Life-Changing Interventions for the New AD/HD: Beyond the DSM-5 Extra Information Slides C Kevin T
Total Page：16
File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb
Load more
Recommended publications
-
Eating Disorders and Sexual Function Reviewed: a Trans-Diagnostic, Dimensional Perspective
Current Sexual Health Reports (2020) 12:1–14 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11930-020-00236-w CLINICAL THERAPEUTICS (B MCCARTHY, R SEGRAVES AND R BALON, SECTION EDITORS) Eating Disorders and Sexual Function Reviewed: A Trans-diagnostic, Dimensional Perspective Cara R. Dunkley1,2 & Yana Svatko1 & Lori A. Brotto2,3 Published online: 18 January 2020 # Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020 Abstract Purpose of Review Clinical observation and a growing body of empirical research point to an association between disordered eating and sexual function difficulties. The present review identifies and connects the current knowledge on sexual dysfunction in the eating disorders, and provides a theoretical framework for conceptualizing the association between these important health conditions. Recent Findings Research on sexuality and eating pathology has focused on clinical samples of women with anorexia nervosa (AN) and bulimia nervosa (BN). All aspects of sexual response can be impacted in women with an eating disorder, with sexual function in women with AN appearing to be more compromised than in women with BN. Research of this nature is extremely limited with respect to BED, non-clinical samples, men, and individuals with non-binary gender identities. Summary Sexuality should be examined and addressed within the context of eating disorder treatment. Sexual dysfunction and eating disorders, along with commonly comorbid disorders of anxiety and mood, can be seen as separate but frequently overlapping manifestations of internalizing psychopathology. Psychological, developmental, sociocultural, etiological, and bio- physical factors likely represent risk and maintenance factors for internalizing disorders. A dimensional, trans-diagnostic ap- proach to disordered eating and sexuality has promising implications for future research and clinical interventions. -
Psychiatric Diagnoses and Comorbidity in Relation to Suicidal Behavior Among Psychiatrically Hospitalized Adolescents
Psychiatric Diagnoses and Comorbidity in Relation to Suicidal Behavior among Psychiatrically Hospitalized Adolescents Kristen Schoff D’Eramo, PhD Brown Medical School Providence Mitchell J. Prinstein, PhD Department of Psychology, Yale University Jennifer Freeman, PhD W. L. Grapentine, MD Anthony Spirito, PhD Brown Medical School Providence ABSTRACT: This study examined relations between suicidal behavior history (i.e., no suicidality, suicidal ideation, single attempters, and multiple attempters) and psychiatric functioning. Adolescents, aged 12–17, admitted to an inpatient psychiatric unit, were categorized by suicidal behavior history based on self- and clinician-report data. Groups were examined for differences in suicidal ideation and psychiatric diagnosis. Severity of suicidal ideation increased with severity of suicidal behavior history. Females were disproportionately represented among multiple at- tempters. Multiple attempters were more likely to be diagnosed with at least one externalizing disorder, particularly substance use disorders, and to have more than one comorbid diagnosis than adolescents with no suicidal behavior or a history of ideation only. Clinicians should be alerted to the particularly high-risk nature of adolescents with multiple suicide attempts. KEY WORDS: suicidality; multiple attempters; comorbidity. National surveys suggest that each year, approximately 21% of adolescents attending school in the United States seriously consider attempting suicide, 16% develop a plan for attempting, 8% report making an attempt, and 3% make a serious attempt that requires medical attention.1 A critical first step toward reducing the rate of This work was supported by NIMH National Research Service Award F32- MH11770 to Dr. Prinstein. Address correspondence to Dr. Prinstein, Department of Psychology, Yale Uni- versity, P.O. -
Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder Predominantly Inattentive
brain sciences Review Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder Predominantly Inattentive Subtype/Presentation: Research Progress and Translational Studies Ike C. de la Peña 1,* , Michael C. Pan 2,3, Chau Giang Thai 1 and Tamara Alisso 1 1 Department of Pharmaceutical and Administrative Sciences, Loma Linda University School of Pharmacy, Loma Linda, CA 92350, USA; [email protected] (C.G.T.); [email protected] (T.A.) 2 Department of Psychology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea; [email protected] 3 Division of Social Sciences, University of the Philippines Visayas Tacloban College, Tacloban 6500, Philippines * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +1-909-651-5995; Fax: +1-909-558-0446 Received: 23 April 2020; Accepted: 9 May 2020; Published: 14 May 2020 Abstract: Research on the predominantly inattentive attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD-PI) subtype/presentation is important given its high prevalence, but paradoxically it is under-recognized and undertreated. The temporal stability of the inattention symptom could impact the high worldwide prevalence of ADHD-PI. Some evidence suggests differences in the nature of attentional deficit in ADHD-PI vs. that in other subtypes. Impairments in neuropsychological, neurocognitive, and social functioning are also evident in ADHD-PI, which could be specific to the subtype (e.g., processing speed, social perception, and skills), or differ from others in severity. Neuroimaging studies have also revealed ADHD-PI-specific neuropathological abnormalities and those that are shared with other subtypes. ADHD-PI is highly comorbid with learning and internalizing (e.g., anxiety and depression) disorders. There is no solid evidence for ADHD-PI-specific genetic etiologies and differential responses of subtypes to ADHD medications. -
Open THIS ONE Schreyer Honorsthesis Edits4-18__1 .Pdf
THE PENNSYLVANIA STATE UNIVERSITY SCHREYER HONORS COLLEGE DIVISION OF ARTS AND HUMANITIES TWO PERSPECTIVES: METHODOLOGICAL APPROACHES TO TREATING ADOLESCENT ANOREXIA NERVOSA FROM THE STANDPOINT OF A SCHOLAR AND PATIENT JENNIFER DENISON SPRING 2016 A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for a baccalaureate degree in Psychological and Social Sciences with honors in Letters, Arts and Sciences Reviewed and approved* by the following: Fran Sessa Associate Professor of Psychology Thesis Supervisor Linda Patterson Miller Distinguished University Professor of English Honors Advisor * Signatures are on file in the Schreyer Honors College ABSTRACT Eating disorders, specifically anorexia nervosa, have become increasingly prevalent in Western Society. Old and modern-day treatment programs for anorexia nervosa will be discussed, including the efficacy of those treatments. Additionally, three separate residential eating disorder treatment centers and their methodological approaches to treating anorexia nervosa in adolescents will be discussed and examined. Journal segments from patients’ experience will also be included and analyzed. Lastly, a proposed model treatment plan for anorexia nervosa will be identified and described. i TABLE OF CONTENTS INTRODUCTION/PRELIMINARY REVIEW OF LITERATURE........................... 2 PURPOSE OF THE STUDY ....................................................................................... 7 THE REDEEMING CENTER .................................................................................... -
Honing in on the Social Difficulties Associated with Sluggish Cognitive Tempo in Children: Withdrawal, Peer Ignoring, and Low Engagement
Journal of Clinical Child & Adolescent Psychology ISSN: 1537-4416 (Print) 1537-4424 (Online) Journal homepage: http://www.tandfonline.com/loi/hcap20 Honing in on the Social Difficulties Associated With Sluggish Cognitive Tempo in Children: Withdrawal, Peer Ignoring, and Low Engagement Stephen P. Becker, Annie A. Garner, Leanne Tamm, Tanya N. Antonini & Jeffery N. Epstein To cite this article: Stephen P. Becker, Annie A. Garner, Leanne Tamm, Tanya N. Antonini & Jeffery N. Epstein (2017): Honing in on the Social Difficulties Associated With Sluggish Cognitive Tempo in Children: Withdrawal, Peer Ignoring, and Low Engagement, Journal of Clinical Child & Adolescent Psychology, DOI: 10.1080/15374416.2017.1286595 To link to this article: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15374416.2017.1286595 Published online: 13 Mar 2017. Submit your article to this journal Article views: 55 View related articles View Crossmark data Full Terms & Conditions of access and use can be found at http://www.tandfonline.com/action/journalInformation?journalCode=hcap20 Download by: [University of Iowa Libraries] Date: 31 March 2017, At: 09:20 Journal of Clinical Child & Adolescent Psychology, 00(00), 1–10, 2017 Copyright © 2017 Society of Clinical Child & Adoloscent Psychology ISSN: 1537-4416 print/1537-4424 online DOI: 10.1080/15374416.2017.1286595 Honing in on the Social Difficulties Associated With Sluggish Cognitive Tempo in Children: Withdrawal, Peer Ignoring, and Low Engagement Stephen P. Becker Division of Behavioral Medicine and Clinical Psychology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center and Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine Annie A. Garner Department of Psychology, Saint Louis University Leanne Tamm Division of Behavioral Medicine and Clinical Psychology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center and Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine Tanya N. -
7Th World Congress on ADHD: from Child to Adult Disorder
ADHD Atten Def Hyp Disord (2019) 11(Suppl 1):S1–S89 https://doi.org/10.1007/s12402-019-00295-7 ABSTRACTS Ó Springer-Verlag GmbH Austria, part of Springer Nature 2019 7th World Congress on ADHD: From Child to Adult Disorder 25th–28th April, Lisbon Portugal Editors: Manfred Gerlach, Wu¨rzburg Peter Riederer, Wu¨rzburg Andreas Warnke, Wu¨rzburg Luis Rohde, Porto Alegre 123 S2 ABSTRACTS Introduction Dear Colleagues and Friends, We are pleased to have received more than 180 poster abstracts as well as more than 100 poster abstracts from young scientists and clinicians (\ 35 years) who applied for our Young Scientists’ Award. Of all abstracts submitted by our young colleagues, the Scientific Programme Committee has selected the best eight. The authors have been invited to give a presentation as part of our two Young Scientist Award Sessions and to receive a prize money in the amount of 500 Euros. With this approach, we intend to highlight the importance of original scientific contributions, especially from our young colleagues. In this volume, the abstracts of our two Young Scientist Award Sessions come first, followed by regular poster abstracts. These have been organized by topics: Aetiology, Autism Spectrum Disorders, Co-morbidity, Diagnosis, Electrophysiology, Epidemiology, Experimental Models, Genetics, Neuroimaging, Non-pharmacological Treatment, Pathophysiology, Pharmacological Treatment, Quality of Life/Caregiver Burden, Substance Use Disorders and Miscellaneous. Submitted abstracts have not been modified in any way. Please, do not just read the selected poster abstracts, we also encourage you to actively discuss and share your ideas with our young colleagues. Finally, we would like thank all our speakers, contributors and sponsors of our 7th World Congress on ADHD: from Childhood to Adult Disease, and welcome you to join—what we are sure will be—a very enjoyable and highly informative event. -
Treatment-Resistant Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder: Clinical
Review Treatment-resistant Attention-deficit Hyperactivity Disorder: Clinical Significance, Concept, and Management Mu‑Hong Chen, M.D., Ph.D.1,2, Kai‑Lin Huang, M.D.1,2, Ju‑Wei Hsu, M.D.1,2,*, Shih‑Jen Tsai, M.D.1,2,* 1Department of Psychiatry, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, 2Division of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, National Yang‑Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan Abstract Background: Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is the most commonly diagnosed neurodevelopmental disorder known to cause impairment across the lifespan. ADHD was ranked as approximately the 50th leading cause of global years lived with disability for children, coming in ahead of diabetes, meningitis, and intellectual disability. About 20%–40% of patients with ADHD would not achieve the treatment response and symptomatic remission, increasing future risks of substance abuse, suicidal behavior, and premature mortality. However, there is no standard consensus for defining treatment resistance in ADHD.Method: In this systematic review, we intend to focus on treatment-resistant ADHD in the aspects of disease definition, psychopathology, pathophysiology, and treatment. Results: We suggest that the more ideal strategy of defining treatment resistance should consider the improvement of ADHD symptoms and the global functioning simultaneously. Psychiatric comorbidities (i.e. destructive behavior disorders and mood disorders), physical comorbidities (i.e. epilepsy), and psychosocial adversities (i.e. parental psychopathology and poor family functioning) should be the first to be assessed in the evaluation of treatment response or resistance. The optimal medication adjustment or the combination of medications and psychotherapy may be the potential therapeutic strategy for treatment-resistant ADHD. Conclusion: Further studies would be necessary to elucidate the underlying mechanisms of treatment-resistant ADHD and to research the novel treatment strategies for ADHD. -
Managing Depressive Symptoms in Substance Abuse Clients During Early Recovery: a Review of the Literature—Updates*
Managing Depressive Symptoms in Substance Abuse Clients During Early Recovery: A Review of the Literature—Updates* A Treatment Improvement Protocol TIP 48 *This document is available online only (http://store.samhsa.gov) and supports TIP 48, Managing Depressive Symptoms in Substance Abuse Clients During Early Recovery. Treatment Improvement Protocol (TIP) 48, Managing Depressive Symptoms in Substance Abuse Clients During Early Recovery Updated Findings From the Literature Contents Introduction ...................................................................................................................................... i October 1, 2009, Through December 31, 2010 .............................................................................. 1 January 1, 2011, Through June 30, 2011 ........................................................................................ 6 July 1, 2011, Through December 31, 2011 ................................................................................... 15 January 1, 2012, Through June 30, 2012 ...................................................................................... 25 Introduction The following updates were developed to keep current the literature review component of Treatment Improvement Protocol (TIP) 48, Managing Depressive Symptoms in Substance Abuse Clients During Early Recovery, published in 2008. The literature review update period for this TIP spanned 4 years post-publication and concluded with the January–June, 2012 update. The same search methodology used in developing -
Reward Processing and Inhibitory Control in Women with Bulimia Nervosa
Reward Processing and Inhibitory Control in Women with Bulimia Nervosa By Kelsey Elizabeth Hagan M.A., University of Kansas, 2014 B.A., Emory University, 2010 Submitted to the graduate degree program in Psychology and the Graduate Faculty of the University of Kansas in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy. Chair: Kelsie Forbush, Ph.D. Tera Fazzino, Ph.D. Rick Ingram, Ph.D. David Jarmolowicz, Ph.D. Laura Martin, Ph.D. Date Defended: 09 May 2019 The dissertation committee for Kelsey Elizabeth Hagan certifies that this is the approved version of the following dissertation: Reward Processing and Inhibitory Control in Women with Bulimia Nervosa Chair: Kelsie Forbush, Ph.D. Date Approved: 09 May 2019 ii Abstract Introduction: Theoretical models and empirical research support the role of negative affect in bulimia nervosa (BN). However, treatments that target negative affect in BN have not outperformed traditional, eating-disorder-focused treatments for BN. An alternative mechanism of BN is dysfunctional positive affect (i.e., reward processing). The present study aimed to understand associations among dysfunctional reward processing, affect, and eating-disorder symptom expression by testing an interactive model of reward-based processes (reward learning, effort valuation, delay discounting, inhibitory control) in women with BN. Method: Participants were community-recruited medication-free adult women aged 18-30 with BN (n=20) or healthy controls (HCs; n=20). Behavioral tasks and self-report measures were used to assess reward learning, effort valuation, delay discounting, inhibitory control, BN symptom frequencies, and affect. Results: Women with BN did not differ from HCs on effort valuation and inhibitory control; however, women with BN showed less delay discounting and demonstrated slower reward learning compared to HCs. -
Sluggish Cognitive Tempo: Current Knowledge and Future Directions
Research RESEARCH BRIEFS Sluggish Cognitive Tempo: Current Knowledge and Future Directions by Lisa Jacobson, PhD, NCSP Do you find yourself saying, “Come on! Hurry up!” multiple times each day? Maybe she is your daughter or he is a student in your classroom. She is the last one to com- plete her work, turn in that test, or even get her things together to go home. Even when he is paying attention, he just seems to need longer than anyone else to get the job done. Neither child is particularly hyperactive. Could this be ADHD? Something else? in interest in better characterizing the be- almost sixty percent of those with SCT The something else might be sluggish havioral characteristics of sluggish cogni- also met criteria for diagnosis of ADHD cognitive tempo (SCT). A growing body of tive tempo and determining whether and and close to forty percent of those meet- evidence suggests that SCT is a distinct be- to what degree symptoms are distinct from ing the diagnostic symptom threshold for havioral pattern, or phenotype, that is both ADHD and other childhood disorders. ADHD also had SCT. Other studies have overlapping and yet distinct from ADHD similarly found that approximately thirty and other childhood disorders. Identified Measuring SCT symptoms to sixty percent of youth with ADHD inat- during field trials for the fourth edition of SCT symptoms are usually measured with tentive type show high levels of SCT.These the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of behavior rating scales, typically completed numbers suggest that a large proportion Mental Disorders (DSM-IV), SCT is char- by parents or teachers. -
A Double-Hit Hypothesis of Internalizing Disorders
Personality Neuroscience Ketamine and neuroticism: a double-hit cambridge.org/pen hypothesis of internalizing disorders N. McNaughton1 and P. Glue2 1 2 Shorter Communication Department of Psychology, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand and Department Psychological Medicine, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand Cite this article: McNaughton N. and Glue P. (2020) Ketamine and neuroticism: a double-hit Abstract hypothesis of internalizing disorders. Personality Neuroscience. Vol 3: e2, 1–7. Psychiatric disorders can often be viewed as extremes of personality traits. The primary action doi: 10.1017/pen.2020.2 of drugs that ameliorate these disorders may, thus, be to alter the patient’s position on a relevant trait dimension. Here, we suggest that interactions between such trait dimensions may also be Received: 24 July 2019 important for disorder. Internalizing disorders show important differences in terms of range Revised: 15 January 2020 Accepted: 25 January 2020 of activity and speed of response of medications. Established antidepressant and anxiolytic medications are slow in onset and have differing effects across different internalizing disorders. Key words: In contrast, low-dose ketamine is rapidly effective and improves symptom ratings in all inter- Ketamine; Neuroticism; Internalizing disorders; nalizing disorders. To account for this, we propose a “double hit” model for internalizing Anxiety; Depression; Post-traumatic stress disorder disorders: generation (and maintenance) require two distinct forms of neural dysfunction to coincide. One hit, sensitive to ketamine, is disorder-general: dysfunction of a neural system Author for correspondence: linked to high levels of the personality trait of neuroticism. The other hit is disorder-specific: N. McNaughton, dysfunction of one of a set of disorder-specific neural modules, each with its own particular Email: [email protected] pattern of sensitivity to conventional drugs. -
The Impact of COVID-19 on Adolescents with Eating Disorders: a Cohort Study
The Impact of COVID-19 on Adolescents with Eating Disorders: A Cohort Study Wendy Spettigue ( [email protected] ) Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8794-9638 Nicole Obeid Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute Madison Erbach Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute Stephen Feder Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Natalie Finner Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Megan E. Harrison Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Leanna Isserlin Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Amy Robinson Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Mark L. Norris Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research article Keywords: Eating disorders, anorexia nervosa, adolescent, COVID-19, pandemic, cohort study Posted Date: February 24th, 2021 DOI: https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-232482/v1 License: This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. Read Full License Page 1/16 Abstract Background: There is a noticeable lack of evidence regarding the impact of COVID-19 and the associated lockdown on young people with eating disorders. The goals of this study were 1) to examine characteristics of adolescents presenting for eating disorder (ED) assessment since the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic; 2) to compare adolescents presenting for ED assessment since the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic to those that presented for assessment one year previously; 3) to examine implications of the pandemic on the system of care. Methods: A retrospective chart review was completed on all patients assessed at a pediatric tertiary care ED program during the pandemic between April 1 and October 31, 2020, and on youth assessed during the same time frame one year previously.