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Natural Resources Conservation Service Conservation General Specifications
NATURAL RESOURCES CONSERVATION SERVICE CONSERVATION GENERAL SPECIFICATIONS RIPARIAN FOREST BUFFER (Acre) Code 391 Procedures, technical details and other establishing new buffers. Ecological life information listed below provide additional zones, described by Ewel & Withmore, 1973, guidance for carrying out selected for Puerto Rico and the U. S. Virgin Islands components of the Riparian Forest Buffer. are major climatic divisions and define the This material is referenced from the conditions for ecosystem functioning (see conservation practice standard for the pages 5 and 6 for Ecological Life Zones map named practice and supplements the for Puerto Rico and U. S. Virgin Islands). requirements and considerations listed therein. Natural regeneration may be used to establish a buffer if the following conditions PLANTING DENSITIES exist: Initial plant-to-plant densities for trees and • There is an adequate natural seed shrubs will depend on their potential height source of desired species in adjacent at 20 years of age. Heights may be areas. estimated based on performance of the • Site conditions are favorable for individual species (or comparable species) establishing the desired number and in nearby areas on similar sites, or distribution of seedlings within specified technical references. Planting density time period. specifications are: • Noxious or invasive species are not likely to jeopardize the stand. Plant Plant-to-Plant CARE, HANDLING, SIZE AND PLANTING Types/Heights: Spacing (ft) REQUIREMENTS FOR WOODY PLANTING Shrubs 3 to 15 STOCK Trees 8 to 20 Planting stock will be stored in a cool, moist environment. During all stages of handling PLANT LIST and storage, keep stock tops dry and free of Table 1 includes the lists of woody plant mold and roots moist and cool. -
Approved Plant List 10/04/12
FLORIDA The best time to plant a tree is 20 years ago, the second best time to plant a tree is today. City of Sunrise Approved Plant List 10/04/12 Appendix A 10/4/12 APPROVED PLANT LIST FOR SINGLE FAMILY HOMES SG xx Slow Growing “xx” = minimum height in Small Mature tree height of less than 20 feet at time of planting feet OH Trees adjacent to overhead power lines Medium Mature tree height of between 21 – 40 feet U Trees within Utility Easements Large Mature tree height greater than 41 N Not acceptable for use as a replacement feet * Native Florida Species Varies Mature tree height depends on variety Mature size information based on Betrock’s Florida Landscape Plants Published 2001 GROUP “A” TREES Common Name Botanical Name Uses Mature Tree Size Avocado Persea Americana L Bahama Strongbark Bourreria orata * U, SG 6 S Bald Cypress Taxodium distichum * L Black Olive Shady Bucida buceras ‘Shady Lady’ L Lady Black Olive Bucida buceras L Brazil Beautyleaf Calophyllum brasiliense L Blolly Guapira discolor* M Bridalveil Tree Caesalpinia granadillo M Bulnesia Bulnesia arboria M Cinnecord Acacia choriophylla * U, SG 6 S Group ‘A’ Plant List for Single Family Homes Common Name Botanical Name Uses Mature Tree Size Citrus: Lemon, Citrus spp. OH S (except orange, Lime ect. Grapefruit) Citrus: Grapefruit Citrus paradisi M Trees Copperpod Peltophorum pterocarpum L Fiddlewood Citharexylum fruticosum * U, SG 8 S Floss Silk Tree Chorisia speciosa L Golden – Shower Cassia fistula L Green Buttonwood Conocarpus erectus * L Gumbo Limbo Bursera simaruba * L -
A Conservation Framework for the Critically Endangered Endemic Species of the Caribbean Palm Coccothrinax
A conservation framework for the Critically Endangered endemic species of the Caribbean palm Coccothrinax B RETT J ESTROW,BRÍGIDO P EGUERO,FRANCISCO J IMÉNEZ,RAÚL V ERDECIA L ISBET G ONZÁLEZ-OLIVA,CELIO E. MOYA,WILLIAM C INEA,M.PATRICK G RIFFITH A LAN W. MEEROW,MIKE M AUNDER and J AVIER F RANCISCO-ORTEGA Abstract With threatened species ( categorized as plant exploration initiatives, taxonomic revisions, outreach, Critically Endangered and as Endangered, sensu IUCN), and fundraising. The ultimate aim of this review is to provide Coccothrinax (c. species) is the flagship palm genus for baseline information that will develop conservation synergy conservation in the Caribbean Island Biodiversity Hotspot. among relevant parties working on Coccothrinax conserva- Coccothrinax has its centre of taxonomic diversity in these tion in Cuba, Haiti and the Dominican Republic. Such colla- islands, with c. endemic species. We present a conservation borations could also benefit through partnerships with framework for the Critically Endangered species, found botanists working in other countries. in Cuba, Haiti or the Dominican Republic. Only two species Keywords Antilles, Arecaceae, IUCN, plant biodiversity, (C. jimenezii, C. montana) occur in more than one country red lists, taxonomy, tropical islands (Haiti and the Dominican Republic). Immediate threats include oil drilling and nickel mining, intrusion of saline water into soil, urban and agricultural development, low population recruitment, uncontrolled fires, interspecific hy- Introduction bridization, and unsustainable ethnobotanical practices. Coccothrinax bermudezii, C. borhidiana, C. crinita ssp. crini- alms are an iconic feature of the Caribbean landscape ta, C. leonis and C. spissa are not conserved in protected areas. Pand are associated with strong folk and ethnobotani- Coccothrinax bermudezii, C. -
Journal of the International Palm Society Vol. 58(4) Dec. 2014 the INTERNATIONAL PALM SOCIETY, INC
Palms Journal of the International Palm Society Vol. 58(4) Dec. 2014 THE INTERNATIONAL PALM SOCIETY, INC. The International Palm Society Palms (formerly PRINCIPES) Journal of The International Palm Society Founder: Dent Smith The International Palm Society is a nonprofit corporation An illustrated, peer-reviewed quarterly devoted to engaged in the study of palms. The society is inter- information about palms and published in March, national in scope with worldwide membership, and the June, September and December by The International formation of regional or local chapters affiliated with the Palm Society Inc., 9300 Sandstone St., Austin, TX international society is encouraged. Please address all 78737-1135 USA. inquiries regarding membership or information about Editors: John Dransfield, Herbarium, Royal Botanic the society to The International Palm Society Inc., 9300 Gardens, Kew, Richmond, Surrey, TW9 3AE, United Sandstone St., Austin, TX 78737-1135 USA, or by e-mail Kingdom, e-mail [email protected], tel. 44-20- to [email protected], fax 512-607-6468. 8332-5225, Fax 44-20-8332-5278. OFFICERS: Scott Zona, Dept. of Biological Sciences (OE 167), Florida International University, 11200 SW 8 Street, President: Leland Lai, 21480 Colina Drive, Topanga, Miami, Florida 33199 USA, e-mail [email protected], tel. California 90290 USA, e-mail [email protected], 1-305-348-1247, Fax 1-305-348-1986. tel. 1-310-383-2607. Associate Editor: Natalie Uhl, 228 Plant Science, Vice-Presidents: Jeff Brusseau, 1030 Heather Drive, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853 USA, e- Vista, California 92084 USA, e-mail mail [email protected], tel. 1-607-257-0885. -
Thrinax Radiata Family: Arecaceae Florida Thatch Palm, Jamaican Thatch, Thatch Palm, Chit
Stephen H. Brown, Horticulture Agent Donna Cressman, Master Gardener Lee County Extension, Fort Myers, Florida (239) 533-7513 [email protected] http://lee.ifas.ufl.edu/hort/GardenHome.shtml Thrinax radiata Family: Arecaceae Florida thatch palm, Jamaican thatch, thatch palm, chit Florida Thatch Palm Synonyms (Discarded names): Cocothrinax martii, C. radiate, Thrinax floridana, T. martii, T. multiflora; T. wendlandiana Origin: Extreme southern mainland coast of Florida, Florida Keys, Bahamas, western Cuba, Cayman Islands, Jamaica, Hispaniola, Puerto Rico, Yucatan Peninsula, Honduras, Nicaragua U.S.D.A. Zone: 10A-12B (28°F leaf damage) Growth Rate: Slow Typical Height: 20’ Habit: Solitary; canopy of 12-20 leaves Crownshaft: None Leaf: Palmate, induplicate, circular, slightly folded; divided about halfway into segments that are split at the tips; pointed hastula Leaf Size: 4-5’ wide; segments 2.5’ long, 2” wide Salt Tolerance: High Drought Tolerance: High Wind Tolerance: High Light Requirements: Moderate, high Soil: Widely adaptable Nutritional Requirements: Low Potential Insect Pests: Aphids; scales Propagation: Seeds Human hazards: None Uses: Small gardens; containers; outdoors patios; roadways; parking lots; seasides; specimen Left: The infructescence (fruited stems) hang in a circle around the trunk, sometimes extending beyond the leaf. Natural Geographic Distribution The Florida Thatch Palm, Thrinax radiata, is indigenous to the extreme southern mainland coast of Florida, the Florida Keys, Bahamas, western Cuba, The Cayman Islands, Jamaica, Hispaniola, Puerto Rico, Honduras, Nicaragua, and the eastern coast of the Yucatan Peninsula in Mexico and Belize. In na- ture, this palm almost always grows within the range of salt-laden winds near coastal areas. It grows naturally in sandy or calcareous soils. -
Samara Newsletter July & August 2020
SamaraThe International Newsletter of the Millennium Seed Bank Partnership Special issue featuring projects and research from The Global Tree Seed Bank Programme, funded by the Garfield Weston Foundation August/September 2020 Issue 35 ISSN 1475-8245 Juglans pyriformis in the State of Veracruz Conserving and investigating native tree seeds to support community-based reforestation initiatives in Mexico Veracruz Pronatura Photo: Mexico is the fourth richest country in the world in terms of plant Millennium Seed Bank. Seed research has species diversity, after Brazil, China, and Colombia with a flora of been carried out on 314 species to study ca. 23,000 vascular plants. Around half of the plant species are their tolerance to desiccation for seed endemic and nearly 3,500 are trees. banking and to determine germination requirements to inform propagation activities. One of the key project species ELENA CASTILLO-LORENZO (Latin America Projects Coordinator, RBG Kew), MICHAEL WAY is Cedrela odorata (Spanish cedar), whose (Conservation Partnership Coordinator (Americas, RBG Kew) & TIZIANA ULIAN (Senior Research conservation status is vulnerable (IUCN Leader – Diversity and Livelihoods, RBG Kew) 2020) due to exploitation for its highly Trees and forests provide multiple goods Iztacala of the Universidad Autónoma valued wood. C. odorata is also used for and benefits for humans, such as high- de México (Fes-I UNAM). The aim medicinal purposes by local communities quality wood, fruit, honey, and other of this project was to conserve tree in Mexico, with the leaves being prepared ecosystem services, including clean water, species through a collaborative research in herbal tea to treat toothache, earache, prevention of soil erosion and mitigation of programme focusing on endemic, and intestinal infections. -
Caribbean Ornithology
The Journal of Caribbean Ornithology RESEARCH ARTICLE Vol. 29:21–27. 2016 Avian biodiversity in a pasture-dominated ecosystem Jason P. Hernandez Photo: J.P. Hernandez The Journal of Caribbean Ornithology www.birdscaribbean.org/jco ISSN 1544-4953 RESEARCH ARTICLE Vol. 29:21–27. 2016 www.birdscaribbean.org Avian biodiversity in a pasture-dominated ecosystem Jason P. Hernandez Abstract Burgeoning human populations have created many challenges for conservation of biodiversity, as ever-larger areas of land are converted to agricultural and other forms of production. Protected reserves alone are not sufficient to sustain biodiversity in a world of increasing human needs, so it is necessary to understand the extent to which biodiversity can exist with- in highly altered, agricultural ecosystems. From 11 May to 8 August 2013, bird diversity was surveyed at an agricultural site on Hispaniola, utilized mainly for pasture, and the population and regeneration potential of the royal palm (Roystonea borinquena), a key nest tree species for two abundant bird species, was assessed. The site harbored 33 bird species including 32 resident species (about one-third of Hispaniola’s low-elevation resident land bird species), of which 5 are endemic to Hispaniola. Two of these endemic species, the Palmchat (Dulus dominicus) and the Hispaniolan Woodpecker (Melanerpes striatus), were the pre- dominant species present. Seventy-six percent of species at this site showed an association with trees. The royal palm occurred mainly in wooded riparian corridors, but showed little ability to colonize pastures, suggesting possible declines in future overall tree density at this site. Ensuring adequate tree recruitment is crucial to maintaining biodiversity in agricultural and grazing zones. -
A Victorian Palm Court
........................................................ ........................................................ A VICTORIAN PALM COURT (An Interpretative Brochure for The New York Botanical Garden) ........................................................ ........................................................ A VICTORIAN PALM COURT (An Interpretative Brochure for The New York Botanical Garden) and PALM SURVIVAL IN A TOUGH WORLD MAUREEN LYNN MURPHY August, 1986 The following manuscripts are submitted as a non-thesis option as partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in Ornamental Horticulture. ACKNOWLEDGMENTS I wish to express my sincere appreciation to many people for their help in preparing these manuscripts: The Longwood Gardens Foundation, who provided the generous grant which made my work possible; my thesis committee, Dr. Sherry Kitto, Dr. David Frey, and Dr. Donald Huttletson for their valuable questions, comments, and edits; my thesis committee chairman, and cbordinator of the Longwood Program, Dr. James Swasey for his guidance, assistance, and attention to detail; to Dr. Michael Balick and Mr. Bruce Riggs of The New York Botanical Garden for their advice and suggestions; and to Ms. Dorry Ross, for her skillful editing and gentle manner. A very special thanks goes to Thomas Adarns, not only for his beautiful illustrations, but for his constant encouragement and moral support throughout these past two years. A VICTORIAN PALM COURT INTRODUCTION Palms comprise a very useful plant family, second only in economic importance to the grasses which supply us with wheat, rice, barley, oats, and other grains. Palms provide the world with food (dates, coconuts, palm oil, hearts of palm), beverages (coconut milk, palm wine), clothing (raincoats, hats), medicines (betel nut), construction materials (thatching, irrigation pipes, logs), rope, fiber, carnauba wax, and hundreds of other products. -
Sfps Fall 2011 Sale Plant List
SFPS FALL 2011 SALE PLANT LIST PLANTS VENDOR # Palms Acanthophoenix rubra 35 Acoelorrhaphe wrightii 26, 67 Acrocomia aculeata 50, 67 Actinokentia divaricata 35, 57, 66, 68, 72 Actinorhytis calapparia 72 Adonidia merrillii 31, 57, 66, 89 Adonidia merrillii var. "Golden Form" 35 Aiphanes aculeata = Aiphanes horrida - Aiphanes caryotifolia = Aiphanes horrida - Aiphanes erosa = Aiphanes minima - Aiphanes horrida 35, 68, 72 Aiphanes minima 68 Aiphanes vincentiana = Aiphanes minima - Allagoptera arenaria 57, 66, 67, 68, 72 Allagoptera campestris 67 Allagoptera leucocalyx 57 Alloschmidia glabrata = Basselinia glabrata - Alsmithia longipes = Heterospathe longipes - Archontophoenix cunninghamiana var. 'Illawara' 68 Archontophoenix maxima 67, 72 Archontophoenix myolensis 50, 66, 67, 68 Archontophoenix purpurea 57, 66, 72 Archontophoenix tuckeri 66, 68 Areca aliceae = Areca triandra - Areca camarinensis 57, 68 Areca catechu 57, 67, 72 Areca catechu var. 'Dwarf' 35, 50 Areca hutchinsoniana 68 Areca ipot 67 Areca latiloba = Areca montana - Areca macrocalyx var. 'Red Form' 35, 57, 68 Areca macrocarpa 68 Areca montana 57 Areca triandra 68, 72 Areca vestiaria 25, 35, 57, 67, 68 Areca vestiaria var. 'Orange Form' 25, 57, 67, 72 Areca vestiaria var. 'Maroon Leaf' 35, 57, 67 Areca vestiaria var. 'Red Leaf' 57, 67, 72 Areca sp. 'Yellow Crownshaft' 25 Arenga ambong = Arenga undulatifolia - Arenga brevipes 57 Arenga caudata 66 Arenga engleri 31, 66, 68, 72 Arenga hookeriana 35, 57, 66, 72 Arenga microcarpa 26, 66 Arenga obtusifolia 57, 66 PLANTS VENDOR # Arenga pinnata 50, 57, 66, 67, 68 Arenga porphyrocarpa 66 Arenga tremula 26, 57, 66, 68, 72 Arenga undulatifolia 35, 57, 66, 67 Arenga westerhoutii 68 Asterogyne martiana 57, 68, 72 Astrocaryum acaule 72 Astrocaryum alatum 35, 50, 57, 67 Astrocaryum mexicanum 72 Astrocaryum murumuru 72 Attalea butyracea 57, 67, 72 Attalea cohune 35 Attalea phalerata 50, 91 Attalea rostrata 68 Attalea speciosa 50, 66 Bactris bidentula 72 Bactris gasipaes 67 Bactris gasipaes var. -
Evolutionary Consequences of Dioecy in Angiosperms: the Effects of Breeding System on Speciation and Extinction Rates
EVOLUTIONARY CONSEQUENCES OF DIOECY IN ANGIOSPERMS: THE EFFECTS OF BREEDING SYSTEM ON SPECIATION AND EXTINCTION RATES by JANA C. HEILBUTH B.Sc, Simon Fraser University, 1996 A THESIS SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY in THE FACULTY OF GRADUATE STUDIES (Department of Zoology) We accept this thesis as conforming to the required standard THE UNIVERSITY OF BRITISH COLUMBIA July 2001 © Jana Heilbuth, 2001 Wednesday, April 25, 2001 UBC Special Collections - Thesis Authorisation Form Page: 1 In presenting this thesis in partial fulfilment of the requirements for an advanced degree at the University of British Columbia, I agree that the Library shall make it freely available for reference and study. I further agree that permission for extensive copying of this thesis for scholarly purposes may be granted by the head of my department or by his or her representatives. It is understood that copying or publication of this thesis for financial gain shall not be allowed without my written permission. The University of British Columbia Vancouver, Canada http://www.library.ubc.ca/spcoll/thesauth.html ABSTRACT Dioecy, the breeding system with male and female function on separate individuals, may affect the ability of a lineage to avoid extinction or speciate. Dioecy is a rare breeding system among the angiosperms (approximately 6% of all flowering plants) while hermaphroditism (having male and female function present within each flower) is predominant. Dioecious angiosperms may be rare because the transitions to dioecy have been recent or because dioecious angiosperms experience decreased diversification rates (speciation minus extinction) compared to plants with other breeding systems. -
Wallichia Disticha in Thailand
190 PRINCIPES [Vor-.41 Principes,4l(4), 1997, pp. I90-l9l Wallichiadisticha in Thailand JoHt'tDnel'{srrnrl Herbarium, Royal Botanic Gard,ens,Kew, Richnoncl, Surey, TW9 SAE, UK Wallichia d.istichais an easily recognizedpalm now the construction of the dam has opened up that has been much prized as an ornamental. the area to agricultural development,and there is Never very frequent in cultivation, its scarcitv an excellent road that goes right to the border of probably reflects the difficulty in obtaining seed. Myanmar at the Three PagodasPass. The upper It is the only memberof the genus and, indeed, part of the valley is an area of outstandingbeauty, of the tribe Caryoteaeto which it belongs,to have with varied topographyand an abundanceof karst its leavesarranged in two rows, i.e., distichously. limestone hills. Although some natural forest It is this unusual leaf arrangementthat makes it remains, much of the land accessiblefrom the such a handsomeand desirablepalm. road has been cleared for agriculture. Wallichia disticha was first described by Thom- Before we left Bangkok for Kanchanaburi we as Anderson inthe Journal ofthe Linnean Society, spent a morning in the Forest Herbarium of the Volume tl. in 1871. basedon materialcollected Royal Forest Department. While Sashalooked at in gorges from the Sikkim Himalaya. Kurz also the specimensof Phoenix, I went through the palm recorded the palm from Pegu in Burma, though collections.Mr. ThawatchaiWongparsert, of the there is some possible confusion here, as Kurz Saraburi Botanical Garden, who planned to look describedthe leavesas being arrangedin a one- after us on our short trip, introduced himself and third spiral rather than being distichous-a tris- draggedme awayfrom the dead specimensto show Herbarium's nurs- tichous Wallichia disticha would be desirable me a young palm in the Forest in Tung Yai indeed! W. -
A Preliminary List of the Vascular Plants and Wildlife at the Village Of
A Floristic Evaluation of the Natural Plant Communities and Grounds Occurring at The Key West Botanical Garden, Stock Island, Monroe County, Florida Steven W. Woodmansee [email protected] January 20, 2006 Submitted by The Institute for Regional Conservation 22601 S.W. 152 Avenue, Miami, Florida 33170 George D. Gann, Executive Director Submitted to CarolAnn Sharkey Key West Botanical Garden 5210 College Road Key West, Florida 33040 and Kate Marks Heritage Preservation 1012 14th Street, NW, Suite 1200 Washington DC 20005 Introduction The Key West Botanical Garden (KWBG) is located at 5210 College Road on Stock Island, Monroe County, Florida. It is a 7.5 acre conservation area, owned by the City of Key West. The KWBG requested that The Institute for Regional Conservation (IRC) conduct a floristic evaluation of its natural areas and grounds and to provide recommendations. Study Design On August 9-10, 2005 an inventory of all vascular plants was conducted at the KWBG. All areas of the KWBG were visited, including the newly acquired property to the south. Special attention was paid toward the remnant natural habitats. A preliminary plant list was established. Plant taxonomy generally follows Wunderlin (1998) and Bailey et al. (1976). Results Five distinct habitats were recorded for the KWBG. Two of which are human altered and are artificial being classified as developed upland and modified wetland. In addition, three natural habitats are found at the KWBG. They are coastal berm (here termed buttonwood hammock), rockland hammock, and tidal swamp habitats. Developed and Modified Habitats Garden and Developed Upland Areas The developed upland portions include the maintained garden areas as well as the cleared parking areas, building edges, and paths.