Cameroon Waza

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Cameroon Waza Declaration date: 2010 Ecological characteristics: Surface area: 760,144.1 ha Administrative division: This biosphere reserve is located in the Chad depression in Kafa Zone Administration, in association with Chena the extreme north of Cameroon. The area of low relief does Woreda, Decha Woreda, Gimbo, Woreda, Gewata not have any permanent rivers. The rocky outcrops around Woreda, Adiyo Woreda, Bita Woreda, Bonga Town Ad- Waza village rise to over 500 meters. Lake Chad once cov- ministration Guanica ered part of the area. The vegetation comprises open com- bretaceous shrub savanna, Anogeissus leiocarpus wood- land on sandy soil, Lannea humilis open grass savanna and Acacia seyal tree savanna on black clay soils which are saturated with water in the rainy season. The latter vegetation type is slowly spreading as the area gradually dries Human activities: out. The Yaéré floodplains with perennial grasses are vital to the carrying capacity of the Waza region. The fauna is There are some villages in the park rich and varied with large numbers of giraffe (Giraffa camelopardalis), elephant (Loxodonta africana), aardvark (Orycteropus afer) and warthog (Phacochoerus aethio- picus). Towards the end of the dry season, many animals move to the Yaéré plains. Contact information: Conservateur, Parc national de Waza Tel (237) 75 02 40 37 Email: [email protected] * Details found on this information sheet are derived directly from the UNESCO website and are not a communication from the biosphere reserve. .

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Searching for a Way out of Social Discrimination: A Case Study of the Manjo through the 2002 Incident in Kafa SAYURI YOSHIDA Nagoya University Under the present Ethiopian government, social discrimination is a human rights issue. De- spite the national policy of the right to self-determination launched by the Ethiopian People’s Revolutionary Democratic Front, the Manjo, a socially discriminated minority who live in the western Kafa and eastern Sheka zones, feel that they are being deprived of this right. In 2002, the Manjo attacked the Kafa in an attempt to put an end to this discrimination. Knowledge of the circumstances surrounding the Manjo uprising is essential for understanding the conﬂ ict. Th is article describes these circumstances and the changes brought about by the incident. Key words: Kafa, Manjo, social discrimination, minorities, conﬂ icts 1. INTRODUCTION In this article, I investigate the social background of an armed attack against the Kafa by the Manjo. In March 2002, Manjo living in Bita wäräda in the Kafa zone and Yeki wäräda in the Sheka zone of the Southern Nations Nationalities People’s Region (SNNPR) mounted an attack on their Kafa neighbors. Many Kafa were killed and their houses burned to the ground. Th e attack was violent, especially in Woshero k’ebele and Shota k’ebele of Bita wäräda. Th e Manjo are a minority group who live in pockets in the Kafa, Sheka, Benchi Maji, and Dawro zones and the Konta special wäräda in SNNPR. Th ey also occupy the Oromia and Gambella Re- gional States. Manjo living in the Kafa zone have long been discriminated against by the Kafa.
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Fintrac Inc. www.fintrac.com [email protected] US Virgin Islands 3077 Kronprindsens Gade 72 St. Thomas, USVI 00802 Tel: (340) 776-7600 Fax: (340) 776-7601 Washington, D.C. 1436 U Street NW, Suite 303 Washington, D.C. 20009 USA Tel: (202) 462-8475 Fax: (202) 462-8478 USAID’s Agribusiness and Trade Expansion Program 4th Floor, Ki-Ab Building Alexander Pushkin Street Kebele 23 Addis Ababa Ethiopia Tel: + 251-(0)11-372-0060/61/62/63/64 Fax: + 251-(0)11-372-0102 () parenthesis indicate use within Ethiopia only Author Willem J. Boot Photography All photos by Willem J. Boot March 2011 This publication was produced for review by the United States Agency for International Development. It was prepared by Willem J. Boot for Fintrac Inc., the U.S. contractor implementing USAID/Ethiopia’s Agribusiness and Trade Expansion Program. March 2011 The author’s views expressed in this publication do not necessarily reflect the views of the United States Agency for International Development or the United States Government. CONTENT INTRODUCTION ....................................................................................................................... 1 PART ONE: THE MOTHERLAND OF COFFEE ...................................................................... 2 Culture and Geography ................................................................................................ 2 Coffee Characteristics ................................................................................................. 3 Processing: Sun-dried Natural Coffees vs. Washed Coffees
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