Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics www.iop.org/journals/jcap http://jcap.sissa.it SISSA International School for Advanced Studies Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics Image: NASA and the Hubble Heritage Team (STScl/AURA) Presenting JCAP We’re delighted to present an outstanding new journal, the Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics. The journal launched in spring 2003 and is published in partnership between Institute of Physics Publishing and the International School for Advanced Studies (SISSA). JCAP brings together cutting-edge research in all within the first nine months and have already published aspects of cosmology and particle astrophysics. The over 1000 pages of research. journal’s remit encompasses theoretical, observational JCAP has already fulfilled its promise of being an and experimental areas as well as computation and invaluable resource for scientists working in particle simulation. JCAP has made an immediate impact astrophysics and cosmology, as well as astronomers within the community and has been entered in the Core and physicists working in high energy and particle List of Physics and Astronomy Journals at physics. A subscription to JCAP is an indispensable http://ads.harvard.edu/books/claj/. We reached our addition to any institution with an interest in these fast target of 60 papers to be published in the first year, moving fields of research. Images NASA/CXC/ Digitized Sky Survey U.K. NRAO/VLA/ NASA/CXC/MIT/ M. Karovska et al. Schmidt Image/STScl. Schiminovich et al. F. K. Baganoff et al. Editorial Board SISSA have appointed a distinguished board of editors and advisors who direct the scientific content, peer-review and development of the journal. Advisory Board Marc Kamionkowski (Caltech, USA) John Bahcall (Princeton, Institute for Advanced Rocky Kolb (CERN, Switzerland, and Fermilab, Study, USA) Chicago, USA) Roger D. Blandford (California Institute of Andrew Lange (Caltech, USA) Technology, Pasadena, USA) Piero Madau (UC Santa Cruz, USA) Andrei Linde (Stanford, USA) John Miller (SISSA, Trieste, Italy) Martin Rees (Institute of Astronomy and Viatcheslav Mukhanov (Munich, Germany) King's College, Cambridge, UK) Angela V. Olinto (Chicago, USA) Michael S. Turner (Chicago, USA) Tsvi Piran (Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel) Gabriele Veneziano (CERN, Switzerland) Joel Primack (UC Santa Cruz, USA) Georg Raffelt (Max Planck Institute, Munich, Germany) Editorial Board Esteban Roulet (CONICET, Bariloche, Argentina) Carl W. Akerlof (Michigan, USA) Hector Rubinstein (Stockholm, Sweden) Barry C. Barish (Caltech, USA) Misao Sasaki (Osaka, Japan) Lars Bergstrom (Stockholm, Sweden) Mikhail E. Shaposhnikov (Lausanne, Switzerland) Robert Brandenberger (Brown, USA) Alexei Y. Smirnov (ICTP, Trieste, Italy) Thibault Damour (IHES, France) Alexey Starobinsky (Landau Institute of Theoretical Ulf Danielsson (Uppsala, Sweden) Physics, Russia) Paolo de Bernardis (Scuola Normale Mario Vietri (Scuola Normale Superiore, Pisa, Italy) Superiore, Pisa, Italy) Eli Waxman (Weizmann Institute, Israel) Avishai Dekel (Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel) Ariel Goobar (Stockholm, Sweden) Shaul Hanany (Minnesota, USA) Abstracted in: Chemical Abstracts; Inspec® Information Marc Henneaux (Brussels, Belgium) Services; NASA Astrophysics Data System; SLAC SPIRES Hans-Thomas Janka (Garching, Germany) Database; VINITI Abstracts Journal; Zentralblatt MATH Takaaki Kajita (ICRR, Tokyo, Japan) and ISI (Science Citation Expanded® and Current Nemanja Kaloper (University of California, USA) Contents®/Physical, Chemical and Earth Sciences). Editorial Office All submissions and refereeing are handled by the JCAP Editorial Office at SISSA. For information about submissions, please e-mail [email protected] or visit http://jcap.sissa.it. Coverage JCAP encompasses theoretical, observational and experimental areas as well as computation and simulation. The journal’s coverage includes all aspects of cosmology and particle astrophysics including: • Early Universe: inflationary cosmology, the origin of the cosmic asymmetry between matter and anti-matter, big-bang nucleosynthesis, cosmic microwave background • Large-scale structure of the Universe: including formation, clustering and dynamics of galaxies, intergalactic and interstellar matter, active galactic nuclei, and simulations of galaxy and star formation • Dark matter and dark energy: the nature of dark matter and its detection, vacuum energy and quintessence • Neutrino physics and astronomy • Gravitational waves and gravitational lensing • Particle and nuclear astrophysics • Black holes, neutron stars and supernovae and their impact on cosmology • Gamma-ray and x-ray astrophysics • String theory and cosmology Subscribe to JCAP in 2004 to benefit from: • Rigorously peer reviewed articles • Coverage of cutting-edge research in all aspects of • Electronic only publication enabling extensive cosmology and related topics in astrophysics and multimedia and colour (simulations, data sets, particle physics videos, etc.) • Full services offered by the Institute of Physics’ • A distinguished board of editors and advisors award-winning Electronic Journals service directing scientific content and development • A low annual subscription fee How to subscribe: Ensure you enjoy access to this essential new journal by subscribing or recommending that your institution subscribe today using the form attached. JCAP is included in a number of IOP’s money saving journal packages, Packs A, B and Z and the new Pack H for 2004. For more information, please contact your regional representative. A full list of representatives is available at www.iop.org/EJ/enquiries. http://jcap.sissa.it www.iop.org/journals/jcap http://jcap.sissa.it www.iop.org/journals/jcap Library Recommendation Form Please pass this form onto your librarian to recommend Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics. Dear Librarian/Department Head/Library Committee I recommend that we subscribe to Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics (electronic-only) in 2004 (ISSN: 1475-7516) for the following reasons: I will need to refer to this journal for my work I will be referring my students to this journal regularly Other (please specify) Name Department Signature E-mail Contact Information How to order: To place your order for Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics, please contact your regional office at the relevant address. Orders for all our journals can be placed through subscription agents or prepaid to the relevant address. EUROPE AND REST OF WORLD Customer Services Department, Institute of Physics Publishing Dirac House, Temple Back, Bristol BS1 6BE, UK Tel: +44 (0) 117 929 7481 - Fax: +44 (0) 117 929 4318 - E-mail: [email protected] USA, CANADA & MEXICO (Orders only) Institute of Physics Publishing c/o American Institute of Physics, PO Box 503284, St Louis, MO 63150-3284, USA Tel: 800 344-6901 - Fax: (516) 349-9704 - E-mail: [email protected] USA, CANADA & MEXICO (Information only) Institute of Physics Publishing The Public Ledger Building, Suite 929, 150 South Independence Mall West, Philadelphia, PA 19106, USA Tel: (215) 627-0880 - Fax: (215) 627-0879 - E-mail: [email protected] CHINA China National Publications Import & Export (Group) Corporation Periodicals Department, 16 Gongti East Road, Beijing 100020, People’s Republic of China Tel: +86 (010) 6508 6953 - Fax: +86 (010) 6586 6970 JAPAN Maruzen Co. Ltd, 3-10 Nihonbashi, 2-Chome, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 103, Japan Tel: +81 (0)3 3275 8591 - Fax: +81 (0)3 3275 0657 - E-mail: [email protected] Subscription Order Form Please enter my institutional subscription to Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics (electronic-only) in 2004 ISSN 1475-7516 EUROPEAN UNION AND REST OF WORLD* £500.00 (excluding VAT) £587.50 (including VAT at the applicable rate) * All EU subscribers, with the exception of the UK, are exempt from Value Added Tax (VAT) if they provide their VAT/TVA/Mwst, etc. number when placing an order. EU subscribers outside the UK not providing their VAT/TVA/Mwst, etc. number will be subject to VAT at the prevailing UK rate. Your choice of payment I enclose a £ sterling cheque payable to IOP Publishing Ltd I have made remittance to Lloyds TSB, Bristol Branch, 55 Corn Street, Bristol BS99 7LE (bank code 30-00-01) for Institute of Physics Publishing Ltd account number 1844973 Please supply a pro-forma invoice Please charge my credit card: MasterCard Visa Card number Expiry date / Signature If paying by credit card, please use billing address. If your institution does not already have electronic access to the IOP journals to which you subscribe, register by completing the online form at: www.iop.org/icons/Journals/sitereg.pdf. Your details (please print clearly) Name Job Title Institution Address City/State Postcode/Zip Country Telephone Fax E-mail VAT/TVA/Mwst number*.
Recommended publications
  • Prebiological Evolution and the Metabolic Origins of Life
    Prebiological Evolution and the Andrew J. Pratt* Metabolic Origins of Life University of Canterbury Keywords Abiogenesis, origin of life, metabolism, hydrothermal, iron Abstract The chemoton model of cells posits three subsystems: metabolism, compartmentalization, and information. A specific model for the prebiological evolution of a reproducing system with rudimentary versions of these three interdependent subsystems is presented. This is based on the initial emergence and reproduction of autocatalytic networks in hydrothermal microcompartments containing iron sulfide. The driving force for life was catalysis of the dissipation of the intrinsic redox gradient of the planet. The codependence of life on iron and phosphate provides chemical constraints on the ordering of prebiological evolution. The initial protometabolism was based on positive feedback loops associated with in situ carbon fixation in which the initial protometabolites modified the catalytic capacity and mobility of metal-based catalysts, especially iron-sulfur centers. A number of selection mechanisms, including catalytic efficiency and specificity, hydrolytic stability, and selective solubilization, are proposed as key determinants for autocatalytic reproduction exploited in protometabolic evolution. This evolutionary process led from autocatalytic networks within preexisting compartments to discrete, reproducing, mobile vesicular protocells with the capacity to use soluble sugar phosphates and hence the opportunity to develop nucleic acids. Fidelity of information transfer in the reproduction of these increasingly complex autocatalytic networks is a key selection pressure in prebiological evolution that eventually leads to the selection of nucleic acids as a digital information subsystem and hence the emergence of fully functional chemotons capable of Darwinian evolution. 1 Introduction: Chemoton Subsystems and Evolutionary Pathways Living cells are autocatalytic entities that harness redox energy via the selective catalysis of biochemical transformations.
    [Show full text]
  • Why Can't Cosmology Be More Open?
    ISSN: 2641-886X International Journal of Cosmology, Astronomy and Astrophysics Opinion Article Open Access Why can’t Cosmology be more open? Jayant Narlikar* Inter-University Centre for Astronomy and Astrophysics, Ganeshkhind, Post Bag 4, Pune-411007, India Article Info Keywords: Cosmology, Galaxy, Big Bang, Spectrum *Corresponding author: More than two millennia back, Pythagoreans believed that the Earth went round a Jayant Narlikar central fire, with the Sun lying well outside its orbit. When sceptics asked,” Why can’t we Emeritus Professor see the fire?”, theorists had to postulate that there was a ‘counter-Earth’ going around Inter-University Centre for Astronomy and Astrophysics the central fire in an inner orbit that blocked our view of the fire. The sceptics asked Ganeshkhind, Post Bag 4 again: why don’t we see this ‘counter-Earth’? The theorists replied that this happened Pune, India because Greece was facing away from it. In due course this explanation too was also Tel: +91-20-25604100 shot down by people sailing around and looking from other directions. Fax: +91-20-25604698 E-mail: [email protected] I have elaborated this ancient episode because it holds a moral for scientists. When you are on the wrong track, you may have to invoke additional assumptions, like the Received: November 5, 2018 counter-Earth, to prop up your original theory against an observed fact. If there is no Accepted: November 15, 2018 other independent support for these assumptions, the entire structure becomes suspect. Published: January 2, 2019 The scientific approach then requires a critical re-examination of the basic paradigm.
    [Show full text]
  • Arxiv:1803.02804V1 [Hep-Ph] 7 Mar 2018 It Must Have Some Rather Specific Characteristics
    FERMILAB-PUB-18-066-A Severely Constraining Dark Matter Interpretations of the 21-cm Anomaly Asher Berlina,∗ Dan Hooperb;c;d,y Gordan Krnjaicb,z and Samuel D. McDermottbx aSLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park CA, 94025, USA bFermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Theoretical Astrophysics Group, Batavia, IL, USA cUniversity of Chicago, Kavli Institute for Cosmological Physics, Chicago IL, USA and dUniversity of Chicago, Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics, Chicago IL, USA (Dated: March 8, 2018) The EDGES Collaboration has recently reported the detection of a stronger-than-expected ab- sorption feature in the global 21-cm spectrum, centered at a frequency corresponding to a redshift of z ∼ 17. This observation has been interpreted as evidence that the gas was cooled during this era as a result of scattering with dark matter. In this study, we explore this possibility, applying constraints from the cosmic microwave background, light element abundances, Supernova 1987A, and a variety of laboratory experiments. After taking these constraints into account, we find that the vast majority of the parameter space capable of generating the observed 21-cm signal is ruled out. The only range of models that remains viable is that in which a small fraction, ∼ 0:3 − 2%, of the dark matter consists of particles with a mass of ∼ 10 − 80 MeV and which couple to the photon through a small electric charge, ∼ 10−6 −10−4. Furthermore, in order to avoid being overproduced in the early universe, such models must be supplemented with an additional depletion mechanism, such as annihilations through a Lµ − Lτ gauge boson or annihilations to a pair of rapidly decaying hidden sector scalars.
    [Show full text]
  • Report from the Dark Energy Task Force (DETF)
    Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory Fermilab Particle Astrophysics Center P.O.Box 500 - MS209 Batavia, Il l i noi s • 60510 June 6, 2006 Dr. Garth Illingworth Chair, Astronomy and Astrophysics Advisory Committee Dr. Mel Shochet Chair, High Energy Physics Advisory Panel Dear Garth, Dear Mel, I am pleased to transmit to you the report of the Dark Energy Task Force. The report is a comprehensive study of the dark energy issue, perhaps the most compelling of all outstanding problems in physical science. In the Report, we outline the crucial need for a vigorous program to explore dark energy as fully as possible since it challenges our understanding of fundamental physical laws and the nature of the cosmos. We recommend that program elements include 1. Prompt critical evaluation of the benefits, costs, and risks of proposed long-term projects. 2. Commitment to a program combining observational techniques from one or more of these projects that will lead to a dramatic improvement in our understanding of dark energy. (A quantitative measure for that improvement is presented in the report.) 3. Immediately expanded support for long-term projects judged to be the most promising components of the long-term program. 4. Expanded support for ancillary measurements required for the long-term program and for projects that will improve our understanding and reduction of the dominant systematic measurement errors. 5. An immediate start for nearer term projects designed to advance our knowledge of dark energy and to develop the observational and analytical techniques that will be needed for the long-term program. Sincerely yours, on behalf of the Dark Energy Task Force, Edward Kolb Director, Particle Astrophysics Center Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory Professor of Astronomy and Astrophysics The University of Chicago REPORT OF THE DARK ENERGY TASK FORCE Dark energy appears to be the dominant component of the physical Universe, yet there is no persuasive theoretical explanation for its existence or magnitude.
    [Show full text]
  • Kinetic Decoupling of Neutralino Dark Matter
    RAPID COMMUNICATIONS PHYSICAL REVIEW D, VOLUME 64, 021302͑R͒ Kinetic decoupling of neutralino dark matter Xuelei Chen* Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, 174 West 18th Avenue, Columbus, Ohio 43210 Marc Kamionkowski† California Institute of Technology, Mail Code 130-33, Pasadena, California 91225 Xinmin Zhang‡ Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 918-4, Beijing 100039, People’s Republic of China ͑Received 27 March 2001; published 25 June 2001͒ After neutralinos cease annihilating in the early Universe, they may still scatter elastically from other particles in the primordial plasma. At some point in time, however, they will eventually stop scattering. We calculate the cross sections for neutralino elastic scattering from standard-model particles to determine the time at which this kinetic decoupling occurs. We show that kinetic decoupling occurs above a temperature T ϳMeV. Thereafter, neutralinos act as collisionless cold dark matter. DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevD.64.021302 PACS number͑s͒: 98.80.Cq, 13.15.ϩg, 12.60.Jv, 95.35.ϩd I. INTRODUCTION matter candidates, Gunn et al. ͓6͔ showed that they would fall out of kinetic equilibrium shortly after their annihilation Neutralinos provide perhaps the most promising candidate freezes out. Later, Schmid et al. ͓7͔ estimated the decoupling for the mysterious dark matter in galactic halos ͑see, e.g., temperature of neutralino-neutrino interaction. In this paper Refs. ͓1,2͔ for reviews͒. Such particles would have existed in we consider the process of kinetic decoupling of neutralinos thermal equilibrium in the early Universe when the tempera- in more detail. We calculate the cross sections for elastic ture exceeded the mass of the particle.
    [Show full text]
  • NASA Technical Memorandum 0000
    NASA/TM–2016-219182 Frontier In-Situ Resource Utilization for Enabling Sustained Human Presence on Mars Robert W. Moses and Dennis M. Bushnell Langley Research Center, Hampton, Virginia April 2016 NASA STI Program . in Profile Since its founding, NASA has been dedicated to the CONFERENCE PUBLICATION. advancement of aeronautics and space science. The Collected papers from scientific and technical NASA scientific and technical information (STI) conferences, symposia, seminars, or other program plays a key part in helping NASA maintain meetings sponsored or this important role. co-sponsored by NASA. The NASA STI program operates under the auspices SPECIAL PUBLICATION. Scientific, of the Agency Chief Information Officer. It collects, technical, or historical information from NASA organizes, provides for archiving, and disseminates programs, projects, and missions, often NASA’s STI. The NASA STI program provides access concerned with subjects having substantial to the NTRS Registered and its public interface, the public interest. NASA Technical Reports Server, thus providing one of the largest collections of aeronautical and space TECHNICAL TRANSLATION. science STI in the world. Results are published in both English-language translations of foreign non-NASA channels and by NASA in the NASA STI scientific and technical material pertinent to Report Series, which includes the following report NASA’s mission. types: Specialized services also include organizing TECHNICAL PUBLICATION. Reports of and publishing research results, distributing completed research or a major significant phase of specialized research announcements and feeds, research that present the results of NASA providing information desk and personal search Programs and include extensive data or theoretical support, and enabling data exchange services.
    [Show full text]
  • The Socio-Economic Control of a Scientific Paradigm: Life As a Cosmic Phenomenon
    THE SOCIO-ECONOMIC CONTROL OF A SCIENTIFIC PARADIGM: LIFE AS A COSMIC PHENOMENON N.Chandra Wickramasinghe1 and Gensuke Tokoro2 1Buckingham Centre for Astrobiology; 1University of Buckingham, Buckingham, UK 2Hitotsubashi University, Institute of Innovation Research, Tokyo, Japan Abstract A major paradigm shift with potentially profound implications has been taking place over the past 3 decades at a rapidly accelerating pace. The Copernican revolution of half a millennium ago is now being extended to place humanity on the Earth in its correct cosmic perspective - an assembly of cosmically derived genes, no more, no less, pieced together over 4 billion years of geological history against the processes of Darwinian natural selection. The evidence for our cosmic ancestry has now grown to the point that to deny it is a process fraught with imminent danger. We discuss the weight of modern scientific evidence from diverse sources, the history of development of the relevant ideas, and the socio-economic and historical forces that are responsible for dictating the pace of change. Keywords: panspermia, cosmic origins of life, economics, history of science 1. Introduction “Falsehood and delusion are allowed in no case whatever: but, as in the exercise of all the virtues, there is an economy of truth. It is a sort of temperance, by which a man speaks truth with measure that he may speak it the longer….” - Edmund Burke, 1849: The works of Edmund Burke, with a memoir 2. Harper & Brothers. p. 248. Economy of Truth is a principle of limitation often used by politicians whenever the Whole Truth is deemed strategically unwise. We show in this article that the same principle is used in science as a mode of controlling the flow of information, and the mechanism of control involves the collective, and often covert decisions of large and diffuse groups.
    [Show full text]
  • Evidence to Clinch the Theory of Extraterrestrial Life
    obiolog str y & f A O u o l t a r e n a Chandra Wickramasinghe, Astrobiol Outreach 2015, 3:2 r c u h o J Journal of Astrobiology & Outreach DOI: 10.4172/2332-2519.1000e107 ISSN: 2332-2519 EditorialResearch Article OpenOpen Access Access Evidence to Clinch the Theory of Extraterrestrial Life Chandra Wickramasinghe N1,2,3 1Buckingham Centre for Astrobiology (BCAB), Buckingham University, UK 2Institute for the Study of Panspermia and Astroeconomics, Gifu, Japan 3University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya, Sri Lanka New data may serve to bring about the long overdue paradigm probe) appears to have been finally vindicated, both by the discovery of shift from theories of Earth-centred life to life being a truly cosmic organic molecules on the surface, and more dramatically by the recent phenomenon. The theory that bacteria and viruses similar to those discovery of time-variable spikes in methane observed by the Curiosity on Earth exist in comets, other planets and generally throughout the galaxy was developed as a serious scientific discipline from the early 1980’s [1-4]. Throughout the past three decades this idea has often been Relectivity Spectrum the subject of criticism, denial or even ridicule. Even though many discoveries in astronomy, geology and biology continued to provide supportive evidence for the theory of cosmic life, the rival theory of Earth-centered biology has remained deeply rooted in scientific culture. However, several recent developments are beginning to strain the credibility of the standard point of view. The great abundance of highly complex organic molecules in interstellar clouds [5], the plentiful existence of habitable planets in the galaxy numbering over 100 billion and separated one from another just by a few light years [6], the extreme space-survival properties of bacteria and viruses -make it exceedingly difficult to avoid the conclusion that the entire galaxy is a single connected biosphere.
    [Show full text]
  • Chaotic Universe Model Ekrem Aydiner
    www.nature.com/scientificreports OPEN Chaotic universe model Ekrem Aydiner In this study, we consider nonlinear interactions between components such as dark energy, dark matter, matter and radiation in the framework of the Friedman-Robertson-Walker space-time and propose a simple interaction model based on the time evolution of the densities of these components. Received: 28 July 2017 By using this model we show that these interactions can be given by Lotka-Volterra type equations. We numerically solve these coupling equations and show that interaction dynamics between dark Accepted: 15 December 2017 energy-dark matter-matter or dark energy-dark matter-matter-radiation has a strange attractor for Published: xx xx xxxx 0 > wde >−1, wdm ≥ 0, wm ≥ 0 and wr ≥ 0 values. These strange attractors with the positive Lyapunov exponent clearly show that chaotic dynamics appears in the time evolution of the densities. These results provide that the time evolution of the universe is chaotic. The present model may have potential to solve some of the cosmological problems such as the singularity, cosmic coincidence, big crunch, big rip, horizon, oscillation, the emergence of the galaxies, matter distribution and large-scale organization of the universe. The model also connects between dynamics of the competing species in biological systems and dynamics of the time evolution of the universe and ofers a new perspective and a new diferent scenario for the universe evolution. Te formation, structure, dynamics and evolution of the universe has always been of interest. It is commonly accepted that modern cosmology began with the publication of Einstein’s seminal article in 19171.
    [Show full text]
  • FARSIDE Probe Study Final Report
    Study Participants List, Disclaimers, and Acknowledgements Study Participants List Principal Authors Jack O. Burns, University of Colorado Boulder Gregg Hallinan, California Institute of Technology Co-Authors Jim Lux, NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Andres Romero-Wolf, NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Technology Institute of Technology Lawrence Teitelbaum, NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Tzu-Ching Chang, NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology Institute of Technology Jonathon Kocz, California Institute of Technology Judd Bowman, Arizona State University Robert MacDowall, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center Justin Kasper, University of Michigan Richard Bradley, National Radio Astronomy Observatory Marin Anderson, California Institute of Technology David Rapetti, University of Colorado Boulder Zhongwen Zhen, California Institute of Technology Wenbo Wu, California Institute of Technology Jonathan Pober, Brown University Steven Furlanetto, UCLA Jordan Mirocha, McGill University Alex Austin, NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology Disclaimers/Acknowledgements Part of this research was carried out at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, under a contract with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. The cost information contained in this document is of a budgetary and planning nature and is intended for informational purposes only. It does not constitute a commitment on the part of JPL and/or Caltech © 2019.
    [Show full text]
  • Table of Contents (Print)
    PHYSICAL REVIEW D PERIODICALS For editorial and subscription correspondence, Postmaster send address changes to: please see inside front cover (ISSN: 1550-7998) APS Subscription Services P.O. Box 41 Annapolis Junction, MD 20701 THIRD SERIES, VOLUME 97, NUMBER 12 CONTENTS D15 JUNE 2018 The Table of Contents is a total listing of Parts A and B. Part A consists of articles 121301–124019, and Part B articles 124020–129903(E) PART A RAPID COMMUNICATIONS Emergent dark energy from dark matter (6 pages) ................................................................................... 121301(R) Takeshi Kobayashi and Pedro G. Ferreira ARTICLES Search for gamma-ray emission from the nearby dwarf spheroidal galaxies with 9 years of Fermi-LAT data (7 pages) 122001 Shang Li, Kai-Kai Duan, Yun-Feng Liang, Zi-Qing Xia, Zhao-Qiang Shen, Xiang Li, Neng-Hui Liao, Lei Feng, Qiang Yuan, Yi-Zhong Fan, and Jin Chang Calibrating the system dynamics of LISA Pathfinder (14 pages) .................................................................. 122002 M. Armano et al. Particle swarm optimization of the sensitivity of a cryogenic gravitational wave detector (12 pages) ...................... 122003 Yuta Michimura, Kentaro Komori, Atsushi Nishizawa, Hiroki Takeda, Koji Nagano, Yutaro Enomoto, Kazuhiro Hayama, Kentaro Somiya, and Masaki Ando Reconstruction of cosmic ray air showers with Tunka-Rex data using template fitting of radio pulses (10 pages) ....... 122004 P. A. Bezyazeekov, N. M. Budnev, D. Chernykh, O. Fedorov, O. A. Gress, A. Haungs, R. Hiller, T. Huege, Y. Kazarina, M. Kleifges, D. Kostunin, E. E. Korosteleva, L. A. Kuzmichev, V. Lenok, N. Lubsandorzhiev, T. Marshalkina, R. R. Mirgazov, R. Monkhoev, E. Osipova, A. Pakhorukov, L. Pankov, V. V. Prosin, F.
    [Show full text]
  • On the Cometary Origin of the Polonnaruwa Meteorite
    Journal of Cosmology, Vol,21, No,38 published, 13 January 2013 ON THE COMETARY ORIGIN OF THE POLONNARUWA METEORITE N. C. Wickramasinghe*1, J. Wallis2, D.H. Wallis1, M.K. Wallis1, S. Al-Mufti1, J.T. Wickramasinghe1, Anil Samaranayake+3 and K. Wickramarathne3 1Buckingham Centre for Astrobiology, University of Buckingham, Buckingham, UK 2School of Mathematics, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK 3Medical Research Institute, Colombo, Sri Lanka ABSTRACT The diatoms discovered in the Polonnaruwa meteorite are interpreted as originating in comets and the dust in interstellar space. The exceptionally porous structure of the Polonnaruwa meteorite points to it being a recently denuded cometary fragment. Microorganisms that were present in a freeze-dried state within pores and cavities may have survived entry to be added to the terrestrial biosphere. Keywords: Meteorites, Carbonaceous chondrites, Diatoms, Comets, Panspermia Corresponding authors: *Professor N.C. Wickramasinghe, Director, Buckingham Centre for Astrobiology, University of Buckingham, Buckingham, UK: email – [email protected] +Dr Anil Samaranayake, Director, Medical Research Institute, Ministry of Health, Colombo, Sri Lanka: email – [email protected] 1 Journal of Cosmology, Vol,21, No,38 published, 13 January 2013 1. Introduction Over many years Hoyle and Wickramasinghe (2000) have argued that comets begin their lives as aggregates of interstellar grains mixed with water-ice derived from the solar nebula. The interstellar grains have been shown to be spectroscopically indistinguishable from a mixture of desiccated bacteria and diatoms with relatively minor admixtures of inorganic silicate, iron and graphite grains (Wickramasinghe, Hoyle and D.H.Wallis, 1997; Hoyle and Wickramasinghe, 1990, 2000). A small cometary fragment, <10km in radius, would have an initially melted core that remains in a liquid condition for ~ 1 million years due to heat generated by the decay of 26Al and 60Fe (Wickramasinghe, J.T et al, 2009; Wickramasinghe, J.T.
    [Show full text]