Siyaset Sosyolojisi Devletler, Sivil Toplumlar Ve Küreselleşme

SİYASET SOSYOLOJİSİ DEVLETLER, SİVİL TOPLUMLAR VE KÜRESELLEŞME

İçindekiler

GİRİŞ Yeni Bin Yılda Siyaset Sosyolojisi ...... 9 Alexander M. Hicks, Thomas Janoski ve Mildred A. Schwartz Çeviren: Elçin Deniz Ela ve Soner Torlak

1. KISIM SİYASET SOSYOLOJİSİ KURAMLARI ...... 17

1. BÖLÜM Kural Koyma, Kurallara Karşı Gelme ve İktidar...... 19 Frances Fox Piven ve Richard A. Cloward Çeviren: Sibel Dinçel

2. BÖLÜM Siyaset Sosyolojisinde Yeni‐Çoğulculuk ve Yeni‐İşlevselcilik ...... 51 Alexander Hicks ve Frank J. Lechner Çeviren: Macide Ö. Karaduman

3. BÖLÜM Siyaset Sosyolojisinde Sosyal Çatışma Kuramları ...... 75 Axel van den Berg ve Thomas Janoski Çeviren: Öykü Terzioğlu, Fatih Kocaman, Burak Otluoğlu

4. BÖLÜM Devlet Merkezci ve Siyasal Kurumsal Teori: Geçmişe ve Bugüne Bakış ...... 109 Edwin Amenta Çeviren: Ezgi Pınar

5. BÖLÜM Kültür, Bilinç, Siyaset...... 135 James M. Jasper Çeviren: Elçin Deniz Ela

5 6. BÖLÜM Siyaset Sosyolojisinde Feminist Kuramlaştırma ve Feminizmler ...... 163 Barbara Hobson Çeviren: Elçin Deniz Ela

7. BÖLÜM Post‐yapısalcı Söylem Teorisi: Foucault, Laclau, Mouffe ve Žižek ...... 187 Jacob Torfing Çeviren: Ajdan Küçükçiftçi

8. BÖLÜM Siyaset Sosyolojisinde Akılcı Seçim Kuramları ...... 211 Edgar Kiser ve Shawn Bauldry Çeviren: Ceren Kuşçuoğlu

9. BÖLÜM Irk ve Devlet Kuramları...... 231 David R. James ve Kent Redding Çeviren: Bahar Kınacı

2. KISIM SİVİL TOPLUM: SİYASAL EYLEMİN KÖKLERİ VE SÜREÇLERİ ...... 249

10. BÖLÜM Para, Katılım ve Oylar...... 251 Jeff Manza, Clem Brooks ve Michael Sauder Çeviren: Koray Büyüktuncer – İsmail Karatekin

11. BÖLÜM Kamuoyu, Siyasi Tutumlar ve İdeoloji ...... 283 David L. Weakliem Çeviren: Duygu Tanış

12. BÖLÜM Karşılaştırmalı Bakış Açısıyla Milliyetçilik...... 309 Liah Greenfeld ve Jonathan Eastwood Çeviren: Ceren Kuşçuoğlu

13. BÖLÜM Siyasi Partiler: Toplumsal Tabanları, Örgütler ve Çevre ...... 333 Mildred A. Scwartz ve Kay Lawson Çeviren: Elçin Deniz Ela

14. BÖLÜM Örgütlü Çıkar Grupları ve Politik Ağlar ...... 361 Francisco J. Granados ve David Knoke Çeviren: Mehmet Sait Türk

15. BÖLÜM Şirket Denetimi, Firmalararası İlişkiler ve Şirket İktidarı...... 391 Mark S. Mizruchi ve Deborah M. Bey Çeviren: Sinem Mengi

6 16. BÖLÜM Toplumsal Hareketler ve Toplumsal Değişim ...... 419 J. Caig ve William Form Çeviren: Olcay Sevimli

17. BÖLÜM Haber Medyasının Siyasal Bir Sosyolojisine Doğru...... 447 Michael Schudson ve Silvio Waisbord Çeviren: Ceren Kuşçuoğlu

3. KISIM DEVLET VE GÖRÜNÜMLERİ ...... 467

18. BÖLÜM Avrupa’da Devlet Oluşumu ve Devlet Kuruluşu ...... 469 Thomas Ertman Çeviren: Sevim Özdemir ‐ Olcay Sevimli

19. BÖLÜM Demokrasiye Geçişler...... 493 John Markoff Çeviren: Yasemin Koç

20. BÖLÜM Devrimler ve Devrimci Hareketler...... 519 Jeff Goodwin Çeviren: Soner Torlak

21. BÖLÜM Rejimler ve İhtilaf ...... 545 Charles Tilly Çeviren: Doğuş Özdemir

22. BÖLÜM Neo‐Korporatizmin Teori ve Pratikleri ...... 571 Wolfgang Streek ve Lane Kenworthy Çeviren: Ahsen Yalvaç

23. BÖLÜM Yirminci Yüzyıl ve Ötesinde Gayridemokratik Siyaset ...... 595 Vivien Brachet‐Márquez Çeviren: İmren Cerit ‐ Soner Torlak

24. BÖLÜM Devlet Bürokrasisi: Siyaset ve Politikalar...... 627 Charles Tilly Çeviren: Ceren Kuşçuoğlu

7 4. KISIM DEVLET POLİTİKASI VE YENİLİKLER ...... 657

25. BÖLÜM Refah Devleti ve Kamu Politikası Üzerine Karşılaştırmalı ve Tarihsel Çalışmalar...... 659 Alexander Hicks ve Gosta Esping‐Andersen Çeviren: Ceren Kuşçuoğlu

26. BÖLÜM Kadın, Toplumsal Cinsiyet ve Devlet Politikaları...... 681 Joya Misra ve Leslie King Çeviren: Elçin Deniz Ela

27. BÖLÜM Irkçı Politikaların Siyaseti...... 709 Kent Redding, David R. James ve Joshua Klugman Çeviren: Ceren Kuşçuoğlu

28. BÖLÜM Savaş, Militarizm ve Devletler: Siyaset Sosyolojisinin Kavrayışları ve Kör Noktaları ...... 737 Gregory Hooks ve James Rice Çeviren: Elçin Deniz Ela

5. KISIM KÜRESELLEŞME VE SİYASET SOSYOLOJİSİ...... 763

29. BÖLÜM Küreselleşme...... 765 Philip McMichael Çeviren: Gülgün Küçükören

30. BÖLÜM Küresel Kapitalizmde Devletin Ekonomik ve Sosyal Politikası ...... 791 Evelyne Huber ve John D. Stephens Çeviren: Olcay Sevimli ‐ Soner Torlak

31. BÖLÜM Göç ve Ulusal Entegrasyon Politikaları...... 821 Thomas Janoski ve Fengjuan Wang Çeviren: Ceren Kuşçuoğlu

32. BÖLÜM Karşı‐Hegemonik Küreselleşme: Çağdaş Küresel Politik Ekonomide Ulusaşırı Toplumsal Hareketler ...... 853 Peter Evans Çeviren: Tuğçe Kılınç

KAYNAKÇA...... 873

DİZİN ...... 999

GİRİŞ Yeni Bin Yılda Siyaset Sosyolojisi

Alexander M. Hicks, Thomas Janoski ve Mildred A. Schwartz

Modern siyaset sosyolojisi bir yüzyıldan fazladır var olsa da, İkinci Dünya Savaşı sonundaki zafer ile Vietnam Savaşı karşıtı hareketler arasındaki on yıllarda kendini bulmuştur. Siyasi araştırmaların yönünü belirlemede özellikle önemli olan ve di‐ ğerlerinden farklı olarak “siyasetin toplumsal temelleri”ne odaklanan Seymour Martin Lipset’in Politik İnsan’ı (1960) yirmi ülkede yayımlanmış ve Sosyal Bilimler Atıf Endeksi tarafından bir “atıf klasiği” kabul edilmiştir. Siyasetin toplumsal temel‐ lerinin dönüştürücü potansiyelleri, William G. Domhoff’un ilgiyi kapitalist iktidara yönelten Amerika’yı Kim Yönetiyor?’u (1967); William Gamson’ın iktidarın çıkar gruplarından toplumsal hareketlere kadar değişen popüler dayanak noktalarına dikkat çeken Toplumsal Protesto’nun Stratejisi (1975); ve James Petras ve Maurice Zeitlin’in işgücü hareketlerinin politikasına ilgi uyandıran Latin Amerika: Reform ve Devrim’iyle çoğulcu kuramsal gelenekten uzaklaşarak yeniden yönlendirilmiştir. Devlet merkezli kurumsallaşmanın 1980’lerdeki tırmanışı Peter Evans, Dietrich Rueschemeyer ve Theda Skocpol tarafından hazırlanan Devleti Geri Getirmek (1985) ile siyaset sosyolojisine çok önemli bir etkide bulunmuştur. Bu dönemin çalışmaları ortak olarak, siyasal yöntemler ve sonuçlarının toplumsal sınırlamaları ile devlet yapılarının farklı ülkelerde çeşitli sonuçlara nasıl yol açtığına değinmişlerdir. 1980’lerin başından beri, siyaset sosyolojisi Michael Foucault (1979, 1980, 1998a, 1998b) ve diğer post‐yapısalcı veya kültürel eksenli kuramcıların; feminiz‐ min (Butler,1990; Hobson, 1990; Hobson ve Lindholm,1997; Young, 1990), modern‐ leşme kuramının (Goldberg, 2002; Omi ve Winant, 1994; Winant, 2001); akılcı seçim kuramının (Coleman, 1966; Hechter, 1987; Lage ve Garrett, 1985, 1987; North, 1990; Tsebellis, 1990, 1999; Wallerstein 1999) benzersiz ve etkili bakış açılarını da içerme‐

9 ye başlamıştır. Diğer bakış açıları ile birlikte bunların tümü çoğulcu, poli‐ tik/ekonomik ve devlet merkezli kuramların kuramsal baskınlığını sarsmıştır. Bugün siyaset sosyolojisi, sosyolojinin en önemli alanlarından biri olarak göze çarpmaktadır. Yayımlanmış makalelerinin ve kitaplarının paylaşımı etkileyicidir. Örneğin; 1999’da American Journal of Sociology ve American Sociological Review’daki makalelerin yüzde 17 ila 20’si ve Amerikan sosyolojisinin en önemli eleştiri dergisi olan Contemporary Sociology tarafından incelenen kitapların yaklaşık yüzde 20’ si siyaset sosyolojisi ile ilgilidir. Aralarında Seymour Martin Lipset, William Gamson ve Jill Quadagno’nun da bulunduğu pek çok siyaset sosyologu, Amerikan Sosyoloji Birliği’nin (ASA) başkanı olarak hizmet vermişlerdir. ASA’nın siyaset sosyolojisi bölümü ortalamanın üstündeki bir oranda üye çekmeye devam etmektedir1. Tüm canlılığına rağmen bu alan, değişkenliğini sürdürmekte, aşağıdaki yöntemler ve kuramsal dönüşümlerce harekete geçirilmektedir. Öncelikle devlet ve ardından siyaset merkezli olmasına rağmen Theda Skocpol ve diğerlerinin (örn; Evans, Rueschmeyer, ve Skocpol, 1985; Skocpol, 1979, 1992) birlikteliğinde oluşturulan kuram, siyaset sosyolojisine bir hayli dikkat çek‐ miş, bu son yirmi yılda çoğulcu politik/ekonomik ve elitist kuramsal geleneklerde‐ ki yeni gelişmelerin hızı büyük ölçüde azalmıştır. Benzer bir gizlilikle siyasal alana (Burstein, 1991; Knoke ve diğerleri, 1994) ve sivil topluma (Hall, 1995; Jacobs, 2002; Janoski, 1998; Keane, 1988) dönük yeni yaklaşımlar siyaset sosyologlarınca yaygın kabul görmeksizin ortaya çıkmıştır. Bu gelişmeler, zamanın, daha yapay kuramlar üreterek kuramsal çalışmaların ayrıştırılmasındansa; sivil toplum, siyasal alan, gönüllü birlikler, toplumsal hareketler, çıkar grupları ve devleti daha anlamlı ku‐ ramsal ilişkilere sokarak olgunlaştığını göstermektedir. İkinci olarak, her ne kadar basılı ve elektronik medya derinlemesine araştırılsa da, bu müesseseler siyaset sosyolojisi ile yeterince bütünleşememiştir. Siyaset sos‐ yolojisi sık sık kitle iletişim araçlarından bahsetmiş olsa da, siyasi adaylar, seçimler, ideolojiler, yasama, politikanın yürütülmesi ve değerlendirilmesi üzerinde güçlü ama her zaman açık etkilere sahip olamayan kapalı bir kuvvet olan medyayı kendi kuramıyla bütünleştirmede başarılı olamamıştır. İtalya’da Başbakan Silvio Berlusconi örneğindeki gibi, siyasi partilerin ve adayların kitle iletişim araçlarını kontrol ettiği yerler dışında, kitle medyasının etkileri çoğunlukla dolaylı, açık ve en azından sürekli olarak hiçbir partinin lehinde değildir. Ancak kitle iletişim araçları, sadece haberler ve görüşlerin bulanık bir süzgeci değil, aynı zamanda birer siyasi aktördür. Özellikle karşılaştırmalı çalışmalarda kitle iletişim araçlarının deneysel araştırmalarla bütünleştirilmesi, kamusal alana etkisi açısından kitle medyasının rolünün kavranmasında oldukça önemlidir. (Keane, 1991; Kellner, 1990; Schudson and Waisbord, Bölüm 17; Wheeler, 1997).

1 2003 yılında bütün bölümler için 463 olan ortalamayla karşılaştırıldığında üye sayısı 560 civarında kalmış durumdadır. Dobratz ve diğerleri (2002b) de Annual Review of Sociology’deki makalelerin büyük bir yüzdesinin siyaset sosyolojisi başlığı üzerine olduğunu bildirmektedir.

10 Üçüncü olarak, siyaset sosyolojisindeki bazı yöntem eksenli yan kuramların yeterince üzerinde durulmamıştır. Kamuoyu, kitle iletişim araçlarının sadece dışa‐ rıda ne olduğunu göstermesinden ziyade içeriğine ve toplumsal bilgi ağına yön‐ lendirilmelidir (Burstein, 2003; Gamson, 1992; Huckfeldt ve Sprague, 1995). Siyasal müzakere kuramları, özellikle küçük grup demokrasilerinin etkisinin anlaşılma‐ sında kesinlikle daha güçlü bir rol oynamalıdır (Bohman, 1996; Fishkin, 1991; Fishkin ve Laslett, 2003; Habermas, 1984, 1987, 1996). Demokrasinin yöntem ku‐ ramları, siyasi partilerin ve ticaret birliklerinin dönüşümü, politik kimliklerin ço‐ ğullaşması ve değişiminde olduğu gibi çapraz ayrımlara yol açan gönüllü grup bölünmesi (Manza, Brooks ve Sauder, Bölüm 10, ve Schwartz ve Lawson, Bölüm 13, bu sayı) dâhilinde de önem arz eder. Siyasal mekanizmaları içeren yapısal ve yöntemsel tanımlamalar daha çok gündeme getirilmeli ve kültürel tanımlamaların büyüyen alanı bu birleşimle bütünleştirilmelidir (Diamond, 1999; Fung ve Wright, 2003; McAdam, Tarrow ve Tilly, 2001; Mutz ve Martin, 2001; Tilly, 2003). Dördüncü olarak, küreselleşme karşıtı hareketler yazınında kullanıldığı gibi iki çok farklı alan ‐ “tüm politikalar yereldir” ve “tüm politikalar küreseldir”‐ ara‐ sındaki kavramsal uçurum, belki de “Küresel düşün, yerel davran” (örn; Khagram ve diğerleri, 2002; bkz. Bu kitaptaki McMichael ve Evans bölümleri {Bölüm 30 ve Bölüm 32}) siyasi sloganıyla birbirine bağlanmalıdır. William Gamson’ın Siyaseti Konuşmak’ındaki (1992) siyaset ve komşuluk siyasetinin kentsel ve yerel çalışmala‐ rına daha fazla dikkat gösterilmelidir (Ayrıca bkz. Berry ve diğerleri, 1993). Bu kuramları bütünleştirmek için Immanuel Wallerstein’ ın Modern Dünya Sistemi (1989) ve Michael Hardt ve Antonio Negri’ nin İmparatorluk eserlerinde olduğu gibi çeşitlilikle yaklaşılarak orta yolların bulunması gerekmektedir. Nihayetinde, doğ‐ rudan yerel olan ve küresel olanı birbirine bağlama çabaları (örn. Fourcade‐ Gourinchas ve Babb, 2002; Hay, 2001; Ranney, 2003) teşvik edilmelidir. Beşinci olarak, bazen reddedilse de, siyasal iktidar dönemleri de siyasi çalış‐ maları etkilemektedir. Bir yandan sağ ya da solun güçlü olmasına bağlı olarak siyaset ve politikaların kendileri değişirken, diğer yandan toplumsal ve politik üstünlük, toplumdaki demokratik ilerlemeler ve refah devleti uygulamalarından, özelleştirme ve piyasa usullerine doğru kayabilmektedir. Bu durum, sağ ve sol yanlı eğilimlerin sırasıyla 1960’lar, 1980’ler ve 1990’ların başındaki gibi siyaset il‐ mine etkisiyle, siyasi araştırmalarda salınıma yol açmaktadır (örn., bkz.Hunter, 1991, “kültür savaşları” konusunda; Linz ve Stepan, 1978a, 1978b ve Diamond ve diğerleri, 1988, “demokratikleşmenin devreleri”). Bununla birlikte genişleyen refah devletini açıklama konuşundaki arzu, refah devletindeki gerilemeyi kuramsallaş‐ tırma ve açıklama hevesindeki nispi eksiklikle zorlukla eşleşmektedir (Korpi ve Palme, 2003; Pierson, 2001). Dahası, toplumsal harekete ilişkin araştırmalar, sivil haklar hareketleri konusunda, yeni sağ/aşırı tutucu ve neo‐liberalizm hareketlerin‐ den daha gayretli görünmektedir. Dini haklara dönük hareketlilik sosyologların hala fazlaca ilgisini çekmektedir (örn., Diamond 1995; Liebman ve Wuthnow, 1983; Luker, 1984; Marshall, 1994). Gerçekten neo‐liberal hareketin sosyolojik çalışmaları, gelişmekte olan akademik bir küçük ev endüstrisini andırmaktadır (örn., Campbell

11 ve Pederson, 2001; Fourcade‐Gourinchas ve Babb, 2002; Simmons, Garrett ve Dobbin, 2003; Swank,2003). Altıncı olarak, post‐yapısalcı ve post modern kuramlar ile “siyasal”ın femi‐ nizme doğru genişlemesinin etkileri, iktidar kavramını, resmi politik kurumlardan, sıklıkla piyasa ve özel çevrelerle etkileşen enformel siyasal süreçlere doğru geniş‐ letmiştir (Dryberg, 1997; Foucault, 1979,1980, 1984, 1991; Torfmg, 1999). Post‐ yapısalcı ve post‐modern yazarlar aynı zamanda nesnelliği sorgulamışlar ve de‐ neysel sosyoloji alanının (hiç değilse herhangi bir kuramsal/deneysel uygunluk gözetilerek), bazen kuramsal gerçekçilik olasılığını reddetme derecesine ve kuram‐ sal sahalarla ilgili açıklamalarını değiştirmesine göre özel bir durum olarak yorum‐ lanması gerektiğini aktarmışlardır. Bu yazarlar, siyasetin daha önce ihmal edilmiş bakış açılarını ortaya çıkararak siyaset sosyolojisini neredeyse bütün sosyolojiyle eşitlemişlerdir. Buna rağmen, her şey siyasi olduğunda, siyaset sosyolojisi dağınık ve odaksız bir hale gelmektedir. Araştırmacılar, özellikle siyasetin geniş kapsamlı “toplumsal dayanak noktalarını” arayanlar, doğal olarak siyasete sınırlar konulma‐ sına muhalif olsa da, siyaset sosyolojisini nelerin oluşturduğunun belirlenmesinde yeni açılımlar gereklidir. Kuramsal sahaların azalması (zamanla bir kaybolma nok‐ tasına doğru) sosyolojinin öz yaşam öykücülüğü yayıncılık ve tanımlayıcı tarihçi‐ likten ayrılan özelliğini bulanıklaştırırken, kuramsal gerçekçiliğin yadsınması sos‐ yolojiyi ve yazınsal kurgusunu birleştirir. Yedinci olarak, gelenekler sosyolojik açıklamaların her zaman ana dayanağı olmuşsa da, yeni sorgulamalar alternatif bakış açılarından doğmuştur. Son yıllarda, ekonomistler ve siyaset bilimcileri, geleneklerin düzenlenmesi ve kurumsal bağ‐ lamda hareketlilik için akılcı seçim kuramına başvurmaktadır (Booth, James ve Meadwell, 1993; Hardin, 1995; Kisser ve Bauldry, Bölüm 8; Knight ve Sened, 1995; Lewin, 1988, 1991; North, 1990; ve Tsebelis, 1990). Üstün sözcülüğüyle Nobel ödülü alan Douglas North tarafından güçlendirilen The Journal of Institutional and Theoretical Economics bu çabaların öncüsüdür. Siyaset sosyologları geleneksel ku‐ rumların varlığını doğrulamak ve tanımlamanın ötesinde, kendi yaratıcılık ve dö‐ nüştürücülüklerini açıklamaya (Brinton ve Nee, 1998; Steinmo, Thelen ve Longstreth, 1992) doğru hareketlendirilmektedir, hislerin siyasi sonuçlara nasıl etki ettiğini incelemek gibi (Goodwin, Jasper ve Poletta, 2001; Hochschild, 1983). Bu‐ nunla beraber, gelenekler üzerine, daha kuramsal ve birikimli çalışmalara hala ihtiyaç duyulduğu görülmektedir (Boudon, 2003). Bu değişim girdabının ortasında, siyaset sosyolojisi olarak adlandırılan birbi‐ rinden tamamen farklı yan alanlar ailesini sınayabilecek ve bütünleştirecek entelek‐ tüel araçlara ihtiyaç vardır (Turner ve Power, 1981). Böyle bir inceleme şu dört şeyi yapmaya ihtiyaç duyar: (1) farklı katılımları siyaset sosyolojisi alanında bir araya getirmek ve onları açık bir kavramsal çatı içine yerleştirmek, (2) siyaset sosyolojisi kuramlarındaki yeni gelişmelerin, olayları görme biçimlerindeki gözlem farklılıkla‐ rı açısından meydana gelen parçalanmalarını sentezlemek, ya da en azından den‐ gelemek; (3) siyasetin sosyolojik izahatını, devletin toplumsal temeli ve başarıları için “sivil toplum”un kilit bakış açısı olarak tanımlanmasını genişleterek, “siyasetin

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997

Dizin

A. Grant Jordan, 967 Allende, 542, 685, 756, 976 Abbott, 126, 132, 873 Allison, 115, 160, 637, 638, 875, 889 ABD Ticaret Odası, 387 Almanya, 140, 141, 143, 172, 191, 224, Abell, 226, 873 239, 247, 259, 301, 323, 330, 339, 342, Acker, 165, 698, 873 351, 353, 382, 388, 394, 395, 397, 414, Adam Mueller, 574 415, 416, 428, 429, 471, 472, 475, 476, Adam Smith, 20, 75, 214, 219, 574 477, 482, 486, 550, 571, 574, 595, 600, Adams, 161, 171, 211, 213, 218, 223, 601, 602, 603, 604, 614, 616, 618, 659, 484, 488, 489, 490, 873, 874, 933, 977, 670, 679, 684, 698, 703, 799, 801, 805, 997 822, 824, 825, 827, 829, 831, 832, 834, Addams, 823 835, 836, 837, 838, 839, 840, 841, 842, Adorno, 78, 88, 138, 140, 144, 290, 874, 843, 844, 845, 846, 849, 862 924 Almond, 61, 111, 140, 141, 522, 875, Afganistan, 610, 622, 756, 757, 758 931, 989 Agger, 874 Alt, 214, 223, 233, 244, 624, 670, 720, Akılcı seçim kuramı, 211, 212, 225, 228, 875, 876 229 Althusser, 81, 103, 138, 143, 195, 876, Alan Booth, 911 877, 978 Alber, 131, 660, 670, 874, 907 Altvater, 780, 876 Aldrich, 354, 373, 873, 874 Alvarado, 613 Alesina, 214, 223, 876 Alvarez, 186, 550, 671, 682, 683, 684, Alfonsin, 813 685, 694, 695, 707, 865, 876, 965 Alford, 2, 60, 61, 78, 109, 115, 242, 251, Alvarez‐Beramendi, 671, 876 254, 289, 291, 343, 671, 875, 883, 909, Amenta, 5, 54, 64, 65, 73, 79, 109, 117, 958 123, 124, 125, 126, 127, 131, 133, 345, Al‐Khazraji, 624 351, 408, 420, 430, 434, 439, 660, 666, Allan, 803, 804, 875, 901, 941, 967 667, 671, 752, 876, 965, 977 Allen, 80, 275, 378, 670, 715, 873, 875, Amerika Birleşik Devletleri, 33, 39, 75, 878, 881, 889, 890, 892, 901, 920, 923, 79, 135, 140, 320, 362, 364, 369, 371, 938, 968, 970, 975, 984, 986, 987, 992, 373, 378, 379, 380, 382, 386, 389, 519, 993

999 550, 612, 613, 617, 621, 623, 662, 663, Aydınlanma, 136, 137, 138, 139, 140, 811 142, 146, 174, 241, 312 Amerikalar Ordu Okulu, 612 Azerbaycan, 610 Amin, 608, 766, 791, 876 Bacharach, 31, 114, 878 Aminzade, 159, 225, 227, 236, 246, 876, Bachrach, 53, 55, 878 912 Bağımsızlık, 327, 328, 751 Ancelovici, 859, 877 Bailey, 142, 878 Anderson, 45, 56, 78, 83, 106, 152, 178, Bakhtin, 149 179, 232, 237, 305, 310, 311, 312, 314, Baldwin, 86, 660, 672, 879 469, 475, 477, 478, 481, 490, 549, 550, Balibar, 195 733, 877, 894, 902, 903, 947 Banaszak, 433, 879 Andrews, 420, 439, 549, 877, 902 Baran, 62, 367, 398, 399, 411, 749, 879 Angola, 537 Baratz, 53, 55, 114, 878 Angus Campbell, 254 Barbara Jordan, 823 Anlatı, 149 Barber, 398, 960 Annan, 769 Barbie, 625 Anner, 860, 861, 877 Barkan, 426, 436, 879 Anthony Marx, 716 Barkey, 879 Anthony Smith, 152, 310, 311 Barrilleaux, 355, 879 Arendt, 175, 176, 877, 923 Bar‐Tal, 244, 969 Aristotle, 877, 879 Barth, 142, 880 Arjantin, 464, 503, 510, 604, 605, 606, Barthes, 143, 188, 880 607, 610, 611, 612, 615, 616, 620, 622, Bartley, 880 624, 639, 650, 685, 781, 794, 807, 808, Bartolini, 258, 350, 358, 880 811, 812, 813, 814, 816, 817 Barton, 291, 292, 941 Arkansas, 319, 968 Barzel, 226, 487, 880, 933 Arnold, 136, 400, 907, 969, 973, 976 Bates, 214, 215, 225, 226, 357, 487, 880, Arnold Rose, 400 898, 915, 969 Aron, 742, 878 Batista, 536, 608, 610, 612, 653 Aronowitz, 138 Bauböck, 847, 848 Arrighi, 766, 775, 776, 780, 878 Bauer, 279, 393, 396, 401, 880, 945 Arrow, 227, 878 Bauldry, 6, 12, 211 Arthur, 53, 215, 226, 227, 412, 831, 874, Bawn, 218, 880 878, 882, 916, 928, 932, 972, 981, 982 Bearman, 747, 881 Ashford, 660, 878 Becker, 214, 217, 881, 977 Aspalter, 674, 878 Beetham, 599, 637, 881, 914 Avner Grief, 226 Belaúnde, 611 Avrupa Birliği (AB), 362 Bell, 138, 146, 158, 395, 617, 881, 923, Avustralya, 180, 320, 344, 378, 539, 672, 960, 963 696, 783, 819, 827, 829, 833, 836, 844 Bellah, 153, 315, 881 Avusturya, 338, 349, 454, 456, 477, 478, Benda, 522, 881 483, 596, 599, 601, 602, 615, 616, 659, Bendix, 94, 111, 212, 243, 318, 469, 475, 669, 695, 704, 799, 852 476, 481, 490, 534, 666, 770, 881 Avusturya‐Macaristan, 602 Benford, 184, 299, 300, 301, 431, 433, 855, 878, 881, 925, 979

1000 Benhabib, 90, 175, 182, 185, 881 Boudon, 12, 211, 885 Bennett, 266, 356, 454, 822, 882, 996 Brady, 251, 259, 267, 269, 342, 886, 989 Bentham, 136 Braun, 827 Bentley, 53, 54, 56, 364, 882 Braungart, 886 Berelson, 251, 253, 255, 284, 287, 298, Brents, 80, 242, 667, 886, 928 342, 882, 938 Brewer, 485, 886, 903 Berezin, 149, 152, 882 Brian Turner, 174, 927 Berger, 63, 364, 592, 882, 902, 972 Briggs, 825, 841, 886 Bergesen, 92, 885 Brimelow, 823 Berle, 394, 395, 396, 397, 398, 410, 411, Brinton, 12, 211, 213, 519, 638, 886, 965 414, 417, 882 Brooks, 6, 11, 251, 252, 254, 258, 259, Berlusconi, 10, 356 260, 261, 263, 264, 267, 268, 269, 270, Betancourt, 611 271, 282, 285, 301, 340, 342, 343, 344, Betz, 339, 357, 614, 676, 883, 947, 983 677, 726, 727, 728, 886, 900, 901, 924, Bey, 6, 391 945, 956 Beyer, 350, 987 Brooks‐Gunn, 677, 900 Biersack, 274, 275, 883, 911 Brown, 317, 673, 681, 709, 719, 720, 726, Bimber, 453, 883 732, 733, 837, 854, 875, 882, 886, 887, Birchfield, 61, 883 889, 900, 908, 928, 931, 933, 956, 959, Birleşik Krallık, 320, 389, 614, 698, 807, 965, 966, 969, 989 823, 828, 833, 835, 836, 843, 845 Browning, 438, 887 Birleşmiş Milletler, 15, 328, 363, 645, Broyles, 80, 275, 875 687, 692, 699, 701, 702, 703, 705, 757, Brubaker, 152, 320, 821, 823, 832, 841, 758, 769, 775, 778, 789, 812, 864 842, 843, 887 Bismarck, 660, 838 Brulle, 433, 887 Biyo‐iktidar, 93 Brush, 166, 887 Blair, 269, 341, 356, 936 Brustein, 211, 542, 603, 887 Blake, 251, 883 Bryan Turner, 100, 318, 770, 987 Blau, 31, 32, 33, 37, 396, 424, 637, 883 Buzzell, 899, 917, 942, 964, 990 Blee, 236, 883 Bürokrasi, 217, 349, 489, 636, 646, 652, Block, 60, 62, 83, 154, 161, 367, 407, 411, 654, 656 666, 756, 766, 883 Calhoun, 155, 190, 525, 719, 889, 908, Bloomquist, 747, 924 928 Blumer, 45, 284, 303, 425, 883, 884 Calvert, 214, 220, 889 Boas, 54, 884 Cameron, 59, 65, 585, 591, 668, 669, 889 Bobo, 262, 728, 729, 730, 731, 884, 932, Cancun, 790 934, 973, 974, 975, 978, 986 Cárdenas, 604, 622 Boix, 58, 61, 62, 63, 64, 73, 351, 355, 884 Cardoso, 604, 606, 784, 889 Bombay, 862 Carole Mueller, 974 Bond, 422, 735, 767, 884, 928, 966 Carrillo, 507, 731, 812, 928, 974 Bonilla‐Silva, 732, 733, 884 Carrington, 415, 889 Boris, 172, 503, 691, 696, 885 Carruthers, 148, 430, 671, 876, 890 Borland, 39, 222, 919 Carson, 139, 186, 890 Boswell, 92, 748, 854, 872, 885, 891 Carter, 263, 605, 610, 727, 821, 833, 890, Bottomore, 885, 897, 921, 946 978

1001 Castells, 755, 758, 765, 890 Cloward, 5, 14, 19, 40, 42, 43, 263, 264, Casteñada, 538, 611 265, 267, 342, 428, 435, 511, 539, 669, Castro, 534, 536, 611, 612, 830 963 Cayer, 627, 636, 890 Cole, 348, 893, 901 Cenova, 226 Coleman, 9, 96, 141, 211, 213, 222, 333, Centeno, 747, 891 372, 381, 424, 875, 878, 893, 942, 959, Cezayir, 37, 523, 525, 537, 543, 621, 703, 977 836, 837, 843, 848 Coleridge, 136 Chalaby, 462, 891 Collier, 66, 494, 501, 507, 549, 605, 666, Chappell, 719, 891 808, 889, 893, 912, 922, 951, 952, 957 Charles Taylor, 182 Collins, 24, 98, 99, 100, 101, 103, 107, Charlot, 336 171, 212, 234, 235, 423, 425, 519, 521, Chase‐Dunn, 92, 854, 872, 885, 891 527, 601, 737, 744, 753, 758, 760, 893, Cheru, 788, 891 996 Chiang, 536 Colomy, 69, 105, 875, 894, 967, 974, 978 Chiapas, 93, 613, 783, 892, 901, 918 Connecticut, 711, 875 Chicago, 262, 316, 317, 874, 875, 879, Connell, 145, 165, 166, 368, 369, 759, 894 880, 881, 882, 883, 884, 885, 887, 888, Coser, 31, 895 889, 892, 894, 895, 896, 897, 899, 901, Costain, 419, 428, 438, 684, 888, 895 902, 903, 905, 906, 907, 909, 911, 913, Cox, 285, 355, 766, 771, 895 914, 915, 916, 917, 919, 924, 925, 926, Crane, 136, 519, 886, 895 927, 928, 930, 931, 932, 933, 934, 936, Crepaz, 61, 669, 883, 940 937, 942, 945, 946, 948, 949, 953, 956, Cress, 429, 430, 431, 434, 895, 979 957, 960, 962, 964, 965, 966, 967, 970, Crosby, 730, 732, 978 972, 973, 974, 975, 976, 977, 978, 980, Crowley, 131, 611 981, 983, 985, 986, 987, 988, 989, 990, Cuyvers, 415, 950 994, 995, 996 Çavuşesku, 536, 608, 686 Chirot, 92, 321, 323, 422, 891, 915 Çeçenistan, 623, 758 Chiu, 398, 954 Çekoslovakya, 600, 756 Chodorow, 148, 891 Çıkar grupları, 361, 362, 370, 372, 373, Chomsky, 451, 453, 460, 757, 891, 920 374, 385, 386, 389 Chong, 223, 224, 227, 714, 892 Çin, 321, 415, 455, 469, 519, 523, 524, Chorley, 527, 892 525, 531, 534, 536, 542, 598, 618, 650, Christopher Hill, 41 684, 701, 702, 705, 753, 758, 789, 790, Chwe, 219, 221, 892 831, 836, 839, 840 Citrin, 728, 834, 835, 892, 974 Çocuk bakımı politikaları, 695 Clark, 140, 285, 343, 351, 892, 913, 924, Dahl, 24, 25, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 58, 59, 60, 932, 955, 956 64, 84, 111, 364, 365, 366, 393, 404, Clemens, 54, 56, 57, 58, 62, 63, 65, 73, 414, 418, 514, 515, 551, 552, 555, 559, 118, 124, 242, 335, 373, 375, 753, 874, 572, 671, 895, 896, 968 892, 933 Dahrendorf, 75, 97, 98, 368, 395, 396, Clinton, 63, 300, 301, 341, 342, 351, 408, 399, 406, 414, 600, 896 463, 464, 676, 727, 977 Dale Marshall, 887 Clovis, 842

1002 Dalton, 253, 261, 268, 335, 336, 338, 342, Díaz, 613 433, 879, 896, 905, 932, 933, 963, 971, Dicey, 284, 899 991 Dill, 649, 899 Danimarka, 191, 305, 338, 344, 600, 602, Dilthey, 137, 899 624, 664, 675, 678, 693, 695, 804 Din, 343 Danziger, 269, 678, 896 Disraeli, 136 David Jacobs, 928 Dixon, 700, 701, 748, 885, 899 Davila, 400, 415, 958 Dixon‐Mueller, 700, 701, 899 Dawe, 45, 46, 897 Dobratz, 10, 899, 917, 942, 964, 990 Dawley, 540, 897 Dogan, 343, 549, 899 Dawson, 257, 270, 897 Domhoff, 9, 52, 54, 56, 79, 80, 84, 105, Dayan, 463, 930 275, 277, 279, 368, 369, 377, 378, 399, De Barbieri, 699, 701, 897 402, 408, 409, 410, 412, 413, 415, 667, De Beer, 673, 897 742, 899, 924, 983, 992 Deacon, 674 Dominguez, 498, 900, 918 Delaware, 711 Donald, 213, 313, 713, 873, 883, 888, Deloria, 782 889, 892, 894, 900, 910, 911, 912, 914, Demokrasi, 184, 261, 289, 378, 392, 439, 924, 926, 932, 936, 947, 960, 990, 993 471, 498, 509, 514, 515, 518, 539, 540, Dorothy Smith, 172 542, 545, 547, 557, 562, 589, 610, 625, Douglas, 12, 37, 59, 60, 142, 216, 723, 743, 755 874, 876, 878, 894, 900, 919, 921, 931, Derrida, 139, 898 943, 947, 948, 949, 966, 992 Devlet, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 78, 83, 109, 110, 111, Douglass, 487, 823, 894, 957 113, 114, 115, 116, 118, 122, 123, 125, Downing, 455, 456, 469, 484, 485, 487, 156, 157, 161, 164, 165, 166, 167, 216, 549, 750, 900 221, 231, 232, 238, 239, 240, 242, 246, Downs, 213, 225, 252, 255, 634, 636, 310, 318, 353, 360, 366, 367, 371, 404, 645, 900 407, 408, 422, 455, 456, 469, 470, 473, Dowse, 900 474, 475, 481, 484, 490, 521, 534, 535, Drainville, 781, 900 543, 581, 588, 594, 627, 628, 629, 630, Droysen, 474 631, 635, 643, 652, 670, 677, 681, 688, Du Bois, 714, 900 705, 708, 732, 735, 736, 738, 739, 743, Dudziak, 715, 718, 900 744, 747, 750, 766, 772, 773, 783, 799, Dunlop, 66, 637, 932 827, 830 Durkheim, 36, 45, 149, 219, 221, 312, Devlet feminizmi, 167 531, 576, 579, 587, 741, 901 Devlet kuruluşu, 475, 490 Duvalier, 541, 608 Devlet‐merkezli kuram, 521 Duverger, 336, 346, 347, 353, 901 Devrim, 9, 205, 476, 484, 489, 501, 520, Duygular, 159, 543 521, 542, 573, 751 Dünya Ekonomik Forumu, 858 Dexter, 393, 396, 401, 880 Dünya Sosyal Forumu, 767, 768, 790, Di Maggio, 648 854, 858, 859, 870, 872 Di Palma, 607, 898 Dworkin, 181 Diamond, 11, 357, 495, 499, 502, 509, Dye, 356, 369, 672, 901 707, 887, 898, 899 Eber, 784, 901 Diane Nash, 718 Edelman, 155, 356, 901

1003 Eduard Bernstein, 77 944, 950, 953, 960, 962, 963, 968, 970, Einstein, 827 974, 987, 988, 993, 995, 996 Eisenhower, 428, 749 Faillik, 218, 220 Eisenstadt, 69, 111, 902, 968 Fairbank, 598, 904 Eisinger, 426, 435, 439, 902 Fairclough, 193, 717, 904 Ekvador, 812 Falasca‐Zamponi, 904 El Salvador, 536, 541, 612, 614, 809, 812, Falk, 760, 789, 884, 904 907, 915, 961, 995 Falkland Adaları, 607 Elder, 746, 961 Farley, 235, 238, 905 Eley, 600, 602, 603, 883, 902 Fas, 601, 621, 836, 837 Elias, 22, 136, 738, 740, 741, 758, 760, Faşizm, 599, 618, 619 902 Faulks, 177, 905 Eliasoph, 153, 190, 902 Feldt, 802, 803, 905 Elitler, 507 Feminist kuram, 163, 164, 167, 173, 174, Ella Baker, 718 176, 178, 183, 186 Ellikson, 222 Fennema, 368, 824, 905 Elms, 267, 886 Ferdinand Marcos, 537, 608 Elster, 87, 212, 213, 215, 224, 225, 226, Ferejohn, 161, 226, 487, 905 902 Ferrera, 672, 906 Emeğin Şövalyeleri, 247, 337 Fetzer, 833, 834, 906 Emerson, 31, 32, 218, 405, 902, 978 Fields, 714, 906, 988 Endonezya, 537, 698, 702, 760 Filipinler, 537, 608 Enron, 412 Filistin, 93, 244, 327, 329, 330, 543, 623, Epstein, 278, 347, 348, 349, 354, 359, 903 738, 773 Erik Olin Wright, 888, 903 Fine, 160, 351, 906, 997 Erikson, 251, 255, 271, 279, 284, 301, Finer, 364, 365, 551, 553, 555, 559, 906 302, 305, 678, 903, 981 Finifter, 287, 896, 906 Eriksson, 674 Finlandiya, 451, 510, 511, 593, 602, 695, Ertman, 7, 128, 213, 469, 471, 472, 474, 799, 804, 806 480, 484, 485, 486, 487, 489, 490, 491, Fiona Williams, 172 903, 913 Fiorina, 217, 255, 906 Escott, 715, 903 Fishkin, 11, 298, 906, 943 Esping‐Andersen, 8, 83, 84, 85, 86, 124, Fitzgerald, 821, 822, 827, 830, 852, 906 131, 177, 179, 251, 260, 659, 660, 661, Flacks, 31, 138, 906 662, 663, 664, 668, 670, 672, 673, 675, Flavio de Almeida, 786, 906 676, 677, 678, 680, 792, 798, 807, 845, Fligstein, 157, 161, 383, 385, 389, 416, 903, 924, 981 417, 906, 947 Estonya, 244 Flora, 21, 131, 660, 668, 670, 882, 907, Etzinger, 845, 904 968 Etzioni, 25, 26, 176, 358, 374, 904 Floransa, 21 Etzioni‐Halevy, 358, 904 Foner, 714, 907 Eugen Weber, 475 Foran, 155, 520, 521, 536, 907, 913 F, 46, 142, 394, 878, 880, 885, 889, 894, Ford, 464, 645, 741, 877, 882 895, 897, 909, 910, 913, 914, 917, 918, Form, 7, 251, 419, 424, 888, 907 919, 920, 927, 930, 931, 932, 933, 938,

1004 Foucault, 6, 9, 12, 23, 46, 139, 149, 150, Friedland, 60, 61, 78, 115, 242, 315, 671, 151, 166, 187, 189, 193, 194, 198, 208, 875, 903, 909 489, 907 Friedman, 54, 213, 855, 909, 922, 956 Fraga, 507 Friedrich Engels, 902 France, 39, 317, 320, 321, 595, 877, 879, Frymer, 722, 727, 728, 909 880, 886, 887, 888, 895, 899, 905, 906, Fujimori, 607, 814 914, 915, 916, 918, 925, 926, 928, 929, Furet, 151, 603, 909 930, 933, 940, 947, 956, 967, 969, 970, G, 9, 12, 59, 60, 79, 108, 137, 142, 215, 975, 976, 977, 980, 981, 982, 991, 992 216, 224, 317, 352, 399, 408, 456, 585, Franco, 501, 502, 574, 600, 601, 604, 614, 590, 591, 592, 679, 683, 746, 751, 755, 619, 843, 916, 941 769, 777, 789, 792, 803, 858, 873, 876, Frank, 5, 51, 73, 223, 524, 831, 880, 881, 877, 878, 879, 884, 887, 889, 890, 891, 885, 895, 899, 908, 916, 917, 925, 932, 893, 894, 896, 897, 899, 900, 902, 907, 936, 941, 950, 953, 961, 964, 976, 979, 910, 911, 912, 914, 917, 924, 926, 927, 981, 984 929, 935, 937, 939, 940, 945, 946, 947, Frankfurt, 78, 88, 90, 96, 143, 144, 145, 948, 949, 960, 961, 963, 964, 965, 968, 874, 907, 916, 920, 934, 935, 946, 955, 969, 970, 971, 976, 977, 978, 979, 980, 958, 995 981, 983, 984, 987, 988, 991, 992, 994 Frankfurt Okulu, 78, 88, 90, 96, 143, Galbraith, 392, 393, 396, 414, 749, 909 144, 145 Gallagher, 966 Franklin, 268, 342, 628, 634, 642, 882, Gamson, 9, 10, 11, 25, 35, 152, 153, 155, 884, 908, 967, 988 156, 171, 184, 298, 299, 307, 420, 427, Fransa, 104, 136, 142, 226, 227, 243, 301, 428, 430, 435, 436, 539, 905, 906, 910 314, 320, 323, 324, 330, 336, 337, 339, Gans, 153, 156, 460, 461, 910 342, 356, 395, 397, 414, 415, 416, 428, Ganz, 359, 427, 861, 910, 977 429, 456, 471, 472, 474, 476, 477, 482, Garand, 57, 910 483, 484, 485, 486, 487, 488, 510, 513, Garfield, 713 519, 523, 531, 534, 542, 574, 591, 595, Garrett, 9, 12, 59, 60, 215, 216, 585, 590, 596, 600, 602, 603, 609, 615, 616, 625, 591, 592, 679, 792, 803, 910, 937, 976 629, 677, 679, 685, 686, 695, 698, 703, Garvey, 627, 910 704, 705, 743, 746, 748, 799, 817, 822, Gaudet, 253, 284, 285, 298, 938 824, 825, 826, 828, 829, 832, 834, 836, Geertz, 54, 136, 142, 316, 911 837, 838, 841, 842, 843, 844, 845, 846, Gellner, 152, 310, 311, 314, 911, 917 858, 859 Gentile, 599, 911 Franzese, 589, 590, 591, 668, 672, 908, George Bush, 977 917 George Washington, 842 Frederickson, 711, 714, 722, 908, 996 Gerald Wright, 971 Frederik, 474 Gerber, 264, 267, 276, 278, 279, 877, 911 Freeman, 261, 264, 351, 422, 427, 457, Gerteis, 247, 911 821, 827, 828, 829, 830, 831, 832, 834, Giddens, 21, 22, 23, 25, 26, 28, 40, 45, 835, 841, 843, 908, 909, 918 46, 47, 63, 66, 146, 149, 161, 351, 666, Frenkel‐Brunswik, 874 738, 743, 744, 754, 765, 880, 911, 932 Freud, 141, 143, 199, 909 Gilbert, 80, 327, 328, 329, 475, 873, 911, Freudenberg, 419, 430, 436, 437, 888 921, 922, 968, 988

1005 Gill, 766, 773, 854, 872, 879, 882, 891, Gross, 340, 354, 387, 416, 463, 746, 912, 911, 920, 949, 954 915 Gilmore, 716, 911 Guatemala, 523, 609, 611, 613, 614, 651, Gimbel, 746, 911 756, 809, 812, 938, 946, 996 Gimpel, 821, 824, 825, 826, 831, 835, 911 Guevara, 540, 611, 915 Gitlin, 137, 138, 156, 162, 460, 912 Gurr, 60, 519, 522, 535, 916, 985 Giugni, 419, 424, 441, 876, 888, 912, 986 Gusfield, 158, 290, 916, 925, 929, 955 Glasberg, 80, 912 Guttman, 741 Glendon, 181, 705, 912 Güney Afrika, 48, 236, 241, 244, 247, Glenn, 172, 874, 887, 906, 912 336, 495, 500, 541, 673, 716, 733, 776, Glennie, 829, 843, 844, 927 829, 844, 866 Goffman, 45, 445 Güney Kore, 389, 397, 415, 690, 776 Goldberg, 9, 231, 240, 241, 244, 732, 912 H, 22, 318, 550, 697, 768, 873, 874, 877, Goldstone, 127, 142, 155, 420, 422, 427, 878, 880, 882, 884, 885, 888, 889, 890, 429, 436, 520, 521, 527, 536, 744, 753, 891, 895, 899, 902, 903, 910, 912, 918, 912, 989, 994 919, 920, 921, 923, 925, 929, 930, 931, Goldthorpe, 225, 269, 285, 343, 674, 889, 934, 935, 936, 939, 941, 942, 944, 945, 903, 912, 939, 944, 982 946, 950, 955, 956, 960, 961, 962, 965, Gompers, 823, 826 966, 967, 969, 970, 971, 972, 975, 976, Goodin, 550, 677, 876, 889, 913, 992 980, 982, 983, 984, 989, 992, 993, 994, Goodliffe, 279, 913 995, 996, 997 Goodwin, 7, 12, 114, 120, 122, 131, 155, Haas, 158, 384, 916 161, 350, 422, 430, 434, 498, 519, 521, Habermas, 11, 47, 82, 88, 89, 90, 144, 526, 527, 536, 537, 543, 610, 613, 614, 153, 162, 175, 176, 194, 881, 889, 893, 879, 902, 913, 928, 993 898, 908, 916, 923, 984 Gordon, 171, 172, 177, 681, 685, 690, Hacker, 362, 667, 680, 916 696, 907, 908, 913, 921, 929, 995 Haggard, 812, 910, 916, 994 Gorski, 157, 213, 475, 484, 487, 488, 489, Haider, 596, 616, 623, 877, 955 490, 543, 851, 913 Haiti, 607, 608, 610, 807 Gosnell, 261, 345, 913 Haklar, 174, 181, 783, 784 Gottschalk, 269, 675, 677, 896, 913 Hallin, 452, 454, 455, 459, 460, 463, 466, Gould, 68, 69, 71, 72, 161, 213, 223, 225, 917 914 Hammer, 718 Gouldner, 23, 39, 914 Haney, 164, 682, 918, 984 Göç, 8, 821, 822, 823, 824, 826, 830, 831, Hansen, 209, 260, 262, 263, 265, 266, 835, 836, 837, 839, 840, 851, 852 267, 695, 722, 821, 823, 824, 827, 828, Göçmen, 184, 786, 823, 825, 827, 844 830, 833, 836, 841, 901, 903, 918, 963, Graber, 356, 452, 453, 914, 960, 961, 963 969 Gramsci, 49, 78, 90, 145, 195, 196, 200, Hantrais, 692, 694, 918, 942 368, 599, 602, 856, 914, 955 Hardin, 12, 216, 224, 228, 918 Granados, 6, 361 Hardt, 11, 77, 92, 93, 106, 771, 774, 779, Granberg, 948 854, 918 Granovetter, 213, 214, 914 Harold Washington, 262 Greenstein, 896, 915 Hartlyn, 918 Harvey, 613, 765, 783, 784, 905, 918, 945

1006 Hay, 11, 37, 42, 43, 792, 802, 919 Hixson, 290, 922 Heath, 252, 257, 260, 268, 269, 271, 290, Hjelmslev, 188 888, 897, 919, 938, 958, 991 Hobbes, 20, 21, 22, 23, 29, 168, 219, 747, Hebdige, 145, 919 922 Heberle, 425, 919 Hobsbawn, 311, 475 Hechter, 9, 35, 39, 211, 213, 222, 770, Hobson, 6, 9, 15, 163, 167, 170, 171, 177, 919, 928, 951, 959 178, 179, 180, 182, 185, 698, 708, 905, Heckscher, 919 908, 909, 918, 922, 923, 934, 939, 940, Heclo, 382, 665, 670, 919 982, 994 Hegel, 28, 90, 574, 630, 909, 920 Hodgson, 701, 923 Hegemonya, 144, 145, 154, 194, 195, Hoffmann‐Martinot, 892 199, 200, 201, 205 Hofstadter, 290, 295, 333, 923 Heidegger, 137 Hollifield, 822, 845, 923 Heidelberg, 474 Holmes, 485, 881, 923 Heidenheimer, 660, 907 Homans, 212, 923 Heidi Hartmann, 165 Honduras, 807, 812 Heimann, 674 Hong Kong, 491, 827, 839, 843, 891, 950 Heinz, 57, 58, 62, 74, 382, 387, 388, 920 Honneth, 89, 90, 182, 923 Heisler, 821, 833, 835, 837, 920, 972 Hooks, 8, 80, 171, 737, 741, 742, 747, Heitlinger, 704, 920 750, 923, 924, 927, 949 Held, 83, 177, 549, 755, 765, 768, 769, Hopcroft, 216, 924 770, 775, 777, 790, 847, 854, 880, 920, Horkheimer, 78, 88, 138, 143, 144, 924 936 Hout, 252, 261, 268, 285, 924, 944, 945 Helms, 440, 926 Howard Rosenthal, 964 Henderson, 297, 920 Howarth, 202, 924 Herman, 398, 411, 451, 453, 460, 920, Howell, 684, 730, 732, 924, 978 973 Höfle, 625 Hernes, 167, 179, 180, 676, 696, 921 Huber Stephens, 970, 981 Herron, 263, 921 Hughes, 900, 987 Hırvatistan, 600, 601 Humeyni, 323, 610 Hibbs, 59, 60, 61, 65, 256, 921 Hunt, 151, 185, 543, 925 Hicks, 2, 5, 8, 9, 51, 58, 59, 62, 63, 64, 73, Hunter, 11, 52, 54, 369, 392, 393, 673, 86, 87, 122, 124, 131, 251, 260, 355, 886, 925 363, 511, 550, 572, 580, 591, 592, 659, Huntington, 111, 114, 495, 496, 509, 660, 664, 666, 668, 669, 670, 671, 672, 512, 519, 521, 522, 523, 925, 941, 956 673, 676, 680, 803, 804, 921, 927, 966 Husserl, 45 Hinchliffe, 303, 966 Hutchinson, 719, 831, 833, 886, 891, Hindistan, 316, 494, 496, 497, 689, 700, 900, 911, 917, 925, 958 702, 722, 738, 773, 782, 790, 866 Hüseyin, 609, 621, 623, 756 Hindistan Ulusal Kongresi, 497 I, 51, 56, 143, 180, 220, 241, 313, 314, Hintze, 111, 469, 470, 471, 472, 473, 474, 315, 321, 325, 335, 340, 346, 354, 419, 475, 476, 477, 480, 481, 484, 485, 486, 423, 425, 427, 437, 472, 474, 661, 683, 487, 489, 490, 903, 921, 922 687, 739, 744, 745, 746, 751, 755, 759, Hiroshi, 464 843, 875, 896, 899, 900, 905, 910, 916, Hitler, 318, 595, 600, 603, 619, 888 918, 923, 933, 937, 940, 944, 945, 946,

1007 949, 955, 956, 957, 959, 960, 961, 967, İşçi sınıfı, 78, 89, 138, 145, 204, 270, 291, 970, 972, 975, 990, 992, 996 292 Ikegami, 925 İşsizlik, 724, 725, 804, 805, 816 Immanuel Wallerstein, 11, 91, 469, 477, İtalya, 10, 141, 259, 323, 353, 397, 415, 481, 604 471, 472, 477, 479, 482, 485, 486, 510, Inglehart, 61, 141, 268, 269, 285, 290, 553, 574, 593, 600, 602, 603, 604, 664, 294, 295, 296, 297, 304, 306, 307, 338, 679, 684, 703, 799, 826 925, 926 J, 5, 6, 7, 28, 51, 313, 327, 328, 361, 394, Inkeles, 516, 926 419, 723, 874, 876, 877, 878, 879, 881, Irak, 321, 323, 331, 542, 609, 610, 621, 884, 885, 886, 887, 889, 890, 891, 892, 623, 624, 746, 756, 757, 758, 790 895, 896, 897, 898, 899, 900, 901, 902, Ireland, 822, 827, 830, 832, 878, 926, 949 903, 905, 906, 907, 908, 910, 911, 912, Irksal eşitsizlikler, 241, 720, 733 913, 914, 915, 916, 917, 919, 921, 923, Irksal kategoriler, 237 924, 925, 927, 928, 929, 930, 931, 932, Irksal kimlikler, 231, 247 933, 935, 936, 937, 938, 939, 941, 942, Irksal proje, 238 944, 946, 947, 948, 951, 952, 954, 955, Isherwood, 900 956, 957, 961, 962, 965, 966, 967, 968, Iversen, 56, 59, 62, 63, 64, 590, 591, 592, 969, 970, 971, 973, 975, 976, 977, 978, 673, 678, 926 979, 980, 982, 983, 984, 985, 986, 987, İberya, 477, 485, 486 988, 989, 991, 992, 993, 994, 995, 996 İdeoloji, 6, 86, 148, 200, 283, 298, 351, Jack Knight, 215 431, 433 Jack Scott, 351, 960 İktidar, 5, 15, 19, 22, 23, 24, 28, 30, 31, Jackman, 264, 290, 591, 728, 730, 731, 38, 44, 84, 85, 96, 100, 101, 135, 166, 884, 926 194, 414, 587, 646, 754, 822, 830 Jacob, 6, 187, 627, 636, 901, 916, 924, İmparatorluk, 11, 92, 99, 849 926, 986 İran, 323, 500, 519, 534, 536, 537, 543, Jamaika, 698, 722, 793, 794, 808, 812, 608, 609, 610, 621, 622, 624, 686, 747 819, 836 İrlanda, 245, 259, 439, 543, 593, 616, 852 James, 5, 6, 8, 9, 12, 33, 36, 82, 135, 157, İskandinavya, 58, 59, 85, 471, 477, 479, 169, 222, 223, 231, 235, 236, 239, 241, 482, 601, 664, 675, 676, 677 242, 243, 270, 333, 352, 374, 398, 452, İspanya, 471, 477, 483, 485, 486, 501, 533, 563, 604, 709, 710, 712, 713, 715, 502, 503, 504, 506, 507, 574, 599, 601, 719, 720, 721, 723, 725, 733, 737, 824, 602, 604, 614, 619, 620, 703, 743, 819, 830, 833, 845, 875, 876, 877, 879, 881, 826, 837 882, 884, 885, 887, 888, 889, 890, 891, İsrail, 244, 245, 320, 323, 327, 328, 329, 892, 893, 894, 895, 897, 898, 899, 902, 339, 463, 543, 703, 738, 746, 773, 829 903, 904, 905, 906, 910, 911, 912, 913, İsveç, 86, 121, 130, 159, 167, 293, 306, 915, 916, 917, 920, 923, 927, 928, 932, 344, 428, 429, 433, 451, 456, 464, 477, 934, 936, 938, 939, 941, 942, 943, 944, 478, 485, 592, 600, 602, 614, 660, 664, 945, 947, 949, 951, 952, 956, 957, 959, 667, 670, 674, 675, 678, 684, 686, 695, 960, 962, 963, 964, 968, 970, 972, 973, 698, 703, 704, 799, 802, 803, 804, 805, 974, 975, 977, 979, 981, 985, 986, 987, 806, 825, 829, 835, 844 991, 993, 995 İsviçre, 121, 244, 261, 305, 338, 344, 482, James O’Connor, 82 512, 550, 602, 800, 801, 825, 829, 844 James Scott, 157, 563

1008 James Wilson, 995 Kahire, 701, 702 Jamieson, 356, 889, 927 Kahneman, 161, 220, 929 Jane Jacobs, 139 Kalberg, 929 Janoski, 2, 5, 8, 9, 10, 30, 74, 75, 87, 90, Kaliforniya, 401, 831 100, 109, 124, 180, 318, 511, 550, 551, Kalküta, 836 555, 591, 661, 663, 670, 680, 751, 757, Kamerschen, 398, 929 770, 821, 822, 824, 829, 843, 844, 845, Kamerun, 836 848, 927, 966, 967 Kampanya finansmanı, 275, 276, 278, Janowitz, 742, 927 282 Japonya, 157, 306, 314, 317, 330, 339, Kamuoyu, 6, 11, 283, 284, 288, 293, 297, 382, 388, 389, 415, 457, 539, 549, 696, 307, 436, 833 742, 797, 821, 836, 837, 838, 843 Kamusal alan, 576, 845 Jasper, 5, 12, 135, 142, 149, 152, 153, Kanada, 244, 301, 337, 338, 340, 342, 154, 158, 159, 160, 161, 429, 430, 543, 343, 347, 348, 349, 350, 351, 353, 415, 879, 913, 928, 993 591, 696, 801, 827, 829, 836, 838, 843, Jasso, 35, 928 844, 845 Jaynes, 420, 435, 440, 928 Kane, 215, 933 Jean‐Laurent Rosenthal, 226, 880, 969 Kantrowitz, 714, 716, 930 Jefferson, 395, 917, 919 Karakter, 159 Jeffrey Alexander, 69, 928 Karen Booth, 186 Jeffrey Sachs, 780 Karl Marx, 310, 451, 469, 540, 630, 645, Jenkins, 80, 142, 154, 242, 378, 419, 422, 902 423, 427, 428, 430, 437, 439, 440, 453, Kate Nash, 929 667, 748, 898, 900, 928, 936 Katzenstein, 59, 61, 62, 63, 64, 74, 420, Joachim Schneider, 488, 933 440, 585, 592, 799, 930, 934 Joan Scott, 865, 984 Katznelson, 114, 131, 285, 338, 715, 833, John Scott, 950, 982 930 John Williamson, 632, 994 Kautsky, 77, 81, 931 John Wright, 388 Kaynaklar, 427, 638 Johnson, 357, 433, 519, 522, 523, 675, Keane, 10, 90, 931 726, 728, 731, 828, 855, 861, 884, 929 Kearney, 826, 831 Johnston, 148, 299, 350, 894, 910, 925, Keck, 158, 186, 358, 380, 687, 848, 861, 929, 955, 959, 978, 984 864, 869, 871, 931 Jonathan Turner, 888 Keiretsu, 941 Jones, 174, 185, 281, 455, 837, 887, 920, Keister, 400, 415, 931 929, 955, 979 Keiweit, 218 Joppke, 829, 832, 840, 841, 848, 908, 929 Kenis, 361, 381, 383, 931 Jowell, 252, 268, 298, 919, 943 Kennedy, 726, 823, 919, 931 Judith Butler, 190, 955, 997 Kentucky, 711, 984 K, 38, 66, 218, 775, 810, 825, 873, 883, Kenworthy, 7, 58, 571, 589, 591, 592, 884, 887, 895, 897, 902, 904, 906, 911, 664, 670, 672, 673, 675, 921, 931 912, 913, 914, 916, 917, 919, 929, 937, Kenya, 497 942, 943, 950, 956, 958, 961, 967, 970, Keşmir, 543 976, 979, 988, 989, 991, 992, 993, 994 Keuchler, 335, 932 Kadın hareketi, 866, 868, 869 Key, 54, 265, 288, 345, 714, 887, 932

1009 Killian, 425, 717, 932, 987 Kuhn, 138, 460, 936, 948, 949 Kim, 9, 52, 263, 278, 279, 292, 353, 408, Kupe, 455, 969 905, 932, 989, 994 Kuran, 224, 936 Kimmerling, 932, 959 Kurumlar, 214, 650 Kinder, 255, 449, 729, 730, 731, 926, 932 Kuveyt, 610 Kingsley Davis, 821 Kuzey Kore, 542, 635 Kingston, 270, 282, 895, 933, 954 Küba, 519, 523, 525, 534, 536, 537, 605, Kirchheimer, 144, 342, 347, 933 608, 610, 611, 612, 622, 653, 685, 808, Kiser, 6, 15, 73, 211, 212, 213, 215, 217, 838 219, 226, 487, 488, 489, 490, 880, 933 Kültür, 5, 94, 135, 137, 144, 145, 147, Kitschelt, 338, 339, 343, 348, 353, 428, 148, 156, 159, 161, 350, 351, 352, 543, 498, 592, 824, 933, 934, 976, 980, 981 598, 618, 738, 784, 832 Kittel, 589, 590, 931, 934, 987 Kültürel dönüş, 146, 148 Kleptokrasi, 608 Küresel sivil toplum, 758, 872 Klingemann, 876, 889, 913, 986, 992 Küreselleşme, 8, 91, 146, 147, 357, 359, Klinker, 351, 715, 934 416, 417, 541, 760, 766, 767, 768, 772, Klugman, 8, 242, 709 789, 799, 800, 803, 814, 840, 851, 853, Knoke, 6, 10, 57, 58, 73, 74, 239, 251, 856 361, 362, 373, 374, 375, 376, 379, 380, Kymlicka, 181, 182, 183, 829, 845, 848, 382, 388, 408, 413, 934, 935, 937 936 Koenigsberger, 472, 935 L, 5, 6, 51, 236, 243, 260, 283, 313, 572, Kohli, 497, 678, 935 722, 724, 725, 726, 875, 878, 879, 880, Kohn, 309, 312, 935 882, 883, 884, 889, 891, 893, 895, 896, Kolektif kimlik, 149, 152, 432 898, 902, 903, 904, 908, 909, 911, 915, Kolker, 976 916, 918, 919, 920, 923, 924, 925, 926, Kolombiya, 283, 284, 286, 287, 288, 289, 928, 929, 931, 932, 934, 940, 941, 943, 290, 293, 298, 306, 307, 415, 612, 620, 946, 949, 950, 958, 960, 964, 965, 967, 629, 694, 756, 760, 794, 808, 809, 812 969, 970, 971, 973, 975, 976, 977, 978, Komünizm, 137, 455, 522 981, 983, 984, 986, 988, 990, 991, 993, Kopenhag, 173 994, 996 Koresh, 746, 975 Lacan, 143, 936 Kornhauser, 142, 289, 935 Laclau, 6, 61, 83, 90, 106, 146, 187, 189, Korpi, 11, 63, 84, 85, 86, 88, 177, 178, 191, 194, 195, 196, 197, 198, 199, 200, 179, 180, 268, 305, 355, 665, 667, 668, 201, 202, 203, 204, 205, 206, 207, 208, 669, 675, 676, 803, 804, 903, 935 888, 895, 936, 937, 964, 986, 997 Korsika, 623 Lake, 173, 685, 937 Kosta Rika, 539, 684, 808, 811, 812, 819 Lamont, 153, 937, 970 Kourvetaris, 935 Lane, 7, 47, 142, 298, 307, 571, 636, 642, Kousser, 235, 241, 243, 712, 715, 716, 875, 883, 894, 921, 931, 937, 995 721, 722, 732, 733, 906, 935 Lange, 59, 60, 585, 590, 933, 937, 976, Kowalewski, 747, 936 980, 981 Köylüler, 48 Larner, 397, 398, 937 Kposowa, 748, 928, 936 Lasswell, 25, 634, 664, 742, 937 Krehbiel, 215, 936 Latin Amerika, 9, 30, 130, 195, 238, 331, Krysan, 729, 730, 936, 973, 980 372, 378, 390, 400, 455, 458, 464, 469,

1010 490, 498, 500, 503, 523, 538, 540, 579, Liebert, 186, 940 595, 597, 600, 604, 605, 606, 607, 609, Lijphart, 56, 58, 61, 62, 65, 244, 339, 353, 611, 612, 613, 614, 617, 619, 621, 629, 550, 577, 669, 671, 940 632, 635, 648, 655, 673, 685, 696, 727, Lincoln, 400, 415, 746, 915, 941, 973, 982 747, 756, 757, 791, 792, 793, 794, 798, Lindbeck, 305, 941 807, 808, 809, 810, 811, 812, 813, 814, Lindblom, 54, 58, 61, 62, 65, 365, 366, 815, 816, 817, 818, 819, 825, 866 407, 414, 418, 552, 636, 637, 896, 941 Laub, 746, 971 Lindenberg, 212, 224, 227, 941, 959, 977 Laumann, 57, 73, 74, 239, 380, 388, 408, Lindholm, 9, 167, 170, 171, 177, 923 920, 937 Ling, 718, 891, 941 Lawler, 31, 405, 878, 938 Linz, 11, 291, 292, 353, 495, 496, 498, Lawrence, 458, 884, 897, 903, 907, 914, 499, 500, 501, 502, 507, 508, 509, 514, 926, 929, 934, 938, 947, 948, 955, 973, 536, 550, 597, 599, 600, 601, 604, 605, 974, 975, 982, 997 607, 608, 610, 619, 891, 898, 930, 941, Lawson, 6, 11, 333, 338, 339, 343, 345, 975, 979 356, 360, 717, 720, 938, 968, 974, 996 Lipset, 9, 10, 65, 96, 111, 130, 141, 251, Lay, 260, 264, 352, 412, 938, 978 253, 254, 255, 283, 284, 285, 289, 290, Lazarsfeld, 251, 253, 284, 286, 287, 288, 291, 292, 294, 307, 333, 335, 336, 337, 291, 292, 298, 342, 741, 882, 930, 938, 338, 339, 343, 344, 346, 352, 392, 395, 941 475, 479, 493, 494, 502, 519, 539, 665, Le Pen, 595, 596, 603, 616, 623, 685, 703 674, 845, 881, 892, 898, 913, 924, 941, Lebeaux, 66, 994 942, 944, 956, 971 Lechner, 5, 51, 572, 916 Lipsius, 475 Lehman, 109, 242, 724, 886, 939, 972, Lipsky, 436, 942 989 Lipsmeyer, 674, 942 Leifer, 213, 215, 957 Lipstadt, 460, 942 Leighley, 262, 263, 265, 266, 267, 939 Lis, 42, 44, 942 Leninizm, 77, 105, 543 Lisa Waldner, 899, 964 Leno, 451 List, 274, 326 Leslie King, 8, 681 Lister, 86, 169, 174, 176, 177, 180, 185, Letterman, 451 923, 942 Levi, 211, 221, 226, 227, 487, 490, 880, Litvanya, 604, 688 939, 969 Litwack, 713, 942 Levinson, 874 Locke, 168, 181 Lévi‐Strauss, 142, 143, 151 Lodge, 823 Lewin, 12, 597, 932, 939, 945 Lohmann, 215, 436, 942 Lewinsky, 463, 996 Londra, 42 Leys, 776, 940 Lopez‐de‐Silanes, 397, 936 Liberman, 246 Lowi, 114, 123, 364, 366, 652, 665, 942 Libya, 542 Luckmann, 882 Lichbach, 224, 227, 505, 940 Luebbert, 542, 601, 602, 603, 668, 943 Lichtenstein, 40, 940 Luhmann, 71, 943 Liderlik, 160 Luke, 874, 960 Lieberman, 236, 243, 722, 724, 725, 726, Lukes, 22, 47, 60, 61, 97, 115, 117, 366, 940 943

1011 Luskin, 298, 299, 936, 943 Manza, 6, 11, 251, 252, 254, 258, 259, Lvov, 625 260, 261, 263, 264, 266, 267, 268, 269, Lynch, 833, 977 270, 271, 285, 303, 340, 342, 343, 344, Lyotard, 146, 943 517, 722, 726, 727, 728, 886, 945, 956, M, 5, 6, 9, 31, 135, 151, 153, 154, 184, 988 295, 327, 353, 391, 430, 469, 523, 525, Mao, 321, 524, 598, 619 536, 537, 604, 606, 608, 613, 620, 622, March, 352, 892, 918, 919, 934, 945, 955, 653, 690, 717, 740, 754, 771, 777, 783, 956, 961, 970, 981, 985 784, 794, 807, 809, 812, 816, 817, 823, Marcuse, 88, 144, 597, 945 840, 849, 864, 877, 878, 879, 880, 881, Marger, 946 882, 883, 884, 885, 887, 890, 892, 893, Marinho, 863 894, 895, 898, 899, 900, 902, 903, 904, Mark Miller, 890 905, 906, 907, 908, 911, 912, 913, 914, Markoff, 7, 41, 44, 334, 493, 495, 500, 915, 916, 918, 919, 923, 925, 927, 928, 501, 507, 509, 511, 512, 514, 518, 715, 929, 932, 933, 934, 936, 937, 938, 939, 751, 879, 946 940, 942, 943, 944, 945, 946, 948, 949, Marks, 253, 338, 355, 363, 386, 898, 933, 950, 953, 954, 956, 957, 960, 962, 963, 941, 946, 972, 976, 980, 981 964, 967, 969, 970, 971, 972, 973, 976, Marsh, 105, 382, 707, 887, 896, 910, 946 977, 978, 979, 980, 981, 982, 983, 984, Martell, 960 985, 987, 988, 989, 990, 993, 994, 996 Martin, 9, 10, 11, 111, 137, 254, 284, 314, Macaristan, 471, 478, 482, 485, 486, 598, 327, 328, 362, 431, 493, 539, 592, 667, 600, 601, 604, 756 680, 874, 875, 878, 882, 883, 884, 886, Macfarlane, 153, 943 887, 888, 889, 890, 892, 893, 894, 896, Macfarquhar, 617, 943 898, 901, 902, 905, 910, 911, 913, 918, MacKinnon, 165, 681, 943 920, 924, 928, 930, 934, 935, 937, 941, MacKuen, 302, 305, 903, 981 942, 944, 946, 947, 954, 955, 956, 957, Madison, 333, 573, 879, 882, 893, 903, 966, 967, 971, 973, 974, 976, 978, 979, 906, 913, 929, 937, 943, 959, 961, 974 980, 983, 988, 991, 992, 995 Madrid, 506, 983 Martin Luther King, 431, 910 Mahnkopf, 780, 876 Martin Smith, 946 Mahoney, 126, 127, 226, 227, 228, 487, Marwell, 374, 432, 946, 958 549, 876, 912, 943, 944 Mary Dietz, 181 Mair, 258, 260, 285, 347, 349, 356, 879, Maryland, 711 880, 930, 944, 955, 992 Maslow, 295, 947 Major, 926, 970 Massey, 235, 723, 725, 733, 826, 846, Majstorovic, 895 852, 894, 947 Makyavel, 21 Matear, 684, 695, 947 Malezya, 690 Matthews, 717, 720, 947 Mandel, 178, 523, 944 Mauss, 281 Mann, 28, 41, 100, 101, 102, 104, 107, Max Weber, 22, 75, 111, 212, 318, 469, 115, 128, 141, 354, 469, 483, 485, 534, 470, 472, 474, 485, 575, 583, 881, 920, 597, 599, 671, 737, 738, 740, 741, 743, 922, 929, 961, 972, 983, 987, 992 744, 751, 754, 895, 944, 964 Mayhew, 123, 345, 354, 947 Mannheim, 160, 746, 945 Mayıs 1968, 190, 195, 542 Mazey, 384, 385, 386, 947

1012 Mazzoleni, 450, 453, 454, 465, 466, 948, Michigan, 252, 254, 255, 257, 283, 284, 963 287, 288, 289, 293, 298, 301, 306, 307, McAdam, 11, 155, 159, 161, 224, 235, 342, 391, 878, 905, 908, 914, 921, 924, 282, 363, 386, 419, 428, 430, 431, 432, 933, 934, 936, 940, 949, 959, 975, 976, 433, 434, 436, 437, 438, 439, 443, 507, 983, 985, 986, 991, 993 512, 547, 717, 718, 719, 753, 855, 876, Mildred Schwartz, 109 888, 892, 910, 912, 946, 948, 957, 984, Miliband, 80, 83, 84, 111, 239, 366, 367, 986, 989 399, 452, 883, 895, 936, 951, 952, 964 McCarran‐Walter Yasası, 822 Mill, 26, 52, 368, 393, 494, 913, 951, 952 McCarthy, 142, 419, 426, 431, 434, 609, Milliyetçilik, 6, 151, 157, 309, 310, 315, 854, 892, 906, 908, 910, 916, 948, 957, 316, 318, 319, 331, 350, 843 984, 989 Mills, 23, 25, 67, 75, 369, 392, 399, 461, McDaniel, 520, 535, 949 539, 742, 754, 924, 951, 952, 953, 983, McDonald, 266, 352, 358, 933, 949 992 McGarry, 245, 949 Miloseviç, 541, 616 McGuire, 817, 949, 960 Minnesota, 262, 876, 878, 879, 881, 888, McIntosh, 165 889, 898, 900, 912, 926, 932, 943, 950, McIver, 301 957, 975, 976, 984, 986, 987, 990, 995 McKelvey, 227, 949 Minow, 170, 952, 953 McKinlay, 668, 671, 890 Mintz, 80, 277, 367, 749, 952, 953 McMichael, 8, 11, 765, 766, 768, 769, Mintzberg, 641, 953 775, 776, 777, 780, 787, 853, 854, 859, Misra, 8, 59, 62, 63, 73, 86, 87, 92, 167, 877, 909, 949 672, 676, 681, 682, 685, 696, 698, 921, McMillen, 949 953 McPhee, 251, 253, 284, 287, 882 Mizruchi, 6, 80, 277, 340, 387, 391, 394, Means, 388, 394, 395, 396, 398, 410, 411, 399, 400, 402, 405, 406, 411, 414, 415, 414, 417, 882, 974 897, 953, 958, 974, 984 Medya, 356, 359, 379, 449, 450, 452, 453, Mobutu, 541, 608, 609 457, 458, 460, 465 Modernizasyon, 521, 523, 527 Meeusen, 415, 950 Moe, 119, 213, 214, 217, 374, 953 Meksika, 353, 523, 525, 536, 537, 604, Moghadam, 173, 685, 687, 689, 692, 697, 606, 613, 620, 622, 653, 690, 771, 777, 703, 707, 708, 954 783, 784, 794, 807, 809, 812, 816, 817, Mohanty, 172, 173, 865, 867, 954 823, 840, 849, 864 Mondale, 276 Melado, 507 Money, 830, 834, 878, 882, 884, 892, 893, Menem, 500, 607, 813, 814 902, 903, 905, 912, 918, 926, 937, 943, Mesa‐Lago, 673, 808, 809, 950 954, 960, 971, 979, 981, 992, 993 Messick, 66, 666, 893 Monroe, 301, 303, 349, 905, 954 Metternich, 574 Monsen, 398, 954 Meyers, 66, 694, 695, 821, 913, 932, 951 Monteith, 718, 891, 941 Miami, 846 Montesquieu, 153 Michael Schwartz, 27, 953, 958, 974, 984 Moore, 48, 96, 111, 138, 368, 469, 476, Michael Wallerstein, 23, 965 481, 493, 494, 519, 525, 532, 549, 600, Michels, 96, 97, 216, 334, 345, 346, 375, 601, 637, 714, 743, 770, 833, 900, 921, 583, 941, 951 941, 954, 967, 977, 981

1013 Moran, 213, 217, 218, 992 New York, 28, 109, 143, 212, 253, 309, Morgan, 179, 394, 398, 711, 923, 935, 311, 312, 313, 314, 316, 318, 323, 328, 954 329, 778, 873, 874, 875, 876, 877, 878, Moro, 155, 990 879, 880, 881, 882, 883, 884, 885, 886, Morris, 270, 436, 717, 718, 719, 742, 878, 887, 888, 889, 890, 891, 892, 893, 894, 882, 902, 905, 906, 921, 927, 954, 962, 895, 896, 897, 898, 899, 900, 901, 902, 974, 979 903, 904, 905, 906, 907, 908, 909, 910, Mosca, 96, 97, 955 911, 912, 913, 914, 915, 916, 917, 918, Mouffe, 6, 61, 63, 90, 91, 106, 146, 175, 919, 920, 921, 922, 923, 924, 925, 926, 185, 187, 190, 191, 194, 195, 196, 197, 927, 928, 929, 930, 931, 932, 933, 934, 198, 199, 200, 201, 203, 899, 937, 955, 935, 936, 937, 938, 939, 940, 941, 942, 986 943, 944, 945, 946, 947, 948, 949, 950, Mowery, 439, 948 951, 952, 953, 954, 955, 956, 957, 958, Mozambik, 537, 684 959, 960, 961, 962, 963, 964, 965, 966, Muhafazakâr partiler, 824 967, 968, 969, 970, 971, 972, 973, 974, Munger, 281, 288, 915, 932 975, 976, 977, 978, 979, 980, 981, 982, Murphy, 100, 955 983, 984, 985, 986, 987, 988, 989, 990, Mussolini, 137, 152, 574, 599, 904 991, 992, 994, 995, 996, 997 Mutz, 11, 262, 956 Nie, 255, 263, 269, 287, 292, 956, 965, Müzakere, 370 989 Myles, 66, 666, 670, 680, 792, 804, 903, Nieuwbeerta, 257, 269, 296, 343, 897, 943, 956 956 Myrdal, 719 Nijerya, 39, 497, 610 N, 39, 69, 129, 323, 435, 497, 610, 631, Nikaragua, 519, 536, 537, 608, 609, 610, 726, 727, 873, 875, 881, 890, 892, 895, 612, 622, 653, 756 897, 898, 899, 900, 902, 904, 910, 912, Nikolas Rose, 959 913, 919, 929, 930, 931, 946, 948, 950, Nisbet, 20, 137, 897, 957 954, 955, 957, 958, 961, 967, 968, 969, Niskanen, 217, 957 976, 979, 980, 982, 983, 989, 996 Nixon, 435, 631, 726, 727, 957 Nader, 353, 979 Noriega, 541, 621 Nagel, 236, 237, 956 North, 9, 12, 119, 211, 214, 216, 229, Nagler, 266, 267, 939 313, 487, 488, 873, 877, 883, 886, 887, Nairobi, 173 892, 901, 903, 911, 913, 915, 924, 925, Nancy Fraser, 175, 182, 184, 913 926, 930, 931, 936, 944, 954, 957, 962, Napoli, 471 963, 966, 972, 974, 978, 984, 986 NATO, 621, 848 Norveç, 305, 339, 456, 464, 510, 593, Negri, 11, 77, 92, 93, 106, 774, 779, 854, 600, 602, 695, 799, 804, 806 918 Nüfus, 235, 681, 699, 701, 826 Nelson, 40, 57, 278, 354, 382, 514, 893, Oakeshott, 137 896, 903, 915, 920, 940, 941, 943, 955, Oberschall, 24, 25, 215, 426, 440, 717, 956, 964, 985 957 Neo‐korporatizm, 592 OECD, 347, 586, 589, 590, 591, 783, 785, Nettl, 629, 956 801, 807, 810, 819, 852, 874, 878, 891, Neumann, 144, 334, 350, 956 919, 920, 931, 936, 958, 971, 978, 980, 987

1014 Oestreich, 474, 489, 958 Paletz, 449, 960, 996 Offe, 81, 82, 83, 366, 367, 376, 661, 958 Palme, 11, 86, 88, 178, 305, 670, 676, Ogliastri, 400, 415, 958 803, 804, 935, 960 Ohmae, 633, 791, 958 Pampel, 61, 66, 72, 666, 668, 671, 672, Okin, 182, 183, 936, 958 673, 960, 994 Oliver, 148, 299, 374, 432, 433, 884, 946, Panama, 609, 612, 621, 756, 809, 811 958, 959, 994 Panebianco, 336, 346, 349, 350, 961 Olsen, 352, 945 Pappi, 381, 382, 934, 961 Olson, 223, 293, 373, 374, 583, 593, 645, Para ve siyaset, 277 959 Paraguay, 809, 812 Olzak, 825, 826, 956, 959 Pareto, 96, 97, 961 Omi, 9, 231, 232, 233, 234, 235, 239, 240, Parikh, 876 241, 242, 736, 833, 959 Paris, 622, 878, 888, 889, 891, 897, 901, Opp, 35, 222, 224, 919, 928, 951, 959 907, 909, 914, 929, 938, 952, 953, 958, Oregon, 831 959, 967, 969, 971, 980, 992 Orloff, 79, 87, 116, 117, 120, 122, 124, Park, 317, 425, 833, 874, 875, 880, 881, 178, 662, 665, 671, 676, 681, 683, 696, 885, 890, 896, 897, 898, 904, 919, 923, 697, 874, 933, 957, 959, 977, 993 929, 933, 940, 948, 959, 961, 967, 969, Orum, 109, 112, 136, 959 980, 985, 986, 987, 993, 994 Osborne, 284, 959 Parkin, 100, 103, 295, 961 Ost, 674, 959, 973 Parks, 718 Ostrogorski, 334, 345, 959 Parsa, 520, 535, 537, 543, 609, 961 Ostrom, 216, 960 Parsons, 23, 36, 46, 66, 67, 68, 69, 71, Oszlak, 627, 629, 630, 634, 636, 638, 639, 105, 106, 112, 115, 212, 219, 395, 875, 645, 650, 651, 654, 925, 960 923, 961, 992 Otoriter rejim, 607 Passeron, 146, 885 Outhwaite, 960 Patel, 773, 782, 961 Overlacker, 271 Pateman, 168, 170, 676 Owen, 287, 887, 990 Patterson, 264, 356, 450, 458, 461, 961 Oy verme, 177, 213, 254, 268 Paul, 88, 145, 184, 228, 253, 398, 435, Ozouf, 151, 960 715, 741, 833, 873, 874, 875, 879, 881, P, 38, 39, 136, 144, 145, 193, 352, 394, 882, 883, 885, 888, 890, 893, 894, 896, 695, 742, 745, 811, 816, 822, 869, 874, 897, 898, 899, 900, 903, 904, 905, 906, 876, 877, 878, 881, 882, 884, 887, 889, 907, 909, 911, 914, 915, 916, 921, 922, 895, 896, 897, 901, 902, 903, 905, 907, 926, 927, 929, 930, 931, 933, 935, 938, 908, 911, 914, 916, 920, 922, 925, 927, 940, 941, 942, 945, 946, 951, 952, 955, 937, 939, 940, 941, 942, 943, 945, 946, 956, 957, 959, 961, 962, 963, 965, 966, 948, 949, 950, 951, 952, 954, 955, 956, 967, 971, 972, 973, 974, 976, 977, 978, 959, 960, 961, 962, 963, 965, 966, 967, 980, 983, 985, 987, 988, 989, 991, 992, 968, 969, 970, 971, 974, 975, 978, 979, 993, 994, 995 985, 987, 988, 991, 992, 994, 996 Pavalko, 746, 961 Page, 255, 260, 294, 296, 300, 304, 664, Paxton, 517, 961 714, 787, 945, 957, 960 Payne, 599, 600, 602, 603, 616, 617, 961 Paige, 54, 519, 526, 960 Pedersen, 338, 666, 680, 685, 704, 889, Pakistan, 497, 610, 688, 738, 916 914, 919, 961, 993

1015 Pepper, 962 Portekiz, 339, 497, 501, 502, 503, 504, Peres, 812, 816, 980 574, 579, 601, 604, 819, 837 Perkin, 153, 962 Porto Riko, 264, 700 Perman, 243, 714, 962 Poster, 190, 964 Perot, 353 Poulantzas, 60, 80, 81, 82, 83, 111, 195, Perrow, 142, 389, 427, 430, 439, 642, 239, 366, 367, 404, 407, 408, 409, 414, 928, 962 415, 936, 951, 952, 964 Peru, 464, 542, 543, 607, 611, 613, 619, Poulsen, 429, 928 808, 809, 812, 814, 817, 913, 987, 993 Prechel, 80, 367, 405, 964 Pete Wilson, 823, 825 Protesto, 9, 436 Peter Evans, 8, 9, 112, 480, 853, 877, Prothro, 717, 720, 947 879, 904, 965, 977, 986 Prusya, 219, 470, 474, 477, 478, 481, 482, Peters, 646, 672, 882, 962 484, 485, 486, 488, 489, 714, 827, 829, Petras, 9, 541, 962 836, 838, 843 Pfaff, 220, 962 Przeworski, 23, 59, 60, 65, 87, 130, 132, Piazza, 357, 730, 962, 978 213, 253, 270, 286, 342, 493, 494, 495, Picard, 356, 451, 452, 963 502, 505, 516, 550, 609, 627, 965 Pierson, 11, 59, 62, 88, 124, 126, 131, Pulver, 868, 872, 965 228, 304, 305, 362, 667, 668, 670, 671, Putin, 321, 323 673, 680, 792, 804, 805, 806, 916, 926, Putnam, 141, 264, 266, 359, 965 956, 963 Q, 374, 830, 922, 925, 995 Pinochet, 606, 610, 756, 813, 848 Quadagno, 10, 79, 84, 235, 243, 408, Piven, 5, 14, 19, 40, 42, 43, 263, 264, 265, 667, 724, 956, 965 267, 428, 435, 511, 539, 669, 717, 719, Quirk, 303, 966 963 R, 6, 8, 22, 118, 139, 145, 231, 276, 315, Platt, 719, 963 628, 709, 873, 874, 875, 876, 878, 879, Poggi, 22, 317, 481, 963 880, 882, 883, 884, 885, 887, 888, 889, Polanco, 899 890, 893, 894, 895, 896, 897, 898, 899, Polanyi, 574, 661, 766, 767, 770, 771, 900, 901, 902, 904, 905, 909, 910, 912, 772, 773, 778, 780, 788, 859, 882, 936, 915, 916, 917, 918, 923, 925, 926, 927, 963 929, 930, 931, 932, 934, 939, 941, 944, Politika, 52, 67, 126, 304, 305, 362, 376, 946, 947, 948, 949, 951, 952, 954, 955, 377, 378, 379, 382, 401, 440, 448, 650, 956, 958, 959, 961, 963, 965, 967, 968, 652, 705, 725, 735, 809 970, 971, 972, 975, 976, 977, 978, 979, Politika araştırma enstitüsü, 377 980, 982, 983, 984, 985, 988, 989, 991, Pollock, 144, 340, 902 992, 995, 996, 997 Polonya, 336, 347, 471, 478, 482, 483, R. Sherman, 989 485, 486, 493, 601, 604, 610, 684, 686, Rabin, 464, 962, 966 705, 838 Radikal cenah, 440 Polsby, 25, 52, 54, 55, 56, 117, 896, 915, Radom, 625 964 Ragin, 86, 127, 129, 131, 132, 353, 667, Pool, 393, 396, 401, 880 668, 669, 671, 672, 924, 966 Poole, 351, 355, 895, 964 Rawls, 181, 182 Popkin, 155, 266, 949, 964 Raymond Williams, 144

1016 Reagan, 305, 382, 429, 610, 612, 614, Roosevelt, 660, 958 632, 742, 805, 823, 963 Root, 488, 490, 969 Redding, 6, 8, 231, 236, 242, 353, 709, Rosenberg, 765, 772, 776, 778, 895, 945, 710, 712, 713, 716, 720, 721, 966 969 Reed, 246, 735, 966 Rosenfeld, 151, 969 Refah devleti, 78, 178, 180, 228, 343, Rosenstone, 260, 262, 263, 265, 266, 267, 659, 660, 663, 665, 666, 668, 671, 674, 340, 969, 995 676, 696, 752, 792, 797, 798, 803 Rostow, 521, 969 Regnerus, 264, 967 Rothman, 461, 940 Reinarman, 154, 298, 967 Rouhana, 244, 969 Reiter, 266, 354, 750, 967 Rouquié, 608 Rejimler, 7, 545, 753 Rourke, 627, 637, 642, 909, 969 Renan, 309, 314, 967 Rousseau, 20, 21, 136, 168, 174, 323, Retorik, 150, 192, 240 571, 573, 969 Rhoades, 69, 967 Rowan, 157, 950 Rhodes, 381, 382, 593, 946, 954, 955, 967 Rubio‐Marin, 830, 969 Rice, 8, 253, 737 Rueschmeyer, 10, 130, 601 Richard Rose, 943 Ruggie, 59, 550, 775, 859, 871, 970 Richardson, 365, 380, 381, 384, 385, 386, Russell, 22, 627, 636, 874, 877, 879, 884, 847, 947, 967 885, 886, 889, 894, 895, 896, 900, 905, Rieger, 746, 973 909, 916, 918, 919, 923, 928, 931, 932, Riesman, 395 934, 947, 951, 952, 953, 955, 959, 962, Riker, 215, 307, 854, 932, 967, 976 965, 967, 970, 971, 974, 975, 977, 980, Rimlinger, 659, 660, 668, 670, 967 984, 986, 991, 994 Ripley, 628, 634, 642, 878, 967 Rusya, 200, 314, 319, 323, 330, 339, 353, Ritchie, 786 455, 477, 478, 482, 483, 519, 523, 531, Ritüel, 149, 150 534, 549, 614, 619, 747, 758, 827, 829, Rivera, 604 836, 837, 840, 842 Robert Kaufman, 916 S, 6, 10, 13, 60, 69, 72, 323, 391, 394, 398, Robinson, 512, 766, 912, 949, 968 439, 453, 461, 469, 481, 542, 610, 722, Robnett, 718, 968, 974 723, 729, 735, 739, 740, 745, 754, 757, Roche, 719, 968 758, 774, 855, 873, 874, 876, 877, 878, Rochford, 299, 300, 431, 979 879, 881, 882, 884, 886, 887, 888, 889, Rockefeller, 394, 398, 417, 882 890, 892, 893, 894, 895, 897, 898, 901, Roemer, 87, 212, 213, 215, 968 902, 903, 906, 910, 911, 912, 913, 914, Rokan, 59, 60, 111 916, 917, 919, 920, 921, 923, 924, 925, Roma, 221, 314, 318, 384, 469, 471, 477, 926, 928, 930, 931, 932, 934, 936, 939, 478, 479, 574, 576, 599 940, 942, 943, 944, 945, 946, 947, 948, Romantizm, 136, 137, 139 950, 953, 954, 955, 956, 957, 958, 959, Romanya, 536, 538, 600, 604, 608, 686, 960, 961, 962, 963, 965, 966, 967, 968, 704 971, 972, 973, 974, 975, 976, 977, 978, Romer, 281, 968 979, 980, 981, 984, 985, 987, 988, 990, Rommele, 339, 938, 968 991, 992, 994, 995, 996 Roney, 831 S. Robert Lichter, 461, 901 Ronning, 455, 969 Saguy, 686, 970

1017 Said, 156, 877, 970 Schuman, 270, 299, 729, 731, 732, 746, Sainsbury, 179, 677, 681, 682, 696, 697, 973, 982 698, 913, 922, 932, 944, 951, 970 Schumpeter, 96, 392, 395, 414, 973 Salazar, 574, 600, 963 Schuschnigg, 600 Salinas, 783, 784 Schut, 673, 897 Salisbury, 57, 371, 373, 382, 920, 970 Scruggs, 803, 804, 875 Sampson, 746, 971 Sears, 270, 728, 730, 731, 884, 892, 925, Sanford, 38, 973 932, 973, 974, 975, 978 Sanjurjo, 601 Seattle, 363, 854, 858, 949, 983 Santoro, 420, 438, 719, 971 Segal, 751, 752, 884, 975 Sartori, 284, 286, 335, 354 Sekhon, 263, 921 Sartre, 184 Selbin, 520, 975 Sassen, 186, 690, 754, 781, 971 Selznick, 340, 644, 975 Sauder, 6, 11, 251, 344 Sem Terra, 771, 784 Saussure, 142, 143, 188 Sen, 179, 224, 361, 689, 975 Savaş, 8, 97, 138, 141, 253, 317, 428, 437, Sendika, 276, 304, 578, 587, 594, 863 476, 480, 481, 501, 502, 512, 575, 578, Sendikacılık, 341 579, 605, 617, 620, 621, 674, 675, 712, Sewell, 47, 61, 146, 151, 543, 912, 975 714, 715, 719, 737, 738, 741, 743, 744, Shalev, 84, 85, 178, 935, 944, 975 745, 748, 749, 750, 751, 752, 753, 754, Shanks, 262, 833, 951, 952, 975 757, 838 Shapiro, 147, 149, 213, 226, 229, 294, Schaffner, 345, 351, 355, 995 296, 300, 303, 304, 356, 914, 926, 960, Scharpf, 359, 585, 587, 591, 668, 673, 975 678, 792, 799, 804, 806, 819, 884, 896, Shaver, 177, 180, 683, 957, 975 920, 971, 972, 975 Shavit, 674, 678, 746, 975 Schattschneider, 53, 55, 114, 354, 972 Sheehan, 397, 976 Scheler, 325 Shefter, 56, 117, 976 Schelling, 136, 219, 221, 972 Shepsle, 214, 227, 976 Schermerhorn, 233, 234, 972 Shils, 289, 316, 496, 976 Schill, 724, 972 Shiva, 782, 976 Schlesinger, 284, 334, 353, 457, 462, 884, Shleifer, 414, 936 972 Sınıf, 88, 94, 200, 251, 270, 289, 343, 396, Schmidt, 585, 668, 673, 678, 799, 801, 667, 674, 675, 715 804, 819, 884, 896, 920, 971, 972, 975 Sırbistan, 203, 537, 615, 616, 703, 704 Schmitter, 59, 370, 371, 372, 376, 384, Sicilya, 471 386, 496, 571, 580, 582, 583, 588, 592, Sierra Kulübü, 387 594, 606, 607, 797, 822, 833, 837, 915, Sierra Leone, 689, 942 920, 923, 930, 939, 945, 947, 957, 962, Sigal, 457, 976 965, 971, 972, 973, 981, 982, 993, 994 Sigismund, 474 Scholzman, 251, 267, 373, 886 Siim, 179, 923, 934, 939, 976, 982 Schram, 38, 281, 973 Sikkink, 158, 358, 380, 687, 848, 854, Schudson, 7, 10, 156, 447, 450, 462, 463, 857, 861, 864, 867, 869, 871, 906, 931, 973, 976 932, 967, 968, 976 Schumaker, 435, 437, 973 Silikon Vadisi, 862 Silverstein, 438, 976

1018 Simmel, 38, 976 Souder, 340 Simmons, 12, 801, 960, 976 Sovyetler Birliği, 243, 244, 247, 319, 321, Simpson, 387, 825, 901 339, 453, 499, 503, 519, 575, 614, 625, Singapur, 491 737, 744, 756 Sivil toplum, 13, 70, 358, 582, 770, 780 Soysal, 821, 825, 841, 844, 845, 847, 848, Sivil toplum kuruluşları, 358 856, 980 Siyaset Sosyolojisi El Kitabı, 13, 309, Söylem, 6, 149, 181, 187, 188, 189, 191, 361 192, 198, 199, 202, 203, 208, 209 Siyasetin toplumsal temelleri, 9, 206 Söylem kuramı, 188 Skidmore, 80, 506, 912, 977 Sparr, 687, 691, 692, 918, 980 Skocpol, 9, 10, 54, 63, 65, 79, 84, 86, 87, Spencer, 742 112, 113, 114, 116, 117, 119, 120, 122, Sprague, 11, 87, 253, 257, 260, 270, 287, 123, 124, 125, 126, 128, 155, 161, 167, 342, 924, 965 177, 225, 239, 269, 300, 301, 352, 359, Sri Lanka, 543, 691 367, 380, 389, 408, 476, 477, 480, 489, Stacey, 290, 919 511, 519, 527, 531, 536, 549, 630, 665, Stack, 36, 980 667, 671, 682, 738, 743, 744, 752, 904, Stalin, 143, 318, 498, 597, 619 906, 913, 914, 959, 965, 970, 977, 986, Stalinizm, 599 988, 992, 993 Stallings, 816, 980 Skowronek, 57, 73, 242, 892, 977 Stam, 967 Skrentny, 718, 720, 726, 758, 977 Stanley Cohen, 145 Smelser, 68, 69, 136, 138, 141, 426, 522, Star, 928, 982 919, 931, 946, 948, 959, 978, 983 Statü, 88, 94, 95, 293 Smooha, 243, 244, 245, 978 Statü grupları, 95 Sniderman, 259, 270, 730, 732, 978 Stedile, 785, 786, 787, 928, 959, 980 Snow, 142, 148, 155, 184, 225, 299, 300, Stedman‐Jones, 980 419, 430, 431, 433, 434, 855, 895, 925, Steeh, 729, 973, 980 948, 979 Steinmetz, 65, 157, 913, 950, 981 Snyder, 281, 435, 527, 549, 878, 931, 944, Steinmo, 12, 119, 121, 122, 125, 128, 670, 968, 979 981, 983, 984 Soğuk Savaş, 197, 428, 537, 538, 541, Stepan, 11, 495, 499, 500, 501, 502, 503, 597, 610, 612, 616, 618, 620, 621, 715, 507, 508, 509, 512, 550, 604, 613, 917, 718, 720, 727, 747, 750, 751, 756, 757, 941, 981 838, 839 Stephens, 8, 84, 85, 86, 87, 117, 124, 130, Sohrabi, 543, 747, 979 131, 251, 260, 353, 355, 363, 511, 514, Soly, 42, 44, 942 549, 601, 602, 667, 668, 669, 670, 671, Somali, 459 672, 673, 676, 680, 770, 791, 792, 794, Sombart, 253, 337, 979 799, 803, 804, 805, 806, 819, 822, 885, Somers, 141, 149, 213, 225, 977, 979 924, 933, 954, 970, 976, 980, 981, 990 Somoza, 536, 608, 610, 612, 653 Stevens, 689, 715, 916, 942 Soref, 398, 403, 927, 979 Stiglitz, 765, 769, 780, 789, 853, 855, 981 Soroka, 303, 979 Stimson, 251, 302, 305, 889, 903, 981 Soskice, 591, 673, 797, 917, 979, 984 Stinchcombe, 66, 72, 118, 133, 215, 498, Sosyal demokrat partiler, 260, 355 648, 666, 981 Sosyalist devrim, 525 Stokes, 254, 284, 287, 288, 888, 889

1019 Stomboliski, 604 753, 854, 857, 871, 912, 948, 950, 979, Strateji, 160, 161, 194, 201, 543 984 Stratmann, 280, 982 Tawney, 22, 984 Streeck, 58, 371, 372, 376, 384, 583, 584, Teksas, 831 586, 588, 592, 594, 678, 801, 891, 923, Teles, 722, 726, 984 939, 972, 982 Teune, 130, 132, 965 Stryker, 270, 442, 982 Thatcher, 196, 228, 380, 381, 632, 669, Su, 282, 340, 430, 434, 437, 438, 443, 892, 805, 823, 855, 963, 984 948, 982 Thayer, 707, 708, 865, 872, 984 Subcomandante Marcos, 613, 783 Therborn, 46, 83, 369, 514, 591, 661, 985 Subirats, 646, 983 Thomas Dietz, 909 Sumner, 713 Thomas Schwartz, 217, 949 Suriye, 323, 542, 610 Thompson, 37, 38, 39, 42, 44, 49, 136, Susan Alexander, 977 138, 144, 145, 150, 155, 465, 642, 647, Suudi Arabistan, 542, 610 742, 749, 754, 765, 880, 891, 922, 966, Swank, 12, 60, 62, 65, 131, 355, 357, 362, 985 592, 667, 668, 669, 670, 671, 672, 673, Thranhardt, 845, 985 676, 680, 803, 819, 921, 983 Thucydides, 153 Swedberg, 107, 212, 920, 983 Tibet, 758 Sweezy, 62, 367, 393, 398, 399, 411, 749, Ticaret, 220, 330, 341, 363, 384, 390, 583, 879, 983 776, 777, 778, 779, 797, 805, 825, 863 Swenson, 667, 680, 983 Tillman, 716, 930 Swidler, 147, 881, 983 Tilly, 7, 11, 25, 26, 30, 44, 107, 111, 142, Şili, 397, 415, 493, 542, 604, 605, 606, 147, 152, 213, 335, 363, 422, 427, 429, 607, 610, 611, 612, 620, 624, 639, 684, 434, 469, 475, 478, 479, 480, 481, 482, 685, 695, 756, 776, 794, 807, 812, 813, 483, 485, 487, 490, 507, 509, 517, 519, 814, 817, 818, 819 528, 533, 534, 537, 545, 546, 547, 562, Şirketler, 368, 410, 417, 418, 453, 577, 630, 709, 723, 726, 734, 736, 737, 738, 691 739, 740, 741, 743, 751, 753, 755, 779, T, 176, 318, 550, 577, 661, 665, 674, 770, 855, 871, 876, 884, 888, 912, 934, 948, 874, 875, 877, 879, 887, 889, 890, 892, 951, 952, 955, 968, 985, 986 894, 895, 902, 904, 907, 916, 926, 928, Titmuss, 661, 662, 663, 986 929, 932, 940, 946, 947, 949, 954, 962, Tocqueville, 53, 54, 153, 284, 306, 491, 966, 969, 970, 972, 974, 975, 976, 979, 515, 533, 534, 897 984, 988, 992 Toplumsal cinsiyet, 269, 662, 681, 682, T.H. Marshall, 176, 318, 577, 661, 665, 683, 688, 689, 693, 694, 696, 697, 704, 674, 770 708, 864, 865 Tabb, 438, 778, 887, 983 Toplumsal hareketler, 154, 225, 263, Taft, 409, 823 302, 351, 419, 421, 422, 424, 428, 434, Taira, 416, 984 440, 508, 753 Tanzanya, 236 Torfing, 6, 91, 187, 195, 203, 207, 208, Tarradellas, 507 209, 901, 924, 986 Tarrow, 11, 335, 363, 386, 419, 421, 422, Tossutti, 359, 986 430, 434, 437, 439, 507, 533, 540, 547, Totaliter rejim, 498 Townsend, 430, 439, 675, 876

1020 Traxler, 590, 591, 592, 678, 987 Victor Turner, 142 Trelease, 715, 987 Vietnam, 9, 72, 436, 437, 438, 454, 459, Trevelyan, 52 465, 519, 523, 524, 525, 537, 610, 613, Trice, 350, 987 622, 746, 836, 911, 917, 990, 996 Trimberger, 519, 520, 987 Vilas, 520, 535, 989 Troçki, 200, 520, 524, 528 Viterna, 353, 966 Troeltsch, 474, 922 Viyana, 768 Tronto, 169, 987 Volker Schneider, 931, 968, 982 Truman, 53, 54, 111, 364, 576, 774, 939, Voss, 338, 431, 860, 861, 905, 959, 989 987 Vrooman, 673, 897 Tsebellis, 9 W, 109, 145, 412, 715, 823, 849, 873, 874, Tuchman, 456, 987 877, 879, 882, 883, 884, 885, 887, 888, Tunus, 836, 837 890, 891, 894, 895, 896, 897, 899, 900, Türkiye, 244, 621, 623, 836, 837, 838, 901, 902, 903, 907, 909, 914, 919, 920, 840, 849, 866 924, 925, 926, 930, 931, 933, 935, 936, Tversky, 220, 429, 929, 965 937, 941, 943, 946, 947, 948, 949, 950, U, 67, 281, 394, 427, 558, 677, 722, 748, 957, 962, 964, 967, 969, 970, 971, 972, 817, 843, 873, 874, 876, 877, 878, 881, 973, 974, 975, 977, 978, 979, 980, 983, 886, 887, 889, 892, 894, 895, 897, 910, 984, 987, 992, 995, 996, 997 912, 913, 916, 917, 924, 925, 934, 936, Wada, 416, 984 939, 942, 945, 948, 960, 962, 963, 977, Wagner Yasası, 79 978, 979, 980, 988, 991, 994, 995, 996 Wagner‐Pacifici, 155, 990 Uganda, 497, 608 Waisbord, 7, 10, 447, 455, 458, 908, 990 Uggen, 266, 517, 722, 988 Wald, 287, 990 Ukrayna, 688 Waller, 31, 990 Uruguay, 604, 605, 607, 611, 612, 636, Walton, 416, 520, 535, 781, 990 777, 786, 794, 808, 812, 816, 817, 819, Wang, 8, 821, 905, 929, 935 968, 991 Ward, 92, 312, 681, 689, 690, 691, 719, Ury, 906 891, 901, 910, 991 Useem, 277, 367, 397, 402, 403, 408, 410, Ware, 349, 350, 353, 354, 991 411, 412, 413, 414, 897, 988 Washburn, 991 Usui, 66, 666, 988 Washington, 58, 325, 369, 373, 374, 387, Uyum, 789 459, 463, 517, 632, 746, 769, 809, 817, V, 235, 265, 712, 713, 874, 880, 883, 891, 831, 873, 874, 876, 877, 882, 886, 887, 899, 914, 927, 930, 932, 962, 967, 974, 888, 892, 894, 895, 896, 897, 910, 913, 976, 977, 987, 988, 989 914, 917, 919, 920, 921, 924, 925, 927, Van den Berg, 235, 244, 245, 822 928, 929, 930, 931, 932, 934, 938, 942, Varşova, 620, 625, 756, 829 943, 944, 955, 956, 959, 960, 961, 963, Venedik, 482 964, 966, 967, 968, 969, 973, 980, 981, Venezüella, 504, 510, 611 982, 983, 984, 988, 992, 994 Verba, 61, 129, 140, 141, 251, 255, 262, Washington Konsensüsü, 769 263, 267, 274, 276, 292, 342, 875, 886, Watergate, 70, 382, 387, 465, 875 931, 933, 956, 989 Watkins, 701, 787, 923, 991 Vergiler, 245 Wattenberg, 253, 268, 336, 342, 344, Via Campesina, 771, 779, 787, 788 896, 905, 971, 991

1021 Weakliem, 6, 257, 268, 269, 283, 290, Woodrow Wilson, 510, 892, 913, 924, 297, 727, 991 956 Webber, 275, 992 Worden, 299, 300, 431, 979 Weimar Cumhuriyeti, 247, 602, 674 Wrong, 21, 23, 24, 25, 75, 900, 996 Weiner, 153, 496, 497, 908, 933, 956, 992 Wuthnow, 11, 148, 270, 276, 940, 996 Weingast, 212, 214, 215, 217, 218, 219, X, 553, 625, 874 226, 227, 487, 880, 910, 949, 957, 969, Xiaoping, 598 976, 992 Y, 553, 625, 825, 903, 907, 912, 926, 938, Weller, 340, 387, 413, 892 942, 946, 960, 975, 996 Weschler, 628, 636, 890 Yang, 220, 948, 962 Weyland, 813, 993 Yeatman, 166 Whiteley, 993 Yeltsin, 503 Whitt, 83, 401, 403, 405, 993 Yeni Sağ, 56, 196 Wickham‐Crowley, 30, 130, 434, 520, Yeni Zelanda, 511, 539, 668, 672, 676, 535, 536, 608, 611, 612, 901, 962, 994 696, 798, 799, 800, 805, 807, 819, 827, Wilensky, 66, 72, 354, 660, 666, 676, 829, 836, 844 752, 994 Yeni‐çoğulculuk, 51, 52, 65 Will Rogers, 346 Yeni‐işlevselcilik, 51 William, 7, 9, 10, 11, 25, 35, 79, 113, 215, Yishai, 335, 339, 996 217, 313, 361, 399, 408, 419, 470, 713, Yugoslavya, 247, 614, 615, 629 723, 742, 823, 878, 881, 882, 884, 885, Yunanistan, 604 887, 889, 890, 891, 894, 895, 899, 900, Yurttaşlık, 140, 325, 475, 712, 717, 719, 901, 905, 906, 907, 910, 912, 915, 922, 726, 727, 731, 732, 734 924, 926, 931, 935, 936, 942, 946, 949, Yuval‐Davis, 177, 183, 703, 704, 771, 957, 958, 960, 962, 965, 966, 967, 968, 996 969, 975, 978, 983, 992, 993, 995 Z, 195, 553, 883, 902, 984 William Julius Wilson, 713 Zaire, 608, 836 Willis, 145, 617, 811, 910, 919, 994 Zald, 142, 419, 426, 430, 433, 434, 892, Winant, 9, 231, 232, 233, 234, 235, 239, 906, 908, 910, 948, 957, 984, 989, 996 240, 241, 242, 244, 732, 736, 833, 959, Zaller, 300, 460, 463, 996 995 Zapatistacılık, 613, 783, 784 Winch, 146 Zapatistalar, 783, 784, 856 Windolf, 416, 995 Zeigler, 372, 901, 996 Witte, 380, 845, 995 Zeitlin, 9, 367, 397, 399, 402, 962, 996, Wittgenstein, 187, 995 997 Wlezien, 303, 305, 979, 995 Zhao, 455, 997 Wolf, 37, 519, 525, 526, 536, 995 Zimbabwe, 455, 961, 969 Wolfgang Sachs, 970 Zimmerman, 353, 970 Womack, 613 Zizek, 190, 194, 197, 201, 202, 204, 206, Wood, 519, 541, 995 207, 888, 937, 986, 997 Woodhouse, 636, 637, 941 Zorn, 803, 804, 921 Woodman, 714, 995 Zylan, 430

1022