APHA Annual Meeting 2018 Newsletter
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Theodore Marcos E Elizabeth.P65
A TRANSIÇÃO DE SAÚDE PÚBLICA `INTERNACIONAL’ PARA `GLOBAL’ BROWN, Th. M.; CUETO, M.; FEE, E.: A transição de saúde pública ‘internacional’ para ‘global’ e a Organização Mundial da Saúde. História, Ciências, Saúde – Manguinhos, v. 13, n. 3, p. 623-47, jul.-set. 2006. No contexto da saúde pública internacional, ‘saúde global’ parece estar emergindo como A transição de um termo de reconhecida preferência. Este artigo apresenta uma análise crítica do significado e importância de ‘saúde global’, e saúde pública situa sua crescente popularidade no contexto histórico. Um foco específico deste estudo é ‘internacional’ o papel da Organização Mundial da Saúde – OMS, tanto na saúde ‘internacional’ quanto na para ‘global’ e a ‘global’, e como um agente na transição de uma para outra. Entre 1948 e 1998 a OMS enfrentou dificuldades, ao deparar com uma Organização crise organizacional, cortes orçamentários e 1 status diminuído, especialmente em face da Mundial da Saúde crescente influência de novos e poderosos atores, como o Banco Mundial. Sugerimos que a OMS começou a remodelar-se e a reposicionar-se nos papéis de coordenação, planejamento estratégico e liderança de The transition from iniciativas de ‘saúde global’, em resposta a esse contexto internacional em ‘international’ to transformação. PALAVRAS-CHAVE: saúde pública ‘global’ public health internacional; saúde pública global; and the World Health Organização Mundial da Saúde. BROWN, Th. M.; CUETO, M.; FEE, E.: The Organization transition from ‘international’ to ‘global’ public health and the World Health Organization. História, Ciências, Saúde – Manguinhos, v. 13, n. 3, p. 623-47, July-Sept. 2006. Within the context of international public health, ‘global health’ seems to be emerging as a recognized term of preference. -
The History of Health Equity: Concept and Vision 150
Diversity and Equality in Health and Care (2017) 14(3): 148-152 2017 Insight Medical Publishing Group Review Article TheResearch History Article of Health Equity: Concept and VisionOpen Access Elizabeth Fee* and Ana Rita Gonzalez Princeton University, Florida, 33176, USA ABSTRACT Health equity has long been an ideal, with roots in social the terms “health equity” and “inequity” in their statements medicine reaching back into the mid-nineteenth century when of mission and purpose. In 1971, Julian Tudor Hart coined visionary public health leaders and social critics recognized the Inverse Care Law: "The availability of good medical care that social and class inequalities led to inequities in health. tends to vary inversely with the need of the population served.” The Constitution of the World Health Organization states that Other analysts have pointed out that medical care is only one “the highest standards of health should be within reach of all, of the requirements for good health, with income, education, without distinction of race, religion, political belief, economic nutrition, sanitation, and living and working conditions all or social condition”. The Universal Declaration of Human being essential determinants of health. Margaret Whitehead Rights of the United Nations states that “everyone has the right has emphasized the difference between health differentials that to a standard of living adequate for the health and well-being are unavoidable, and those that are avoidable and preventable; of himself and of his family” and that “Everyone is entitled the latter were health inequities and recognized as injustices. to all the rights and freedoms set forth in this Declaration, This essay traces the history of the idea of health equity and without distinction of any kind, such as race, color, sex, raises questions about the translation of the concept into language, religion, political or other opinion, national or social practice. -
October 2018 AAHM 2018: the Buckeye State Welcomes You!
Issue No.118 October 2018 AAHM 2018: The Buckeye State welcomes you! Join us for the 92nd annual meeting of the American Association for the History of Medicine (AAHM) at the Hyatt Regency in downtown Columbus, 25-28 April 2019! Program Highlights: We have taken advantage of one of Ohio State University’s academic treasures for our meeting this year. The Ohio State University is home to the Billy Ireland Cartoon Library & Museum, and the staff jumped at our suggestion that they curate an exhibit on medical cartoons specifically for the 2019 AAHM meeting. “Drawing Blood: Comics and Medicine” will open on April 20, 2019, and our Saturday night reception and awards ceremony will be held in the Billy Ireland museum on the Ohio University campus so that AAHM members can spend ample time enjoying the exhibit. Given the cartoon theme of the conference, the plenary session on Friday morning will also center on medically related cartoons in history. Some program innovations will also be introduced at the 2019 AAHM meeting. Instead of posters, this year’s meeting will feature “flash talks,” a new format for the presentation of works in progress—in addition to the traditional panels/symposia and papers. These 5-minute presentations are specifically intended to increase the participation and visibility of graduate students’ work, and to provide a dynamic space for the discussion of innovative trends of scholarship in the history of medicine. The Program Committee has worked particularly hard to recruit scholars from a diverse array of disciplinary backgrounds with subjects of inquiry that represent the broad geographic and chronological reach of our field. -
Theorizing Global Health João Biehl
THINK PIECES Theorizing global health João Biehl Abstract Reflecting on the recent West African Ebola outbreak, this piece advocates for a critical and people-centered approach both to and within global health. I discuss the current state of the field as well as critical theoretical responses to it, arguing that an ethnographic focus on evidence and efficacy at the local level raises rather than lowers the bar for thoughtful inquiry and action. The current moment calls less for the all-knowing hubris of totalizing analytical schemes than for a human science (and politics) of the uncertain and unknown. It is the immanent negotiations of people, institutions, technologies, evidence, social forms, ecosystems, health, efficacy, and ethics – in their temporary stabilization, production, excess, and creation – that animate the unfinishedness of ethnography and critical global health. Keywords theories of global health, ethnographic theorizing, critical global health We live in interconnected, yet also radically unequal, insecure, and unhealthy worlds: exhausted worlds. The spread of infectious disease across borders, struggles over access to treatments, and the rise in chronic disease pose highly complex and often unpredictable challenges – realities that are, time and again, couched in the vocabulary of emergency, hinging on a temporality that insists on a break with the past, and a rhetoric of compassion and recovery even as conditions stagnate or worsen. Accelerating environmental change, the visible and invisible wounds of ongoing war and mass migration, and the tolls of poverty and discrimination within precarious health systems all create conditions of dire vulnerability. What algorithms generate insight into the medical and political dimensions of present and Medicine Anthropology Theory 3, no. -
The World Health Organization and the Dilemmas of the Cold War and the Post–Cold War Periods
Cambridge University Press 978-1-108-48357-5 — The World Health Organization Marcos Cueto , Theodore M. Brown , Elizabeth Fee Excerpt More Information Introduction: The World Health Organization and the Dilemmas of the Cold War and the Post–Cold War Periods This book is a narrative history of the world’s principal multilateral health agency during its 70 years of existence (1948 to early 2018). According to its Constitution, the mission of the World Health Organization (WHO) was nothing less than the “attainment by all peoples of the highest possible level of health,” without distinction of race, religion, political belief, economic status, or social condition. The book will offer a synthetic overview and assessment of how consistently and how well the WHO has pursued this mission and will identify the two perspectives that have marked its history and its changing place in global health. During its first decades of existence, the United Nations’ specialized health agency was the acknowledged international leader on matters of health and disease and was at the center of a global network of scientists, physicians, and health policy makers. The agency played a preeminent role in the political validation of international health as a field during the second half of the twentieth century and helped shape the notion of technical health assistance for developing countries. But toward the end of the 1980s, the agency was accused of inefficiency, lack of transparency, and irrelevance. The role of the agency as the coordinating authority for international health was seriously questioned, and it increasingly had to surrender to or compete with private and public organizations that staked claims in global health.