some of other media like BBM, LINE, lecturer will get information to know Instagram. Because of that some and image students skill in code mixing, English study program students used especially students skill in speak Facebook to their communication. English. BRIEF LITERATURE a. Phonology important role. According to Ramelan (1994: 1), phonology is the study of The Indonesian government has phones or speech sounds. There are two chosen English as the first foreign studies of phonology, phonetics and language. It means that it is taught in all phonemics. Phonemics is the study of educational institutions at all levels speech sounds with a view to finding from elementary school up to out the significant units of sounds in a university. Besides, as stated above given language. Phonetics is the study English is used as lingua franca, as it is of speech sounds as sounds, without an international language used in many regard to their function as signalling countries throughout the world. For this units of language. reason, millions of Indonesian students Phonetics is divided into two want to learn English in order to be able kinds, namely Articulator Phonetics and to speak English. When learning a new Acoustic Phonetics. Articulator language, anyone studies the phonetics studies speech sounds from components of language. the point of view of their ways of Language has three major production by the speech organs. components including phonology, Articulator phonetics explains the vocabulary, and grammar (Nasr, 1980: supra-segmental and segmental features. 2). Language is primarily spoken; Supra-segmental features, which refer therefore the sounds are very important. to such feature as stress, pitch, length, In this relation, phonology takes an 2| Journal of English Education Vol. 3 No. 1 June 2017 ISSN: 2459-9719 The Needs of Teaching English Phonology …. intonation, and other features, always vowel sounds and 24 consonant sounds) accompany the production of produced by these letters. (see vowel segmental. Segmental features refer to and consonant sections). A vowel is a sound units arranged in a sequential sound where air coming from the lungs order. Segmental features consist of is not blocked by the mouth or throat. vowels and consonants, diphthongs and All normal English words contain at their distribution. least one vowel. The vowels are: A, E, According April Mc Mohan I, O, U, and sometimes Y. 'Y' can also (2002) Phonetics consists of the study behave as a consonant when it is at the of speech sounds, and involves the beginning of a word. A consonant is a creation and production of sound by the sound formed by stopping the air human voice. There are several flowing through the mouth. The components that combine to produce consonants are: B, C, D, F, G, H, J, K, speech sounds. These include L, M, N, P, Q, R, S, T, V, W, X, Y, Z articulators, or movements of the All the sounds produced in the English mouth. Speech organs, such as the are either voiced or voiceless. Voiced respiratory system, assist in producing sounds occur when the vocal cords speech and auditory phonetics. The vibrate when the sound is produced. human voice can create many speech There is no vocal cord vibration when sounds, which vary by language. The producing voiceless sounds. To test this, English language has 13 vowels and 24 place your finger tips hand on your consonant sounds; which vary by throat as you say the sounds. When dialect. saying the voiced sounds, you should be The articulator system includes able to feel a vibration. When saying the the nose, mouth, tongue, teeth, the roof voiceless sounds you sound not be able of the mouth and lips. These structures to feel a vibration. Sometimes it is very work together to produce phonetics. Air difficult to feel the difference between a streaming through the nose, and the voiced and voiceless sound. Another tongue touching behind the front teeth, test may help. Put a piece of paper in creates the sound for the letter "n." front of your mouth when saying the Closed lips produce sounds such as "p" sounds- the paper will should move by air pushing out. Specific movements when saying the unvoiced sounds. All and placements of these components vowels in English are voiced. Some of create different sounds. the consonant sounds are voiced and Speech organs also work in some are voiceless. Some of the cooperation with the articulators for consonant sounds produced in English sound production. An example is the are very similar. Many times the respiratory system or lungs, chest difference between them is because one muscles, and the windpipe that operates is voiced and the other is voiceless. Two with the larynx. The larynx at the top of examples are 'z', which is voiced and 's', the windpipe has two vocal folds or which is voiceless. See the chart below cords, which work like lips. Air from for a listing of the voiced and voiceless the lungs, coordinating with the chest consonants.[3] · Voiced consonants muscles, opens and closes the vocal sounds; B, d, g, v, z, th, sz, j, l, m, n, ng, cords by vibration, producing phonetic r, w, y. · Voiceless consonant sounds; p, sounds. t, k, f,s,th,sh,ch,h. There are 26 letters in the English alphabet, but there are 39 sounds (15 Journal of English Education Vol. 3 No. 1 June 2017 ISSN: 2459-9719 |3 Evi Kasyulita a. Students need were all writing a few paragraphs about their electives and sharing them with Students are those are people on her and with each other. She said that a being get knowledge. To make students lot of them wrote wonderful stuff about get knowledge there are some technique band and about me and my dogs.3. to conducted, based of media, people, Have fun, This will make you enjoy thing and other.
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