Security Now! #655 - 03-20-18 Pwn2own 2018
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Uila Supported Apps
Uila Supported Applications and Protocols updated Oct 2020 Application/Protocol Name Full Description 01net.com 01net website, a French high-tech news site. 050 plus is a Japanese embedded smartphone application dedicated to 050 plus audio-conferencing. 0zz0.com 0zz0 is an online solution to store, send and share files 10050.net China Railcom group web portal. This protocol plug-in classifies the http traffic to the host 10086.cn. It also 10086.cn classifies the ssl traffic to the Common Name 10086.cn. 104.com Web site dedicated to job research. 1111.com.tw Website dedicated to job research in Taiwan. 114la.com Chinese web portal operated by YLMF Computer Technology Co. Chinese cloud storing system of the 115 website. It is operated by YLMF 115.com Computer Technology Co. 118114.cn Chinese booking and reservation portal. 11st.co.kr Korean shopping website 11st. It is operated by SK Planet Co. 1337x.org Bittorrent tracker search engine 139mail 139mail is a chinese webmail powered by China Mobile. 15min.lt Lithuanian news portal Chinese web portal 163. It is operated by NetEase, a company which 163.com pioneered the development of Internet in China. 17173.com Website distributing Chinese games. 17u.com Chinese online travel booking website. 20 minutes is a free, daily newspaper available in France, Spain and 20minutes Switzerland. This plugin classifies websites. 24h.com.vn Vietnamese news portal 24ora.com Aruban news portal 24sata.hr Croatian news portal 24SevenOffice 24SevenOffice is a web-based Enterprise resource planning (ERP) systems. 24ur.com Slovenian news portal 2ch.net Japanese adult videos web site 2Shared 2shared is an online space for sharing and storage. -
Technical Intelligence ISSUE: 19.04.21
Technical Intelligence ISSUE: 19.04.21 The CyberScotland Technical Threat Intelligence Bulletin is designed to provide you with information about updates, exploits and countermeasures. We hope that you benefit from this resource and we ask that you circulate this information to your networks, adapting where you see fit. Jump To TECHNICAL THREAT AWARENESS AND HUNTING Microsoft Patch Tuesday (April 2021) Adobe Patches Slew of Critical Security Bugs Patch Chrome to Remediated In-The-Wild 0-Day Exploits F5 urges customers to patch critical BIG-IP pre-auth RCE bug Wordpress Privilege-Escalation and Authentication Bypass Apple rushes to patch zero‑day flaw in iOS, iPadOS Cisco Will Not Patch Critical RCE Flaw Affecting End-of-Life Business Routers Threat Intelligence Bulletin Technical Threat Awareness and Hunting Microsoft Patch Tuesday (April 2021) Microsoft released its monthly security update Tuesday 13th April 2021, disclosing 114 vulnerabilities across its suite of products1. Four new remote code execution vulnerabilities in Microsoft Exchange Server are included, beyond those that were release out-of-band last month. The detection of the vulnerabilities which led to these patches has been attributed to the US’s National Security Agency (NSA)2. Given the recent focus on Microsoft Exchange by varying threat actors, NCSC has produced an alert encouraging organisations to install the critical updates immediately3. More patches are likely to follow for Microsoft’s Exchange servers as, at a recent hacking contest called pwn2own a team called DEVCORE combined an authentication bypass and a local privilege escalation to complete take over the Exchange server. As a result they won $200,000.4 In all, there are 20 critical vulnerabilities as part of this release and one considered of “moderate” severity. -
HTTP Cookie - Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia 14/05/2014
HTTP cookie - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia 14/05/2014 Create account Log in Article Talk Read Edit View history Search HTTP cookie From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Navigation A cookie, also known as an HTTP cookie, web cookie, or browser HTTP Main page cookie, is a small piece of data sent from a website and stored in a Persistence · Compression · HTTPS · Contents user's web browser while the user is browsing that website. Every time Request methods Featured content the user loads the website, the browser sends the cookie back to the OPTIONS · GET · HEAD · POST · PUT · Current events server to notify the website of the user's previous activity.[1] Cookies DELETE · TRACE · CONNECT · PATCH · Random article Donate to Wikipedia were designed to be a reliable mechanism for websites to remember Header fields Wikimedia Shop stateful information (such as items in a shopping cart) or to record the Cookie · ETag · Location · HTTP referer · DNT user's browsing activity (including clicking particular buttons, logging in, · X-Forwarded-For · Interaction or recording which pages were visited by the user as far back as months Status codes or years ago). 301 Moved Permanently · 302 Found · Help 303 See Other · 403 Forbidden · About Wikipedia Although cookies cannot carry viruses, and cannot install malware on 404 Not Found · [2] Community portal the host computer, tracking cookies and especially third-party v · t · e · Recent changes tracking cookies are commonly used as ways to compile long-term Contact page records of individuals' browsing histories—a potential privacy concern that prompted European[3] and U.S. -
$Hell on Earth: from Browser to System Compromise
$hell on Earth: From Browser to System Compromise Matt Molinyawe, Abdul-Aziz Hariri, and Jasiel Spelman A Zero Day Initiative Research Paper TREND MICRO LEGAL DISCLAIMER The information provided herein is for general information Contents and educational purposes only. It is not intended and should not be construed to constitute legal advice. The information contained herein may not be applicable to all situations and may not reflect the most current situation. 3 Nothing contained herein should be relied on or acted upon without the benefit of legal advice based on the particular facts and circumstances presented and nothing Introduction herein should be construed otherwise. Trend Micro reserves the right to modify the contents of this document at any time without prior notice. Translations of any material into other languages are 4 intended solely as a convenience. Translation accuracy is not guaranteed nor implied. If any questions arise related to the accuracy of a translation, please refer to Mitigation Evolution the original language official version of the document. Any discrepancies or differences created in the translation are not binding and have no legal effect for compliance or enforcement purposes. 6 Although Trend Micro uses reasonable efforts to include accurate and up-to-date information herein, Trend Micro History and Anatomy makes no warranties or representations of any kind as to its accuracy, currency, or completeness. You agree of Pwn2Own Remote that access to and use of and reliance on this document and the content thereof is at your own risk. Trend Micro Browser to Super-User disclaims all warranties of any kind, express or implied. -
Apple Safari – PWN2OWN Desktop Exploit
Apple Safari – PWN2OWN Desktop Exploit 2018-10-29 (Fabian Beterke, Georgi Geshev, Alex Plaskett) Contents Contents ........................................................................................................ 1 1. Introduction ............................................................................................... 2 2. Browser Vulnerability Details ...................................................................... 3 3. Browser Exploitation ................................................................................ 11 3.1 Memory Layout and Trigger Objects ................................................................... 11 3.2 Heap RefPtr Information Leak ............................................................................. 12 3.3 Arbitrary Decrement Primitive ............................................................................. 13 3.4 Read Primitive ..................................................................................................... 13 3.5 JIT Page Location ................................................................................................ 17 3.6 Shell Code Execution .......................................................................................... 18 4. Dock Vulnerability Details ........................................................................ 20 5. Dock Exploitation ..................................................................................... 25 6. Appendix ................................................................................................ -
Vtpin: Practical Vtable Hijacking Protection for Binaries
VTPin: Practical VTable Hijacking Protection for Binaries Pawel Sarbinowski Vasileios P. Kemerlis Cristiano Giuffrida Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam Brown University Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam [email protected] [email protected] [email protected] Elias Athanasopoulos Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam [email protected] ABSTRACT 1. INTRODUCTION VTable hijacking has lately been promoted to the de facto technique The recent advances in software hardening have undoubtedly for exploiting C++ applications, and in particular web browsers. made exploitation a challenging craft [45]. Yet, despite the plethora VTables, however, can be manipulated without necessarily corrupt- of defenses in place [37], attackers still find ways to compromise ing memory, simply by leveraging use-after-free bugs. In fact, in essential commodity software, like web browsers [5,6]. Modern the recent Pwn2Own competitions all major web browsers were exploits are highly sophisticated and typically leverage a variety of compromised with exploits that employed (among others) use-after- different vulnerabilities to bypass established protections, such as free vulnerabilities and VTable hijacking. address space layout randomization (ASLR) [42], non-executable In this paper, we propose VTPin: a system to protect against memory [12], and sandboxing [18]. To this end, temporal safety VTable hijacking, via use-after-free vulnerabilities, in large C++ errors, and particularly use-after-free vulnerabilities, are becoming binaries that cannot be re-compiled or re-written. The main idea be- a key component of the attackers’ arsenal [1,2,7,8]. Interestingly, hind VTPin is to pin all the freed VTable pointers on a safe VTable exploiting use-after-free bugs does not require corrupting memory; under VTPin’s control. -
Trend Micro's Zero Day Initiative
Trend Micro’s Zero Day Initiative Who we are, bug bounties and how to get the most bang for your bugs! Shannon Sabens ZDI Program Manager Trend Micro Agenda • Introduction • What’s the ZDI? • Submitting to the ZDI – I submitted, now what? • Pwn2Own • Questions? 2 Copyright 2017 Trend Micro Inc. Introduction 3 Copyright 2017 Trend Micro Inc. Introduction – Shannon Sabens • Program Manager, ZDI, since 2013 • Formerly Microsoft Malware Protection Center and Symantec • Purchased and disclosed 3000+ vulnerability reports on behalf of ZDI community 4 Copyright 2017 Trend Micro Inc. What’s the ZDI? 5 Copyright 2017 Trend Micro Inc. ZDI Objectives – Augment the TippingPoint Roughly 4000 vulnerabilities product filters and protection for our clients have been patched and disclosed – Build a community working to to date as a result of the efforts secure the greater enterprise of the ZDI community. ecosphere – Encourage growth in this space by investing in security research – Contribute to the maturation of vulnerability disclosure and response processes 6 Copyright 2017 Trend Micro Inc. Similar (?) programs - iDefense - HackerOne Some of the tips to follow can help - BugCrowd you submit to programs that may - Cobalt.io be the right fit in your case, or to … various vendor and/or product the vendor, with success! specific bounties… 7 Copyright 2017 Trend Micro Inc. Vulnerability/Exploit Intelligence Marketplace 8 Copyright 2017 Trend Micro Inc. Looking at what we know about bug bounties – What do they tell us about themselves? • An agnostic bug bounty like ZDI vs. Vendors and web businesses with bounties • ZDI see a higher quality bar – 57% of all submissions were accepted in 2016 – On par with previous years and is much higher than the rate of other programs 9 Copyright 2017 Trend Micro Inc. -
X41 D-SEC Gmbh Dennewartstr
Browser Security White PAPER Final PAPER 2017-09-19 Markus VERVIER, Michele Orrù, Berend-Jan WEVER, Eric Sesterhenn X41 D-SEC GmbH Dennewartstr. 25-27 D-52068 Aachen Amtsgericht Aachen: HRB19989 Browser Security White PAPER Revision History Revision Date Change Editor 1 2017-04-18 Initial Document E. Sesterhenn 2 2017-04-28 Phase 1 M. VERVIER, M. Orrù, E. Sesterhenn, B.-J. WEVER 3 2017-05-19 Phase 2 M. VERVIER, M. Orrù, E. Sesterhenn, B.-J. WEVER 4 2017-05-25 Phase 3 M. VERVIER, M. Orrù, E. Sesterhenn, B.-J. WEVER 5 2017-06-05 First DrAFT M. VERVIER, M. Orrù, E. Sesterhenn, B.-J. WEVER 6 2017-06-26 Second DrAFT M. VERVIER, M. Orrù, E. Sesterhenn, B.-J. WEVER 7 2017-07-24 Final DrAFT M. VERVIER, M. Orrù, E. Sesterhenn, B.-J. WEVER 8 2017-08-25 Final PAPER M. VERVIER, M. Orrù, E. Sesterhenn, B.-J. WEVER 9 2017-09-19 Public Release M. VERVIER, M. Orrù, E. Sesterhenn, B.-J. WEVER X41 D-SEC GmbH PAGE 1 OF 196 Contents 1 ExECUTIVE Summary 7 2 Methodology 10 3 Introduction 12 3.1 Google Chrome . 13 3.2 Microsoft Edge . 14 3.3 Microsoft Internet Explorer (IE) . 16 4 Attack Surface 18 4.1 Supported Standards . 18 4.1.1 WEB TECHNOLOGIES . 18 5 Organizational Security Aspects 21 5.1 Bug Bounties . 21 5.1.1 Google Chrome . 21 5.1.2 Microsoft Edge . 22 5.1.3 Internet Explorer . 22 5.2 Exploit Pricing . 22 5.2.1 ZERODIUM . 23 5.2.2 Pwn2Own . -
Over the Air Baseband Exploit: Gaining Remote Code Execution on 5G Smartphones
Over The Air Baseband Exploit: Gaining Remote Code Execution on 5G Smartphones Marco Grassi (@marcograss)1, Xingyu Chen (@0xKira233)1 1Keen Security Lab of Tencent Abstract In recent years we saw the widespread adoption of 5G Cellular Networks, both for consumer devices, IoT, and critical infrastructure. The estimate of number of devices connected to a 5G network varies, but statistics show they are vastly present in the market [1]. Every one of these devices, in order to join the 5G network, must be equipped with a 5G modem, in charge of modulating the signal, and implementing the radio protocols. This component is also commonly referred as baseband. It is of enormous importance to secure these components, since they process untrusted data from a radio network, making them particularly attractive for a remote attacker. In our previous work [2] we examined the security modem for previous generation networks (such as 2G, 3G or 4G) and we achieved full remote code execution over the air. In this paper we will explore what changed on 5G networks, what improved in terms of security and what did not. We will demonstrate that it is still possible to fully compromise, over the air, a 5G modem, and gaining remote code execution on a new 5G Smartphone. Keywords 5G, baseband, modem, exploitation, memory corruption, RCE, SDR, Over The Air 1. Introduction In recent years we saw the widespread adoption of 5G Cellular Networks, both for consumer devices and for IoT and critical infrastructure. The estimate of number of devices connected to a 5G network varies, but they are all a huge number [1]. -
Android Pwn2owning
++ Android Pwn2Owning Hacktivity 2018 PUBLIC Introduction Agenda • Background • Bug Hunting Approach • Tooling / Automation • Mobile Pwn2Own 2017 Vulnerabilities • Demo 2 About us • James Loureiro (@NerdKernel) – Head of Security Research @ MWR primarily focused on VR and reverse engineering (as well as herding other researchers) • Alex Plaskett (@alexjplaskett) – Offensive security researcher @ MWR primarily doing VR (WP7 jailbreak, Pwn2Own Safari 2018, mobile security) 3 Background • How hard can it be?! 4 PWN2OWN 2017 5 Huawei Mate 9 Pro 6 PWN2OWN Execute arbitrary instructions… …retrieve sensitive information… …a full sandbox escape is required… …without any user interaction. 8 Pwn2Own Categories and Choice 9 PWN2OWN – Results 10 PUBLIC Bug Hunting Approach Browser attack surface 12 Exploit Mitigation Advancement • Memory Safety Mitigations – ASLR, PIE, RELTO, PartitionAlloc • Means you need mitigation bypass vulnerabilities too • Time consuming debugging memory corruption exploits on a real device 13 Attackers - Positives of Logic Bug Chains • Often design issues – Hard to fix (long bug lives) – Increased reliability • Architectural agnostic – No problems with shellcode • Android IPC specifically is complex as hell • Harder to detect? 14 Attackers - Negatives of Logic Bug Chains • They can get ridiculously long (11 Bugs in S8) – One bug gets fixed and the whole chain is screwed! – Usually not particularly stealthy . Samsung phone rebooted. Huawei phone switches apps twice. • Often requires a deeper understanding of the application • Automated detection is harder – how do you fuzz for logic bugs? 15 Bug Hunting Tips • Want to rapidly find high risk issues in a large amount of apps • How too prioritise? – External Attack Surface (Reachable from browser) – Permissions? . Less of an issue for initial foothold – Dangerous words 16 PUBLIC Tooling and Automation Toolset (Static vs Dynamic) • Android: What do we care about? – BROWSABLE intents (Need to be web accessible) and Intents – Content we can load into the applications (either via a WebView or Media). -
Analysis of Privacy and Security Risks of Android VPN Apps
An Analysis of the Privacy and Security Risks of Android VPN Permission-enabled Apps Muhammad Ikram1;2, Narseo Vallina-Rodriguez3, Suranga Seneviratne1, Mohamed Ali Kaafar1, Vern Paxson3;4 1Data61, CSIRO 2UNSW 3ICSI 4UC Berkeley ABSTRACT to request the BIND_VPN_SERVICE permission (for sim- Millions of users worldwide resort to mobile VPN clients to plicity, the “VPN permission”) to create such clients. either circumvent censorship or to access geo-blocked con- Android’s official documentation highlights the serious tent, and more generally for privacy and security purposes. security concerns that the VPN permission raises: it allows In practice, however, users have little if any guarantees about an app to intercept and take full control over a user’s traf- the corresponding security and privacy settings, and perhaps fic [60]. Many apps may legitimately use the VPN permis- no practical knowledge about the entities accessing their mo- sion to offer (some form of) online anonymity or to enable bile traffic. access to censored content [84]. However, malicious app de- In this paper we provide a first comprehensive analysis velopers may abuse it to harvest users’ personal information. of 283 Android apps that use the Android VPN permission, In order to minimize possible misuse, Android alerts users which we extracted from a corpus of more than 1.4 million about the inherent risks of the VPN permission by display- apps on the Google Play store. We perform a number of ing system dialogues and notifications [60]. A large fraction passive and active measurements designed to investigate a of mobile users may however lack the necessary technical wide range of security and privacy features and to study the background to fully understand the potential implications. -
Diving Into Ie10'
DIVING INTO IE 10’S ENHANCED PROTECTED MODE SANDBOX Mark Vincent Yason IBM X-Force Advanced Research yasonm[at]ph[dot]ibm[dot]com @MarkYason (v3) ABSTRACT With the release of Internet Explorer 10 in Windows 8, an improved version of IE’s Protected Mode sandbox, called Enhanced Protected Mode (EPM), was introduced. With the use of the new AppContainer process isolation mechanism introduced in Windows 8, EPM aims to further limit the impact of a successful IE compromise by limiting both read and write access and limiting the capabilities of the sandboxed IE process. As with other new security features integrated in widely-deployed software, it is just prudent to look at how EPM works internally and also evaluate its effectiveness. This presentation aims to provide both by delving deep into the internals and assessing the security of IE 10’s Enhanced Protected Mode sandbox. The first part of this presentation will focus on the inner workings of the EPM sandbox where topics such as the sandbox restrictions in place, the inter-process communication mechanism in use, the services exposed by the higher-privileged broker process, and more are discussed. The second part of this presentation will cover the security aspect of the EPM sandbox where its limitations are assessed and potential avenues for sandbox escape are discussed. Finally, in the end of the presentation, an EPM sandbox escape exploit will be demonstrated. The details of the underlying vulnerability, including the thought process that went through in discovering it will also be discussed. IBM Security Systems | © 2014 IBM Corporation DIVING INTO IE 10’S ENHANCED PROTECTED MODE SANDBOX > CONTENTS |2 CONTENTS Contents ...............................................................................................................................................................