Return of the Outpost Method, July 2019
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Return of the Outpost Method, July 2019 Return of the Outpost Method 32 new unauthorized settlements under the Netanyahu government Settlement Watch, Peace Now, July 2019 A. Summary ................................................................................................................................................................ 1 B. The New Outposts: Agricultural Farms .................................................................................................................. 2 C. Educational Institutions and Tourist Sites .............................................................................................................. 5 D. Involvement and Assistance by the Authorities..................................................................................................... 6 E. Direct Implications of the Outposts on Nearby Palestinians .................................................................................. 8 F. History of the Outpost Method and Current Status ............................................................................................... 9 G. Map of the New Outposts ....................................................................................................................................13 A. Summary Quietly, far from public attention, facts on the ground are being created that are changing Israel’s political position in the West Bank, without official decisions and in defiance of the law. Settlement organizations are establishing new outposts, or unauthorized settlements, with the direct assistance of the authorities and often financed by public funds. The government, for its part, encourages such construction by promising support and working to legalize these outposts, while refraining from enforcing the law against them. • Since 2012, 32 new outposts have been established, the majority of which after President Trump was elected. All of the new outposts (except one) are located deep inside the West Bank, in areas that Israel will likely have to evacuate within the framework of a permanent agreement. • 21 of the outposts are agricultural farms, which take over large areas for pasturing and cultivation, while their settlers work to remove Palestinian shepherds and farmers from the vicinity. • Around some of the new outposts there is an increase in violence and attacks against Palestinians. • The outposts are established in an organized fashion with the involvement of the local settlement authorities, Amana and the Settlement Division. • At the same time, the government is working to retroactively legalize existing outposts. To date, 15 outposts have been legalized (“regularized”) as independent settlements or "neighborhoods" in existing settlements. At least 35 additional outposts are undergoing the legalization process. • One of the outposts established in 2012, Kerem Re'im, has already been legalized, thus becoming an official settlement with nearly 70 families living in dozens of permanent homes. 1 Return of the Outpost Method, July 2019 Number of Outposts Eastablished Per Year 23 20 18 15 11 5 5 4 3 3 3 3 3 3 2 2 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1991 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 * Significant parts of the information in this report were first exposed by Dror Etkes of www.keremnavot.org B. The New Outposts: Agricultural Farms In recent years, a method has been developed to rapidly establish settlements with relatively low investment and with the ability to take over very large stretches of land by founding agricultural farms—a method first exposed by the Kerem Navot organization. 21 of the new outposts established since 2006 have been agricultural farms, primarily for sheep and cattle, while some were for land cultivation. In a letter sent to the residents of the Alon settlement, which was exposed by Amira Hass in Ha'aretz, this method is summarized as follows: “In accordance with the desire to keep in the council’s jurisdiction the state land around the settlement and in Gush Adumim, and in continuing the farming activity developing the area (the olive groves and flock of sheep grazing at Mishor Adumim), another flock has been set up that will graze from Alon Road east to Mitzpeh Yericho, on the border of Wadi Qelt, and up to Route 1. All this is part of the desire to create a contiguity of settlements from Mishor Adumim to Mitzpeh Yericho.” “Since the flock already exists and all the permits for the pen’s final location have not been obtained, we have asked for a temporary permit to place the flock east of the settlement (in the academy’s future location). This is a temporary solution for only three months in which the flock will graze and get used to the place. We point out that a grazing permit has been obtained from the legal authorities and the Civil Administration. The entire flock numbers some 200 sheep, in addition to two Jewish families with children who will live in trucks on wheels [sic], with youths who will look after the flock.” 2 Return of the Outpost Method, July 2019 “In accordance with the desire to “To maintain the families and the flock, basic keep in the council’s jurisdiction infrastructure work will be carried out – a road, the state land around the water and the like. Boaz Ido and Zambish [Ze’ev settlement … another flock has Hever] of Amana [the settling agency of the Gush been set up … All this is part of Emunim settler movement] were partners to the desire to create a contiguity carrying out the idea, financing the enterprise and implementing it.” of settlements from Mishor Adumim to Mitzpeh Yericho.” “The program is in coordination with and has the approval of the settlement’s security coordinator, Yishai. The settlement’s secretariat, Srulik the settlement secretary.” Objective: Taking over land (and expelling the Palestinian presence) – The letter notes that the construction of the outpost with the flock is to further the desire to "preserve state land." In the vernacular used by settlers, the preservation of state lands means the removal of a Palestinian presence from the area. The presence of settlers with a flock of sheep is intended to disrupt the Palestinian shepherds in that area. These Israeli settler shepherds act as self-appointed "wardens" whose job, among other things, is to drive out nearby Palestinians. In almost all the newly established farm outposts there have been several cases in which the settlers have expelled Palestinian farmers and shepherds from the area, as will be articulated below. A vast area - The letter describes the grazing area of the flock, "from Alon Road east to Mitzpeh Yericho, on the border of Wadi Qelt, and up to Route 1" – more than 6,000 dunams: Creating a contiguous string of settlements – "All this is part of the desire to create a contiguity of settlements from Mishor Adumim to Mitzpeh Yericho" – This comment indicates that the presence of the flock is part of an attempt to connect settlements geographically, forming an intrusive, contiguous string. 3 Return of the Outpost Method, July 2019 Illegal, but ... "Since the flock already exists and all the permits for the pen’s final location have not been obtained, we have asked for a temporary permit to place the flock east of the settlement. We point out that a grazing permit has been obtained from the legal authorities and the Civil Administration." – In order to establish an agricultural farm, a goat pen, a residence for the staff, etc., a building permit is required. Much of the activities of the Civil Administration inspectors and the demolitions carried out on a daily basis in Area C consist of demolishing pens and animal structures of Palestinian shepherds' communities that were built without permits. The settlers did not receive a construction permit as required, and they note that they "asked for a temporary permit" (i.e. they have not actually received a construction permit) to place the flock. The letter notes that "a grazing permit has been obtained from the legal authorities and the Civil Administration" – This may be the allocation of land from the Settlement Division. The Settlement Division, which is a non-governmental body, has received control of most of the "state land"— that is, public land—in the occupied West Bank, and allocates it to the settlers without any oversight, tenders, charging money, or apparently attaining approval from the government. For further information on the Settlement Division, see here. The "permit" from the Settlement Division does not make the buildings legal, but grants the settlers certain rights on the land, which makes the legal struggle against them difficult (see, for example, the case of the Ras Karkar farm outpost below). A small number of settlers – according to the letter, all that is needed is "two Jewish families with children" and several "youths who will look after the flock" – As this description implies, there is no need to find a large number of people to establish a settlement. This is not a residential solution but rather a workplace that enables extensive land grabs. Trucks as housing to avoid demolition orders – According to the letter, families will live in "trucks on wheels." The reason for this is to evade demolition orders and immediate evacuation, because a truck on wheels is not considered in of itself a structure that requires a building permit. In practice, the trucks serve as a fixed structure and do not move around. A truck converted into permanent living quarters in Negohot Farm, 24