Appendix C. Invasive Plants
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Table C-1. Invasive Plants in the Study Area
Indiana Iowa Michigan Minnesota Missouri Ohio Wisconsin Common Name Scientific Name Illinois
velvetleaf Abutilon theophrasti S
Amur maple Acer ginnala R
Japanese chaff flower Achyranthes japonica P
hardheads, Russian knapweed Acroptilon repens / Centaurea repens / Pr N P
Centaurea picris
Bishop's goutweed Aegopodium podagraria R
quackgrass Agropyron repens Pr N
tree of heaven Ailanthus altissima R
Fiveleaf akebia or Chocolate vine Akebia quinata P
garlic mustard Alliaria petiolata R R
black alder Alnus glutinosa R
carelessweed, Palmer amaranth Amaranthus palmeri E P
common ragweed Ambrosia artemisifolia N
giant ragweed Ambrosia trifida N
porcelain berry Ampelopsis brevipedunculata P
wild chervil Anthriscus sylvestris P, R
Wormwood Artemisia absinthium R
giant reed Arundo donax P
mosquito fern Azolla pinnata Aq P P
kochia Bassia scoparia P
Japanese barberry Berberis thunbergii SR R
common barberry Berberis vulgaris P
wild mustard Brassica arvensis S
wild mustard Brassica kaber var. pinnatifida P
Midwest Wind Energy Multi-Species HCP EIS Draft EIS April 2016 C-1
Appendix C U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Invasive Plants
Indiana Iowa Michigan Minnesota Missouri Ohio Wisconsin Common Name Scientific Name Illinois
hill mustard Bunias orientalis P, R
flowering rush Butomus umbellatus Aq P Aq R PAq R
fanwort Cabomba caroliniana P RAq P
creeping bellflower Campanula rapunculoides R
Siberian peashrub Caragana arborescens R
narrowleaf bittercress Cardamine impatiens C P
hoary cress, perennial peppergrass Cardaria draba / Lepidium draba Pr N
plumeless thistle Carduus acanthoides C R
musk thistle Carduus nutans N N A P R
Carduus spp. Pr
caulerpa or Mediterranean killer algae Caulerpa taxifolia Aq P
Asian loeseneri bittersweet Celastrus loeseneri P
Asian bittersweet, oriental bittersweet Celastrus orbiculatus E R
spotted knapweed Centaurea biebersteinii, Centaurea maculosa or N C A R
Centaurea stoebe
spreading starthistle Centaurea diffusa P
brown knapweed Centaurea jacea E R black knapweed Centaurea nigra R tyrol knapweed Centaurea nigrescens R
yellow star thistle Centaurea solstitialis E P
meadow knapweed Centaurea x moncktonii E
celandine Chelidonium majur R
Canada thistle Cirsium arvense N N Pr N C A P R
bull thistle Cirsium lanceolatum Pr
European marsh thistle Cirsium palustre P, R
Cirsium spp. Pr
Midwest Wind Energy Multi-Species HCP EIS Draft EIS April 2016 C-2
Appendix C U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Invasive Plants
Indiana Iowa Michigan Minnesota Missouri Ohio Wisconsin Common Name Scientific Name Illinois
bull thistle Cirsium vulgare N
poison hemlock Conium maculatum S P P, R
field bindweed Convolvulus arvensis Pr N A
hedge bindweed Convolvulus sepium N
marestail Conyza canadensis P
Australian swamp crop Crassula helmsii PAq P
dodder Cuscuta spp. N
cylindro Cylindrospermopsis raciborskii P
black swallow-wort Cynanchum louiseae / Vincetoxium nigrum E P
pale swallow-wort Cynanchum rossicum / Vincetoxicum rossicum P
Houndstongue Cynoglossum officinale R
Scotch broom Cytisus scoparius P
Wild carrot, Queen Anne's lace Daucus carota S P
Grecian foxglove Digitalis lanata Ehrh. E P
Chinese yam Dioscorea polystachya (oppositifolia) P
common teasel Dipsacus fullonum E A
cutleaf teasel Dipsacus laciniatus E A R
teasel Dipsacus spp. S
Common teasel Dipsacus sylvestris R
Brazilian waterweed Egeria densa Aq P, Pe P RAq P
anchored water hyacinth Eichhornia azurea Aq P P
common water hyacinth Eichhornia crassipes PAq P
Russian olive Elaeagnus angustifolia R
autumn olive Elaeagnus umbellata R
hairy willow herb Epilobium hirsutum R, P
helleborine orchid Epipactis helleborine R
Midwest Wind Energy Multi-Species HCP EIS Draft EIS April 2016 C-3
Appendix C U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Invasive Plants
Indiana Iowa Michigan Minnesota Missouri Ohio Wisconsin Common Name Scientific Name Illinois
burning bush Euonymus alatus R
Cypress spurge Euphorbia cyparissias R
leafy spurge Euphorbia esula Pr N C R queen of the meadow Filipendula ulmaria R
glossy buckthorn Frangula alnus / Rhamnus frangula E R R
hemp nettle Galeopsis tetrahit R white bedstraw Galium mollugo R mudmat Glossostigma cleistanthum P
tall or reed mannagrass Glyceria maxima R, P
wild sunflower Helianthus annus S
giant hogweed Heracleum mantegazzianum P, N E P P
dame's rocket Hesperis matronalis R
Japanese hops Humulus japonicus E R, P
hydrilla Hydrilla verticillata Aq P, Pe P PAq P
European frogbit Hydrocharis morsus-ranae Aq P P PAq P floating marsh pennywort Hydrocotyle ranunculoides P
Indian swampweed, miramar weed Hygrophilia polysperma Aq P PAq P balfour's touch-me-not Impatiens balfourii R
Indian balsam Impatiens glandulifera P
Chinese water spinach Ipomoea aquatic Aq P RAq P
morning glory Ipomoea spp. N
yellow iris Iris pseudacorus Aq P RAq R field scabiosa Knautia arvensis R
oxygen−weed, African elodea or Lagarosiphon major Aq P P PAq P
African waterweed
pepperweed Lepidium latifolium P
Midwest Wind Energy Multi-Species HCP EIS Draft EIS April 2016 C-4
Appendix C U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Invasive Plants
Indiana Iowa Michigan Minnesota Missouri Ohio Wisconsin Common Name Scientific Name Illinois
sericea lespedeza Lespedeza cuneata P
oxeye daisy Leucanthemum vulgare / Chrysanthemum P
leucanthemum
lyme grass or sand ryegrass Leymus arenarius or Elymus arenarius R, P
Asian marshweed Limnophila sessiliflora Aq P P
Dalmation toadflax Linaria dalmatica E R, P
Japanese honeysuckle Lonicera japonica E P
Amur honeysuckle Lonicera maacki R, P
Morrow's honeysuckle Lonicera morrowii R
Tatarian honeysuckle, Amur Lonicera tatarica R
honeysuckle
Bell's honeysuckle, Amur honeysuckle Lonicera x bella R
moneywort Lysimachia nummularia R
golden loosestrife Lysimachia vulgaris R
purple loosestrife Lythrum salicaria E Aq R PAq, A P R C
purple loosestrife Lythrum spp. P
purple loosestrife Lythrum virgatum PAq, P C
Japanese stiltgrass Microstegium vimineum P
monochoria, arrowleaf, or false Monochoria hastata Aq P
pickerelweed
heartshape or false pickerelweed Monochoria vaginalis Aq P
white mulberry Morus alba R
forget me not Myosotis scorpioides R woodland forget-me-not Myosotis sylvatica R
parrot feather Myriophyllum aquaticum Aq P P RAq P
Midwest Wind Energy Multi-Species HCP EIS Draft EIS April 2016 C-5
Appendix C U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Invasive Plants
Indiana Iowa Michigan Minnesota Missouri Ohio Wisconsin Common Name Scientific Name Illinois
Eurasian watermilfoil Myriophyllum spicatum Aq P Aq R PAq R spiny naiad Najas marina R
brittle naiad Najas minor Aq P Aq PAq P
serrated tussock Nasella trachoma N sacred lotus Nelumbo nucifera P
Apple of Peru Nicandra physalodes P
starry stonewort Nitellopsis obtusa P
nonnative waterlilies Nymphaea spp. RAq
yellow floating hearts Nymphoides peltata Aq P P P java waterdropwort Oenanthe javanica P
Scotch thistle Onopordum acanthium A wavy leaf basket grass Oplismenushirtellus ssp. Undulatifolius P
duck lettuce Ottelia alismoides Aq P P
butterweed, cressleaf groundsel Packera glabella / Senecio glabellus P
wild parsnip Pastinaca sativa C P R
princess tree Paulownia tomentosa P butterfly dock Petasites hybridus P
reed canary grass Phalaris arundinacea R
Amur cork tree Phellodendron amurense P
common reed Phragmites australis ssp australis R R R, P scarlet pimpernel Pimpinella saxifraga R
water lettuce Pistea stratioides P
buckthorn plantain Plantago lanceolata S Bohemian knotweed Polygonum bohemicum/Fallopia bohemicum P
Japanese knotweed Polygonum cuspidatum/Fallopia japonica P SR P R
mile−a−minute vine Polygonum perfoliatum/Persicaria perfoliata P P
Midwest Wind Energy Multi-Species HCP EIS Draft EIS April 2016 C-6
Appendix C U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Invasive Plants
Indiana Iowa Michigan Minnesota Missouri Ohio Wisconsin Common Name Scientific Name Illinois
giant knotweed Polygonum sachalinense SR P
white poplar Populus alba R
curly-leaved pondweed Potamogeton crispus Aq P Aq R PAq R
kudzu Pueraria montana var. lobata E, N Pe A P P
sawtooth oak Quercus acutissima P
lesser celandine Ranunculus ficaria P
buckthorn Rhamnus arguta E
common buckthorn Rhamnus cathartica E R R
Dahurian buckthorn Rhamnus davurica E
Japanese buckthorn Rhamnus japonica E
buckthorn Rhamnus spp. (excluding Frangula alnus) Pr
Chinese buckthorn Rhamnus utilis E
Bristly locust Robinia hispida R
black locust Robinia pseudoacacia R
multiflora rose Rosa multiflora E P S R A R Himalayan blackberry Rubus armeniacus P
wineberry, wine raspberry Rubus phoenicolasius P
sheep sorrel, red sorrel Rumex acetosella S
smooth dock Rumex altissimus S
sour dock Rumex crispus S
arrowhead Sagittaria sagittifolia Aq P P
Russian thistle Salsola Kali var. enuifolia P
giant salvinia Salvinia auriculata, biloba, or herzogii Aq P P P
aquarium watermoss or giant salvinia Salvinia molesta Aq P P PAq P
bur cucumber Sicyos angulatus N
Midwest Wind Energy Multi-Species HCP EIS Draft EIS April 2016 C-7
Appendix C U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Invasive Plants
Indiana Iowa Michigan Minnesota Missouri Ohio Wisconsin Common Name Scientific Name Illinois
horsenettle Solanum carolinense Pr N seaside goldenrod Solidago sempervirens R, P
perennial sow thistle Sonchus arvensis N Pr N
sorghum almum Sorghum almum N N N
shatter cane Sorghum bicolor N S P
Johnson grass Sorghum halepense N N N A P P
Exotic bur-reed Sparganium erectum Aq P
water aloes or water soldiers Stratiotes aloides PAq P medusahead Taeniatherum caput-medusae P
salt cedar Tamarix spp. Aq
common tansy Tanacetum vulgare C R
Spreading hedgeparsley Torilis arvensis P
Japanese hedgeparsley or erect Torilis japonica R, P
hedgeparsley
poison ivy Toxicodendron radicans / Rhus toxicodendron SR
water chestnut Trapa natans Aq P P PAq P
puncturevine Tribulus terrestris S N colt's foot Tussilago farfara P
narrow-leaved cattail Typha angustifolia P R southern cattail Typha domingensis P graceful cattail Typha laxmannii P
hybrid cattail Typha x glauca R
Siberian elm Ulmus pumila R garden heliotrope Valeriana officinalis R
Japanese wisteria Wisteria floribunda P
Chinese wisteria Wisteria sinensis P
Midwest Wind Energy Multi-Species HCP EIS Draft EIS April 2016 C-8
Appendix C U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Invasive Plants
Indiana Iowa Michigan Minnesota Missouri Ohio Wisconsin Common Name Scientific Name Illinois
cocklebur Xanthium commune S Grapevines: when growing in groups of one hundred or more and not pruned, sprayed, P cultivated, or otherwise maintained for two consecutive years. Source: Midwest Invasive Plant Network 2015 A = General noxious weed list Aq = prohibited aquatic plant or aquatic injurious plant C = Noxious weed, control list E = exotic weed or noxious weed, eradicate list N = noxious weed P = prohibited plant PAq = Prohibited aquatic plant Pe = pest species Pr = Primary noxious weed R = restricted plant species or noxious weed, restricted list RAq = Restricted aquatic plant S = secondary noxious weed
Midwest Wind Energy Multi-Species HCP EIS Draft EIS April 2016 C-9
Appendix C U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Invasive Plants
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Midwest Wind Energy Multi-Species HCP EIS Draft EIS April 2016 C-10