DOCSLIB.ORG

(12) Patent Application Publication (10) Pub. No.: US 2007/0196507 A1 Majeed Et Al

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
(12) Patent Application Publication (10) Pub. No.: US 2007/0196507 A1 Majeed Et Al US 200701.96507A1 (19) United States (12) Patent Application Publication (10) Pub. No.: US 2007/0196507 A1 Majeed et al. (43) Pub. Date: Aug. 23, 2007 (54) COMPOSITIONS AND METHODS Related U.S. Application Data CONTAINING HIGH PURITY FATTY ALCOHOL C24 TO C36 FOR COSMETC (62) Division of application No. 10/604.203, filed on Jul. APPLICATIONS 1, 2003, now Pat. No. 7,217,546. (76) Inventors: Muhammed Majeed, Piscataway, NJ Publication Classification (US); Geetha Kanhangad Gangadharan, Bangalore (IN); (51) Int. Cl. Subbalakshmi Prakash, Piscataway, A6II 35/64 (2006.01) NJ (US) (52) U.S. Cl. .............................................................. 424/539 Correspondence Address: SABINSA CORPORATION 7O ETHEL ROAD WEST (57) ABSTRACT UNIT 6 PISCATAWAY, NJ 08854 (US) The present invention discloses the cosmetic applications of (21) Appl. No.: 11/696,187 alkylalkanols collectively referred to as policosanol, for control of sebum secretion, as anti-acne component and as (22) Filed: Apr. 4, 2007 emollient. US 2007/0196507 A1 Aug. 23, 2007 COMPOSITIONS AND METHODS CONTAINING surface of the film is coated with a lipid porous adhesive HGH PURITY FATTY ALCOHOL C24 TO C36 layer that enables the tape to adhere to the skin surface. The FOR COSMETIC APPLICATIONS tape is applied to the skin test site for optimal period of 1 hr. Sebum is absorbed into the tape, displacing the air in the CROSS REFERENCE TO EXISTING microcavities. As this occurs, the lipid-filled cavities become APPLICATION transparent to light. Through this process, the sebum output 0001. This application is a divisional application of U.S. from each follicle forms a sharply defined clear spot, its size patent application Ser. No. 10/604.203 titled “Commercially roughly corresponding to the sebum Volume. viable process for high purity of fatty alcohol C24 to C36 0016. When the sebutape are placed on the black back and its cosmetic application for skin hair and nails' filed on ground of the score card, the sebum on the tape becomes Jul. 1, 2003. clearly visible as black spots. These spots are scored by a panel of cosmetologists on a scale of 0-5. These are pooled BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION and from the mean of the scores, the percentage change is 0002 Policosanol is a natural mixture of higher aliphatic calculated from the control treatment site. primary alcohols (C24-C36) isolated from Sugarcane wax and beeswax. It contains 1-Octacosanol, Triacontanol, Tet 0017. The safety and adverse events like erythema, burn racosanol, Hexacosanol, Heptacosanol. These C to C. ing sensation, itching, urticaria, edema, dermatitis, ochro primary alcohols are also found in Sugarcane wax, ricebran nosis, dryness of skin and any other non specific reactions, wax, beeswax and various vegetable wax. if any, were monitored. 0018. The Policosanol colloidal solution was applied 0003. The structures of these primary alkanols are shown twice a day on one side of the forehead area for seven days. below. Pre-cleansing with soap/water was done before applications. The following observations were made C2 Tetracosanol CH(CH2)2CH2OH 0.019, 2% and 5% Policosanol colloidal solution was C2. Hexacosanol CH(CH2)2CH2OH found to be safe for local application. It did not show any C28 Octacosanol CH(CH2)2CH2OH significant side effects and is safe for use on skin Co Triacontanol CH(CH2)2CH2OH C36 Tetratriacontanol CH3(CH2)2CH2OH 0020 Topical application of the Policosanol colloidal C27 Heptacosanol CH(CH2)2CH2OH Solution was found to decrease the sebum secretion in a concentration dependent manner. The 2% Policosanol solu tion reduced the sebum levels by about 11%, while 5% 0004 C. Tetracosanol CH (CH)2CH2OH solution reduced sebum secretion by 27%. 0005 C. Hexacosanol CH (CH2)CH-OH 0021. Both the self-assessment and the assessment by the panel of cosmetologist revealed that 100% of the subjects 0006 Cs Octacosanol CH (CH2)CH-OH showed marked decrease in sebum release. 0007 Co Triacontanol CH (CH)CHOH 0022. The colloidal solution was found to be effective in 0008 C. Tetratriacontanol CH (CH) CH-OH people with moderately high oily skin (scores >3.5). 0009 C, Heptacosanol CH (CH) CH-OH 0023. Additionally, one surprising observation was that 00.10 Evaluation of Policosanol on Sebum Levels in Policosanol treatment protected the 1.2 Hexanediol induced Human Volunteers dryness of skin and made the skin Smooth and soft. 0011 Study Methodology and Administration TABLE 1. 0012 Sixteen healthy males of between 18 and 25 years of age were included in the study after they had signed the Effect of Policosanol on the sebum secretion in human volunteers informed consent form. The main inclusion criterion was Sebum secretion Percentage those with oily skin (scores >4 on a 0-5 scale). All the (Mean Scores of reduction of Subjects were required to abstain from taking drugs, apply sebutape by a five sebum ing cosmetic products to their skin and exposing themselves Groups member panel) release to Sunlight or any other source of ultraviolet radiation Control 4.2 + 0.49 throughout the duration of the study. 296 3.71 - 0.41 11.6% Policosanol 0013 2% or 5% Policosanol colloidal solution in 1.2 (n = 8) 59 3.29 - O.33 27.66% hexanediol was applied (0.2 ml) for seven days, twice daily, Policosanol on the forehead. One side of forehead being treatment and (n = 8) the other side being the control (1.2 hexanediol treatment). 0014. The efficacy was evaluated based on self-assess ment and on the assessment of a panel of five independent 0024 Anti-microbial Study against Propionibacterium cosmetologists, visually, using Sebutape (CuIDerm Corp., CaS Dallas, Tex.). 0025 To carry out the antibacterial activity of the prod 0.015 The sebutape is made of microporous, hydrophobic ucts against Pr: acnes, the organism was first cultured in the polymeric film composed of many tiny air cavities. The anaerobic environment for which the anaerobic chamber US 2007/0196507 A1 Aug. 23, 2007 was used. To standardize the growth of anaerobic culture of Pr: acnes in the anaerobic chamber, different culture media -continued were used. 0026. The anaerobic chamber Model 8301-230, 3 ft Conc. polymer used in the study was purchased from COY of the Zone of inhibition LABORATORY, USA which is provided with an automatic sample (in mm) Air lock purge system. 0027. The anaerobic condition in the chamber was main SI. No. (%) Policosanol Clindamycin tained by initialization with N gas and then the mixture of gases of N+H+CO in the proportion 80+10+10. Two gas 4 O.S O.O O.O tank arrangement was made wherein only Na was connected to the transfer chamber and mixed gas to the main chamber 5 O.O1 O.O O.O using Gassing Manifold (Hrishi Biotech, Pune, India) 0028 Preparation of Anaerobic Media 0036) As seen in the results above, Policosanol is effec 0029. The anaerobic media were prepared by heating the tively inhibiting Propionibacterium acnes in concentrations media while passing the mixture of gases of N and CO in above 1% and the activity is comparable with Clindamycin 4:1 proportion simultaneously. The media were added with gel. Inhibition of anaerobic organisms coupled with a redox indicator resaZurin: 0.001% which is colorless in decrease in sebum Secretion complements to its use in the presence of anaerobiasis and shows blue color in its cosmetic formulations to control acne, as anti-seborrhea and absence. It was dispensed to 30/20/10 ml vials and sealed antimicrobial, additionally could provide moisturizing prop with rubbers and aluminum clamps and sterilized by auto claving at 121° C. for minutes erties. Policosanol could be used alone or in combination with other antibacterial, blemish erasers, sunscreen boosters 0030 Antimicrobial Study amongst others. 0031 Preparation of the inoculum The culture used in the 0037 Cosmetic Formulations based on Policosanol are study is Propionibacterium acnes ATCC 11827. The culture described in the following examples. from the broth was inoculated to the fresh medium in vials (10%) and incubated for 48 hours at 37° C. The optical density (OD) of the culture at 625 nm was measured. It was EXAMPLE 3 maintained between 0.64 and 0.80 which contains approxi mately 12x10 cells/ml 4.0 MC Farland standard Sebum Control Anti-acne Cream 0032) Procedure 0038 0033 Medium used for this study was reinforced clostridial agar (RCA). The medium that was prepared and sterilized in 30-ml vials was poured into the plates inside the Percentage chamber and allowed to solidify. Actives 0034. The culture was inoculated 0.3 ml/plate into the plates and spread. After 30 minutes, antibacterial sterile Boswellin CG O.2 discs 6 mm) were dispensed (2/plate). 2.5, 5.0. 7.5 and 10 Policosanol 1.O ul of the prepared samples and controls were dispensed onto Coleus oil 2.O Vit E 1.O the discs. The plates were incubated inside the anaerobic THP O.1 chamber at 37° C. for 48 hours duration. Passives 0035 Policosanol in different concentrations (0.1-2%) Cetyl Alcohol 4.0 prepared in 12 Hexanediol was used as vehicle for the study Glyceryl monostearate 3.0 with 1.2 Hexanediol as control. Clindac A (Clindamycin Cetostearyl alcohol 3.0 Phosphate Gel 1% w/w) was used as positive control. The Isopropyl myristate 2.O clearance Zone formed around the discs were measured and Myristyl myristate 1.O expressed in mm. The results of the study are given below Light liquid paraffin S.O Cetyl palmitate 1.O BHT 1.O BHA O.S Conc. CM-1OOO 2.O of the Zone of inhibition Glycerin 2.O sample in mm EDTA tetra sodium O.O2 DM Water 71.O SI.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Effects of a Policosanol Supplement on Serum Lipid Concentrations In
    Downloaded from https://www.cambridge.org/core British Journal of Nutrition (2006), 95, 968–975 DOI: 10.1079/BJN20061715 q The Authors 2006 Effects of a policosanol supplement on serum lipid concentrations in . IP address: hypercholesterolaemic and heterozygous familial hypercholesterolaemic subjects 170.106.40.139 A. Greyling, C. De Witt, W. Oosthuizen and J. C. Jerling* , on School of Physiology, Nutrition and Consumer Sciences, North-West University (Potchefstroom Campus), South Africa 25 Sep 2021 at 08:49:47 (Received 28 June 2005 – Revised 28 November 2005 – Accepted 2 December 2005) Policosanol is a mixture of higher aliphatic primary alcohols that is extracted from purified sugar cane wax or a variety of other plant sources, and has been shown to have beneficial effects on serum lipid concentrations. The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of a policosanol , subject to the Cambridge Core terms of use, available at supplement (Octa-60) on lipid profiles of hypercholesterolaemic and heterozygous familial hypercholesterolaemic subjects. Nineteen hypercholes- terolaemic and familial hypercholesterolaemic subjects completed this randomised, placebo-controlled, double-blind study. The subjects received either a daily dose of 20 mg policosanol or placebo for 12 weeks. After a wash-out period of 4 weeks, the interventions were crossed over. Lipid levels were measured at baseline and at the end of each intervention period. No significant differences in total cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol from baseline to end or between policosanol and placebo were seen in the hypercholesterolaemic or familial hypercholesterolaemic groups. There were small reductions in total cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol from baseline to end in the hypercholesterolaemic group, but these changes did not differ significantly from the changes with the placebo, indicating that the observed decrease in cholesterol in the policosanol group was not due to the specific effect of policosanol treatment.
    [Show full text]
  • Category Approaches, Read-Across, (Q)SAR Technical Report No
    Category approaches, Read-across, (Q)SAR Technical Report No. 116 EUROPEAN CENTRE FOR ECOTOXICOLOGY AND TOXICOLOGY OF CHEMICALS Category approaches, Read-across, (Q)SAR Technical Report No. 116 Brussels, November 2012 ISSN-0773-8072-116 (print) ISSN-2079-1526-116 (online) Category approaches, Read-across, (Q)SAR ECETOC Technical Report No. 116 © Copyright – ECETOC AISBL European Centre for Ecotoxicology and Toxicology of Chemicals 2 Avenue E. Van Nieuwenhuyse (Bte 8), B-1160 Brussels, Belgium. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, copied, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise without the prior written permission of the copyright holder. Applications to reproduce, store, copy or translate should be made to the Secretary General. ECETOC welcomes such applications. Reference to the document, its title and summary may be copied or abstracted in data retrieval systems without subsequent reference. The content of this document has been prepared and reviewed by experts on behalf of ECETOC with all possible care and from the available scientific information. It is provided for information only. ECETOC cannot accept any responsibility or liability and does not provide a warranty for any use or interpretation of the material contained in the publication. ECETOC TR No. 116 Category approaches, Read-across, (Q)SAR Category approaches, Read-across, (Q)SAR TABLE OF CONTENTS SUMMARY 1 1. INTRODUCTION 3 1.1 Terms of reference 4 1.2 Scope 5 1.3 Roadmap of the report 6 2. DEFINITIONS FOR NON-TESTING APPROACHES 8 2.1 Data gap filling 9 2.1.1 Read-across 9 2.1.2 Trend analysis and computational methods based on internal models 13 2.1.3 External (Q)SAR models and expert systems 14 3.
    [Show full text]
  • Bristol-Myers Squibb Company
    Bristol-Myers Squibb Company Rx only COUMADIN TABLETS Anticoagulant (Warfarin Sodium Tablets, USP) Crystalline COUMADIN FOR INJECTION (Warfarin Sodium for Injection, USP) DESCRIPTION COUMADIN (crystalline warfarin sodium) is an anticoagulant which acts by inhibiting vitamin K-dependent coagulation factors. Chemically, it is 3-(α-acetonylbenzyl)-4- hydroxycoumarin and is a racemic mixture of the R- and S-enantiomers. Crystalline warfarin sodium is an isopropanol clathrate. The crystallization of warfarin sodium virtually eliminates trace impurities present in amorphous warfarin. Its empirical formula is C19H15NaO4, and its structural formula may be represented by the following: O O H C ONa CH2COCH3 Crystalline warfarin sodium occurs as a white, odorless, crystalline powder, is discolored by light and is very soluble in water; freely soluble in alcohol; very slightly soluble in chloroform and in ether. COUMADIN Tablets for oral use also contain: All strengths: Lactose, starch and magnesium stearate 1 mg: D&C Red No. 6 Barium Lake 2 mg: FD&C Blue No. 2 Aluminum Lake and FD&C Red No. 40 Aluminum Lake 2-1/2 mg: D&C Yellow No. 10 Aluminum Lake and FD&C Blue No. 1 Aluminum Lake 3 mg: FD&C Yellow No. 6 Aluminum Lake, FD&C Blue No. 2 Aluminum Lake and FD&C Red No. 40 Aluminum Lake 4 mg: FD&C Blue No. 1 Aluminum Lake 5 mg: FD&C Yellow No. 6 Aluminum Lake 1 Approved 1.0 proposed.pdf Page 001 Bristol-Myers Squibb Company 6 mg: FD&C Yellow No. 6 Aluminum Lake and FD&C Blue No. 1 Aluminum Lake 7-1/2 mg: D&C Yellow No.
    [Show full text]
  • Student Number: 201477310
    COPYRIGHT AND CITATION CONSIDERATIONS FOR THIS THESIS/ DISSERTATION o Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use. o NonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes. o ShareAlike — If you remix, transform, or build upon the material, you must distribute your contributions under the same license as the original. How to cite this thesis Surname, Initial(s). (2012) Title of the thesis or dissertation. PhD. (Chemistry)/ M.Sc. (Physics)/ M.A. (Philosophy)/M.Com. (Finance) etc. [Unpublished]: University of Johannesburg. Retrieved from: https://ujcontent.uj.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Index?site_name=Research%20Output (Accessed: Date). Metabolomics, Physicochemical Properties and Mycotoxin Reduction of Whole Grain Ting (a Southern African fermented food) Produced via Natural and Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) fermentation A Thesis submitted to the Faculty of Science, University of Johannesburg, South Africa In partial fulfilment of the requirement for the award of a Doctoral Degree in Food Technology By OLUWAFEMI AYODEJI ADEBO STUDENT NUMBER: 201477310 Supervisor : Dr. E. Kayitesi Co-supervisor: Prof. P. B. Njobeh October 2018 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Drought and challenges related to climate change are some of the issues facing sub-Saharan Africa countries, with dire consequences on agriculture and food security. Due to this prevailing situation, drought and climate resistant crops like sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L) Moench) can adequately contribute to food security. The versatility and importance of sorghum is well reflected in its use as a major food source for millions of people in sub-Saharan Africa.
    [Show full text]
  • Muhammed Majeed, Ph.D. & Lakshmi Prakash
    POLICOSANOL NATURALLY HEALTHFUL FROM THE INSIDE & OUT …from sugarcane wax presented by Authors: Muhammed Majeed, Ph.D. & Lakshmi Prakash, Ph.D. [email protected] www.sabinsa.com www.sabinsacosmetics.com WHAT IS POLICOSANOL? Policosanol is a natural mixture of higher aliphatic alcohols, found in plant waxes. Sugarcane wax is a common commercial source. The components of policosanol include 1-octacosanol, 1- dotriacontanol, 1-tetracosanol, 1-tetratria-contanol, 1-hexacosanol, 1- heptacosanol and 1-nonacosanol. This mixture of alcohols is clinically proven to be effective in maintaining normal cholesterol levels. Preclinical and clinical studies published in scientific literature reveal that Policosanol beneficially influences cholesterol metabolism (Gouni-Berthold, 2002; Menindez, 1994; Menindez, 1996). The healthful role of policosanol in cosmetic and personal care formulations is described in a recent US Patent (Majeed, et al., 2007) that details a solvent free extraction process for policosanol from natural sources. This patent describes an innovative process for producing commercial quantities of policosanol containing 70 to 95 percent C28 fatty alcohol (Octacosanol) along with other lower chain length fatty alcohols, for use in cosmeceutical applications designed to control sebum, inhibit the growth of microbes and promote hydration and softening of the skin. Moreover, the process of extraction is solvent free so that it has low environmental impact. © 2007 Sabinsa Corporation 2 of 13 CARDIOVASCULAR BENEFITS Effects on cholesterol metabolism (Gouni-Berthold, et al.; 2002) and antioxidant benefits that prevent the oxidation of LDL-cholesterol, are reported to be responsible for the healthful effects of policosanol (Menindez, et al., 2000). In clinical studies, `Policosanol was shown to be effective in lowering both total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, the 'bad' cholesterol and to increase levels of the 'good' type of cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol (Gouni- Berthold, et al.; 2002).
    [Show full text]
  • Viscous Soluble Fiber Combined with Phytosterols and Policosanol Reduces Ldl-Cholesterol and Increases Hdl-Cholesterol in Hypercholesterolemia
    Current Topics in Nutraceutical Research Vol. 5, No. 1, pp. 1-6, 2007 ISSN 1540-7535 print, Copyright © 2006 by New Century Health Publishers, LLC www.newcenturyhealthpublishers.com All rights of reproduction in any form reserved VISCOUS SOLUBLE FIBER COMBINED WITH PHYTOSTEROLS AND POLICOSANOL REDUCES LDL-CHOLESTEROL AND INCREASES HDL-CHOLESTEROL IN HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIA Peter J.E. Verdegem Research and Development Department, Unicity International, 1201 North 800 East, Orem, UT 84097 [Manuscript Received December 1, 2006; Manuscript Accepted: March 1, 2007] ABSTRACT: This pilot study investigates the efficacy of a successful, followed by pharmaceutical interventions, such as combination of nutraceuticals in improving lipid levels. The statins, fibrates, and bile-acid sequestrants. In the last decades, tested product combines viscous soluble fiber with phytosterols, an increasing number of non-pharmaceutical intervention policosanol, and an extract of Chrysanthemum morifolium. All therapies has been developed, and tested in randomized four ingredients have been shown to have cholesterol-lowering clinical trials. Examples are viscous soluble fiber, (Anderson et potential, but all through different biological mechanisms. The al. , 1999; Anderson et al. , 2000; Chandalia, 2000; Jenkins test product is the first to combine these four cholesterol-lowering et al. , 2002; Knopp et al. , 1999; Sprecher and Pearce, 2002) mechanisms in one product. Twenty-five subjects completed an phytosterols, and phytostanols, (Jenkins et al. , 2005; 8-week open label study design. The product was taken twice McPherson et al. , 2005; Plat and Mensink, 2005; Thompson, daily before the main meals. Fasting lipid panels were measured 2005; von Bergmann et al. , 2005) and policosanol. (Castano at baseline, 4, and 8 weeks.
    [Show full text]
  • Comparative Effect of Nutraceuticals on Lipid Profile: a Protocol for Systematic Review and Network Meta-­Analysis
    Open access Protocol BMJ Open: first published as 10.1136/bmjopen-2019-032755 on 20 August 2020. Downloaded from Comparative effect of nutraceuticals on lipid profile: a protocol for systematic review and network meta- analysis Jakub Morze ,1 Tadeusz Osadnik,2,3 Kamila Osadnik,2 Mateusz Lejawa,2 Grzegorz Jakubiak,2 Natalia Pawlas ,2 Mariusz Gasior,4 Lukas Schwingshackl,5 Maciej Banach6,7,8 To cite: Morze J, Osadnik T, ABSTRACT Strengths and limitations of this study Osadnik K, et al. Comparative Introduction According to the common definition, effect of nutraceuticals on nutraceuticals are components found in food that can act ► This network meta- analysis will be the first to ex- lipid profile: a protocol for as therapeutic substances. Recently, the International Lipid systematic review and network plore the comparative effectiveness of different nu- Expert Panel published two position papers covering the meta- analysis. BMJ Open traceuticals on lipid profile. topic of lipid- lowering nutraceuticals and their potential 2020;10:e032755. doi:10.1136/ ► Results of our review will address the question use as a complementary treatment in addition to statins bmjopen-2019-032755 which nutraceutical is the most promising in terms or as an alternative treatment in statin- intolerant patients. of lowering plasma lipids. ► Prepublication history and The aim of this study was to compare the effect of ► Variations in trial design, base patient character- additional material for this different nutraceuticals on lipid profiles in a systematic paper are available online. To istics, doses and administration mode of nutra- review with pairwise and network meta- analyses. view these files, please visit ceuticals, which may increase heterogeneity and Methods and analysis Three databases, including the journal online (http:// dx.
    [Show full text]
  • Product Monograph
    PRODUCT MONOGRAPH PrCOUMADIN* Warfarin Sodium Tablets, Bristol-Myers Squibb Std., (crystalline) 1, 2, 2.5, 3, 4, 5, 6 and 10 mg Anticoagulant Bristol-Myers Squibb Canada Date of Revision: Montreal, Canada. 10 March 2011 *TM of Bristol-Myers Squibb Pharma Company used under licence by Bristol-Myers Squibb Canada Control No.: 145303 1 PRODUCT MONOGRAPH PrCOUMADIN* Warfarin Sodium Tablets, Bristol-Myers Squibb Std., (crystalline) 1, 2, 2.5, 3, 4, 5, 6 and 10 mg THERAPEUTIC CLASSIFICATION Anticoagulant ACTION AND CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY COUMADIN (warfarin sodium) and other coumarin anticoagulants act by inhibiting the synthesis of Vitamin K dependent clotting factors, which include Factors II, VII, IX and X, and the anticoagulant proteins C and S. Half-lives of these clotting factors are as follows: Factor II - 60 hours, VII - 4-6 hours, IX - 24 hours, and X - 48-72 hours. The half-lives of proteins C and S are approximately 8 hours and 30 hours, respectively. The resultant in vivo effect is a sequential depression of Factors VII, IX, X and II. Vitamin K is an essential cofactor for the post ribosomal synthesis of the vitamin K dependent clotting factors. The vitamin promotes the biosynthesis of g- carboxyglutamic acid residues in the proteins which are essential for biological activity. Warfarin is thought to interfere with clotting factor synthesis by inhibition of the regeneration of vitamin K1 epoxide. The degree of depression is dependent upon the dosage administered. Therapeutic doses of warfarin decrease the total amount of the active form of each vitamin K dependent clotting factor made by the liver by approximately 30% to 50%.
    [Show full text]
  • Pharmacy Program and Drug Formulary
    Pharmacy Program and Drug Formulary Secure Horizons Group Retiree Medicare Advantage Plan n Pharmacy Program Description n Platinum Plus Enhanced Formulary California Benefits Effective January 1, 2006 Table of Contents Your Secure Horizons Group Retiree Medicare Advantage Plan Prescription Drug Benefit........................................................................................................ iii Secure Horizons Pharmacy Program Definitions .................................................................... iii What Is the Platinum Plus Enhanced Formulary? ....................................................................iv Where to Have Your Prescriptions Filled .................................................................................iv Preferred and Non-Preferred Network Pharmacies .................................................................iv Network Preferred Pharmacy Locations ..................................................................................iv How to Fill a Prescription at a Network Pharmacy ...................................................................v Mail Service Pharmacy ..............................................................................................................v Secure Horizons Group Retiree Medicare Advantage Plan Offers a Two-Part Prescription Drug Benefit ..........................................................................vii Part 1 – Medicare Part D Prescription Drug Coverage ...................................................vii How Your Medicare
    [Show full text]
  • Sorghum: Variability of Nutrients and Bioactive Compounds and Their Heat Processing Stability
    LEANDRO DE MORAIS CARDOSO SORGHUM: VARIABILITY OF NUTRIENTS AND BIOACTIVE COMPOUNDS AND THEIR HEAT PROCESSING STABILITY Tese apresentada à Universidade Federal de Viçosa, como parte das exigências do Programa de Pós- Graduação em Ciência da Nutrição, para obtenção do título de Doctor Scientiae. VIÇOSA MINAS GERAIS - BRASIL 2014 i FichaCatalografica :: Fichacatalografica https://www3.dti.ufv.br/bbt/ficha/cadastrarficha/visua... Ficha catalográfica preparada pela Biblioteca Central da Universidade Federal de Viçosa - Câmpus Viçosa T Cardoso, Leandro de Morais, 1984- C268s Sorghum : variability of nutrients and bioactive 2014 compounds and their heat processing stability / Leandro de Morais Cardoso. - Viçosa, MG, 2014. xi, 112f. : il. (algumas color.) ; 29 cm. Orientador : Helena Maria Pinheiro Sant Ana. Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Federal de Viçosa. Inclui bibliografia. 1. Sorgo - Nutrientes. 2. Antioxidantes. 3. Flavonóides. 4. Carotenóides. 5. Vitamina E. I. Universidade Federal de Viçosa. Departamento de Nutrição e Saúde. Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciência da Nutrição. II. Título. CDD 22. ed. 633.62 2 de 3 07-03-2016 14:04 LEANDRO DE MORAIS CARDOSO SORGHUM: VARIABILITY OF NUTRIENTS AND BIOACTIVE COMPOUNDS AND THEIR HEAT PROCESSING STABILITY Tese apresentada à Universidade Federal de Viçosa, como parte das exigências do Programa de Pós- Graduação em Ciência da Nutrição, para obtenção do título de Doctor Scientiae. APROVADA: 25 de novembro de 2014. Hércia Stampini Duarte Martino Ana Vládia Bandeira Moreira (Coorientadora) Mônica Ribeiro Pirozi Valéria Aparecida Vieira Queiroz Helena Maria Pinheiro Sant’Ana (Orientadora) Dedico aos meus pais Maria e Antônio Paulo, às minhas irmãs Graciliane, Simone e Paloma e à minha namorada Soraia. AGRADECIMENTOS À Universidade Federal de Viçosa e ao Departamento de Nutrição e Saúde (DNS) pela oportunidade de realização do doutorado.
    [Show full text]
  • Helping Patients Achieve a Cholesterol Level Below 150 Mg/Dl Without Drugs
    Dynamic Chiropractic – April 9, 2007, Vol. 25, Issue 08 Helping Patients Achieve a Cholesterol Level Below 150 mg/dL Without Drugs An Important Objective in the Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease By James P. Meschino, DC, MS In recent years, medical practitioners have increasingly relied on statin drugs (HMG CoA reductase inhibitors), such as atorvastatin, lovastatin, fluvastatin, pravastatin, and rosuvastin, as a primary method to reduce high cholesterol. Statin drugs primarily work by blocking the production of cholesterol within the liver. These drugs have been shown to reduce total cholesterol levels by approximately 20 percent to 40 percent and reduce LDL cholesterol by a reported 27 percent to 55 percent. Statin drugs also have a modest effect on raising HDL and lowering triglyceride blood levels. 7 Overall, clinical studies have suggested that statin drugs reduce the risk of heart attack by approximately 30 percent over five years of treatment. 3,10,14,15,19,22,23 Drug companies indicate that the incidence of significant side effects associated with statin drugs is low: approximately 1 percent to 2 percent for serious muscle damage and liver dysfunction (usually represented as an increase in liver enzyme laboratory tests). 7 However, some physicians who prescribe these drugs indicate that side effects are much more common. A survey by a prominent American cardiologist suggests muscle aches and weakness occur in approximately 30 percent of patients who take statins. The survey further suggested patients who take a statin drug often develop annoying, sometimes incapacitating muscle aches and weakness that abruptly stop when they discontinue use of the drug, and return when drug use is resumed.
    [Show full text]
  • (12) United States Patent (10) Patent No.: US 7,141,611 B2 Gamble Et Al
    US007 141611B2 (12) United States Patent (10) Patent No.: US 7,141,611 B2 Gamble et al. (45) Date of Patent: *Nov. 28, 2006 (54) HIGH MOLECULAR WEIGHT PRIMARY C07C 29/76 (2006.01) ALPHATIC ALCOHOLS OBTANED FROM C07C 29/28 (2006.01) NATURAL PRODUCTS AND USES THEREOF CD7C 29/86 (2006.01) (75) Inventors: William R. Gamble, Longmont, CO (52) U.S. Cl. ...................... 514/724; 514/164:568/840; (US); Zhengjie Liu, Superior, CO 568/913:568/918 (US); David T. Bailey, Boulder, CO (58) Field of Classification Search ................ 514/164, (US); Pedro P. Perez, Hialeah, FL 514/724; 568/840,913, 918 (US); Dean P. Stull, Longmont, CO See application file for complete search history. (US); Steven L. Richheimer, Westminster, CO (US); Rebecca L. (56) References Cited Nichols, Broomfield, CO (US); Rod U.S. PATENT DOCUMENTS Lenoble, Westminster, CO (US) 5,663,156 A * 9/1997 Granja et al. ............... 514, 164 (73) Assignee: Wyeth, Madison, NJ (US) 6,235,795 B1* 5/2001 Hernandez et al. ......... 514,724 (*) Notice: Subject to any disclaimer, the term of this 6,423,697 B1 * 7/2002 Friedman .................... 514, 164 patent is extended or adjusted under 35 6,596,776 B1* 7/2003 Gamble et al. ............. 514,724 U.S.C. 154(b) by 0 days. * cited by examiner This patent is Subject to a terminal dis claimer. Primary Examiner Peter O'Sullivan (74) Attorney, Agent, or Firm Hogan & Hartson, LLP (21) Appl. No.: 10/622,249 (57) ABSTRACT (22) Filed: Jul.18, 2003 This invention provides an isolated mixture of higher (65) Prior Publication Data molecular weight primary aliphatic alcohols having 20, 22.
    [Show full text]