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WOMEN'S BUREAU USDL 84-384

Friday CONTACT: Abby Martin FOR RELEASE: IMMEDIATE, OFFICE: (202) 523-6604 August 24, 1984

STATEMENT ON WOMEN'S EQUALITY DAY, AUGUST 26 BY DR. LENORA COLE ALEXANDER, DIRECTOR WOMEN'S BUREAU, DEPARTMENT OF LABOR

"Women's Equality Day," which the nation observes on August 26, commemorates that day in 1920 when America's women were guaranteed the right to vote.

Since the 19th amendment to the Constitution became law 64 years ago, there has been an enormous change in the role of women in American society, particularly in the workplace.

Women are entering the work force at the phenomenal rate of over 1.5 million a year. More than half the women of working age--over 50 million of us--are now in the labor force. The Women's Bureau, in the same 64-year span, has adapted to developments to help women workers meet the changing demands made on them. In the process the Bureau has transformed itself from one of reactive concern to one of active leadership as our constituency proves its significance in the workplace.

Women are making great contributions to the national economy. Although the majority are still concentrated in traditional "women's" jobs, women overall are advancing rapidly into the higher-paying skilled crafts and professional fields such as law, medicine, business, science, and government.

Thanks to the country's newly improved economy, equality for women is closer than ever to becoming a reality. But there is still much to be done, on the job, in the home,and in the schools.

So it is appropriate on this day--Women's Equality Day--that all of us pay tribute to American women's achievements and strengthen our efforts to ensure equality in all aspects of our society. For its part, the Bureau will continue to advance with the times and to provide all working women with the best assistance, services, and direction we can offer. MORE QUOTES ON WHY WOMEN'S SUFFRAGE IS WRONG:

1. (from Women's anti-suffrage association of Massachusetts, 1915) "There are 53,000 more women than Men of voting age in Massachusetts.. .DO NOT place the government of this State under the control of an inexperienced feminine majority."

2. (From History of Woman Suffrage, editted by Elizabeth Stanton, Susan B Anthony etal 1882)

"Man is woman's natural protector, and she can safely trust him to make laws for her" "Women who make the demand (for the vote) are few in number, and their feelings and opinions are abnormal, and therefore of no weight in considering the aggregate judgment on the question." "Woman when independent and self-asserting will lose her influence over man." "Woman would degrade politics, and politics.would degrade woman." "Those who make laws must execute them; government needs force behind it,---a woman could not be sheriff or a policeman." "If women assume all the duties political equality implies,.that the time attention necessary.to the.duties of home life will be absorbed in the affairs of State." "Political equality would rouse antagonism between the sexes."

3. (From founder and president of National Association Opposed to Woman Suffrage 1914)

"Because of her lowered physical and nervous vitality the w6man worker has had to be protected in her industrial life in order that the state might conserve her value as the woman citizen. Women cannot be treated exactly as men are, and motherhood, potential or actual, does determine woman's efficiency in industrial and social undertakings."

4, (From the Suffragist, weekly-paper of women's movement, 1914)

"That Woman Suffrage cannot be supported because of a man's respect, admiration, and reverence for womanhood." "That five little colored girls marched in a Suffrage parade in Columbus, Ohio" "That women must be protected against themselves. They think they want to vote. As a matter of fact, they do not want to vote, and man, being aware of this fact, is obliged to prevent them from getting the ballot that they do not want." "That the ballot would degrade women." "That no man would care to.marry a Suffragist." "That women do not read newspapers on street cars." "That women do not buy newspapers of Ikey Oppenstein, eho keeps the stand on the corner." "That no man would care to marry a female butcher." "That no man would care to marry a female policeman." "That Woman Suffrage is a matter for States to determine." 4. (Cont.) . she "That Mrs. Harriot Stanton Blatch once marched in a procession in which carried a banner inscribed! "One million.Socialists vote and work for Suffrage" to a cabinet-officer "That Inez Milholland married a Belgian.and once.referred as a joke." "That women fail to take part in the 'duty of organize murder' and might therefore vote against war."

5. Congressional Record June 3, 1919, in the Senate

Senator Borah of Idaho: "The woman is naturally tied to her home not only physically, upon public but spiritually, and from her home she must exert her influence affairs.". people, there Senator Underwood of Alabama: "If the women of America were a separate might be some question.as to whether their Views *are reflected in the Government, but the wompn of America are a part of the American people; they have certain votes in their family circle, and those votes, whatever they are, whether they be case by father and son, or hereafter whether they be cast by mother and daughter will continue reflect the sentiment of that family circle, whether it be for the good or the ill of the Nation.

5. (Cont.)

Senator Smith of South Carolina: "I know the women of my State pretty well, and I am quite.sure that if they had wanted suffrage, with all the dangers and evils that it would entail, they would have said so. But they have resolutely refused to be stampeded by a few hysterical propagandists or propagooses, I do not know which is the proper term. They have refused to be stampeded and a vast majority or our women are opposed to opening the Pandora's Box of evils and threatening once again the civilization of that State and other States with similar conditions.

Senator Reed of Missouri: "I will tell you how the debate has been conducted in my State. I know something.about what has gone on there. It has been the subject of laughter and jest more than of any serious consideration. Ladies have come, as I said the other day, and asked to address audiences that were called together by Democrats.or Republicans.. They have been accorded the platform and have spoken their little piece, bowed themselves out, and the business of the evening went on. Nobody regarded it in a very serious way. We had a vote on it. There was not any debate during that campaign on woman suffrage, except on one side. Some of the ladies turned out and spoke for it. I believe I state the truth when I say that the great mass of the women of Missouri were totally indifferent to it, and when they got through the people voted it down by 140,000 majority." 5. (Cont)

Senator Reed of Missouri: "We all know that it has been the commonly understood situation that in the South the women have not desired the right of suffrage and that the sentiment has been strongly against suffrage. There have been more reasons than one for that. One of those reasons undoubtedly arises out of the race question. Another reason is probably found in the fact that for the most part the ladies of the-South.are intensely wedded to their home life, and are but little incluned to thrust themselves into public affairs; and I think I can say, without at all disparaging the women of other parts of the country, that at least it is true that one of the most glorious types of womanhood that ever beautified and rendered sweet and lovely this old earth is the women of the South." DRAFT REMARKS FOR WOMEN'S EQUALITY DAY SPEECH (8/26/84)

1. INTRODUCTION

I'm happy to be here with you today to celebrate an important date in the history of our country: the 64th anniversay of the ratification by the States of the 19th amendment to the Constitution giving women the right to vote.

We've come a long way since the days of the debate over the 19th amendment. I did a little research before coming here today and wanted to share with you today some of the arguments that were made at that time as to why women should not be allowed to vote. Here are several listed in the Suffragist, the weekly paper of the women's movement in 1914:

Woman Suffrage cannot be supported because of a man's respect, admiration, and reverence for womanhood.

The ballot would degrade women.

No man would care to marry a Suffragist.

No man would care to marry a female butcher.

No man would care to marry a female policeman.

Women do not read newspapers on street cars.

Women must be protected against themselves. They think they want to vote. As a matter of fact, they do not want to vote, and man, being aware of this fact, Is obliged to prevent them from getting the ballot that they do not want.

(SEE OTHER MATERIALS AS WELL.)

I hope that at one of the next celebrations of Women's Equality Day, we will be celebrating the ratification of the 27th Amendment to the Constitution which will state: (The 24 words of the ERA)

"Equality of rights under the law shall not be denied or abridged by the United States or. by any State on account of sex."

II. MEMORIES OF MY MOTHER'S (AUNT/SISTER/GODMOTHER) FIRST VOTE

(Any good stories?)

III. WE HAVE COME A LONG WAY SINCE THOSE DAYS

1. Olympics: More women competed in these Olympics than in any in history.

2. Education: Almost half of the bachelors and masters degress awarded in 1979-80 went to women; and women were as likely-as men to finish high school in 1980. 3. Labor force participation:

o The number of women in the labor force has risen 173% between 1947 and 1980: from 16.7 million to 45.6 million.

o In Iowa, the number of women in the labor force rose from 412,000 in 1970 to 575,000 in 1980, so that women in 1980 comprised 42% of the civilian labor force in Iowa.

o In Iowa the number of women managers and professionals rose from 70,000 In 1970 to 109,000 in 1980.

4. We have seen fantastic individual achievements by women in the last few years:

Sally Ride Joan Benoit Sandra Day O'Connor Geraldine Ferraro

5. In fact the key words of this election year are: "gender gap." Women are being courted more than ever for their votes this year in Presidential race and in all of the federal, state, and local races: a far cry from the days before the 19th Amendment.

IV. HOWEVER, WE HAVE A LONG WAY STILL TO GO.

1. Women still face lower earnings, greater poverty, and less protection under the law than do men.

a) Women earn 59% of what men earn. This Is down from 1955, when, accor~ding to the US Census, women earned 65% of what men did. This is true across different occupations (1980 US Census data): professional women earn 66% of what professional men do; female managers earn 55% of what male managers do; women in sales earn 42% of what men in sales do.

b) Although families in Iowa with income below the poverty level decreased between 1970 and 1980, families in poverty in Iowa headed by women rose from 23% of all families in poverty to 31% of all families in poverty. (From Iowa Office for Planning and Programming.)

c) We do not have the Equal Rights Amendment. We do not have economic equity. We still have sex-based wage discrimination. And we have a much weaker Title IX of the Civil Rights Act.

2. For women in our society to be so disadvantaged is a stain on this country's reputation.. We live in a democracy. Our Constitution guarantees equal protection under the law. Until the historic promises of this nation are a reality for all, those who govern this country have a responsibility to make the necessary changes.

V. - WE HAVE A LONG AGENDA AHEAD OF US BEFORE WOMEN WILL SHARE FULLY IN THE BENEFITS, OPPORTUNITIES, AND PROTECTIONS OF OUR SOCIETY 1. We need Economic Equity for women

a) First of all, we need for work of comparable worth to be paid equally. And that is no radical idea. (Story about the farmer who said that he is not a "women's libber, but..." his daughter was not paid anywhere near what an inexperienced male was.)

b) However, we need more than just comparable pay. We need:

-- Women's educational equity to ensure that girls receive every opportunity in school that the boys do.

- An end to discrimination against women in insurance policies.

- Reforms in pension laws so that women are not penalized for stopping out from the workforce to raise a family.

- Programs to prevent family violence, so that women and children need not live in fear of their very lives.

- Recognition that many farm women are full working partners on their farms; that they participate in making farm decisions, especially financial decisions; and that therefore, the U.S. Department of Agriculture must appoint farm women to both administrative and policy positions in that Department.

2. We need strong civil rights laws to prohibit discrimination against women.

a) We have felt great pride these past few weeks in the accomplishments of our women's Olympic teams: our women's swimming and diving teams, our women's track and field team, our women's gymnastic team, our women's volleyball team, and all of the women' athletic teams who participated in the Games in Los Angeles. In fact, we should be thanking Title IX of the Civil Rights Act, for forcing American schools, colleges, universities to broaden women's athleties programs and to establish women's athletic scholarships, which made possible all of the marvellous feats of our female athletes in this year's Olympics.

b) We must ensure that not only Title IX, but all of the civil rights legislation, Is broadly enforced, in order to prevent discrimination against women,' minorities, the disabled, and older people as well.

3. We need true pro-family policies, not rhetoric or proposals which pretend that we live in an idealized 1950s world:

a) We need adequately funded education programs to make sure that our children learn the basics or reading and mathematics and have the opportunities that they want for vocational or college training;

b) We need adequately funded health and nutrition programs, which provide immunizations, school lunches, supplemental nutrition to pregnant women and new mothers, so that we can be sure that our babies and children are healthy and able to grow and learn. c) We need to help single parents care for their families: through after school programs, child care, enforcement of child support orders, and job security.

e) We need to preserve programs which assist the disabled. Again, the responsibility for caring for disabled individuals, whether children or adults, often falls to women. We need to provide adequate resources for the education and care for these individuals and to support the families who are caring for ;them.

4. This is.an ambitious agenda. But it is my agenda as a candidate for the U.S. Senate. And, I believe, it is the agenda of the people of this state and this country.

VI. THIS AGENDA IS NOT THE AGENDA OF THE CURRENT ADMINISTRATION AND ITS REPUBLICAN SUPPORTERS IN THE SENATE.

-They oppose enforcement of comparable worth legislation.

-They support the Grove City decision which gravely narrows the applicability of Title IX of the Civil Rights Act.

-They are belatedly supporting parts of the Economic Equity Act, such as pension reform and child support enforcement, in a desperate last-ditch attempt 'to bridge the gender gap.

Well, my response 'to this Administration's last ditch attempt to bridge the gender gap is best summed up in a button that I saw at the Democratic Convention. The button read:

"Women were not born Democrats, Republicans, or Yesterday."

Ronald Reagan and Roger Jepsen cannot at this late date close the gender gap. And women are going to let them know that by voting them out of office in November.

VII. THE DIFFERENCE THAT WOMEN ARE GOING TO MAKE IN THIS YEAR'S ELECTION 1. 8 million more women than men will vote in 1984...that is a threatening prospect to a President and a Senator who do. not support the women's agenda.

2. Now, I know that women do not yet have the financial resources to put big money Into the various campaigns that they support. (How can they, when they make 59 cents on the dollar when compared to men?)

3. However, I know the major part that women play in every political campaign. There are plenty of women on my campaign: my steering committees are % women; my staff is % women, including the director of my field operations and my (Ginny B's title). And of course my wife and 2 daughters who help me campaign. Then there are the women who volunteer who are the critical element to make a campaign work: stuffing envelopes, working the phone banks, holding meetings in their homes, canvassing for candidates, running the voter registration tables, and ultimately getting out the vote. The work that women do in our political process is too often overlooked and undercounted.

4. I have also started something new in my Senate campaign: a Women for Harkin for Women project: one of the first of its kind in a Senate or Congressional race in the country. I established this project because:

I want women involved in a fundamental way in my campaign because I believe we share the same priorities: economic equity, civil rights, and family.

I wanted more than an advisory group because I know that women have the ability to organize and mobilize at the grassroots level and that we must reach and register all of our women voters.

Finally, I believe that women are critical to my Senate campaign, and I felt that they ought to be an explicit part of it and not taken for granted.

VIII. AND THIS ELECTION IS CRITICAL:

What is at stake this year is the future of our country.

1. We are going to have to make some hard choices as to how we reduce the enormous federal budget deficits we face.

Everyone agrees that we must reduce our budget deficits. The question is going to be what to cut. This administration is asking some sectors of our economy, such as our older citizens, to hold the line, while other sectors, such as the defense industry, are allowed to spend, spend, spend. Money flows so freely at the Pentagon, that It has become a national joke that officials there can spend $450 for a $7 hammer. It is a sick joke when it causes this Administration to propose higher Medicare payments from our older citizens to close the deficit. -It becomes a women's issue when we consider that Social Security and Medicare are particularly crucial to older women, many of whom have little or no other income. And the average Social Security payment to women in Iowa last year was only $374 per month. We need a change In who Is making these crucial decisions. 2. Who will serve on the Supreme Court: RR choices or WM choices

There are currently 4 Supreme Court Justices over 75 years of age. It is extremely likely that in the next four years, the President will have the opportunity to appoint replacements for some of the justices. The character of the U.S. supreme Court has already become markedly more conservative under recent Republican administrations. The Grove City case is one example of this Court's philosophical bent. However, the Court could move much farther to the right, if Reagan is allowed to make several new appointments. For it was Ronald Reagan who was especially critical of the Supreme Court's positions on civil rights and civil lilberties during the 1960s.

3. Finally, we will be deciding what role we play in the international arms race: will we be threatening to blow up the Russians in 5 minutes or will we be willing to negotiate with tough adversaries.

The U.S.' and the Soviets must take up arms negotiations again. (Every President since Herbert Hoover has met with the Soviet head of state: why not this President?)

A bilateral veriable nuclear freeze is of utmost importance.

The U.S. must also work with its allies and adversaries to stop the proliferation of nuclear weapons all over the planet.

IX. I NEED YOUR SUPPORT AND HELP

Won't you join me now in my effort to raise these vital issues? I need your votes, your assistance, your support to win in November. Please:

Contribute today

Join Women for Harkin for Women

Help get out the vote on Election Day DRAFT REMARKS FOR WOMEN'S EQUALITY DAY SPEECH (8/26/84)

I. INTRODUCTION

l'm happy to be here with you today to celebrate an important date in the history of our country: the 64th anniversay of the ratification by the States of the 19th amendment to the Constitution giving women the right to vote.

Woman Suffrage cannot be supported because of a man's respect, admiration, and reverence for womanhood.

The ballot would degrade women.

No man would care to marry a Suffragist.

No man would care to marry a female butcher.

No man would care to marry a female policeman.

Women do not read newspapers on street cars.

Women must be protected against themselves. They think they want to vote. As a matter of fact, they do not want to vote, and man, being aware of this fact, is obliged to prevent them from getting the ballot that they do not want.

(SEE OTHER MATERIALS AS-WELL.)

I hope that at one of the next celebrations of Women's Equality Day, we will be celebrating the ratification of the 27th Amendment to the Constitution which will state: (The 24 words of the ERA)

"Equality of rights under the law shall not be denied or abridged by the United States or by any State on account of sex."

11. MEMORIES OF MY MOTHER'S (AUNT/SISTER/GODMOTHER) FIRST VOTE

(Any good stories?)

Ill. WE HAVE COME A LONG WAY SINCE THOSE DAYS

1. Olympics: More women competed in these Olympics than in any in history.

2. Education: Almost half of the bachelors and masters degress awarded in 1979-80 went to women; and women were as likely as men to finish high school in 1980.

- IXf~~ i 3. Labor force participation:

o The number of women in the labor force has risen 173% between 1947 and 1980: from 16.7 million to 45.6 million.

o In Iowa, the number of women in the labor force rose from 412,000 in 1970 to 575,000 in 1980, so that women in 1980 comprised 42% of the civilian labor force in Iowa.

o In Iowa the number of women managers and professionals rose from 70,000 in 1970 to 109,000 in 1980.

4. We have seen fantastic individual achievements by women in the last few years:

Sally Ride Joan Benoit; Sandra Day O'Connor Geraldine Ferraro

IV. HOWEVER, WE HAVE A LONG WAY STILL TO GO.

1. Women still face lower earnings, greater poverty, and less protection under the law than do men.

a) Women earn 59% of what men earn. This is down from 1955, when, according to the US Census, women earned 65% of what men did. This is true across different occupations (1980 US Census data): professional women earn 66% of what professional men do; female managers earn 55% of what male managers do; women in sales earn 42% of what men in sales do.

c) We do not have the Equal Rights Amendment. We do not have economic equity. We still have sex-based wage discrimination. And we have a much weaker Title IX of the Civil Rights Act.

V. WE HAVE A LONG AGENDA AHEAD OF US BEFORE WOMEN WILL SHARE FULLY IN THE BENEFITS, OPPORTUNITIES, AND PROTECTIONS OF OUR SOCIETY 1. We need Economic Equity for women

b) However, we need more than just comparable pay. We need:

-- Women's educational equity to ensure that girls receive every opportunity in school that the boys do.

- An end to discrimination against women in insurance policies.

- Reforms in pension laws so that women are not penalized for stopping out from the workforce to raise a family.

-- Programs to prevent family violence, so that women and children need not live in fear of their very lives. , A* -- Recognition that farm women are working partners on their farms; ttHf t <; that they participate w+--teis u d in making farm decisions, especially financial decisions; and that therefore,, the U.S. Department of Agriculture must appoint farm women to both administrative and policy positions in that Department.

2. We need strong civil rights laws to prohibit discrimination against women.

a) We have felt great pride these past few weeks in the accomplishments of our women's Olympic teams: our women's swimming and diving teams, our women's track and field team, our women's gymnastic team, our women's volleyball team, and all of the women' athletic teams who participated in the Games in Los Angeles. In fact, we should be thanking Title IX of the Civil Rights Act, for forcing American schools, colleges, universities to broaden women's athletics programs and to establish women's athletic scholarships, which made possible all of the marvellous feats of our female athletes in this year's Olympics.

b) We must ensure that not only Title IX, but all of the civil rights legislation, is broadly enforced, in order to prevent discrimination against women, minorities, the disabled, and older people as well.

3. We need true pro-family policies, not rhetoric or proposals which pretend that we live in an idealized 1950s world:

.a) We need adequately funded education programs to make sure that our children learn the basics or reading and mathematics and have the opportunities that they want for vocational or college training;

b) We need adequately funded health and nutrition programs, which provide immunizations, school lunches, supplemental nutrition to pregnant women and new mothers, so that we can be sure that our babies and children are healthy and able to grow and learn. c) We need to help single parents care for their families: through nfter School Programs, child care, enforcement of child security. support orders, and job

d) We need adequate and available medical care for our older parents, relatives, and friends. So often, women who have returned when to the work force their own children are grown must leave again to care relatives. for their older We need to maintain visiting nursing programs, in-home adequate nursing health care, home facilities, and of course a financially sound Medicare program, both to ensure the security and dignity of our relatives older friends and and to support the many women who are caring for them. e) We need to preserve programs which assist the disabled. Again; the responsibility for caring for disabled individuals, whether often children or adults, falls to women. We need to provide adequate resources education for the and care for these individuals and to support the families caring for; them. who are My opponent thinks that the way to protect the family is of school to ensure parental review textbooks, to exclude corporal punishment from the definition abuse, and to prevent of child federal government action in the area of spouse abuse. believe that we need to harness I the powers of our government to provide for the health and well-being of our families instead. 4. This is an ambitious agenda. But it is my agenda as a candidate for the U.S. Senate. And, I believe, it is the agenda of the people country. of this state and this

VI. THIS AGENDA IS NOT THE AGENDA OF THE CURRENT ADMINISTRATION AND ITS RuEPUBLICAN SUPPORuTERS IN THE SENATE.

-- They oppose enforcement of comparable worth legislation. -- They support the Grove City decision which gravely narrows the applicability of Title IX of the Civil Rights Act.

-- They are belatedly supporting parts of the Economic Equity pension reform Act, such as and child support enforcement, in a desperate last-ditch attempt to bridge the gender gap.

Well, my response to this Administration's last ditch gender attempt to bridge the gap is best summed up in a button that I saw at the Democratic The button read: Convention.

"Women were not born Democrats, Republicans, or Yesterday." Ronald Reagan and Roger Jepsen cannot at this late date close the gender gap. And women are going to let them know that November. by voting them out of office in VII. TH4E DIFFERENCE THAT WOMEN ARE GOING TO MAKE IN THIS YEAR'S ELECTION 1. 8 million more women than men will vote in 1984...that is a threatening prospect to a President and a Senator who do not support the women's agenda.

2. Now, I know that women do not yet have the financial resources to put big money into the various campaigns that they support. (How can they, when they make 59 cents on the dollar when compared to men?)

3. However, I know the major part that women play in every political campaign. hey are the volunteers who are the critical element to make a campaign work: stuffing envelopes, working the phone banks, holding meetings in their homes, canvassing for candidates, running the voter registration tables in front of offices and shopping malls, and ultimately getting out the vote. The work that women do in our political process is too often overlooked and undercounted.

There are plenty of women on my campaign: my steering committees are % women; my county chairs are % women; my staff is % women, including the director of my field operations and my (Ginny B's title). There are (any other relevant data Sarah?) And of course my wife and 2 daughters who help me campaign. .

5. However, I have also started something w in my Senate campaign: a Women foi Harkin for Women project: the '1 its kind in a Senate or Congressional race in the country. I established this project because:

I want women involved in a fundamental way in my campaign because I believe we share the same priorities: economic equity, civil rights, and family.

I wanted more than an advisory group because I know that womer have the abiiyt orgn e an~obilz att gras$oot leel PY 4

Finally, I believe that womeff are critical to my Senate campaign, and I felt that, they ought to be an explicit part of it and not taken for granted.

VIII. AND THIS ELECTION IS CRITICAL:

What is at stake this year is the future of our country.

1. We are going to have to make some hard choices as to how we reduce the enormous federal budget deficits we face.

Everyone agrees that we must reduce our budget deficits. The question is -, 4going to be what to cut. This administration is asking some sectors of our economy, such as our older citizens, to hold the line, while other sectors, such as the defense industry, are allowed to spend, spend, spend. Money flows so freely at the Pentagon, that, it has become a national joke that officials there can spend $450 for a $7 hammer. It is a sick joke when it causes this Administration to propose. higher M-edidare ~pai ts--of our older citizens to close the deficit. It becomes a women's issue when we consider that Social Security and Mecicare are particularly crucial to older women, many of whom have little or no other income. And the average Social Security payment to women in Iowa last year was only $374 per month. We need a change in who is making these crucial decisions. 2. Who will serve on the Supreme Court: RR choices or WM choices

There are currently 4 Supreme Court Jtistices over 75 years of age. It is extremely likely that in the next four years, the President will have the opportunity to appoint replacements for some of the justices. The character of the U.S. supreme Court has already become markedly more conservative under recent Republican administrations. The Grove City case is one example of this Court's philosophical bent. However, the Court could move much farther to the right, if Reagan is allowed to make several new appointments. For it was Ronald Reagan who was especially critical of the Supreme Court's positions on civil rights and civil lilberties during the 1960s.

The U.S. and the Soviets must take up arms negotiations again. (Every President since Herbert Hoover has met with the Soviet head of state: why not this President?)

A bilateral veriable nuclear freeze is of utmost importance.

The U.S. must also work with its allies and adversaries to stop the proliferation of nuclear weapons all over the planet.

M4M

44, m

/P4 A' , -OL",k , kj, e, VC A-0 q >A AQ Ob 0

DRAFT REMARKS FOR WOMEN'S EQUALITY DAY S1.3131-13CH (8/26/84)

I. INTRODUCTION

'm happy to be here with you today to celebrate an important date in the history of our country: the 64th anniversay of the ratification by the States of the 19th amendment to the Constitution giving women the right to vote.

Woman Suffrage cannot be supported because of a man's respect, admiration, and reverence for womanhood.

The ballot would degrade women.

No man would care to marry a Suffragist.

No man would care to marry a female butcher.

No man would care to marry a female policeman.

Women do not read newspapers on street cars.

(SEE OTHER MATERIALS AS-WELL.)

I hope that at one of the next celebrations of Women's Equality Day, we will be celebrating the ratification of the 27th Amendment to the Constitution which will state: (The 24 words of the ERA)

"Equality of rights under the law shall not be denied or abridged by the United States or by any State on account of sex."

II. MEMORIES OF MY MOTHER'S (AUNT/SISTER/GODMOTHER) FIRST voTrE

(Any good stories?)

III. WE HAVE COME A LONG WAY SINCE THOSE DAYS

1. Olympics: More women competed in these Olympics than in any in history.

2. Education: Almost half of the bachelors and masters degress awarded in 1979-80 went to women; and women were as likely as men to finish high school in 1980. 3. Labor force participation:

o The number of women in the labor force has risen 173% between 1947 and 1980: from 16.7 million to 45.6 million.

o In Iowa, the number of women in the labor force rose from 412,000 in 1970 to 575,000 In 1980, so that women in 1980 comprised 42% of the civilian labor force in Iowa.

o In Iowa the number of women managers and professionals rose from 70,000 in 1970 to 109,000 in 1980.

4. We have seen fantastic individual achievements by women in the last few years:

Sally Ride ,Joan Benoit; Sandra Day O'Connor Geraldine Ferraro

IV. HOWEVER, WE HAVE A LONG WAY STILL TO GO.

1. Women still face lower earnings, greater poverty, and less protection under the law than do men.

b) Although families in Iowa with income below the poverty level decreased between 1970 and 1980, families in poverty in Iowa headed by women rose from 23%, of all families in poverty to 31% of all families in poverty. (From Iowa Office for Planning and Programming.)

c) We do not have the Equal Rights Amendment. We do not have economic equity. We still have sex-based wage discrimination. And we have a much weaker Title IX of the Civil Rights Act.

V. WE HAVE A LONG AGENDA AHEAD OF US BEFORE WOMEN WILL SHARE FULLY IN THE BENEFITS, OPPORTUNITIES, AND PROTECTIONS OF OUR SOCIETY 1. We need Economic Equity for women

a) First of all, we need for work of comparable worth to be paid equally. And that is no radical idea. (Story about the farmer who said that he is not. a "women's libber, but..." his daughter was not paid anywhere near what an inexperienced male was.)

b) However, we need more than just comparable pay. We need:

-- Women's educational equity to ensure that girls receive every opportunity in school that the boys do.

-- An end to discrimination against women in insurance policies.

- Reforms in pension laws so that women are not penalized for stopping out from the workforce to raise a family.

-- Programs to prevent family violence, so that women and children need not live in fear of their very lives.

-- Recognition that farm women are working partners on their farms; that they regularly do some type of form work; that they participate with their husbands in making farm decisions, especially financial decisions; and that therefore, the U.S. Department of Agriculture must appoint farm women to both. administrative and policy positions in that Department.

2. We need strong civil rights laws to prohibit discrimination against women.

a) We have felt great pride these past few weeks in the accomplishments of our women's Olympic teams: our women's swimming and diving teams, our women's track and field team, our women's gymnastic team, our women's volleyball team, and all of the women' athletic teams who participated in the Games in Los Angeles. In fact, we should be thanking Title IX of the Civil Rights Act, for forcing American schools, colleges, universities to broaden women's athletics programs and to establish women's athletic scholarships, which made possible all of the marvellous feats of our female athletes in this year's Olympics.

3. We need true pro-family policies, not rhetoric or proposals which pretend that we live in an idealized 1950s world:

b) We need adequately funded health and nutrition programs, which provide immunizations, school lunches, supplemental nutrition to pregnant women and new mothers, so that we can be sure that our babies and children are healthy and able to grow and learn. c) We need to help single parents care for their families: through after school programs, child care,-enforcement of child support orders, and job security.

My opponent thinks that the way to protect the family is to ensure parental review of school textbooks, to exclude corporal punishment from the definition of child abuse, and to prevent federal government action in the area of spouse abuse. I believe that we need to harness the powers of our government to provide for the health and well-being of our families instead. 4. This is an ambitious agenda. But it is my agenda as a candidate for the U.S. Senate. And, I believe, it is the agenda of the people of this state and this country.

VI. THIS AGENDA IS NOT THE AGENDA OF THE CURRENT ADMINISTRATION AND ITS REPUBLICAN SUPPORTERS IN THE SENATE.

-- They oppose enforcement of comparable worth legislation.

-- They support the Grove City decision which gravely narrows the applicability of Title IX of the Civil Rights Act. -- They are belatedly supporting parts of the Economic Equity Act, such as pension reform and child support enforcement, in a desperate last-ditch attempt to bridge the gender gap.

Well, my response to this Administration's last ditch attempt to bridge the gender gap is best summed up in a button that I saw at the Democratic Convention. The button read:

"Women were not born Democrats, Republicans, or Yesterday."

Ronald Reagan and Roger Jepsen cannot at this late date close the gender gap. And women are going to let them know that by voting them out of office November. in

3. However, I know the major part that women play in every political campaign. They are the volunteers who are the critical element to make a campaign work: stuffing envelopes, working the phone banks, holding meetings in their homes, canvassing for candidates, running the voter registration tables in front of offices and shopping malls, and ultimately getting out the vote. The work that women do in our political process is too often overlooked and undercounted.

4. There are plenty of women on my campaign: my steering committees are % women; my county chairs are % women; my staff is % women, including the director of my field operations and my (Ginny B's title). There are (any other relevant data Sarah?) And of course my wife and 2 daughters who help me campaign.

5. However, I have also started something new in my Senate campaign: a Women for Harkin for Women project: the first of its kind in a Senate or Congressional race in the country. I established this project because:

I want women involved in a fundamental way in my campaign because I believe we share the same priorities: economic equity, civil rights, and family.

I wanted more than an advisory group because I know that women have the ability to organize and mobilize at the grassroots level.

Finally, I believe that women are critical to my Senate campaign, and I felt that, they ought to be an explicit part of it and not taken for granted.

VIII. AND THIS ELECTION IS CRITICAL:

What is at stake this year is the future of our country.

1. We are going to have to make some hard choices as to how we reduce the enormous federal budget deficits we face.

Everyone agrees that we must reduce our budget deficits. The question is going to be what to cut. This administration is asking some sectors of our economy, such as our older citizens, to hold the line, while other sectors, such as the defense industry, are allowed to spend, spend, spend. Money flows so freely at the Pentagon, that it has become a national joke that officials there can spend $450 for a $7 hammer. It is a sick joke when it causes this Administration to propose higher Medicare payments of our' older citizens to close the deficit. It becomes a womnen's issue when we consider that Social Security and Mecicare are particularly crucial to older women, many of whom have little or no other income. And the average Social Security payment to women in Iowa last year was only $374 per month. We need a change in who is making these crucial decisions. 2. Who will serve on the Supreme Court: RR choices or WM choices

The U.S. ;and the Soviets must take up arms negotiations again. (Every President since Herbert Hoover has met with the Soviet head of state: why not this President?)

A bilateral veriable nuclear freeze is of utmost importance.

The U.S. must also work with its allies and adversaries to stop the proliferation of nuclear weapons all over the planet. DRAFT REMARKS FOR WOMEN'S EQUALITY DAY SPEECH (8/26/84)

I. INTRODUCTION

Woman Suffrage cannot be supported because of a man's respect, admiration, and reverence for womanhood.

The ballot would degrade women.

No man would care to marry a Suffragist.

No man would care to marry a female butcher.

No man would care to marry a female policeman.

Women do not read newspapers on street cars.

(SEE OTHER MATERIALS AS WELL.)

I hope that at one of the next celebrations of Women's Equality Day, we will be celebrating the ratification of the 27th Amendment to the Constitution which will state: (The 24 words of the ERA)

"Equality of rights under the law shall not be denied or abridged by the United States or by any State on account of sex."

II. MEMORIES OF MY MOTHER'S (AUNT/SISTER/GODMOTHER) FIRST VOTE

(Any good stories?)

III. WE HAVE COME A LONG WAY SINCE THOSE DAYS

1. Olympics: More women competed in these Olympics than in any in history.

2. Education: Almost half of the bachelors and masters degress awarded in 1979-80 went to women; and women were as likely as men to finish high school in 1980. 3. Labor force participation:

o The number of women in the labor force has risen 173% between 1947 and 1980: from 16.7 million to 45.6 million.

o In Iowa, the number of women in the labor force rose from 412,000 in 1970 to 575,000 in 1980, so that women in 1980 comprised 42% of the civilian labor force in Iowa.

o In Iowa the number of women managers and professionals rose from 70,000 in 1970 to 109,000 in 1980.

4. We have seen fantastic individual achievements by women in the last few years:

Sally Ride Joan Benoit Sandra Day O'Connor Geraldine Ferraro

IV. HOWEVER, WE HAVE A LONG WAY STILL TO GO.

1. Women still face lower earnings, greater poverty, and less protection under the law than do men.

c) We do not have the Equal Rights Amendment. We do not have economic equity. We still have sex-based wage discrimination. And we have a much weaker Title IX of the Civil Rights Act.

V. WE HAVE A LONG AGENDA AHEAD OF US BEFORE WOMEN WILL SHARE FULLY IN THE BENEFITS, OPPORTUNITIES, AND PROTECTIONS OF OUR SOCIETY 1. We need Economic Equity for women

b) However, we need more than just comparable pay. We need:

-- Women's educational equity to ensure that girls receive every opportunity in school that the boys do.

- An end to discrimination against women in insurance policies.

- Reforms in pension laws so that women are not penalized for stopping out from the workforce to raise a family.

- Programs to prevent family violence, so that women and children need not live in fear of their very lives.

- Recognition that farm women are working partners on their farms; that they regularly do some type of form work; that they participate with their husbands in making farm decisions, especially financial decisions; and that therefore, the U.S. Department of Agriculture must appoint farm women to both administrative and policy positions in that Department.

2. We need strong civil rights laws to prohibit discrimination against women.

a) We have felt great pride these past few weeks in the accomplishments of our women's Olympic teams: our women's swimming and diving teams, our women's track and field team, our women's gymnastic team, our women's volleyball team, and all of the women' athletic teams who participated in the Games in Los Angeles. In fact, we should be thanking Title IX of the Civil Rights Act, for forcing American schools, colleges, universities to broaden women's athletics programs and to establish women's athletic scholarships, which made possible all of the marvellous feats of our female athletes in this year's Olympics.

3. We need true pro-family policies, not rhetoric or proposals which pretend that we live in an idealized 1950s world:

d) We need adequate and available medical care for our older parents, relatives, and friends. So often, women who have returned to the work force when their own children are grown must leave again to care for their older relatives. We need to maintain visiting nursing programs, in-home health care, adequate nursing home facilities, and of course a financially sound Medicare program, both to ensure the security and dignity of our older friends and relatives and to support the many women who are caring for them. e) We need to preserve programs which assist the disabled. Again, the responsibility for caring for disabled individuals, whether children or adults, often falls to women. We need to provide adequate resources for the education and care for these individuals and to support the families who are caring for them.

My opponent thinks that the way to protect the family is to ensure parental review of school textbooks, to exclude corporal punishment from the definition of child abuse, and to prevent federal government action in the area of spouse abuse. I believe that we need to harness the powers of our government to provide for the health and well-being of our families instead. 4. This is an ambitious agenda. But it is my agenda as a candidate for the Senate. U.S. And, I believe, it is the agenda of the people of this state and this country.

VI. THIS AGENDA IS NOT THE AGENDA OF THE CURRENT ADMINISTRATION AND ITS REPUBLICAN SUPPORTERS IN THE SENATE.

-They oppose enforcement of comparable worth legislation. -They support the Grove City decision which gravely narrows the applicability of Title IX of the Civil Rights Act.

-They are belatedly supporting parts of the Economic Equity Act, pension such as reform and child support enforcement, in a desperate last-ditch attempt to bridge the gender gap. Well, my response to this Administration's last ditch attempt to bridge the gender gap is best summed up in a button that I saw at the Democratic Convention. The button read:

"Women were not born Democrats, Republicans, or Yesterday." Ronald Reagan and Roger Jepsen cannot at this late date close the gender gap. And women are going to let them know that by voting November. them out of office in VII. THE DIFFERENCE THAT WOMEN ARE GOING TO MAKE IN THIS YEAR'S ELECTION 1. 8 million more women than men will vote in 1984...that is a threatening prospect to a President and a Senator who do not support the women's agenda.

I want women involved in a fundamental way in my campaign because I believe we share the same priorities: economic equity, civil rights, and family.

I wanted more than an advisory group because I know that women have the ability to organize and mobilize at the grassroots level.

Finally, I believe that women are critical to my Senate campaign, and I felt that they ought to be an explicit part of it and not taken for granted.

VIII. AND THIS ELECTION IS CRITICAL:

What is at stake this year is the future of our country.

1. We are going to have to make some hard choices as to how we reduce the enormous federal budget deficits we face.

Everyone agrees that we must reduce our budget deficits. The question is going to be what to cut. This administration is asking some sectors of our economy, such as our older citizens, to hold the line, while other sectors, such as the defense industry, are allowed to spend, spend, spend. Money flows so freely at the Pentagon, that it has become a national joke that officials there can spend $450 for a $7 hammer. It is a sick joke when it causes this Administration to propose higher Medicare payments of our older citizens to close the deficit. It becomes a women's issue when we consider that Social Security and Mecicare are particularly crucial to older women, many of whom have little or no other income. And the average Social Security payment to women in Iowa last year was only $374 per month. We need a change in who is making these crucial decisions. 2. Who will serve on the Supreme Court: RR choices or WM choices

The U.S. and the Soviets must take up arms negotiations again. (Every President since Herbert Hoover has met with the Soviet head of state: why not this President?)

A bilateral veriable nuclear freeze is of utmost importance.

The U.S. must also work with its allies and adversaries to stop the proliferation of nuclear weapons all over the planet. WOMEN FORIHARKINFOR WOMEN

1,'9 , 8 4 _

TO: COUNTY CONTACT PERSONS DATE: 8-2-84 FROM: HARKIN CAMPAIGN RE: WOMEN'S EQUALITY DAY INFORMATION PACKET

WOMEN'S EQUALITY DAY celebrates the 64th anniversary of the enactment of the 19th Amendment of the U.S. Constitution. guaranteeing women the right to vote, on August 26, 1920. After the Equal Rights Amendment was passed by Congress in 1972, Congress adopted a resolution presented by New York Congress- woman Bella Abzug to celebrate Women's Equality Day. Not only was Women's Equality Day adopted to celebrate the enactment of the 19th Amendment, but also it was passed to focus attention on the need for ratificiation of the Equal Rights Amendment. TOM HARKIN supports the Equal Rights Amendment and co-sponsored the re-introduction of the ERA in 1982. Tom Harkin-has made the ERA a major theme of his election campaign. Roger Jepsen has consistently opposed the ERA.

The key to making your WOMEN'S EQUALITY DAY event a success is to remeber this: keep your event fun and simple! Anything your county does that day to celebrate Women's Equality Day will help show how important women are to Tom's campaign and will show that 'Tom has grassroots support across the state from many women and their families. In Des Moines, Tom will be keynote speaker at the Women's Equality Day Picnic hosted by the Des Moines chapter of the National Organization for Women. In Des Moines, the event is being kept simple because we are piggybaking Tom's appearance on an event which already exists. Don't hesitate to look for compatible groups and events on which you can piggyback your own event.

There are many groups which have already openly stated their support for Tom Harkin. You should feel free to utilize their members and resources to help you with your event. These groups include the American Nursing Association, the National Association of Social Workers, Communication Workers of America, Star-PAC (peace groups) and Sierra Club. Other groups have members who are very supportive 'of Tom Harkin even though the groups has not either officially endorsed Tom yet or cannot endorse any candidate. Ask your area coordinator for those groups.

The following is a checklist, which is probably not all- inclusive, to help make you event easy to do:

3213 S.W 9th Street Des Moines, Iowa 50315 (515) 282-5050 Paid for by Citizens for Harkin Have a brief planning meeting for your event. The major purpose of.this meeting is to DELEGATE!' Have sign-up sheets for volunteers to choose how they will help with the event. E.g.: phone calls distribute flyers food registration table clean-up reserving location proclamation entertainment mailing flyers index cards money person fundraising donations greeter delivering releases setting up event posting signs and posters Reserve place for event which is accessible to all. 1. Make arrangements for rain site or rain date. 2. Let people know your location is handicap accessible. Make index cards of who to invite. 1. Get names from county chair. 2..Get names from Harkin coordinator. 3. Get names from field staffer. 4. Get names from DVP person and coordinator. 5. Index cards can then be used for later in the campaign. Suggestions of who to invite: 1. Officers and members of-- AAUW Iowa Women's Politidal Caucus NOW League of Women Voters YWCA Democraic Women's Club Church groups Business and Professional Women Women Chamber of Commerce group or members PEO Peace groups--WAND, SANE, Campaign for Nuclear Disarmament, Physicians for Social Responsibility, Women's International League for Peace and Freedom and others Citizens for Community Improvement Iowa Citizens Action Network Citizens for Economic Justice Other women's organizations 2. Local candidates and politicos. 3. County central committee people. 4. State central committee people. 5. Harkin steering committee. .6. Harkin finance committee. 7. Democraic Voter Project coordinator. 8. Campaign managers. 9. Local professionals, especially professional women doctors, attorneys, dentists and businesswomen. 10. Friends, neighbors, relatives! ' Phone bank from index cards or divide up cards for each volunteer to call. 1. It is important that people don't let the cards sit so give out manageable amounts and let people get more when they are successful with their first group or cards. Have one person in charge of totals for your event. It would be best to have each volunteer call in their totals every couple of days so that no one sits and waits before making their calls.

Take sample proclamation to city councils in your county to proclaim Women's Equality Day on Aug. 26. 1. Usually you need to ask the city council to put the item on the agenda. 2. Women's Equality Day needs to be proclaimed the week before Aug. 26 in order that you can have the proclamation to read at your event. 3. Please have a person at the city council meeting to accept the proclamation when it is read and to thank the city council. Get each volunteer to donate 5 stamps to send out a few flyers. Ask those who receive the flyer to post the flyer in a public place when they have all the information off of it. Distribute and post flyers. Suggestions: community bulletin boards grocery stores laundromats drug stores apartment complexes schools churches office buildings college dorms college student unions bookstores Democratic headquarters shopping malls store windows medical clinics dept. of human services women's centers young women's resource ceni cars in parking lots be creative!

____ Get release of event into local publications: 1. supportive organization newsletters and mailings 2. church bulletins

_____ Fill in blanks on press releases dnd public service announcements and deliver or send to the media. Don't fcollegeshoppers radio local cable television Record list of all media releases delivered to and cut out releases from newspapers and shoppers when they run.

you do something special or even yIfsomething ordinary, ibvite the press. Have a registration table at the event. Things to have at your registration table: sign-in sheet, volunteer list lapel stickers issue papers buttons to sell bumperstickers other Harkin literature signature ad sign-up contribution bucket 1. please have at least two people work at the registration table. Day of the event: 1. Post flyers around the event site. 2,. Post Harkin posters around event site. 3. Have olunteers there early and expect everyone to come late! 4. HAVE FUN, CELEBRATE and HELP TOM WIN!

There are many fun, easy things that any group can do to make Women's Equality Day a succes for Tom. Here are some of the suggestions I have already heard:

1. Have women dress up like famous suffragists .such as: .Susan B. Anthony Elizabeth Cady Stanton Carrie Chapman Catt Alice Paul Amelia Bloomer (who was an Iowan) Lucretia Mott Virgina Woodhull a. We can send you short biographies on each. b. The suffragists wore all white with yellow and purple sashes. c. The suffragists had lots of signs they carried. You could make some signs for your suffragists. 2. Hold your event in a place that has historic relevance to women. 3. Have volunteers or local students give a portrayal of a famous suffragist such as a reading from the letters of Susan B. Anthony or Alice Paul. 4. Invite a historian to talk about local women's history. Where can you find a historian: county historical society high school teacher college professor newspaper reporter 5. Show a film. a. The state film library has a wonderful 25-minute color film called HOW WE GOT THE VOTE which is narrated by Jean Stapleton (Edith Bunker).. The film can be ordered simply be going to your own public library. It is free! b. THE GENDER GAP MOVIE.. This is a new and funny movie made just for 1984. The Democratic National party has bought 40 copies of this movie and . we are arranging to get some of those into the state. Let your area coordinator know if you like the id c. College, school and public libraries have other films and they are free. E.g.: ROSIE THE RIVETER, SHOULDER TO SHOULDER. d. Get some old free movies and have a good howl at how things have or have not changed! 6. GIVE WOMEN A FAIR SHARE OF THE PIE sale or auction. If you know of someone who is a good or funny auctioneer, you could turn you sale into a fun auction. Make sure you have lots of APPLE PIE! Other suggestions in this vein: . .a. Homemade ice cream and pie sale in the park. b. Sell pies on Saturday at Farmers' Market. 7. HOST A TEA FOR SUSAN B! A Sunday afternoon tea would be easy and would bring back the flavor of life before 1920. One person could be Susan B. and could be your guest of honor. 8. Have women candidates as your special guests of honor. 9. Have an awards presentation to the outstanding women volunteers in your community. Break down the awards into-categories. E.G.: a. Best telephone caller, outstanding fund- raiser, best envelope stuffer, best canvasser, best sign maker. b. For community awards instead..of political volunteer awards, you could have those divided into categories like theater, children, school, church, civic outstanding volunteers 10.;Have a money exchange where you exchange currency for Susan B. Anthony dollar coins--of course, you can exact a service charge on the exchange to raise money for Tom. 11. Have a speaker. Ruth Harkin will be available to attend events in the east half of Iowa. There are also a lot of other women who would make good speakers for ,such an event. These speakers could also make the plug for money for Tom. 12. Invite, as special guests of honor, women who were living during that historic time of the movement for the women's vote. Would they have stories to tell! 13. Take lots of pictures for the newspapers in your area and for the Harkin newsletter! .14.Try any combination of the above, or better yet, ,come up with a wonderful idea all your own and share it with us!

The Harkin campaign can provide you with a variety of things for this event: 1. Press releases. 2. public service announcements. 3, Flyers---should be ready Aug. 10. Being done in the flavor of the women's suffrage time period! 4. Speakers. 5. Field staff people to help at the event. 6. Harkin supplies. 7. THE GENDER GAP MOVIE. 8. More ideas! 1984 WOMEN'S EQUALITY DAY PROCLAMATION

WHEREAS, SIXTY-FOUR YEARS AGO, ON AUGUST 26, 1920, AFTER MANY YEARS OF ARDUOUS WORK BY COURAGEOUS AMERICAN WOMEN, A STEP TOWARD FULL EQUALITY FOR ALL AMERICANS WAS TAKEN AS THE 19TH AMENDMENT, GUARANTEEING WOMEN THE RIGHT TO VOTE, BECAME PART OF THE UNITED STATES CONSTITUTION; AND

WHEREAS, THAT VICTORY IS CAUSE FOR OUR CELEBRATION IN RECOGNITION AND HONOR OF THE WOMEN AND MEN WHO STRUGGLED TO ACHIEVE IT; AND

WHEREAS, WOMEN HAVE MADE MANY SIGNIFICANT CONTRIBUTIONS TO IMPROVE THE QUALITY OF LIFE FOR ALL AMERICANS BY EXERCISING THEIR RIGHT TO VOTE; AND

WHEREAS, 1980 MARKED THE FIRST TIME SINCE WOMEN WON THE RIGHT TO VOTE THAT MORE WOMEN THAN MEN VOTED IN AMERICA; AND

WHEREAS, IN 1984 AN ESTIMATED EIGHT MILLION MORE WOMEN THAN MEN WILL VOTE IN AMERICA;

THEREFORE, BE IT RESOLVED THAT THE CITY OF PROCLAIM AUGUST 26, 1984 WOMEN'S EQUALITY DAY IN SUPPORT OF THOSE WHO HAVE LABORED FOR EQUALITY OVER THE PAST GENERATION AND IN HONOR OF WOMEN VOTERS OF THE STATE OF IOWA,

DATED: THIS DAY OF 1 1984,

SIGNED: . 1984 WOMEN'S EQUALITY DAY PROCLAMATION

WHEREAS, THAT VICTORY IS CAUSE FOR OUR CELEBRATION IN RECOGNITION AND HONOR OF THE WOMEN AND MEN WHO STRUGGLED TO ACHIEVE IT; AND

WHEREAS, WOMEN HAVE MADE MANY SIGNIFICANT CONTRIBUTIONS TO IMPROVE THE QUALITY OF LIFE FOR ALL AMERICANS BY EXERCISING THEIR RIGHT TO VOTE; AND

WHEREAS, 1980 MARKED THE FIRST TIME SINCE WOMEN WON THE RIGHT TO VOTE THAT MORE WOMEN THAN MEN VOTED IN AMERICA; AND

WHEREAS, IN 1984 AN ESTIMATED EIGHT MILLION MORE WOMEN THAN MEN WILL VOTE IN AMERICA;

DATED: THIS DAY OF ______, 1984.

SIGNED: Stctement by PRESIDENT TRUMAN on 25th Anniversary of -Enfrcmchisementof American--Women -

THE WHITE HOUSE August 25, 1945

August 26, 1945, 'will mark the twenty-fifth azini-versary of the ratification by the states of the Amendment to the National Constitution grant- ing suffrage to women.

Less than a century ago women in the United States were.denied the right to vote and were classed as inferiors under the law. In 1920 there occurred one of the great events in our history - the Federal Constitution was amended to extend THE NEW YORK TIMES, SATURDAY our country. Since that suffrage to the women of (AP)-Elsie Hill, leader in the t time the movement to raise the status of women in fight for woman suffrage in all other fields has gone steadily forward. the United States, who once went to jail for her beliefs, In the total war through which we have just died last night in her hornel a heart attack: She was passed the home front has been no mere phrase, after 86 years old. but truly a battlefront where women bore a major Miss Hill, who was graduated part of the struggle. from Vassar college in 1906, lived in Washington where her Women walked into the pages of today's father, Ebenezer J. Hill, repre- history as good citizens and good soldiers. sented Fairfield County inj Congress. "I was a . Congressman's To praise women for making intelligent use daughter and I was very of the ballot, or for doing their share in win- proper," she said in an inter-: ning the war, would be an act of condescension the view six years ago, "But they' very opposite of that equal respect symbolized by put us in jail just for asking for the right to vote. I was the suffrage amendment. But on the twenty-fifth given 15 days in jail-five for anniversary of the Nineteenth Amendment, it is climbing on a public monu- We went on a hunger alike, should give ment fitting that we, men and women strike in jail." thanks for an America in which women can stand on . The suffragettes scored their the level footing of full citizenship in peace victory in 1920 when the Con- stitution was amended to give and in war. women the vote: The next year Miss Hill. became national chairrian of :,the Women's arty, a gru that had fought 1111.!) f "OIp1 fough IT.

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He lo 1) assu red 'repi'escl tatives of the Un ion 01he1 Hic Rul~es (ComioiiL~ee wvould shiortly bingij (;he( Amoundinei; to it Iiiiigvote ill the1,c I-louse.

ii ~JIIII " I'llie is everJy ireJ.50i LC) beilieve", sitid Mrs. Gilsonl Gaid- ncrl coilullellenig oil Mr. hfenry's glib hlige of fronit, '' that the Par ly leaders have mneL and Auid ihe Democra tic re- Iturns from the campaign Shtla ts.'' aIw 0m l i ay 12, Lt(!m'e tsoltiion oim ILe Susan 13. A ndhony Amendmntn was dlelbiLtd foi- over six honurs inl tme Houncse I 11) . and vo Ledl upon the stune day. O:ne hun mdred andl seven~y 4,1 four1 voteS ivere caLst;for lime Amendnent, L i hundredi and1 Ii -ii foumr age ins!; iL; .lVo ny-s ix miembher i' we e cordled its not0 Fi.voting. Or' time forty-six, twelve IWere paired inl favor, and plid six pired against; it. " 'T(.e Anendmnenii; thus failed by of I F seventLy-eghtll Votes of Lt(e ilecessitry Livo-hili ndls. F~ ~ lie it; a avoritec trick wvithl politiAcianls to br'ing 1iT) tie ( F ~Amendmin t itesill) shr sess ini of at dying Comigr~ss. They K canl Vote no ids91:ill have at chimcne(,e, inl ilhie new!I (Congress, to r~ecui thieiiseiven licifore-elioi. F I '['he Sitf]jirafist of Jantinry 2,3 qutotes soic of time reasonls a r Ffoi, opposing tHie A inendmen I;: M. 0'Tf'lliI Voim"in 8'iii [Tiage calmnol: ie immjjmiteil liecaiie orf a i1u111'

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T1l,111, 11o 11u:111 wouildi cac I.o miarry a 81itf'ragifi:. cal Il~~~Thi,Voiiici doi niot insti iiiwVwisias oii sticul cams. p

'Lhn t ivommcI (d0 iot [ily IIC vspapr o)PSf Ikcey Oppecsi~ll, Iwho,-* hcps dic stand on Ole corners. Thnt no innu wvould (:are to mairry it fenutic butcher. Tli a Il; 110 inn woual d~ - ca nrc Lo ma rry at fei i p01 iccol 'ILa Womn1 l 81ii Iagme is it inn ttc for I: ein I Ls d derirn That Mrs. c. I-Iarit Staton ]3latcl onc inarchicd in it plroccs-' ISionl inl which she carried it banner iniscribed, OilOne million So- cialigt. vote and work for Suffrngc.". That Inez Milholland' mnarried it Belgian and once rcfcrcd to; a cabinct-officcr hs a'jokce. That wvorcn 'fail' 10 Ualm pitr 'in: the " duty of' organized""" mnurdcr ", and might'Llhcreforc-Vote against, war. Te Feminist -xpers: From A dams to de Beauoir-

Edited and with Intoductory Essays by Alice S. RossI

/ C 1 Columbia New York and London CONTENTS VH Vi CONTENTS

Pioneer on the Urban Frontier: Jane Addams P-omi Aboliion :o Sex Equaliy: Sara.. Grinikc (1860-1935) Sep (17'2-1873) and Angelina Grimke (T1O5 S70) Utiiztion of -11onwz in City ingelina Gri.ke A.veal to thCitin: I0n/cs Jane Addams: Governindit 604 of the!. South Sarah Grimke: Letters o.. th Equalitiy of the Part 4-Sex Is a Many-Sided Thing 613 Scxes and the Condition of Women 306 Introduction: Feminism and Intellectual Complexity 614 Angelina Grimke: Lece to Catherine BLecchcr 319 Guineas and Locks: Virginia Woolf 622 The Blackwell Clan (1SS2-1941) Virginia Woolf: A Room of One's Own 627 Elizabeth and Emily Blackwell: icdicinc as . Cultural Stretch: Margaret Mead (b. 1901) 6033 Profession for 11'omzen Margaret Mead: Sex and Tenp-,eramenLt 655 Antoinette Brown Blackwell: Sex and ioh:.on A Not-So Rebellious "Other": Simone de Beauvoir A Feminist Friendship: Elizabeth Cady Stanton (b. 190S) 672 (1S15-1902) and Susan.B. Anthony (1S20-1906) 37S Simone de Beauvoir: The Second Sex 674 Elizabeth Cadxv Stanton: Motherhood 396 Elizabeth Cadv Stanton: Introduction to The References 707 l'onan's Bible 401 Along the Suffrage Trail 407 Selections from the History' of Wonmn Su rage Seneca Falls Convention -1 Reminiscences of Emily Collins -_126 The Akron Convention The Newoort Convention -'0 The Kansas Campaign of 1867 430 Political Equality for Women-

Part 3-Bread Comes First -71 Introduction: Feminism and Class Politics Marriage and Property: FriedrichEngels (1820-1S95) 4/5 Friedrich Engels: The Origin of the Family 96 Working-Class Socialist: August Bebel (1S40-1913) August Bebel: Woman and Socialism -97 -22306 Red Emmlia on Women: Emma Goldman (1S69-1940) Emma Goldman: The Tragedy of Woman's Emancivation ITe Riht to One's Body: Margaret Sarger (1579-1966) 517 Mar aret Sanger: A1 Fi/ht For Sirth Control Sanger: Birth Control-A Parent's Prdon: or Wocma. Beware the State: Suzanne LaFollette (b. 15%3) Suzanne LaFollette: Con cernin': Vomen The .i.itantMadonna": Charlotte Perkins Gilman

Charlotte Perkins Gilan: W'oenci: and Ecoonincs 572 - ~ *-*~.~.rc-~'.i.*'.: ~ - - - ~,___

45s HISTORY OF WOMAN SUFPRAGE T== KANSAS CAMPAIGN Or 1867 459 But when at last woman stands on an even viatform with man, his acknowledged equal everywhere, with he same or man's dominion over her, it should have prompted him freedom to express herself in the religion and government to place in her hands the same weapons of defense he has found to of the country, then, and not till then, can she safely take be most effective against wrong and oppression. SIt is ofen asserted counsel with him in regard to her most sacred -rights, that as woman has always been man's slave-subject-inferior---dependent, privileges, and immunities; for not till then will he be able under all forms of ernment gov- to legislate as wisely and gener6usly for her as for himself. and religion, slavery must be her normal condition. This might have some weight had not the vast majority of -men also been enslaved for centuries to kings and popes, Poiitical Equality for Women and orders of nobility, who, in the progress of civilization, nave reached complete equality. And did we not also see the The prolonged slavery of woman is the darkest page in great changes in woman's condition, the marvelous transformation in human history. A survey of the condition of the race through her character, from a toy in the Turkish harem, or a drudge those barbarous periods, when physical force governed the in the German fields, to a leader of thought in the literary world, when the motto, "might makes right," was the law, circles of France, England, and America! enables one to account for the origin of woman's subjection In an age when the wrongs of society are adjusted in the to man without referring the fact to the general inferiority * courts and at the ballot-box, material force yields to reason of the sex, or Nature's law. and majorities. Writers on this question differ as to the cause of the Woman's steady march onward, and her growing desire for a broader universal degradation of woman in all periods and nations. outlook, prove that she has not reached her normal condition, One of the greatest minds of the century has thrown a and that society has not yet conceded all thar is necessary ray of light on this gloomy picture by tracing the origin of for its attainment. woman's slavery to the same principle of selfishness and Moreover, woman's discontent increases in exact Provor- tion to her development. iove of power in. man that has thus far dominated all weaker Instead of a feeling of gratitude for -rations and classes. This brings hope of final emancipation, tights accorded, the wisest are indignant at the assumption of any legal for as all nations and classes are gradually, one after another, disaoilitv based on sex, and their fedlings in this matter are a surer test asserting and maintaining their independence, the path is of what her nature demands, than the feelings and prejudices clear for woman to follow. The slavish instinct of an op- of the sex claiming to be superior. pressed class has led her to toil patiently through the ages, American men may quiet their consciences with the delusion that no such giving all and asking little, cheerfully sharing with man all injustice exists in this country as in Eastern nations, though with perils and privations by land and sea, that husband and. the general improvement in our institutions, woman's sons might attain honor and success. -justice and freedom condition must inevitably have improved also, for herself is her latest and highest demand. vet the same principle that degrades her in Turkev, insults her in this reDublic. Custom Another writer asserts that the tyranny of man over forb'ids a woman there to enter a mosque, or call the woman has its roots, after all, in his nobler feelings; his love, hour for pravers; here it forbids her a voice in Church Councils his chivalry, and his desire to protect woman in the barbar- or State Legislatures. The same taint of hne- priiie ou:s periods of pillage, lust, and war. But wherever the roots stae o slave-v affects both larudes. The condito-n o' may be traced, the results at this hour are eaually disastrous married wom en.. under the aw or al counres, "as Ln to woman, Her Dest interests and hapiness do not seem to esen ha- - s-ves, -n.oinin, nave been consulted in the arrangements made tor ner some sast , quarer o-' centur y n the United S - - Pro-ection. She has been bought and sold, caressed and cruci- e c ge -om the o1 ComOn Law or fied at the will and pleasure of her master. But if a chiva- England, nreg------irig s o woe rom5 to the acace rods desire to protect woman has alvays been the mainspring le :ion o 1oste Nor-e Saei 15so. ma kan e7 o In - st- of 'om-n s e mth sht- -ace hent h er Wc r cetaf Ofudhv clearly i fohi the Declara ion of indeendence i in the United Ste Constitution .adoote" in 175-, prolonged debates on the origin o uman rights ose ani-slavery conflicti - asetspea ore ne, and tha 1S40, mr incei ore ctc6 andcussions 15th ofAm the endme-.-z party in power to the National Cc nstitution; a a the majority of our leading statesmen have taken the ground that suffrage is a natural Overburode right that ma b egulated, b ca e a ck inthe not be abolished by St aae o o co- law. Under the influence of these liberal principles of re- publicanism that pervades hon theme dia all classes of American minds tedo however vaguely, if suddenly onexno the caue ,wcin called out, they might be ufae to cpe teir nes stated, woman readily woanidtht perceives the anomalous vosition she occupies in a republic, where the government and alike are religion peroposiinreto hae ceti based on individual wroncorangephy O cmaIrend ot where the conscience thndrase Oo--it ae ther natural rights of all citizens have beenand exhaustivelyjudgment- discussed, and repeatedly ovec rdn declared ecual. worltorld it carres n thioed . From the ofinionwofcu. eq aitay he ,ito m nu retre honetentze oiosen eve inauguration of the government, representative the wise mnof all tiospecand women have greaces, dthatob expostulated against the inconsistencies between 'ethoughthoughts and gnw shel our principles and practices as a nation. Beginning with spe- io c. grievances, abVeeone ather, msoe o ndvr Gl woman's protests soon took own5rith. e onho mentol vktoeliahth norlsh lvef set C heeea d o a a, h e o n a larger scope. thouhtad so gh n wa sp l ersiten o Having petitioned acionanhfeeecayc onthe-%fepr rolitgrt State legislatures to change the statutes whbemn that robbed her of children, methave eean wromn wages, and property, she de- of mentalbuero manded 01rganizagt tof an ln hi that the Constitutions-State and National-be so goodlascial tndinganeduaioreak amended as to give Zo mnowu, s the her a voice in the laws, a choice in the able alie ford qualilst estioialt m n regitimtoe rulers, aaisnd- thee i domh esi virtue s ko l ed he o fe wublichero and protection in the exercise of her rights as a citizen rae tie'eutive abiltuity;on oo spea ersan wruiter of inspiringghs and condutngtegeun theWhile United the States. evev lerlrfrs ftel dao' laws affecting woman's civil rights have been ther exrn 'thcmsrees to pomotrethei greatly bestinterswt improved during the past thirty years, the political sened nd dernoune i demand has made but a questionable public and privt by al classestof progress, though it must be counted as the chief influence in modifying the reomins laws. The selfishness of man was readily Piloequoliy withemanism te leitimaboe enlisted in securing gopitho of the findamenofall ot-e woman's civil rights, while the same element rincies ofd oracs *-overnmoen in his character antagonized her demand for political equality. Fathers who had estates to bequeath to their daughters ertv-could rightssee the that advantage of securing to woman certain prop- might limit the legal power of husbands. ovro profligate' advantageHusbands of in extensive business operations could see the allowing the wife the right to hold separate property, sctiled on her in time of prosperity, that might not be seized for his debts. Hence in the several Stales able men championed these early measures But political rights, involv- H -7_ 70 R Y 0 C - 6 : 7E CANSAS CAMPAIGN O= 15-47

Loe se-zertio- could be sure, as she is not, of the ever-present, all-reCtine suservieS-neto- M oitica power of one strong arm, that would besentiade-dc Or 0 o zZ they could no ln cer !e her in social pared with the subtle, all-pervading inuence of just c re on, and e mlajoriy o' e mle=x, laws =sISJohn for all women. Hence woman's need of the bal , 11,cn rot ye olee -th -de of livng with an she may hold in her own right hand the weaon u e of self- fear or a social revolution thus conlicated the protection and self-defense. Cscc- -:on. The Church, too, took larm,. knowing ,tha with Again it is said: "The women who make the demand are .ne reedom and education accuired in becomig a component - few in number, and their feelings and opinions are a'bnorm,- art o' the Government, woman would not only outgrow and therefore of no weight in considering the ameregate - -e power of the priesthood, and religious superstitions, but judgment on the question." The number is lar~e than So'utc also invade the pulpit, interpret the Bible anew from appears on the surface, for the fear of public ridicule, =a the er owln stand-point, and claim an equal voice in all eccle- loss of private favors from those who shelter, fee, lasticl councils. With d fierce warnings and denunciations clothe them, withhold many from declaring trom me pulpit, and false interpretations their orinions of Scripture, women and demanding their rights. The ignorance and indierence nave been intimidated and misled, and their religious feelings of the majority of women, as to their status as citizens of have been played upon for their more complete subjugation. a republic, is not remrkable, for history snows Se:e general principles of te Bible are in favor of the masses of all oppressed classes, in the most degraed con- ost elyarged freedom and equaty oF te race, isolated ditions, have been stolid and apathetic until artia ScceSS Ex -ave been used to block the wh-eels of progress in all had crowned the faith and enthusiasm of the few. -eiods; thus bigots have defended capital punishment, The insurrections on Southern plantations were alwayc intemperance, slavery, polygamy, and the subjection of defeated by the doubt and duplicity of the slaves themselves -oman. The creeds of all nations make obedience to man the That little band of heroes who vrecipitated the American corner-stone of her religious character. Fortunately, however, Revolution in 1776 were so ostracised that they walked the more liberal minds are now giving us higher and purer ex- streets with bowed heads, from a sense of lneliness and positions of the Scriptures. apprehension. Woman's apathy to the wrongs of As the social her sex, and religious objections appeared against instead of being a plea for her remaining in her present te aemand for political rights, the discussion became condition, is the strongest argument against it. How com- V many-sided, contradictory, and as varied as the idiosyncrasies plefely demoralized by her subjection must she be, who does of individual character. Some said, "Man is woman's natural not feel her personal dignity assailed when all women are protector, and she can % safely trust him to make laws for ranked in every State Constitution with idiots, lunatics, -her."She might with fairness reply, as he uniformly robbed criminals, and minors; whei in the name of Justice, man he: of all property rights to 1S4S, he can not safely be holds one scale for woman, another for himself; when by trusted with her personal rights in ISSO, though the fact that the spirit and letter of the laws she is made resnonsible he did make some restitution at last might modify her for crimes committed against her, while the male criminal ci:strust in the future. However, the calendars of our courts goes free; when from altars where she worships no woman still show that fathers deal unjustly with daughters, husbands may preach; when in the courts, where with wives, girls of tender age brothers with sisters, and sons with their own may be arraigned for the crime of infanticide, she mav not mothers. Though woman needs the protection of one man plead for the most miserable of her sex; when colicees she against his whole sex, in pioneer life, in threading her way is taxed to build and endow, deny her the right to s=are in through a lonely forest, on the highway, or in the streets their advantages; when she finds that which should be her of the metropolis on a dark night, she sometimes needs, glory-her possible motherhood-treated everywhere by man me protection too, of all men against this one. But even if she 2S 2 disabdiiy and a crime! A woman insensible to such indignitics needs some transformation into nobler thought, HISTORY OF WNOMAN SURER.AGE THE KANSAS CAMIPAIGN OF IS67 65 some purer atmosphere to breathe, some highlr stand-coon from which to study human freedom of woman. rights. The formation of her character it influence and its is said, "the difference between the sexes on the human race, is different spheres.". indicates a larger question than mans It would be nearer the truth to say' difference the peronaliin. Tereisno fear, indicates different duties in perior order of women however, that when a su- ing that the same sphere, see- shall grace the earth, there will not man and woman were evidently an order of men to be made for each match them, and influence over other, and have minds will such shown equal capacity in the ordinary range atone for the loss of it elsewhere. of human duties. In governing nations, An honest fear is leading armies, riot.- sometimes expressed "that woman ing ships across the sea, rowing would degrade politics, life-boats in terrific gales; and politics would degrade woman. in art, science, invention, As the influence CZ; literature, woman has proved her- of woman has been uniformly self the elevating in complement of man in the world of thought action. This difference and new civilizations, in missionary work in heathen nati ons does not compel us to spread our schools, colleges, tables literature, and in general with different food for -man and woman, society, it is fair nor to nro- tohsuppose that politics would prove no exception. On the vide in our common schools a different other hand, as the art of government course of study for is the most exalted of boys and girls. Sex pervades all nature, all sciences, and statesmanship yet the male and requires the highest order of remale tree and vine and shrub mind, the ennobling rejoice in the same sunshine and refining influence of such pursuits and shade. The earth and air must elevate rather are free to all the fruits and than degrade woman. When politics flowers, yet each absorbs what best degenerate into ensures its growth. But bitter persecutions and vulgar court-gossip, whatever it is, it requires no special watchfulness on our part they are degrading to man, and his honor, virtue, dinity and to see that it is maintained. This plea, refnement are as valuable when closely analyzed, to woman as her virtues are TO is generally found to mean woman's inferiority. nim. The superiority of man, Again, however, does not enter into the it is said, "Those who make laws must demand for suffrage, them; government execute for in this country all men vote; and as needs force behind it,-a woman the lower orders not be sheriff could or men are not superior, either by nature or a policeman." She might not grace, or. fill these offices to the higher orders of women, they in the way men do, but she might exercise the must hold and far more effectively guard right of self-government on rhe morals of society, some other ground and the sanitary conditions of our than superiority to women. cities. It might with equal force be said that a woman or Again it is said, "Woman culture and artistic taste when independent and self- can not keep house, becaue she can asserting will lose her influence not wash and iron with over man." In the happiest her own hands, and clean the range conditions in life, men and women and furnace. At the head will ever be mutually de- of the police, a woman could direct pendent on each other. The her forces and keep order complete develovment of all without ever using a baton or woman's powers will not make her less pistol in her own hands. capable of steadfast "The elements of sovereigntv," sas love and friendship, but Blackstone, "are three: give her new strength to meet the wisdom, goodness, and power." Con- emergencies of life, to aid those ceding to woman who look to her for counsel wisdom and goodness, as they are not and support. Men are uniformly strictly masculine virtues, more attentive to women of stituting m rank, family, and fortune, physical force, -:. 1-eand sub ioral powver f0r who least need their care, than to we have the necessary elements of govern- any other class. We do not men -for most of life's see their protecting love generally emergencies. Voinen manage fmilio extending to the mixed schools, helpless and unfortunate ones of earth. charitable ins ti-.ions, large boarding-houst Wherever the skilled and hotels, farms hands and cultured brain of woman and s eam-en"ines, drunken and dierd have made the battle of life easier for man, he has readily men and women, and to- s---et fight-, 2s el as men c uaraoned her sound I ne aueens m itory judgment and proper self-assertion. But comp-ae fvor-biv with te k7 me prejudices and preferences of man should be a secondarv consideration, . In n'r e settlem en t of -ional i ulties," i ss lid, in presence or the individual happiness an I "the last reso rt i a r d '- .e sum m o ' o -urw ives and o -. e s to te battle-fe '- en n e arm ies ! a;; 400 -=00iiSTOC OF WOV0MA-NSUFFRAGE THE KANSAS C-ANIPAIG-N OT IS67 '67 ges, have heid ostions in the army and navy for years in aisguise. Some fought, bled, and died on the wholly in battle-field in the.hands of man, he can commence the experiment our late war. They performed with severe labors in the hosoitals as small a number as he sees fit, by and sanitary requiring aeny lawI department. Wisdom would dictate a division of qualification. Men were admitted on property and educational labor in war as well as qualifications in peace, assigning each their appro- in most of the States, at one piae cepartment. time, and still are n some-so hard has it been for man Numerous to understand the classes of men who enjoy their political rights theory of self-government. Three-fourths are exempt from military of the women duty. All men over forty-five, all wno would be thus disqualified, and the remaining fourth would sufer mental or physical disability, such as the oe too small a minority loss of to precipitate a social revolution or an eve or a forefinger; clergymen, defeat masculine measures physicians, Quakers, in the halls of legislation, even if school-teachers, professors, and women presidents of colleges, judges, were a unit on all questions and invariably legislators, congressmen, State prison officials, and all county, together, which they would not. In this view, State and National officers; fathers, the pa e brothers, or sons having duty is plain for the prompt action of those certain relatives dependent gentlemen who on them for support,-all of these rear summed up in universal suffrage for women, but are willing o -ant every State in the Union make millions of it on property and educational qualifications. vote-s thus exempted. 'Whilethose who are governed by the law of expediency In view of this should give the fact there is no force in the plea, that "if measure of justice they deem women safe, let those who rstt vote they must fight." Moreover, war is not mal state of the the nor- absolute right proclaim the higher principle in government, human family in its higher development, but equal rights to all." merely a feature of barbarism lasting on through the transi- Many seeming obstacles in the way of woman's enfran- non o' the race, from the chisement'will savage to the scholar. When Eng- be surmounted by reforms in many directions. land and America settled the Alabama Claims by the Geneva Co-operative labor and co-operative homes will remove A-rbitration, they difficulties many pointed the way for the future adjustment in the way of woman's success or all national difficulties. as artisan and housekeeper, when admitted to the governing Some fear, power. ne "If women assume all the duties political varied forms of progress, like parallel ecualitv lines, move forward implies, that the time and attention necessary simultaneously in the to the -. same direction. Each reform, at its in- dautes of home life will be absorbed in the affairs of State."* eption, seems out of joint with all its surroundin The act of voting occupies aiscussion but the but little time in itself, and the changes the conditions, and brings vast them in line majority of women will attend to their family and social with the new idea. -2-rs to the neglect of the State, just as men do The isolated household to their is resp fo a large share of inCm1dual interests. The virtue of patriotism is subordinate wvoman's ignorance and degradation. A mind always in con- in most souls to individual and family aggrandizement. tact with children and As servants, whose asnirations and am- to omlces, it is not to be supposed bitions that the class of men now rise no higher than the roof that shelters elected will resign-to it, iz neces- women their chances, and if they should sarilv dwarfed in its proportions. The.advantages 0 C to any extent, the necessary number of women whose fortunes to fill the enable them to make the isolated h osehoI offices would make no apparent change in our social circles. a moire successful experiment. can nat outweih I, for example, the di- the Senate of the United States should be culties of the many who are wholiv sacrificed ewtirane to its ma;- composed of women, out two in each State would be tenznnce. w om the pursuir of domestic happiness. Quite 's For many many faise deaz prevail o weo n's reasons. uncer all circumstances, a comparatively smalle- osonnh Ms hom: e To Ile-he1 -e - e.ee. oor- -rtion of wonmen than men would actively engage in isth -atfact in 2cr li-; i.eoo and merno re ur e~ai sAs relations. Covene :gse -he Dower to extend or limit the c:o o, Co- - we' suffrage rests now e one cone -or for s a. .-'-Ic -a-e-r n a-=tc - -O -e o. :- '-~

THE KANSAS CAMPAIGN or 1S67 469 011 HISTORY or WOMAN SUFFRAGE painful contrast in many a household to the liberal, genial, power, who sificance in their demands for civil and political rights. brilliant, cultured husband in the zenith of his and Custom and philosophy, in regard to woman's happiness, are has never given one thought to the higher life, liberty, self-ab- alike based on the idea that her strongest social sentiment is happiness of the woman by his side; believing her negation to be Nature's law. love of children; that in this relation her soul finds complete rouse satisfaction. But the love of offspring, common to all orders It is often asked, "if political equality would not that or women and all forms of animal life, tender and beautiful antagonism between the sexes?" If it could be proved The and coun- as it is, can not as a sentiment rank with conjugal love. men and women had been harmonious in all ages in their slav- one calls out only the negative virtues that belong to apa- tries, and that women were happy and satisfied whatever. thetic classes, such as patience, endurance, self-sacrifice, ex- ery, one might hesitate in proposing any change hausting the brain-forces, ever giving, asking nothing in But the apathy, the helpless, hopeless resignation of a sub- return; the other, the outgrowth of the two supreme powers jected class can not be called happiness. The more complete the despotism, the more smoothly all things move on the in nature, the positive and negative magnetism, the centrif- the ugal and centripetal forces, the masculine and feminine ele- surface. "Order reigns in Warsaw." In right conditions, in false mnents, possessing the divine power of creation, in the interests of man and woman afe essentially.one; but of universe of thought and action. Two pure souls fused into conditions, they must ever be opposed. The principle and its as- one by an impassioned love-friends, counselors-a mutual equality of rights underlies all human sentiments, sertion by any individual or class must rouse antagonism, succort and insviration to each other amid life's struggles, ages, and m-st know the highest human happiness;-this is marriage; unless conceded. This has been the battle of the the earth. and this is the only corner-stone of an enduring home. will be until all forms of slavery are banished from woman Neither does ordinary motherhood, assumed without any Philosophers, historians, poets, novelists, alike paint And now all 'high purpose or preparation, compare in sentiment with the the victim ever of man's power and selfishness. insurmount- lofty ambition and conscientious devotion of the artist whose writers on Eastern civilization tell us, the one a'le obstacle to the improvement of society in those countries, children of the brain in poetry, painting, music, and the women. Stronger sciece are ever beckoning her upward into an ideal world of is the ignorance and superstition of which beaU:-. They vho give the world a true philosophy, a grand than the trammels of custom and law, is her religion, As the most voem, a beautiful vainting or statue, or can tell the story of teaches that her condition is Heaven-ordained. to the-dogmas every wandering star; a George Eliot, a Rosa Bonheur, an ignorant-minds cling with the greatest tenacity blood that involves an attack Elizabeth Barrett Browning, a Maria Mitchell-whose and traditions of their faith, a reform or that stronghold can only be.carried by the education has flowed to the higher arches of the brain,-have lived to a on another generation. Hence the self-assertion, the antagonism, holier purvose than they whose children are of the flesh an alone, into whose minds they have breathed no clear per- -he rebellion of woman, so much deplored in England civilization. A ceotions or great principles, no moral aspiration, no spiritual the United States, is the hope of our higher ideas of liberty in gov- woman growing up under American at 1ish -er rights are as completely ignored in what is adjudged ernment and religion, having never blushed behind c-n no- arook to be woman's sphere as out of it; the woman is uniformly mask, nor pressed her feet in Chinese shoes, :ee o0 sacrificed to the wife and mother. Neither law, gospel, public any tisabilitiec based on sex alone, without a dee chan-e needed sentirent, nor domestic affection shield her from excessive anagonism wi:mth he power tin creates it. The cdn a enforced maternity, depleting alike to mother and child ;- to restore goon reeling can -o be reached bv re o all onortunity for mental improvement, health, happiness- woman to nning-whe Cd the conee every r e i being ruthlessly sacrificed. The weazen, weary, granCmother, 0ut by conceding to ner re1. w e, narrow-minded wife-mother of half a dozen chil- snirit of the ae m d Moe inMovetion- diren-hr interests all centering at her fireside, o.ms a 470 !STORY OF WOMAN SUPERA.2Gj:

the spinning-wheel, and the same law of progress makes the woman of to-day a different woman from her grand- motmer. With these brief replies to the oft-repeated objections DA 3 made by the opposition, we hope to rouse new thoughts in minds prepared to receive them. That equal rights for woman have not long ago been secured, is.due to causes beyond the control of the actors in this reform. "The success of a move- Bread Comes First ment," says Lecky, "depends much less upon the force or its n arguments, or upon the ability of its advocates, than the pre- disposition of society to receive it."

Rin.

.4 _7 All WILLIAM L. O'NEILL

Cf UU~GU~ 7- G6I

"Eervbody was brave from the moment the rise and fall of feminism in Amerzca she came into the room." -Newton D. Baker of Florence Kelley

Chicago OUADRANGLE BOOKS I 1969 Even it the bailot did matter. rhe saeeint c on:. nicivCl ad n 0___ CerC,ofnmru a trDC 211G ae C ccc the median age of working women was under twent-one therefore most vould not be able to vote. Te riends u workings women would do better by assistingttade uions and oneooe Overseers ote Foor elected in cultivating public opinion. Iisa:uetL th nzother- bi, a form-IerTpreide of the lrom men a By conceding that women were so different : CAo who served on the Massachlusetts Prison laid to require special protective laws, social feminists also Commiic -n:z another who belonged to the Massachusetts themselves open to the charge that they Were tryin to rae I eague Consumer' their cake and eat it, too. They wanted equality n politics Since acranized antis were so much like suffragists. it was and preferential treatment in industry. In the 1920's hard-core natural for tot-"em to argue that the vote would not help advance feminists used this contradiction to argue for industrial equ2l- those interL tlher. held in common. Although less pacific than itv. Before the suffrage era' it was more usual to take the op- most sura E sts. 2ntis pointed out that there was no historical posite line. In a reasonable essay, Mrs. Arthur M. Dodge evidence to show t women would cast their votes against war. Op- founder and first president of the National Association On the c.rarx. Ile great women rulers had fought wars just that ; posed to Woman Suffrage; pointed out like men. and mot strikingl of all, both Northern and South- 5 nervous vitality the ern women hd ardentl supported the Civil War. The suffra- because of her lowered physical and has had to be protected in her industrial. gist argumen that -votes for women would mean higher wages woman .worker life in order that the state might conserve her value as the was as easily disposed of. are. woman citizen. 'Women cannot be treated exactly as men does determine woman s and motherhood, potential or actual, If the ballot had raised men's wages there might be some efficiencv in industrial and social undertakings?' justification for the belief that it would do the same for anti-sutragists had woriong women. but we all know that if a man could control By the end of the nineteenth-century M'Intire his wages by means of a vote on election day, or determine created a substantial body of argument. Mar- A. J. constitute a Boston Sunday in the same manner how many hours should summed it up neatly in a lucid article for the felt the necessity of workng day, he would never have which was distributed as a pamphlet by the Massach!u- strikes. Herald. organizing or Joining trade unions or participating in setts :ornsw.s The case for woman suFrage, she sai fell into It e unions organized in nearly every trade which has 6 one based on justice and the other on expedincy. raised men's wages, not the ballot. two parts. Miss MPIntire had trouble showing that it was just *o deny of their sex. but she effectivel': and Leaders Who Ye2rly Defeat Suffrage Bill.- women the vote on account 4. 'Oranization a chedi the operational claims made for womn sufrage Boston Sundia Herald, April 2S, 1912. the Woman," North American Re- the bad 5. George H2rvey, "W-ar and Womncii votcrs would not rcform politics because vice. CCI (.1arch 1915), 344-347; Annie Nathan Meycr, "1Woman's American Revie-w. CLXXVIll Assumption of Sex Superiority.- North Vo:n-in s M11.Dodge, "Woanin Su1rMge Opposed to (Jamnu:ry IcG'), 103-109. 7. .1rs. Arthur 1. in *Annual Mccring of the Association. Rigins.- -:;.7!s LXi (November 191-'). 6. Alice 1-lill Chittenden Benefir to . :3re A. J .1 M1 ire, "Of 11lh:u Rec,, !:r.:;:ce (July 1909), p. 2. F:1- C;re/:r Power 1Vithouir SuMr:ge' (Hoston. nd.)_

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A,,-,:k c\JA (-9 561 -REiCOi1D -S1NATE. 1910.CONG tRESSIONAL * f rt n to repro- y b ca e I h v he oo thant; ysl' h t n g wvish my vote to be con- I have ntoInformation about State and I do tnt by State Ali. FALL. Very likely. sent a suffrage of suffrage heu eredl .;tto DepartmenC~t here. strucd its a condemnation but It enine front thle Paris; I am satisfied has it was cabled ronv this proposed nmendinett Mi. SWANSON. facet that I amn opposed to oty opposition to Paris, and it hand The In somne quarters as denlotlag wvomnli sffratge. it hall to hle cabled from, two nionthSo bcea congtruedl such. I am not opposed to * M. F,~. Well, a montli or st-c wveeks or t o Womann suffrage as for been c*drawn i, ror of It in n humhie way coure. I 1aRve been an advocate for over 20 Tite summtary, not Indee~d, prevailed InI liy State Thle difference Is this: twentydd years. it has I nm still a believer Mr. SWANSON. thle State Department. these years of observation and wals Cabled front Png to Secretary years, andl after course, that it does not the tr-eaty, to that effect by the suffrage. I r~enlize, of Air. FALL. Then, n answer In guch. is climited by its most enthuiafsticthe settle tile proposition. nlot a1ccomlplish all thalt and purifrying politics, hut of Sitt would at onlce I sre to ask thleby advocateswill inl the way of elevating there Is anotherthe Senateo qusto l Iwa(eof any treaty in canusetotneof better govertuetadbtc Mir. SeatrPresident,ran irin1.I eceW sufrg all to tile good. %%ile vlhefetopoitcs Ino~ltlytaepec judgment, Is Irtiehtlaoiicine thle Unitedl states iae wh1ih caduvocatei with Englatidge been an adoleo by thefrg, actilil Of th Gorilniy eceCpt in Ihv But while I havethe matteralways should. be settied I shall cast mny t'k til tr.t alwaiys believedlStates. It Is for that reasonl that nnd .Tihcnuntopatn?~anFaneh eao ent Ic Ir WNO.De Ali ,respective rjIllat is a iriliiciltllr voto naiitst this joint resolutionl. (:oncCIill (, of. at thle sattle tilye? bound by such an agree- thle number, so fill as I amt Theo other Allies werc does tint change wvith propositiont. It Is filndflhttillit Mr. F~ALL, uldlo ainy such coitiilttal? In favor of or algainst a thle-e lIes the United States lias stated to someo votes and I eta not InI a position, mntt. . I think the President to my way of viewing things, Alr. SWANS4ON Iteilois Coinuitte-PossibY to myself aiid miy owvncovittlowieof iletuers of the Forc~gil tna land fore, doing justice which I hanve w~ere oile Of thle a rsn at ilec iw.if I felt thle objectionsproposill, I should uni1lesi- thle Selnator frotttMsali~t conhtilo thtmhtm nino i potace at subid1(iary tvar-thalt lie halld made nte11 oiluit called. upont, inI Other * 4 oted(uring tile for suffrage. If I were such a treaty tatingly vote alI tlgitI sujipvOct, stiffralge kindlwhatever.mioIprtne States could not hanve wje gpolicigh0110 ngaiist tue sothfer, MAr.l'ALL. Tite United iiy this b~ody - vor(Is,to e 1.nbeejoe, to Ogh to tis b~ody and ratilled as tile majtor prpstinhutefr Thrus hrfrn da- u ntless It was sutitlitted President hasg made no committaland that of thle aiction of tile respective wvhatStlltc9. I conceive to ble a very fnua V akindwr1~I. SVANON.Itvrdrigtl.aa say the ISWAdSrNtaind, ~ ~NineeduigteAaaI li ford IhoIng violence to any ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~dr ~ tire twvo rensolls our Government. There ol mental principle fin he achieved In thist wny h .ocgl tlto~ tiat suffrage ought not to self- the metin ofiteso sttero mtore apparent whiy I think with reference to local ont selliq to me, It is; all the first Is that of thle prnctiple of policy. Mir. FiALLj. Then01, It Is proper. Tite ruie, and the 5see II(I Is onle of. thle Soator front Calliforitlat front VIr- govertnmient Or loic was being ,irgalli7.ed * that the request lemIpore. Will the Sentator Presidenlt, whenl this Goyerielttt they con.- * Thle PRESIDENT pro Mr. f roml 1770 on to 1789, whent t a ugeto of the Chair? and men came forward Convention, to lake ginaril their work. In the Constitutiontal tiling which SAermi SuN.gesir. Nvith the rut- summnated of at new government,' thle pro tempore. In accordance charge9 Of the affairs thle ability, thte states- The PRESIDEjNT lby permanent occupants world was tile capacity, of has beenl made oftentimes compelled astonished the thle in who moved out log wich presenlt occupant will feel and tile leadership of had uin- of the chair lieretoforq, tlle or any other Senator manshlip, of the world. Other peoples If the Senator front Virginia obscurity lnto the affairs to accoitlislih revolution, to hold that, lie will thlereby lose tile floor, nnd ilave stice und~ertaken, bur- for more thlan a qutestlin, willl thle Sena- dertakeil, to assume~l for tile People tite yields Callifornia. Mr. Presidenit, set lip free institutions, and Tile enterprise Mr. JOHNSON of to a question? to of free government. yield for Just all Instant dlens and responisiblities of the fact int the mn tor from Virginia to tlte Senator for a question. timte after timie by reason move- Air. SWVANSON. * I yield the Senator hafs f.ailed tile lendersip It, s"hl a I want to say to Nvere called upon to take judCgmienlt, or Mfr. JOHNSON ofCaitfonta. that I will ask in Whlo eithler In poise, experiene, preliminary to the question, aside mont were not fitted fromt Virginia, pending business be laid to carry forward the work. years~ particular InstaceC that tile be taken uip and dils- wisdom place InI Drattcc only a few *this suffrage arneinierit may revolutionl which took of tile In order that the the pending resolui- Thle the United States failed bedcllso just ats nxious to debate after the Ilevoititlon In whichl has taken place posedl of. I nt but I have refrainled from the leade0rs. Tile revoltion Is tite Senator fromt Virginia, therefore- Incapaclty of itas broken (]own beecause *tion as to It. May I beg of him within thle last fewv monthls Rtevoluilon saying anything In respect our debate to take In Russia leaders. But tile Americant question-that we permlit of tlte Incapacity of tile h~ave demotnsttrated, and tis Is miy business, and that we now as tile subhsequlent 150 years of. tile whenl we reach the unfinished Was a1 Success, capacity ald tile leadershtip place amiendment? of the remarkable take hold of go on aind palss the suffralge from Californiat because tlle different Colonies to I will say to the Sentator men who came out of thleir trining? lFrolfl Mir. SWVANSON. not precipitate tite debate, Wh~ere did they got It wans my purpose. I did fromt Idahlo that great affair. In wvhat school wans that that address of the6 Senator university Itad they gradutated? but I rose to reply to tile discussion of the what to ssffici thtese respoibiite? followed by a very earnest I that they, had been tranedi In tite town eetings [Mr. BORfAEl3, Massachusetts [Mr. Lononi. of the different Colonies, the legisla- by tile Senator from two distin- The university burgesses of VirgInia, In local * matter to stateimrnts* made by thlese of New England, in thle Under the principle of simply rose to reply discussion to proceed on of thle various Colonies. I am wiiling oinfor tile men hand bteen trined so gulsited Senators.the resluton.tures uffnge and homne rule tilesetask came to talke on tile work self-governmentthley were prepared whten the olit~ esouton~ OA* hesufraewOMANstIF~AOE..that tile great wortih of tihe pria- * ~ ~ ~ was before them. Rlealizing a1nd to wvrite resumed the con- which to organize tile Government ats In Committee of the Whlole, an cipic, wvhen they came self-govern- * Tile Senate, (1-. 3. Ries. 1) proposing they were very careful to preserve of'the joint resohlutionl of suffrage the Constitution and to provide a rntioltal sideratioll extending the righlt or hlome rule for locil. affairs aiffairs. *amendment to tile Constitution, mont constitutionl for national governlmen~t aid a national enlllecy orit to women. joinlt resolution Is before matter of administrativeIt local prejuice pro tempera. Tile amenld- It was not a mereof government, neither wvas ~Tile PRESIDENT! of the Whole, and is open to convenlience to 1)0 the Senate, as In ment.mereCommittee wh~ich caused thtis principle or alone the bias of traditionl of the Constitu- Mr. Presidenlt? preserved In the fInal frameworkreasont. Thtese' inic Mr. B3ORAH. Is there an aniondieatpefldiag, amendment so carefullywvas a deeper and profounder pro tempore. There Is no It wmildi he 1The PRESIDENTpendng.tion. that without It free Instituttionls offered by understood perfectly to again delude for a seasall hasg become of the amendntitnt a passIng schemeo with wichl I lly', aid If weo were PelI!.BORAH. Whatt Ibut advocates of liberty. They rcalizedl. we wvould from Alabama [Mr. UrNERlWOOD]?Tile Senator itas not offered tile moved by the cry of party expedlileiy theTile Senator PRESIDENT pro temipore. so deply which. -~ k,',,nn mendent.not is tite rockc foundation lpoaI realize that tis principle 1101150 is bitt rests. Withlout It our FOLLETTE. Vote!I our whole vast fabric of tite pecoplul in Mhri, LA no desire toj delay the sandS. Without it tile inlfluncelC right -Mr. Presidentt, I have that It wll be ulpon shIftIng tihwartdi. Withtout It tile i* Mr. BORAII. joint resolutiont. I realize Governmnt will be wvholly atl Iipotntt considleration of tile Is voted upon I desire our aiostoy In the hands of distanlt hour, but b~efore It of suffragfC Is an I fusioni, and the voted out at ilo do not do so becautse of any it corruptionl and extravagance somle br1ief ohser~tv tI~l I constitu e . WVithoutt ~'to 1llilko T 0hal derive front the staltemlent pni-HInt1(11 AnsliqrfuIet o whicht CoNGRtESSIONAL~ RECORD-tSENArlj- 562 1!g , 1 I(ip Or I t oflvry priflelIAjI Itf I tenit t1?Iy. 9 I, traceruS an eit l. Wil l (IwOtnnt. C011111,1UII111,,nenif~tu for nn nienire In, trevillg nd efd e whole pcknf centrail~att(lis ranipait .ni duti~IItItlinll t ]IlI of us. who bliee s~weep own:nd 4111,imlnroutt. ' hshs c, ov~t~l CX(M1l, seize the reins of government, AViltLeven. the causes o1 thle disolt~ltand. revolitiohi finally our, form of governmenCt ipon tiny IN call ile no splenidid and titurdIY ciCIt~ilo or for doing violenlce to It IVitihout It thiere fo t bn~lfent, hack toteblirt lawful, and resoibple~i government, occasion, In sobter miomentsi we go orderly; every hour. of Its existencethe tietilar Denjocrnecy earries -in Its system, isviltoorhl senendprloorvbIfun I tendency is always toward centrai. it F~or myself I utterly rveet gerso auocrlCY 'Ihe worictand plan of go.vernlelit. tile iron 10 vaihiltrcPIs.rol~titl antl, party - xpcdeltKy callt ever- justifCy t~~en.abraveTaer And only Thrds ftrtluoctrine that of free governllll within reasonable and proper bounds. of suc dtilspenfsable' principleg hold-it of Popular government, aOld that tiown, only one guaranty forthe success It was something of ell. Aindrsdrs lhieewre waned igtl gt the individuatl citizen, and seif~gov- Perhaps fihnI i aeel is thlewri. n -actof hecula be, trained to his task. tikn crmntis tile only school in which e lsint In touch with:iltis governmtllt-.whichrtydvio. In preserving hrntn riflo Li Anythln tha o No one enn he more Interested . anti deepeshsCnenI(ailly life,ulcafis Is vitatl Adthe wome of th aeesfeeds anornct(,,dorIsnterest Ijlt S lie lives is "but sPIr'ItwijllY, 'In 'I froml her hi tile watils is not tile coddlledi jlicli.91clyI fnndanlcllttil. TilTh watcillllnnnttPlll e01not-tilY 11pon1pubhlc aifa. rs, if at nil., but thle self- she11 must ex~ert hnr 11niliteflco iic sateiiito of a federal hnueronety, 111i tlslsheIIIrwl andl. ainemic wholesomeI individuial whose Inteillectuial and a sil l sn b wilt lllVO helIpIng,. self-relianlt, tc with his governmenclt Ilas n alny of theml will desile, and~~ ~~ie I al moao ~~ pa rt. ffairs19 pointshe wiey Mlou respollslllItYV fopontti tontae neare you sense of duty and Its appreciation of! and hoermnf oLieamuile.T e wrought Its of suiffro and tit thle fring thleiromeses otehm h oed To give- mnti, to give womnic, tile right of bigtl rcse fgvrnelwith tim daily life of thie %voninntf nil tile affairs and center all autihorityofprom. you call associtite aiffairs same ime administergovrnmntNiisingon t s, nded, o ke~lthewor It Is not andl calt nottie holdstlbaothemrsrvcbe5,1wilakteII to realize, if she does the ear and brecall It to Lthe hope. site sctires it. She( will c~omei tendenicy to rei ISO to victous,. thle most after Of Con ross which has at dlsadvifl1 It -Is i)uronuicracy, (lhe most evrnow., that ally acet in~uclice Is so greatly to her dileocracy. onifgovernment ever; government from local exesvand temsdedng of overconme thle. advantage of tile Nl evilseb the motwitnlgfom through all that It. wvill practically women of (tils country,, upon reflet thing, therefore; wivhch has strengthened-us hegreat body of tie Thle yar,lvc wichlitsis scces. whre t hes hvoalld, home rule.. thee ald will not approve of destroying uce. hrotieshvthrug- the -local on. theethlew~c yar,faet hathat gtenus the Governet which -I will refer. to only. has been totuch Butt there Is another question, of policy.. or processes of government huts beenbroughtlI1 sub- brieflry,.lnd that Is thle ganizatlons been trainedhlnthe State and thle Snaorf--i witte it~et~ Le hafs TPR I-IOMAS Mro opore , besth duties! of cItizensIp, as is great . divisions of the. state in the yc t e SeInt f1rotmCoora.doestentofof were lot the century paist. 13ut for the ilooteSntrfo ooao forefathers and fdrebears- dlay, anud year aftrr year,- we Yield. 25 years, step by step, (lay bly centterling Mr. BOiRAH. -I the next trust f rom the States alt power: atul Before tile Senator tatkes tip hlave been withdrairvng entirely Mr. THOMAS. thle amtendmlent prohitl at Washington. WVe are gradutally I ask himi whether lio voted for tI It In the Government or of local seif~governmnt, may. tin the United States after tite prinilple of home .rule Iii the the-use of. alcooiic liquors destroying Is the tmost pronounced step of next Janttiryl end this, to my judgment, that we have yet takenm It I dlestruction of thtat principle bo, a Mr.- DORtAL I (lid. hto utter Prestdelit, It cani by no meanls I am rathe~r curiousi to k-now am correct in this view, Mr. I. Mr. THOMAS.. Well, onl thtat oci I am correct. f -thie viewv wihch ]itis action matter -of mintor import. If prerequiisite Senantor cnn differentinte-betveenaetioni oni this.;. whlich Is Indispenisable and of govern- and Is contemtphated, for. thle constitt entertain, it is a principlematintenatnce of our Vederal system HOtL.!Mr., President. I voted to tile wholesomle I ight ri illnt.IMr.0 Providing for natiolnl prohlibitloml. as a inemb.er-of the Htepub- amendme.t a. simple stteenlt to Lite, effec has 'often been said to mne.thutt .1thle Senator's questlontby there -wo It that I shoutld ble Jealous of-the was in error. in. that Instance, lican Party It wvould seem peculiar or the Ivassmlfg I the, second, time. rights. The doctrine of -State -rights for -my being.. InI error printciple of State rule Is just as esseli- noe jutatlflatie -by voting fu of, local. self-government. or home violated, the! rule. of 'local self-governmllent ccl doctrine Party, and has been through Is positively no reason.why-i shtould tially a principle of tho -1epublilean tle. country. aend"ftt,:tlnt jst as I echr as of.any-other politica: organzatonin Iam"T~ S f er,:adIotdtv ail Its life, uponl: the. propositioa. oftAhe * had been correct In-that. Instanci Thtt-rights theory, basedl at Get- voegist this as It, the twvo pro)o 1rom the.Uniol,-was settled vtereis awide difference; Indeed, bletween right of a. State to.withldrawb. h ih,fa:-State. within the prohibition,., amenldment: in tysburg. and Aproato In the first; place, tile nationatl, and control. Its own local con- onliy to at very limited to govern Its own affairs,. just thIt. of local. self -poverfllet its. It stood Union mnage Its own local. Interests,; was uind er: thle Constituttion cerns, to Preserve and to of the Itepub- It was.timpossible questlon of: Prot' a. principle of. the organizers t. settle. exclu~sively -vith the aIs highly appreciated politicalQrganiza-ton. Stte might -ivtsh to have Prot as it Itas ever been of any other Althotlgh'the people of-the State lican Party Mr.. Hamilton and Mu., Jeffer- clause of .thie Constittion: It was This Is a principle - pon:ivwhich -f rnmers! under the commerce, prevent It a principle utpon whIchnonleof.the of the people outside of thoStfateto son never differed; The righitof a. the power. and could demoralize th of. the Republic have ever differedm' could ship liquor Into the State or. leaderS- affairs exclusively anti to man- commerce clause, In other wvordls, State to control Its own local of. the, situation under the Nivns very Is indispensable to. the -preservation commerce clause the liquo Ir trafic age Its own concerns aitepubie endure. under the Government. The I wvithout wiidiel we 's n.'notas within the control of .the;National, r, Federal. Union, ameitdmfelt:doew violence. tot amendmreilt began by, Is because this cons tltu tionalt There ntoa'rhbionyntonal tho it going to, castimy vote against It.; I Inow., so far as I am coacertied,. that principle that I am tvote and th'this. atuationi,. tile first Instanlce becen to%bring In conflict the right led to sul port the proposition In Is no necessity. inmy own.State I found~tliat.Ida right of home rule,., questto(o nessing tPonconditionIs action.' -t -an Importanft. occasion,. when the- prohibition; ofiAts- owvn Individuali Mr.. Lincoln; upo . not: -have natlinal pri pointedly before him,: declared to the principle of State. rights came order, nnd;controt) became committed for the putupo- the, rights of thei.Sttes to ex-i throiugh, constitui~tonalI, amendientlnotelyi i fI to ,matlfti-Intviolate own affairs -by, thelin:Owa. judgmenl~t. olg:oa el~e~rllnbt under the.Conalttlon- their .of that balance, of! power ojal which at State could be dtry. Clusivehy is egg ntif brtepeevaten no other way by whicret'.ivas ou ins tuiofa . tI reta fo ataglfrtentoa as all st~udentsofoour. Government: whlat is kcnownl as tite WVtblb.Ke Tis states the. principle. -ek~initlg- We ition amendment hegailt undestlrtdt ad hae udersood~~:f6 amendment were adoptediiwhlcb helpedt E xpedlency,. party: lindthieReed law wais. fornaI not always -lived 'up, to., the, rrnclple,.. tlon very much. But the Wc~b4 enyon have or.. selfish. anld terlort Motives,, In the -mindl far Interest,,. or* party. advantage' douiht, nod Is even yet tin doulbt In thiscoun~try. ' T1ie "uproun'o Coulrbtins cause ustvoaetlseeoffcgQLrfetm)tIin n ble lawyers- mnodify that dlecision 01 noay..ofteano oemsu derstands It.;. par- Ito Whether -it wvould tIt timne statedWith'refeencetothis ,We..ht''llatd' prohlib.ofl inI tile Thle same prineiptinshbeen deelared,j.: different, quiestion. idilto i e by, P~resident Wilson ivhenmibe. Idaho insofar as we could haitn ticuhar amntdment ~~ Into thle State lnoe 1917. .~~ But'lquor was shippedl alli; y life..thnlt ehm.nges: State.' 1idO I o Lledtconviction which I have hart Itqa deeply inntur~d on, ul we 'wver i, ' MWeoi;h n i y Stlter. claulse of thle Constituiti of I li ,t olei ieihmwuiout :,llo to iny nierce :114 1 weI. iiir tin 00 iIy ci1 oll e 11111~l1111Y RECORD-SENATE. 563 1919. CONGRESSIONAL pro tempore. l)oon the Senator from Idniho that to be a he PRESIDENT jmercy of the National Government. I conceive Id to the Senator from Waslingiton? .whollydierent situation to that of suffrage, where each State yleqr. BORAH.- I yield. may net for itself nud the Natlonial Government does not utinder- Mr.POINDEXTIERt. There is nothing lit this proposed nmend- words, 1ti any State In the Union that they shall vote. All thnt this ulen.in- take -to interfere. In other nt that provides vot- wants woninn sultrage it can have it, and the people on the out- ment provides for is that they shall not be prevented from the situation. if the States me :on account of sex. I1side cain not In ainy* wny chnge by their own in could have settledi tie question solely and alone Precisely; thnt iN the suggestion I would ex- gMr. BORAH. he no dis- action I do not believe I should have ever consented to castmy et The fifteenth amendment provides that there ,vote for action upon the part of the Government in regard to pe as to color. For forty-odd years it has hen there. cri mination in the priate ;-prohibitionl. Is a dead leter, as dead as ifIt were written been .r It should he remembered also that the Webb-Kenyon law and It moi-andumn of the exiled Kaiser of Germany. It hans national enactments; that In all these in- me could not submit to domination by the the iReed law were ad because the South it. stances we were denting with the matter from a national stand- dolored race and the North realized the task of enforcing national enter. co point. Indeed, the liquor traflic had become a Mr. WILLIAMS. Mr. President- fromu1diiiio prise carried on upon a national scale In utter disregard of the The PRE SIDENT pro tempore. Does the goeinator justlilled a treatment of the matter from Mississippi? state lines. Thuis condition yii tPdto the Senator % I ts entirety froin the national standpoint. Mr. BORtAH. I do. I ws going tonreter, ir. [resient, to another question, and I understood the Senator from Idnho to say upon Mr. WILLIAMS. he no that is the question of polley. I am not going to enter at the fiftonth amendment provided that there should Tite South needs no defense from t color, or previous condition of nany defense of the South. will wisely discrimination on account of race, me. Shte hats her able and loyal Senators here who rvitude. Irl her interests. But as a part of our. common country I seMr. BORAHI. Yes. the same as I would that of an hound to consider lic- Interests Mr. WITLIAMS. And that that anmendment has heen a dead my own grent West. We are all influenced more or less. by our South. My own State has been held up to the above his environ. lvtter in the ask the local surroundings, and no man rises wholly orld as the chief offender In that respect. I wish to in the great questions which affect the Nation as a w or the constitution of the ments. But Sonator It he can find In the laws whole I propose to consider the Nation as a whole. The South or In their administration, one single thing not propose to add State of Mississippi, has lind her heavy burden to carry. I do hich is a discrimination on account of race or color or previous unnecessarily to tile weight of that burden. It I were wise v wish to ask hint If hie Is not ac- feeling is shared cc indition of servitude, and I I; enough I would hlp to lift it. I am sure that the fact that in the case of the State of Missis- we go reck- (Ioiateti with d- by all upon this side of the Clhtmber. If so,shl ppi versus Wiliams the Supreme Court of the United States I upon her a condition for which she si at all In any of the provisions of the AMissls and thrlst that nothing lessly forward lre- c Ided Is not prepared? Is that the way to maintain unity-to ppi constitution, or the laws enforcing them, constituted any nationaluserve good feeling and to make us as a Nation strong? silolation of the fifteenth amendment? (.4I '~ tern- vi 4~ Is that a wise policy for a pedple so widely separated In Will pardon me one moment, I am with him In lies If the Senator ii :,tory aid so diverse In loc envtiontent? No; that way Is opposition to this measure. 'dissension and dissatisfaction, aind if pushed to extreme, dis- h Mr. BORAIU. Why? A'ntegration and national. weakness. Mr. WILLIAMS. I think the fifteenth amendment is a To Impose upon the Southern States a rule for local affairs tistake, and I think this Is a mistake. for wvhich they are not prepared and which they do not wnt, a Mr. BORlAT!. Why? 7Simply btecauise we have the voting power to do so, Is Prussian- Mr. WILLIAMS. I think it is a mistake, because the entire wilie to give to tlucun the right and privilege of settling States are called upon to say what shall rism, States according to their Inter- people of the United its these matters in their respective o the political constitution of a State, to say what shall be ests and as they see fit and in. harmony with the views of their b where the Senator from Colorado It is not the p litical structure; and that is own people is democracy-Anierican democracy. altogether wrong in the question which he propounded to tests, defines, and distinguishes justice from In. vase Senator from Idaho. The prohibition amendment does not naitne which t justice; it Is the qunlity of the deed. Tyranny and force in the the life and political soul, of a and force still. Utter disregard fect the political structure, name of democracy are tyranny and a State ought to be allowed to take care of its own of the local conditions and local interests of a people, the com- State,Sou without the Interference of people of other States. But do not fit their situation. elling them to conform to laws which Irose forthe purpose of denying that there is one word or jot a the most sterilizing and discouraging form of modern tyranny. amendment in the consitu- that Serbia )r tittle of violation of the fifteenth 'Shall we give of our treasure and sied our blood of Mississippi, and to quote the fact that the local government and deny It to Georgia tion of the State that .. and nuanin may have Supreme Court of the United States agrees with me in 'and Alatbama? rienthe people of Idaho and Wyoming Impose opiniont. wilinpon people 3,000 miles away, living honder coyd .their know but little, Mr. flORAH. M President-l. of which the people of Idaho and Wyoming One word. MagYrs, the Imperious Mr. VILLIAMS. word, and then the Senator how shal You distinguish that from the Mr. BoILAN. Let me have a handconscienceless nagyars, Imposing their will upon Bosnia can go ahearl with the rest of his speech. and Herzegovind ea a t e Mr. WILLIAMS. . I beg the Senator's pardon.' th wantueI to ask my friends upon the other side of the Chamber, Mr. BOnAH-. I realize -that the State of Mississippi escaped SIfthis amendmentis passed, do you propose to go home to your the condemnation of the Supreme Court of the United States, ,peopleand say, "We now have the fifteth amendment, which in Mississippi. h but, neverthe ess the Negro does not votedisqualified. oinhbits discriination on accountof race or color, and tte , WILLIAMS. He oes not when eighteetth amendment, which Inhibits discrimination because' of Mr. BORAl. No; and disqualification is adjusted to the Sex, and the power under ach amendmen in Congress to enforce situation of the colored man. . . the rule, and we propose to see these guaranties ofmthe Constitu- Mr. WILLIAMS. And he does, not for several reasons: out? Does anybody t~no tlte United States faithfully carred First, because a part of them are disqualified because they do tnt this amendment is anythingbut a white amendment, a part of them pose the other. Fot come under the educational qualifcation; less arty exigency leads to a different rule? On they do not pay*their taxes; a part ak my friends upon' this side of the Chamber, when are disqualified because have been convicted of* handletme to of them are disqualified because they hiS! guaranty Is written Into the Constitution, which gives felonies or. misdemeanors involving moral turpitude , and that ut tvo and one-half to three million Negro women the right to is all; and every White mne Is'disqualified, for the same reasons, Ote In tlte South and gives you tile Power to see that the provi-' wherever the same reasons apply. men upon this side of the Chamber pro- ,on is carried out, do the the South It Is true that we took atlantage'of the fact that we knetw ~se to see that that is done? Do you propose to put mhite man disqualified for If you do, you ill have a there would be nine Negroes to one I Federal,der control as to elections? but not one of them Is a disiunlifcatiot on et task, which you seem lightly to contemplate. , these reasons, of servitude." hee and tecount.of racee or color, or previous condition It prould like to have somebody rise and answer me They'are on account of the disquallfictilons themselves. 'Now, ow, andl tell me whtether or not this which weo are writing Into .they may nbemade to apply tthe Negro women, but thus fur ifhe Constitution is not asoiciun lie. Nobody Intends that tihe two there Is no law to make thei oppilcable; and the Sentor is ~ad a half mlliiont Negro women of the South shiall 'vote, unless, exactly right In saying tlint every State in this Union ought 1151 say, party cxpedietcy.comppis action for the slicer purpose to be left to take care of its own political soul. That is a differ- f party adlvantage,. regulation like that ns to selling i~r. VOINDHX'il'lRlt. Mr-. President- ent thing from a mere police T') CONGRuSSioNAiuiauni-o' *.

T1here Is no-phaso of, notloitni lire, no0 outlook 'hut-IA voloti'd by liquor. this gooliqur. to o ili~thete veryg*~vI'yHuhtone, stannce, Itgoest' oesto to thehe v ery, te Ili o s of thi prolto.ou ok tit inNolt" i 1lii e. Vo lt iniTordtt t1ts ,1 if o'BOAI I. tr. lredilent, I only wanted to sayutltht which afford to talke.counsel upon I iofnitt thle reqUIPtS of our. southerni fritinds. 'We oHleslClj lot~u I hInic I dild siy-iot It makes iio differencehtow the 'Juggling to. look at Ett St. iolls- I that the Negro d-nfot.voto because without fault. As I hava Just.snid, takei iice; the result Il Comitonwenath whose soil holds the surrer lo;Ic. That Is the only crime which he.has committed. . within the-grandold h Is Mis.pi4Pi .nstes of tie. emancipator, the ntu who gave the Negro 1119 h in.W T hAMS.The white oesnotwn votoitn 1,000,000 Negro wo len. of whimt freedom. Talk about-enranithising Mnderthe conimianod of the Soth, wheni unr.le ORAH. oOh, the white man votes. because *yoti aro . widening: the political.'poer of. tit Negro to- the white1man1 we animush m because do hur nt hur inist careful to otDply. tests which. do not apply lit hroIin tests which excludetho Negro ant write would inaulato.rubbi tWowillyliec ure hiompiicaU You pick. out those. laborer. '.WV:wlii.flot-ovCii.itidui'C'il its a cOninpot II I your law, and that excludes the Negro. .Take thd case as a. can not tirt do .istie to thein into only a short timeago, to grand. the-field of Industry. Letatt see if we which canto up In Okanoat of hil oN, father" clause of tte constitution of Oklahoma. Tie Supreme this ward of ours, this rimo anirong sh Iyno volitIon race wvhiclt.sheds Its blood1 for tihe itepulic when Ih( lte. thle United States held thtat that wits in violation of the this itilico to the NcgrolItI court of and that it was enacted for public IsIn peril. . eLtus, I say,,t rst;do Clonstituion of tle United States, widl trait Ills chilliten voting. . thle Industrial worl,d: that lie nmay educatol tlie puorpose of preventing the colored men from duties of citizeiship, taln we shnt lie Illuch an' Now, I titot dlscussiag at tthis time tiln questloi as to for the whether or not the South could subntit to the domInatioo.of tle final solution of the race questi to. L1iut,..Mr. President, I cote. baick: to the fiolnt: from whIvch I Infertor race. ' 1%am not discussing the Justificatiomi -of wvhat of lionee rulo, i, d(s the same thinghn the North If started-the right of local self-government, you have (lone. We would you take from the States the control of suffrege the situhaton was the same. Ttat Is not tte proposition. I am lillusion.when you o not (ho so, ind tie Senator from lIssisslppi I would not for any oraIlary cause, for aiy transiont otL saying tat place: ninytltitg' It the wtiy of. woilitit to v'ol( titat you never Intend to dto so. clrchtllisttlcest, ieServattili I will age with me We never intend to But this 'principle is fundantal; without Its Mr.n ILLIAMS. Oil, I agree, cordially. iici It. righlt to vote In timnb.wil be frtties-yes; I-go fuirther, dto It If wve can lawfully and constitutionally prevent withoult its preservatioin our form of governittent musl: olti Aor. BOiAII. N ; but, on te other hand, Mr.. President, the that , fall. It is the source of chatracter It citizeitshli. (1t takes no Interest in the enforcemenit of thle -fifteenth mately and Intellectual life of al North was an effort a time or two,.but fotntain from whict is fed the moral amendment. I believe there on in the great and ever-Increasing huit to nothing. te a n those. who must carry I amounted dens of tle Iteptblic. I want the prnclplc' of democracy e - Why, Mr. President, we sometimestalic;about the difference I know I aim a believer In woiat: In theSouth and' the North. cMr.tended as far as possible. In the treatment of the Negro I would-be-blind to every-page of printed lstsor, l a few days ago upon this subject, said that suffrage, but in Taft, in' an article from the experiment at Athens to titls -hour, if I tIld emigration of the Negro to the North would compel t e not dclar t. the better coldsi- know, and I wouhd be recreant to my belief if I did southern men to treat lm'better and to give him of local self-governmnt dinernec go far toward solving tlte: rcn that without thte principle erator and nt that would and debauching lie. The two gre so simple. Did not Mr. Taft know Is a shan-aye, a deluding a question. The case hs not tie rights, the right to vote and the right of local self-govertiIlonl wqen those Negroes lie tas talking about' emigrating to of Illinois-the soil made sacred by tite of lioite rule,tre the very 'tiilars of sound and wtolesoie fta . .North reached the State They te int at wn ashes of the martyr, the man who emancipated the Negro-the gover neont. They are not lit cotelict. massacred them because they.would with each otter. Ttey should nothe brought into inilc northerner decimated then, frietds of rothblictt hlst have earned their bread it. the sweat of their brow? You can They should go bad Inend. The by enacting tutlos sitoulduot consent ttatone shall destroy the ooier. not settle the race question or the Negiro question contscious andl deliberitte purtpoe, It Neither upou my side of thle Chtamnber I.s it our piurpose, -our which It to laws here Ini the Congress. guaranty remove the last vestige of this great pinciple ler upon yomr side of the Chamber do you expect tis toidiscover and Infinite sitlTorht when It Is passed.' Others may the human family 2,000 years It to be nnythiog but a lenh letter to establish as a workable principle it governitiel best, but when ait called upon tolwrte Into and sacriflee "C1C do as they think the very ftunitntlt 'it the Constitution of the Utited States a solemn guaranty, I pro- Do we propose to tear awny and obliterate Ic the Integrity of the States? I) il thatit I s elforced; and that Is, the stones upo which rests pose to he. prepared to see mav Ietrsted for a idef season with lttt.P this white amendment was presented, I voted propose, ts serious reason wty, whon responsibility and withi fearful power fo good or evil, to ill to ineke it a white amendment, because that Is h t It wil. be. ie the teachings of Hamilton wed Marshtll, of jchlIn I have said that. this amendment would not be ranforced regard gStatesand conpol If v- a matter ofparty expedt- down the lineswhicoseparate the fafteenthiamendment was passed as. mass, all toe directed and govetn that have ever been made to enforce American people Into one enIy, and the only efforts Washngton?.Do we intend to enact.agailn upoit 11Ilstt out of party necessity. It'wii be'remembered; when from I I tIct It arose Thaddeus westera'continent the tragedy of Rome-the fearful dest the fifteenth atindtmbent wasfirst brought forward' which destro , teli opIpose to it for the ve;y. tive,' consuming' tragedy of centralization lIIll Stevens, leader of. the House, was lbut nation?' If so, tire wve fully advised of tile consequences? reason' that it Infringed .upon the' rlghts of: the States; to take, or are! wNeShtl Ill- he, frankly declared, lie we measured the step we are about afterwiards he. yielded, because,. as .fleein# before a" -revolution? Are Ave Ill it. wats necessary In order to, maintain the Rtepub- moral delinquents andi to 'il thought that at sonie timie whense pared to take .thte responsibility of such a-course 'hianPary n .o~er. It 'may be that I recognize chitmgeo its i permanently. away from'- the the final judgment of posterity? 'of thb States seem to be drifting 'courset Thre and.Mohichseemedcksonviadfully Linoln that.he afat .governmentt erporwe wvithouit un I t. rele party evpecyomanseek.- redali to -jecoup differnto by -taking control of of life. I, understand Republican Party -it. wvlhl of cltangelIs withoutthe meatns of life.' But whent it Ii the southern or 'border Srates, thus tnaking' it neces- power ait lustli some of of, the elec- ciple long fug;ht: for,. long sacrificed for,' comes sary for tlte Federal Government. 'to: take control expericitt(' depends for, Its establishod,! amid. -after; 'mote'- 'tian: a century of tions. . But If this consttutionail. 'amendment itself toh-e -wise and just, It semus intoleraible, It C not upon th6 inherent justice of the amendment Itself .Provrea of tile' first pricotfles e execution a disturbing. and a, a challenge to reason..and a; defiance but upon, mere party. expediency,. it wllbe disregaird 'it. 'Esplecially tii"tis and.. will se rve neltiter the--white.:people, nor human ;progress, to .disowtt-and lie vicious. provision, seem so -when the.thing, we are seeing'. to-acconplislih i :the colored people. To. be entirely'- frank, I.do not tink we Iconoclasm. tich bele ve.that. the' wiserand achieved wthout-such: saerellglotls ..ought to force..this -situatiQn. I. Aver outgrown these' hnsat ulvdtepltllS5 I fle lineis: I certainly want to see: the Negro. secure .justice,-bt I .41avo We -tre lorfciit tlat/you' cnnot -force , nnd-:whiehiseemcd,.so'-vitaI. to: the fathers. 'realize, nd every .sane'.man -retlzes,. zagel has coine and, we arettinoving fol-Rwatt tilt' coloed~uleponthe'out. ,twilbrig'rnewdralai' ar.bt'another go. int -accord anee ..w Itit tite grea t -.Iitv of0llt ilot -n~ilbevasti y-more inju rlous, to-.the -col- new dIuties and: ;fare, which In. the pitichple ofi local' seif~governnieut, or hlotinc role, 1, of tilt.white. race,. and.,heaven, knows it' would 'But -this 1ored. race than to t t t . and' never ean'.hle. lntlefuted. It Is.ot~ ()l1e * I:thIflkcl 1nflfl elly.be errhat.-Vo .l itt s.n ree be-.bndI enough -for either rIit) away withv time. ''You.'litijmst.as wvell tell. utlOhat li to force a rule. which:Is not acceptalble. I '-passes obsoletIC 1ru19 Ali~atn t6 undertake life. -4 .-government-is oldand-out~nf -date; thmat liberty Is I regard the raee.qliestioll as the Nemesis of -American. Is antiquated, as to tell ile tlitt titls pltIn people upon whom falls most teavily 'good citizenship .syiitil.odeeply with tile of sufllcientnomtiettt to bie preserved attd vigluitl It. Sphuinxilk, imscruttable,:-and' intract- Is nto longer its1to htliI thle burdcet of solving jtililc. guarded. ' Llike goodh citizenship wvhicht it: helps able it lnfotudes Its(l r at every national feast n(1 565 191.9. 7CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE. to problem would not he involved in it nt nil. I rim not going iniperalvo nowastw acnr o It will only at aniy length tire niorit. of the fifteenth grojest n,4ol apertieSowhes it ert ant frengo'overntnettare discuss at this time failure of Congress properly to enforce it. It was the dental of this great aniindinent or the rejected and disowned of men thle Seintor from idn Inlakes he posilIon, car- so much to the bringing on of this Mr. Proshiot, States Hona- princie at donributed Hedl to its logical extent, that if there ie :i: Unnite belief that It ws tot be vouchsafed to nillions altertion ,of the Constitution war. It was the and assuage its tors who believe that a proposel of people that helped to lghtn its burden is not for the best: interests of the people to grant the principle to those of ifie United States people sorrows. It will he the filure the United States, notwithtiniiurg ill of the other for It that will leave the world faliow for war of favor of it, it is the duty of those who re asking everywhere else of the United States may be in agai n. tIt white this principle istrecognized the people of this Republic from securing suffered and sacrificed for It, 33 Senators to prevent whinle utilions have fought and nch nilteration of their Government as they desire. rapidly moving away from It; with an in- more dangerous attack step by stop we are about to lr. P1resident, I cnn conceive of Io Incredible to every reflectinga an we are such a theory as tit. Why, difference bt the upon iopular government than is it. Nat tre stone wich the builders rejected, the past your or two, thre is not one of abandon whichri eithout tile temple especially during of which the builders put and afternoon who has not said, irn hudreids stone tear awty. They, tie upon.this floor thi have could not have been reared wc would that 'under our form of governmunt the pnople that the living.oud ever permitted to as. sheecles, by tire wisest io statecraft lin fin orderly wily, through the nm-furs proviuler dieclaredl we will Incorporate in tire right tire foru of. tnhir semhrle for a common task, nrational Ioirstitution, to securre such alterartiorns lit new scheme local government for local affairs, int thigItep stle, w Mithder this not get my consent governent is they desire, arhd te excunrs for government for national affairs; and I can said of other lauds, there is not Lte sligihtest I have. no reverence for things be- nlirybIe or the min who advocates " iliet to destroy both or either. for precedents. ut the presence of tire anarchist cause they atre old. I have io superstition yet the Senator's argument is thnt if 33 Senators to a religion that t.is Rte- action "; and for te Ihot I have a conviction which amounts that an ailteration in our Constitution is not aone upon tile underlying principles believe how- pubiic can exist only ;nd Interests of the country, public opinion, howevero settled, upon which it ias b auilt formed, shall be inanted and cast aside. - as told us that the Ialo of ever deliberately be- Mr. President, tre istorian President, because I believe in popular government, peculiar brilliancy arount the brow of the Mr. people to rule, because I believe power payesd eit, of emperor. caise I believe in the right of tire Napoleon thee night he first aorethe crown to the Constitution thant elder enmperonr In their right to secure any nmnrenct the more thoughtful minds wlro looked upon the way by using tre But to just appreciation also, they desire If they go about It in n orderly for as the salvation of France there was providiedi by tire Constitution, I can irot subscribe glory perhaps for the common soldier, mrethiods argumients advanced by le even at more suitantial of the emperor fror a moment to the theories or.tle be out who, standing guanrd, protecte t e by from Idaho; and in this connection it might riot posoed semiter of the Bourons. In these Senator theobulletsand place to rmad just a paragraph from the Declaration of Inr11 days of great moment when we are called upon to exercise vast of times when tie pentetnce: and unusual powers,In these extiaordinary that all men are creniteu triu wo on these otruthc to he self-evident,c with certainh folriable rights, that can vex and torment the mindsof t St tutiY ar niti ur by t oeirpreator orsut o inppns. That ofmost men stupendous engage our problems attention, and the most exalted energies that amn these are I liberty.abe. nl the sorghtat govern mnstatutydnts are abmoneBrvin mnw, let us not forget that., after all, ecfureh governed. r wheneveroat the Republic are heing exerted, their just powers fro the consent of the Government, the perpetsiuty of these institurtiots, becomes destructive of these endnew It govern.Io th the life of this of government an fomthe of people government to iter or to abolish It ond to organilnInstitute Its pow upon withentile constantofrsoma presence the Inmowalks the affairs of life. W ubtti Un loIg Its foundatio on such princ ts andi dependagaintthe a rn e o e f t icm sthn to efrect threir safety an te In suceh foirm as to them~ shall seem moat I kely is self-reliance, his sturdy strength of mind, and I his Initiative, succeed. Let us therefore hpplie.o t his unswerving purpose, we can not to-day, Mr. President, rdin this influence, the I believe that is goon doctrine never surrender the means by which dieexerts of the United States formi de with tire Goivrn- believe that when te people or change In tire Con piocsje by whichloi Is brought In contact i erately a judgment irs toaim amndmedt 1), which tre Government is brought close to him. It Is our duity to perntilt threm, In the form Providled mont and by local self-governmuenit, thle average stitnition Without home rule, wi.thout the to act Constitution,upon it. to be a law-abiding citizen fnd becores an ism, abort three citizen soon ceases Te Senator frot Idaho talks bout Prsslan or revolutionist. These iu- his e - enforce their whil upon onc Irresponsible factsobst guentiris fourths of the States being able to are the things which make thits tovern be unwiloling. But theSentorlfor tagesI these signify our wili- fourth of tie States that ay aire now proposim Government and when surrenderke them we gets that In this Consgtltutioli, to wvlrchwe him from the affairs of the Republic. ameni t, ar ~\Inguesg to exclude amendmnt, express provision Is mad for liveC this matter as I do as Involving a great n by tlrree-fouirths of the States after -hraving Therefore, viewing much as I dislike to vote when rattified otil advital priaciple of government, by two-thirds of tieldopten Congress it becomes a part of so many of the people of my State, I can of the Corstitution ofill o the wistes of further Constituion, and Is as mucr a Part my consent tont record my conviction in favor any of the other provisions. o arichi ti Rpublicds United States as are I destroying the fundamental principles upon There cht be nuo Prussanism In accoriing it can not longendure. russiain? States the right to secure suelh alter is establshed and without which Intend to discuss tire, people of tile United Air. LENROOT. Mr. President, I did not government as they desire to secure. i'russinnbns with others, for anl early tions in their Idaho In thre ng, this9 joint resolution, as I am anxious, is a thin- upon the -side of the Senator from of the distinguishred Senator from- Idaho Indeed, It would be If 32 Senato vote; but the argument to speak very meait lie muakes. Pruisnism, t-i4 taken such a trend that I feel called upon of tire People of the country should, becairsp Shas a time wvhen I held views against the wvili denied to them t1 ,briefly upon It, because there was but which tironrgit they -Were wviser thain all the people, * . similar to those which Ieo Iras Jurst expr-essed;~ .In the Constitution as thN with thle right to secure such imterations %scmelled to abandon 16 I would be consistent fteeisvr icrdfeec I have long advocated, desire ob ifrne -p~rinciples of popular governmcnt'thnt that I know of Mr. (tAT.IdutiterIsvymch L%et me say In tinls connection, Alr. President, from Wisconsin aind tire Scoont in advocating opinihoir between the Seniator irnl n~o man who lins been more zealous or ituentill with reference to fundamental matters. . lie the land, thran. the distinguished from Idahto who ay lrn ftjular government throughout 'use of tire word '"peopie"1 as against 33 Senafors and knowing that to be so, I have been to be submnitted'. I ask the Semnint Senator from Idaho, has said the view that tis ought not It surprised at some of the things which lire wheti the people are going to get a chance at fery greatly conibluded. 'from Wisconsin vote for *1; the speech wich he has just amendment?' Will the Senator from Wisconsin that matter, Mr. Pi-eslderit, I want to make this constitutional nennlnic Before discussing lire-makes nareiptdtent providing thalt before, one brief reference to thre minor objectint that of the Constitition. It shall be ratifled Yust fin this joint resolution. shall. be mirade'a plirt igto the guaranty that Is embodied popular vote In each State of thre Union?* Congress never Intends to carry out, because me that question? jh~ch he says the lias been Mr. Lx?{ROOr.' Does the Senator'ask urantym~e contained in the fifteenth airrendntt abandoned. '' ''M.BUI.Ys will say- that we have noe pov. *nored'and amendmnent 'Mr. LENROOT. The Senator Thi~le. SenatoL- knows full Avelt that the fifteenth such a 'condiltion to the amendment. Tire CeristitlitIl and the Senator :knows just as 'to attach ntii there 1r rno oti inboiedthecolor~ question, in' this Itself providles how It lifill be ratlflcui, fr Is no' color question at all embodied earn be provided. But I Nwill soy to theC Senator Wel,tzitthee sex. Tirere ig no one Ini the means that resolurtioni iitrodir' amendment. ' It 'relates only to Iditho that' twill *gladlly Vote for tire Joint to differentiate between a black~ man BumiANromr.1 a dany or I 4,~thi' who W1i11 attempt or by the Senator fromi Connectict tINIr. anir woman; and if thiere were, either In tile South for ft populat- vote upon ilh constitution~al :had at black not lirsitate to. enforce tre 'terms ago providing 1hfiline% Wou~th, Congress ivorld pecnnlinn Negro rmits. 'Of thri' corl lItlonnul nrum)enriait, bu'enunis lirat * ,-u~ft n 1~'ciC.iT(YNT A T1 WFThOItD-SEN AT FL JuNil-" 8)l

o tl.t ill v 'd t6e t w h ich t tion b y co n ven tio n ..It h lia ne ea a 101 ILt e l ecteu1 fy thlieoil. of a say anI provide a conlvention what I meant whenl I spoke exoctlyt tTeesa n ui o to ratify It? That Is, of course, The people willv htoavn y ia Mr. T1ilNROOT. be lected next year th a1t the n i n y olh nn of olsay awilli s y th botlegislat t.v e rco tes 1erto 1Onr1.1 n wilit a or wntihapt0will on lis hooutit popularle10Al vote. o l thpl etn on I reo tow ith reference to thnid at, I think tIs itheSeeso e n h . riue S enatow r il sayjust hapulan ctonir ny question,O A . SomeT ee of then,nn po h twolM r. lectidonRu OOpfor tha,let io rpe. two or thrce legislaturemeentia Important than thI question. this reason: There are only will even more r ds ,o n e S e n a t o r I1.4 no; and for the great as of th e legislatures to d e r sti a In ote t r h W now in sewion. tBefore h a vp3ro e s Mn r o. . b sn edr n r a t if i c at i o n t h e y v il l to have a convention? Op p otr t u n it y t o v o t e u p o fer holding not willingEN11OOT. Certainly not. h a v e t i people, and there is no occasion Mir. T4 I i convelitiout Is hlel ns been lected by *thethat purpose. The Senator knows re two elections for n eleetion In Mr. BlORAH-. I\ Mr. prvesident, they Juit had, upon theat.issue alone, 1ndth(luivs.1j)i Mir. 130ltAlf. the delegates ivill be elected involved. The thouiaitd ofhI, people were permitted to would 1)0 no othcr questionl the qutest ion upon this question, wherevoters the In Texas. Two. hundred Ito ain election of a legislature, voe.Texata There tire ithout 800,000 of them which. enter ro l lip themi voted, and about 110,000 tik e s in t h e S t nat, o nd s o Cal and fifty thaulollud of th e po pl e co l d of p w o i tft e e tsi n T ex t s P a rt esan s q ue st l 11 1 t0 i pe rl a l m nutfIt W h e n the le g isla ture i S u.ror d i na to t h e ra gC n outif v ote d for I\i n itut s u f ra g e . oun inyt y d p r e n-w o u ld the question of the ele tifn t t i f y t h i s dnie n t w i t be ei nsiderei at alt In were the reason for adloptiuig ti e l e g s luth i nnr c e n r a according to t prls-a not were held andl that before IIIlie itopuhirlt will nt i ol,anl yet it IS overwhelmingly convention People have but-olto Issuec a sion front of populair seatlillwt'in Texas convention alternative, thle ent statuH have been two votes on womn at . i that w yent sitlrr-oze. I think there the ratification of the amlendnot against rule obtains, andtai t is People could be hao1. of Town, where the i jority of votes vote ofnte aitOr w h e th er su 540ge in the State been voted down. thi oIlority I wno u ld lik e to a sk th e S e In both\v ointl s Itlhtils iffe re n t vr. Tin t h aO O T. ra tify il0 an e i eiIy s u e ra ge in th is c o un try ih on s titutWot l o n v en n tiO n to 'hichh i b e n c a ostg a ins t jo rity o f a b ou t u rg eha d ac a c by direct vote, and I not \ i e r I ill ibit, a s Ag ain st a m a the election of Senatorstaken. S ta t o Is dsn toe ii g o v The popular vo niot,proposing If his position now Is wvelt ver States where it suffrage.has obtained. It is not'the Intention que stion vie 254,000aIsfa whole 101In the hitsbee 4 against . I do notath recallr t that lar this natter. Mr. pORA been nfraid oI tlefop r to hove Popular votes upon I certainly Should not have under this provision to ratify, but that raised.in that Instance. pon acco lishen by a conventionbeen playing politics vote raised It ii That could he The w ome y ho have wut the Senator could have i he rojected. si yearst Mr. LENROOT. i pon this. for measingtonthe last five or that matter ns, w ell as h e Iha0t around tihe city of . a esr 1alsed a quest y hat Mler.ve n theirld lessons well Mfr. 'ORA0.The Senator hut seeI t with the Members of Congress against these 33 Sentors, Ole( m uch prefer to reson under- the peomle are arrayed e t il have it V They of legislatures than to ot ing tha0 t y o has been ulefet reason ith the members secrecy th enator ino blecause this Suffrage matter nd to when he enters Into the this question, I ate t It control the citheen'sAndin theyh vote dno vtitlftoaySteIn over aigtain In the States by majority vote. 01ocntot takeo t r.to IAeS trrnit It toubft titau tn ten over and otfnime St it ' tAll oprosentithey do urge a convention because of theargument l octo a t tiehe people will ito isli covenftit the people s ttleboona . to sleet reason than tha n by oatitthe .tiole g isla tu res Is rnd TI.W e are nore amtenible a n y tru e se n se, Io ct o. I Mr. t OCI Is n o t In teo th a t th ened It that my onv State of l erit th e v o tin g b o o ths. it Lhe. E N I O O T . I ta e that majority. It Is I b: tho se wh o speaks are to ebe perm itted which the Senator makes up of w ho n ulthe able Senator Is one by le ate people question at all. l t the e s u nlotg icn l t i rw a t-IfosiI rec to pass u jonthis up a nm endm n ent is ta 1t in the State of VIsco far as the right of 33 Senators to hold fc the Mvrylarge majority Pilt un o th at wmhrment -t.Ird for 'Ityet in Int eirthe Statelast cinit e teons le ted by p pag tl, ohtegetpriSby nearly nnd declared I sueta subtma it neddan ttong ig it a nentt it sltld lienepreseltatIves submitted. determined to 1. C Sentorts and conviction of eaci Mom- ft nRts clili malltme deliberate judgmeo t and submit erms l as a distinguihied Sentito fortit hltetser or aon It was vis to AiMr.BlORAH-. Exactly, just e or ColLI Onas to they would hmave said rgohli ocit amiendlfletit. Otherwvise told ae a day or twothe poilit that particulair teh other side hisof theState Senate wore against It, null nil petitioners came up from the the people of when a certainbe numbersbitd of Buthfaersoarranged of It. people,that It should in holh parties were In favor dv and Representatives should no one as beent o r af r more o m Iano11 n .eoI the judgmet of the Sonatots a Tdede Senatorr g ov e says r nm ethat n t t t a n t me S e n a that I mnygj udoc m. a o f po p u la conceptine of opu1uti lei theR t u tst io n h ando n stI aml oaexercising n to understand tmat my as poputhir goveit e udnd rn t upone d o ldbentpero the Senator thmat thmere Is no smmclmtiing t onot bievo If o ernmemit Is to conitrol their locnial aih led u ne t Con ttutbon he sumisiopftnemedmnt. are Permittedoeriomititsinbl myindOtg t vtor rule Poplaerwhc itto la Ilinkogt nottbeaotdunesheppl further? hoe adsttl Inc, Will thme Senator yield r rulthr Wsign msigost ndals Mr~. TLENROOT. If It could hea Provided In rllclte tre Unoited te, iietle yitte. .t. BORIAH. InI lust a moment. ratified by cn Orle longriteso siblyat tackp ol go e the amenidmenit should lie t h Cngre of'tUl td we luave at this ammmetidliletit timat it would go far toward T th eat opr imink elected by a. popular vote I tink b whNichr. wecudosl Satosim thn e have MIt~ ventons to the amendmnt. InI fact, eat inRO.'Dethe uvet itilt ninellornting my oppositon meoIn putting into If the Senator will assist con- pplrgvrn I may say timt that It shall be raifd by fsi fwii time provision * lOn-.Inamasr;ys.*A sueys'AS*sidlfwnt 11111 thmis amndmecnt will withdraw mny objecin r RA.Inam ventions selected by popular vote I could have vat to the Semnator froma Wisconsin.Mr Stalte of IdaltO, *for instance, I yield at all be- ago, iftie as against the National Gave *Does tfie Senator differentiate mind hmave been protected, for the tit Mir. LENIOOT. as totleerits of a been no reason i~n thle world a enat r ecsing his judgen the' there Nvould hanve iveel his judgment as towhmether national amiendlment. and exercisiag In the form of gov- of time Senator thliktltiit prolill proposititn desire anl alteration Mfr. LENROOT. Does thme people of thme coutntry to'support it? titan popular governmient? Co it becomes his duty more Important C Od eramuett, amid therefore again lays stress upon tlme people. do not thtink It IS; but the Natiotnal Mir. BORAHI. Time Senator uvIth a Mr. BORAH!. -- our power not the Senator will provide me and It was not witiin lt As I said a moment ago, if on thmis ton has provided, commerce clause of. time the people can express themselves have been wise to repeal the. * method by wvhich. to time amendment. it amendment was ncsayi lie 'I will withdraw, my objection In this tution. The prohibition they.wauited qutestioni, want to purovide for suffrage time States to have whbat tot I do not believe the people Willing to stance to enable t ' who are advocating It are not IfheobIctylIavndi lteF * ;the fact Is, those areIwatobefnk as tadinlgt * ay precisely wvhat they hmave been relied upon at vote of time people; that Is but amendment could I simolild I * laeit to to take time people's vote, or time test against repeal, Ic to avoid. I am willig the people. test of time couirts But for 40 years5 SL, * t*seeIng legislatures' as a vote of! prohibitioni was justified. Ia not willing to accept the that the, States did felt that muot be dry, becaulse IIIl I want to say In reply Ieen voting dry and yet could In'. Thtat Mr. LENilOOT. people made thme Constitution the liqumor could be shipped n It thme Constitution. The and conmerce clause ifit StiteO Coll ia, *not make to it should :be proposed to support time amndoment. filter provided Imow amendments and others Governmernt coutl, and suffrage, and Yet the Nationatl vote for till ratified, provides twvo wvays. Time suffrage, thenl I wolild The Constitution a time prevent Its enjoying or InlY rejct It Mr. BORAHI. thmat there might come But a. State many have siffnI'Vge fm'amners undoubtedly believed direct voice of the mneat. wu'de difference. lie desirable to have a more power may saly tiny. I See at wlieli it would bylluii~Inlgisinlatind ratifIcal- iteorue, so they imnovidol V RmECOR-SENATE.o iESSIONAoL . ion the onate.i vo .w final otrits e tt th on stttin ni v ii ws i t*ln

T he ppo rtity i ehow luton i on heni i odont t cctne milh hm t l h otflh eit w w n beIIttiingni an it en 1'r l dretult . Hf It 11 d oes no t ak .1 C0tIttIwe rpe urie ng it . lit this tru le t itt b 0 10r tolihe lm in b nted to te eing ereno lu0 coile nve inoft o I til cottt en twits ye as ofnttat alliftiennt dos ntf kowe tha ofth nritt1 ore i cnetotif atori thrltrti ihlinhr whot~C(II ilvct bIhs h pie let hti y eolcin Buinttil ew mof 11leents n hi t ttwttttiecneleil fit ittnvct~b ~tS ~ l~ it~C tim ((tittlIntit pioviloii% tthe r or t enthe. nanupo of decli tcallwhettil e i sin jr e l of tto oer l tt esw f' i orrl ui ,th th ne lt rrw aettt n ed lb 'I h v then o i n b on iti n l b e o li it i nt h e to ulbere urginga e y bIt. e mIt dIsb f e ie ot* o ve la w rd e t i n u p o ld . A t S tuit o r t h n Ari.on.. tb t it te d th i t t h e We bn- K*

Mr. UNDERWOOD. No; I do not think it has, for the right elector of tihe most numerous branch of the State legislature of suffrage, either for a Federal or a State election, Is now would have the qualifieation.s of elector for Representative in fixed in a defilito way by the Constitution of the United States Congress. But what are the qualiflations prescribed In the and could only be changed by an amendmient to that Coisti- various States for electors or delogates to a convention to ratify. ttition. or reject a constitutional onendmnent? Are there any such? Mr. WALSH of Montana. To what provision of the Constitu- Mr. UNDERWOOD. ) Well, there Is an electorate Ill all the tion of the United States does the Senator refer? Tho Consti- States. There Is anf electorate, and also a limited electornte, in tution of the United States fixes the qualifications of the voters sbme States. I take it Iat whemn In nly State a constitittlionni for Members of the House of Representatives, and that is all, so antieonlnuent Is to be submitted to th electorate it manns the far as my, recollection goes. generni electorate and not the limited electorate. T4here is no Mr. UNDERWOOD. That is the clause to which I refor; but real difliculty about this proposition. If that clatuse does not apply- I realize that this amemdient may lie cimbarrassing to some Mr. WALSI of Montann. It certainly door not.. gettlemen who have contended that this resolution should pass, Mr. UNDI.itWOOD. Then, of course, the Congress of the because the people of the Uilted States. have a right to have United Stntes hn no power- for this Is a Govrnment of dele- thel vole rellectedl ii t( Coisttti[uton. I realizo fiurther flint gated powers, and, as ins been smid by a very distinguished it is possible that miany mien ltve on Ite hIt iustings promihsedI t il jurist in a decision some years ago 1i the Supreme Court of the constituents or havI pledged themselves to vote for the ponding United States. when you are asked whether tile Government of constitutional anondient, atind they fenr the criticism of those the United States-the .Federnt Government-hns a certain to whom they have rendered th.1lose 1.edges, unIIIless t.htey dot Overy power, yoint must thui that power deflned in the Constitution; " In ilt([ cross every "t " Iln the subilshion of this miinientulent . but when you atre asked if a State has a power, yot know that as originally prepared. it has the power when you do not find it inhibited either by the I never criticize my colleagues. I realize that Federnt Constitution or the State constitution. there are abler men than myself representing the people of the United Sates Mr. WALSH of lontatin. So I understand; but I understntid in the Senate. There is only one the Senator in say also thlat there Is tin lInpiled power in the thing that I claim for myseIf, aind so long as I have the right to represent mny State ii he Congress of the United Stated to provide nil the ntachinery by Senate I shall exercise that right independently of every man which the conventions are to be cnled and held. and of every Mr. UNDERWOOD. O, no; the Senator is Inserting a few woman. I conceive that it is my duty to retain unto iyself the high privilege to represent what I believe tle aidjectives in mly relarks tflt I did not place there. The Sell- best Interests ator snys tat I stated that I could deilne ill of the machinery. of miy people; to reflect their views In tills Niln- No; I did not sany that. r snid that tle Federal Government ate; and, whenever I think that the existence of the (Govern- would have the power to define the manchinery for calling the ment or Lhe liberties of the people nty le ondingered, to change convention its anll Incident to the power granted In tite Constitu. my viewpoint and exercise my own free will on all questions tion to propose amendments to it. I that may conic before this body at all times. Mr. WAL:I of Montana. Exactly; but I inquire of the Sen- I think one of the most unfortunate things that happen ii ntor where lie draws the line? All the rest of the machinery, all a legislative body is the modern tendeicy of mevn to coimit the other provisions concerning the election, are to be prescribed themselves on public questions before they coie to the final (ay by Congress, but Congress can not prescribe who shall vote at of submission in the legislative body, and.therefore unthinklmglv that election? and ill-advisedly sometimes they shackle their hands so that Ill Mr. UNDIRVOOD. Oh, no. the end they find themselves in embarrassing situations. I think that If we could Mr. VALSH of Montana. How does the Senator drnw that free this question from all considera- tions of that kind this great issue could well be submitted, not distinction? to the Mr. UNDIERWOOD. people of tile whole of the United States but to the people I do not dlraw it. Tile Constitution of the several States in the manner and form where the final draws it. decree of the electorate could be registered without any other Mr. WALSH of Montana. Exactly. That is what I am ask- conflicting interest to carry the question away from the real ing the Senator. What provision of tie Constitution draws it? principles involved. Mr. UNDERWOOD. 1;ien the Constitution proscribes the I do not terns and the know that I can hope or expect the Senate at this qulifications of the electorate for Members of the late hour to modify the proposed constitutional amlemnent, but House of IRopresentatives and of the electors for President and I do know that if wo.want to read this proposed now for Senators of the United States, and thereafter is silent, amendilent into unquestionably the power the Constitution so that it will really receive the approval of the of tile Federal Congress, in reference American people at heart, then we had better adopt the inend- to the electorate, is exhausted, except when it' Is revitalized or ment I propose and give the people of the several States a froo vitalized new by an antenidment to the Constitution. But the and full opportunity to act in this matter. Senator fromt Montana knows even better than I do-for I yfold Other Senators know as to his prmiership, so far as well as I do that thbre are legislatures I am concerned, as a constitutional of the various States in session now which if this proposed lawyer-that the courts of the land have always held tlat a grant of amendment were submitted t? them within this week, or within power to the Federal Government carries with it all the month, would act on It, ratifying or rejecting it. Why of the lIcidents that are necessary to put that power into effect. should that power be taken away from the sovereign people of Mr. WALSH of Montana. That is just the point for which I the States? Why should they not have a full and free oppor- am contending. tunity to act? I know of no reason except that it might Mr. UNDERWOOD. Surely, but it does not carry the incl. cause delay. Well, there will be delay before this proposed dents that are not necessary. It will. be necessary, if this amnudment to the .Constitutlon is ratified, but if it is doinyed anildmnent Is adoptod, for some provision to be made as to the long enough to give the electorate a full and fair opportunity time and place and nanner of holding conventions in the to reflect their sentiments in the final law of the land it will several States for the ratification or rejeftion of this amendment, be far more satisfactory to all concerned. but it Is not necessary, as hn incident of that power at all to Now, I wish to say on the main question that I am not oppos- define who shall be the electors to vote for delegates to that Ig the adoption of the proposed constitutional amendment giv- convention, because the electorate is already provided for by ing the women of the United States a right to vote because the several States of the Union. I take it that the fathers who they are women. There are far more disastrous powers to place wrote this Constitution did not intend to do a futile thing when in the hands of women than that of the exercise of the elective they provided for the holding of these conventions. They cer- franchise. As a distinguished Senator said here this morning, tainly did not propose that the qualification of the electors of in my study of this question I do not find that the high standards the several States should be changed, but they assumed that, if of the States that have given to women the right to vote for the these conventions were ield, those who have the powers of the past decade or two have been pulled down because the franchise .electorate in the several States to-qay would select the dele- has been granted to women; neither do I -find, in my study of gates to this convention. the question, that the States wherein women have lind the right . Mr. WALSH of Montana. Just one more question. to voto for the last quarter of a century have risen above tile iMr. UNDERWOOD. .I yield to the Senator from Montaba. standard of their sister.States where itnonialone exercise the ' Mr. WALSH of Montana. But the Senator will remember franchise. It.isnot from that sttndpoint thiat I,,viev the issue. that different qualifications are prescribed in the various States If'the women of America were a separate people there'inight bo for different elections. For instance, in my own State, for many some question as to whether tleir 'views are reflected 'in-the lears before we had woman suffrage, women could vote on cer- Government, but the women of Ainerica nro a part ofthe Ameri- tain subjects. So when the Constitution provided in relation to can people;,they have certain .votes in their family circle, and the election of tile 1fombors of the House of Representatlives, those votes, whatever they are, whether they be cast by father it provided thint any person who laid the qualifications of an and. son, or hereafter whether they be cast by' mother anld D)-SENATE. .TIm 3, 570 COORSSDNA. CONRESSION AL~ 1X0111EO 5,.. . -- se ij'r-to ifltfiiflhlI- ,eter(oritto; htt when you come to the toval q etionsofo - of tt n tn:t, the questions that ire in the ine of every unn and a Mailiter, will cont reflect the sentiment you wnt hose owery nuintend circle, whether it he for the good or the ill of the Nltolon. TfIat ( it dottylif do Id ht th cito W inton, wal thos poweis coticeili te is not the question about which I am concerned.. th voter,ante iiizen, only justify thetselves in voting to submit an 6iend- In the City Of nrg ton,Where I hear men million; or toyou want himnis to loi nient to the Federal Constitution beenuse they say the Con- reilets one part let tel and therefore we coditiois, to reflect tiOe voting strnsgth of 100,000 or 200,00 stitutton itself provide for its ninendntent, hir iienthlo atendment. That i an targunit people In the Wtte? Or, If h1,coinms thowha to rflt are justified in proposing the ti haveoi Is reflected nrngv In a circle that continues to chase itself around t horizon int each county, do you wadnt Feui In that ulectorteo oine in thoustand or two thoiisnd or live without a place to Plight. It is not the amendment of tie left intli1oit of which his vote Is at great funda- tiiooxuiii people, istead ofI lite analysis he rendered in eral Constittioni that i" Involved here; It Is to-nday onlyit part, If the (leelsions li the last mental principle of government that we are considering propose amendments, to thle Congti- WA1iliigtonl? In tit(- Senate. Yes, we ean lhl(re fire we going to stop on thiN downward road of popuhr the Utitad States. The Constitution provides for n power it the tet. tuiton of years. We. or tIs iij0i(uihudigupov;*niftut (ooif contralized of theUnited States to serve for four ilroposali of this annodinet. Presient le ten ooreof of the i'ederni Governmient? ie cor es ubnti t amendmentU to It providing that but it rellects the Injury in its thn voteM could be oh- not only works fn injury III Itwif, the President hall be for life iie, If Until the ltue ca ie when those seokng a kIn could he enthroned meithod of subi *ioss . tied, by co titutsiintledeilfot iti hut wotli Youie t lied it dol ght 11(tidii i Iioivi' ior Celti n purposeis coinu .1itlockinig ait t ie W1ite Itoute; resl lin l l ier t ila1 him - t doorete of ie Congress t o4 oif uiiitisi had the spowelto (I o l oaan p en Justio fy i hi e i t bro u g b h h all o wn vl v because you a r p e ew o r k i ng u t th eir ac o ht of the Several sI-: hex tim n f or t c c er i , t h eg at i ow e r h - slatu0res, I lie qio'Stio .1ciia iii l" it pl se lf i nv o renl qtloi llh in l I t it fundamintalI prilici legi suiii Iit. Tit(% iieiat x f itoip. luBt now fo tinheil lie f-gthvii Ihn t is iul of ptr of gov er t ou fane se t t c oan e o ubti n t e mlutd ofnu ned nu theru pot the Gov es of he their plains thuiniigh the pnwe r of tie icsel il (m cTs oti houefor of tiolsi iS coill it aix. 1Ixsuchl thit it, eXce-i't wor~k out cliiite, of geogriuphiy, tile ortir oi every Stup doyiig he prnent iou for the Federal Govern- ient, we hear goingtis far for the guent in w thmat are necessary Li lCon f- rtitutinmo t Unitedhe SlatesOlie even uphold its strom orm, thoe pe -nrs Govern-oi of for these If w ueh l mn t to enablei t to l, Of tdee to piocdeoe lin f thath It would be theople at W ashingtoin Is Incapable of m aind g law for that the butal 'Ilh ment Of the no eontictlonat all,overookiig the fct of of the United States. There Is lonore possibility Is a soviet goveinmeit; that the irutl wilt people able to make Just laws for the of a mjority o i10 Legiitnaw of Alabama being of that body is Utemrei. tat hieqproton io up isfor the people of to wahimake the leader ot of intev.1iilae Of lw people ofmaIne than there peopleif the lberties nd our rights grows just laws for the people of Alabama. Not that the guIimteod iy men, It yegUarauttCa l by akin; in those two that out frehdoti inot aeon- two States alre not akin they ar closely WOtituoaeMrct.ucut nd where oI tear downthet from the danie original stock, wrIth- co will of atbrutl ntnrity States they conic primatily ifferent stitution for the purpose of writbig the influx of alien blood an yet, living In twol ou es t to ni hetin i ty- uineY ou t o out much e U n ited wSo ta tes f. th e y i to time i wO f ti lan d v i -lit co Imuyni ti e , i tw o d i fer e n t se c tio n s of t o heI to majoity, iitna kVIIIof along different linee, they protection i rm,you knowsnyuttvlo think along tiIercat lines, they net becTuse that itajority i4 moui will lines, and it would be Impossible for tme mjority, lid yourself In tie ssinonll i live along different ti e matured butt lierliano to-morrow yun iy legislative hody of one State to reflect Into law comes, witout a government of law, Statew efor goverme t that Anddesithe- when tht hour of out eio, wishes of the People of the other out ifnisdtittlonul restrILioi for the frotction the anll of the people. Thatay true of the Fpederal of your fitu lhy itself. responded to of ttha your home yo - properly, or the Integrity Our grentest i vereces upom the floor wilt conto youe that You l aeritel Government. The interests and iellnt whence th protection Senate grow out of geographical conditions. ofiit we fiism your fthers of old. the wishes of our people are diversiled, cod ecatse It Is not a questioni to-day ats to whether succeed,,, often to thle materil dcl~t- No, Mr. P~resident, It Is 'a clash lucre. The stronger the women of Airicul should have the rhgitto vote. meet of the weaker side. end, out Governent shall live. It of the Federal Question of whether, is the hSofar as the exercise of tine delegated powers as to whether the fudamet l principles that are great powers of war ang peace, is a question Goveronmet Is concered, te Republic shall survive. at Mry fOMreNe of thIs Sreat in who tas studied of our foreign affatis, the collection of taxes nee t e11 ubnw thenimid of any the control the support of the Government, all of these uto ht when you destroy tile princieple of the customhouse for must Initrust to the Federal Governnt h unaeta under great questions wre loce efgoenmqetian ctertepwesaoret Washitngton; but when it comes to those powers of govern- the dIsintegration of tis great at the fireside, that Wvei- the domie of this Capitol, then ment which Invade the family home and begunu and the hour of downfall Is only a que .stion lite and carry old age to the cemetery, Republc has conic the infant Into w-uant just o ie those laws of our Intimate life and living, If we h usiu suo h local people Alio live TePEIETpotmoe government, must be determined by the tile de- under them. That Is thmeonly way we can accomplish proposed by te Sentor from Alahauuti. sird *amendentrsul. y&us and nny'5. Mr. UNDERIWOOD. Onl that I ask for thle tlt proposed constitutional amendment Mr. President, I understand there aire scv- You may say that local sefgvrmn. Mr. WATSON. on this uestlon, and It Is does not tear down the suesrcueof eral Senators who desire to be heard It may not tear down sueprstrciltresfelwof-govement tree thle not possible to ge oeo tt-ih;adIunesadWl time thle ax stroke cuts the block from thle [Air. Smtooi1 desires- to ;make at state- but each root This proposed the Senator from Utah superstructure Is growling N%veaker at the T. twltaeutafe mo ns'Iwilsyo real pyramid of local self-government, Mrn.SM ns.Iwllnyo amendment Involves the the State to control Ai.SOT ItwltaeJsafwmo becauise whenever you destroy the powemof understAnd that an executive sessionl Is destroy the State the Senator that 1 also its electorate the day is at' hand when you desired. Itself, soon ats the-Senator from Utah shahl have this proposal only Mr. WVATSON. As session: But more than that, you may say that statement I shall 'move for tin executive voters to It. So might 'an finished Is I desire tO Sln? affects the electorate by adding and then, at tile end of the executive session, for universal suffrage, an amendment that I shall move a recess iutil to- amendment providing all races, and to tme Senators presenlt I Hluall providing for suffrage of aill ages, all conditions, at .12 o'clpck, and wiet. we convene to-morrow the electorate, but It Is drawing morrow until thii; questioni., all kinds of people only affect insist on the Senate remaining In session' that -reserved power, '.*7 that power that remained -in the States, been finally disposed of. ', to that extent and placing It lucre In has Iaway from time States that Mr. SIMOOT obtained time floor. I: final determination. What effect does Senator yield to tile to muake at U' Wshngonfor that power in' Mr. POMIRENE. Will the The more you centralize .;'. ''' '. U ',,''have on the voter? brief statement? ' tile moretron diminish the reflected power of the U'':,Watshington 'the States. 'If you Ai r. SMOOT.. Certainly.' K'Individual citizen of to Republic and of 1 I had very muchl hoped that there coil' T. your laws to the will of, the Mr. POMBRENE. 'had a plebiscite, and submnitted 'I ni simply obliged to leave onl C110 If you 5tibmit *my vote recorded, but lie htel.c 10 have 10,000,000 ,people voting at the electioni. train this evemniing, aoul I shiall niot Ile able to Alabama, you mny have 100,000 or 150,000o 5.50 them to Lice people of them to some morrow. voting at the election. ' If you submit regret ltme sitmatloul, Air. Pci 'ii *people may only have Mir. WATSON. I vcery muuch smaller county lin somne State of thle Union, you I kniow Ummit:tile Senmuitor froum Ohio0 is quclite ai", .dent, because lilt,, cloesi ion lt a imutimbetr of Sewcltac . Ali eleclornte of 3,000 people. loverimict are tilus to lie recordhed oil 1 uqadIin grc'a : powei-s of time lrPederiul leoll, idu it svucx lit; piblo ' S~o fitl by tho. hauger eeeuiphe l.11heae 1.flici coacei'uiinl, oif unecossily I cry cumist be dneterimiecl 1919. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE. 571 If to hold thern here it stfliclent numbers to have this vote. Therefore, out of dfereivce to their wishes, I consente.d earlier Ar. WATSON. I move flint he Sianto ink it recess until in flie nifternmont thit the minter might go over for a final vote to-iorrow at 12 o'clock. until to-inorrow. % Tie motion was agreed to; and (nt 4 o'clock tanu MSmttinutes I vory greatly rogret te mituation, and I trust (ho Senator p. in.) the Senate took a recess until to-morrow, Vednesdiy, from Ohio will lie nble to procuroca pair. June 4, 1010, at 12 o'clock merldinn. Mr. PI'CRM'INI. Mr. President, I was Informed, either yesterdny or il.s tnorning-I have forgotten which-that pairs would be nrringed for; and, in view of.that fact, I certainly NOMINATIONS. hope that one can be arranged for me. I am not In the habit becstivce stotminialon,9 rcccihcd by the Relae .7tt ic 1, 1010. of heing nwny when it comes to votifig tipon matters of this tind, but the circumttanies are such that I am simply com- UNIT D SrA-rs SlxirimNa Boan). polled to go. Thomas A. Scott, of New London, Conn., to ho a meiber of the United States Shipping Board, vice Colby, tesigned. .I nrcSIttNo ruIn. AirorwNrmi.NTs IN 'rut NAvy. Mr. SMOOT. Mr. President, on last Saturday, In an inter- The following-nained view with Air. Welliver, for the New York Sun, I discussed nidlshipten to be elsigis In the Navy .'the question of the obligations that the Glovernment of the front the 7th day of .Tune, 1010: United States will be tinder June 30, 1020; and I also referred Royal W. Abbott, to a proposition of providing for a sinking fund for the pur- Laurence A. Abercrombie, pose of refunding the obligations of the Government. , Mr. Charles M. Abson, Welliver reported that correctly in .Tim T. Acree, the Now York Sun. Albert W. Akers, Jr., When the last session of Congress opened I took up the ques- Engenfo lion of a T. Aldridge sinking fund with officials of the Trensitry Depart- Stephen T. Allet, ment,. and also tnade ptiblic statements as to what I thotight Harris the plan ought to to refund the public debt.: I had in mind C. Aller, be Charles C. Anderson at that time a plan of doing so, and.repeated it to Mr. Welliver Erik Inst Saturdny, hoping that it would be the policy of the Gov- L. Anderson, ernment to Marshall A. Anderson,... adopt i Ilnln by which the obligations of the Gov- Warner W. Angerer, ernent could be paid within a reasonable time. Samuel H4. Arthur, Yesterday I looked up the bill which was Introduced in the Fred B. Avery, House at the last session of Congress covering this question, Myron A. Baber, i knowing it passed the House, came to the Senate, was referred Edwin C. Bain, to the Committee on Finance, and was reported from the *Felix L. ]Baker:Vy.A .Ilu' ,, r Finance Committee to the Senate. On the 2d day of March Leon .Bkr . , ., . ... the bill passed the Senate. It passed without an amendment to Ralph D. Baker, the House bill. My recollection was that in the closing days Clarence J. Ballreich of the session that bill failed of passage; but I find that the Frederick V. Barker President approved it on the 3d day of March, 1910. So that Loyd K. Barry, the country niny know Just what provision is made under exist- Melvin H. Bassett,, ing law for providing a sinking fund for the retirement of the Turner W. Battle, bonds and note issues of the Government, I ask that section 0 Ninian Beall, of that act be incorporated in the ItEconD iHow. Francis W. Beard,:;. I have received so many letters front all over the United Emanuel C. Beck, States in relation to this matter that evidently its pasnge is' Charles S. Beightler, not widely known. I ant pleased that the act is now in force. Alf Ole Ituh Bergesen, If the rate of 2j pet* cent proves too great a burden, it can he Thomas H. Binford, reduced by futijro legislation. I thotight myself that the hill Henry T. Birmingham, land failed; and now I as1k that section 0 of that act he Incorpo- Allen D. 3lackledge, rated in the R1EconD. Victor F. Bilakeslee, The PRESIDENT pro tempore.. Without objection, it will be Charles S. Doarman, incorporated in the REcoRD as a part of the remarks of the Robert W. Bocklus, Senator from Utah. Julian M. Bolt, The matter referred to is ns follows: Calvin M. Bolster, SEC. 0. (a) That there Is hereby created In the Treasury a cumn- Robert Bolton, Jr., lative sinking fund for the retirement of bonds and notes Issued under Carroll T. Bonney, the first.liberty band act the second liberty bond act, the third Harton I. Booker, liberty bond act, the fourth liberty hond act, or tinder this act and outstanding on July 1. 1920. The sinking fund and all additions John T. Bottom, Jr., thereto are hereby appropriated for the payment of such bonds and Neili D. Brantly, notes at maturity, or for the redemption or purchase thereof before Edin L. .Brnshearsf, maturity by the Secretary of the Treasury at such prices and upon such terms anntconditions as he shall prescribe, and shall be available Kenneth 1l. Brimmer, until all such bonds and notes are retired, The average cost of the Thomas B. Brittain, bonds and notes purchased shall not exceed par and accrued Interest. William B. Broadhurst, Bonds and notes purchased, redeemed, or paid out of the sinking Roger fund shall be canceled and retired and shall not be reissued. For the Brooks, fiscal year beginning-July 1, 1920, ar for each fiscal year thereafter, Maurice E. Browder, f, until all such bonds anhd notes are retred there is hereby appropriated, Gilbert W. Brown, out of any money In the Treasury not otherwise npropriated, for Harold R. Brookman, the purposes of such sinking fund, an amount equal to the sum of (1) 21 per cent of the aggregate amount of such bonds and notes Ferguson B. Bryan,, ou stand ng on July 1, 1920, less an amount equal fo the ptramount Rene F. A. Buchhols,. of any obligations of foreign Governments held by the United States Goold N Bull on July 1, 1020, and (2) t ho Interest which would have been payable durl the fiscal year for which the anropriation is made on t ebonas TighIman H. unch, Jr. and notes purchased, redeemed, or pald out of the sinking fund during Willinin H. Buracker such year or in previous years. George F. Burdick, The Secretary of the Treasury shall submit: to Congress-at the IJulius A. Burgess, .'-- beginning of each regular session a separate annual report...of' the action taken inder the authority contained In this section. Alfred W. Burket, [ (blf1) Sections 088 3004,30 0 3005, and 000 of the evised Statutes Eugene F. .Burkett,2 and so much of section abl8 of the Revised Statutes no Diovide a permanent annual a propriatlon of. 1 per cent of the entire debt of George H. Burnham, the United States to a set Apart as a sinking fund are hereby repealed. Horace Burrough, 3d EXECUTIVE SESBTON.i Frederick R. Buse, William Butler, Jr., Mr. )VATSON. I move that the Senate proceed to the.conj George C. Calnan, sideration of executive business. Samuel W. Canan, The motion was agreed to, nnc the Senate proceeded to the James B. Carter, consideration of executive business.. After five minutes spent Amarlah B. Cartwright, . in executive session the doors were reopened. .Tames H. Chadwick, 61. ijiiS(lONA1 -CO.)-S~~ 19 ~ CONG e2 i C I 2l f Ta10r I m o e cot hle of"2plt 1 t'cd ratioll of Worn- l~t(22 p222(0 1 ,Cth California n . N W Yo , lmg'20 Also re~ t i o 1 , 0f A t ied r b al2 l l~ 2 1 2' 2f tivit e o n a bc o r . l A l s oo p e t I. ) ' l r : 2 1 r t~ i~ n n o t l o l ~ f ~ c t l p i l b r t o* t e l A l s o , c o t etItS , a n d l e h a i~ r i t l ' d r l~ ~l o I be ( 022Itlc 2 Al"r iC 2t.2' A ls o, I TAO l lt lO IIp s ~ rmlii- OIlt242' fl law Mirt . h2 2 o 22 L 2 . r s d l t f M 2 ,Co"1911"'(i'al (. ',aii *,~ o r l f 2l~i tit t teeI O W 0ut- C flyl o nr 8 X I 1 oraf (inyllgl2U2III2vi22. elN w to bc e l's4 ( '11 . of 1^ AHiiQ$",tthe i Alfct h ll 1 'OjjlI t I;to he Co m IN, to r reptfoli 4 trn ilic toW2 t 2e i; 11 4 wli~N Mt2~ i lp$~ 2 l l f 12 B r 'rOSt' t tiV Asrit - Ag ill I IIa l e g, **t Votldlo c li f f 2 22 u ttlrfl -In(2'ly l wo, Ms)e tit o ll Io f l t rt2 l r h l t ro t e s t ip n g o fa n s w a r A re1W22 or e orrl 22. it. v l , l l if., o nId C l~ Y Lh 2 c bob (221 1( , 1d i22 2222 82..1 (212 1102. t. tei lil. hle C ol22 l lt e I i t i22et ors and . 11 te A2l ge N 2. 2"2, l 1 2 2 r ; m A t o t elerl t 221 2! t on 222122.1 (2I1 1 1 0 2 th ( tlIitorli22 *\~ , p tlilollof ~22V I~ii,N21 Al 22 re~l 211221p~ ~~ei ~y Aii y 222i~e Cal V. faloril g Ibe 8 ocieti o y, N o.I 53O2fAI11e ~V222122'S,osAl~glt2$ i 01$. d iita y f tar ni. bill on a f t e C l 121121 (te 0 2 '1I2 v 0 . 1 1 1 2 2 2 2 .21' o p tto n ou ,f i ( I l o g h s l 212'2 I I f t t o h e Comm t t e X l r xr d iNewwaMealll '1 12 l s C Ilbs , O ro so s A n ge l s ~i yf2 rs. t o rlciotilI22CO V ' I 2 l t I o f W l e woulen A. ( o I f i e t -Ht2M 222 tor' g l i %1 i I e bla' 1 1 1 21 th rs . ',t2g12 Calm1 (T1 t e t y Oi l $ d 2 2 i j i f c I 1 . .M t l C 2 i ' r l i P t i u i n i . P o f k l%;,o p etitio n O 2lt o . i A I T o ( 2 2 ne ,2 A 22g( l ' l M l e ?d t he t ( a r22 i AOn of 1121)22o N22rfl fl22( i ty Vl r N.II Y1.,1 for tile . ,to l'zt jtiti o ofl 't'e i i a c, t Here e l'' IT. i2 e _on __the ______'lfli-. tio A2el C ol _____till_11_W II22 I1C 00(2 ol('lil of2 fl o acrt; to2 th I'- vcl nil me122 l reto' the & Mtil2! 1 ' F( er t o Va I N - N'- (1)VrtlYl1,11. tfol 2211t2C,t~fs~ l~l 2,221II tile N o. 53,b oftOI1,110 le 1202222('~on ls '11. , 112 ... 2221 'e Soclily,2 alSlli Woe jb .i s tg to ailitt fo itefrth112sav;theCy Instrs e oil IN11gtar nl) Io yllelS ofub it f 4w t .te 1co i ll t e1221'h ttitil (fao m. Fed e2 2 t b il . H TE o an - llloi i', ( AI.'1&''..M 22202, 21 iie ror( ow 221122 of2* iliter Nliit Imc2222 C i , (., 8(!s 122Its 1,'edertio of 'O22222l2$ lillttoO 1b5'2( peiton Californ a lw to ieC Itlsng"2lw otlell22, i Ey. t .o le P012055 h- gvi G e mm o . 1 1~l tlt to t.12( Camli. .1 t )2 t le *Jollilie WOICI, it0oil t p et ti o $ o f'r lnl it aws natrof ( . 1 1 W C Ot M - A2.222 lllgC fa rli g th e e si 0 11to th e (1"l * f2 'o2-Ifl~ to t L o s A n ges l yMe, tid21122(tc I 1 2 t b e s c i~ f 2 il ofOxor ndNow o v I ,o roil.ltc ilA ril ofe' Clfull, ,1.-vn to\\ tto the2 fliOi~4ng'2~ill lelvilno lohyot y 02 1t c h e'll an2 otl frt miror-iii rmiif ofl~ M i~ ec e a flli2let il loegnlif A '.20122. N D A L ofbl' c Ale.,2l' r..4 S 1 11 ' . R A r ('a l l-l of 112Y1,011, N o1i1il11h

uW 222 12cd222 I22rI2 r. to thiCrlltion o t V l1tie l l CIIIbSlrid'2 t.Ihsl,:a ( C2 i-02 f et f c iinl (2'2t2.2f2 ln, Cnettill of o waede r l Iltll .tf2 '(,2(i1 lilg s re pent22 m i'I(l2 fay((l Of Cv,~ l l' ('rl22~ ,J~ 0 9 ai l o f 'eVole2ll'S012 ED I..;A AIIp ito o IV le ,an rt-11 cemn aliarll'.flpolbto III ft Vor of eno 0irai'l ,I ilitar A ffairs.1111 l11022, 011:12( Chi'i M ltie mltn aoyt 12 oghtS to i tile C icl ary.,tC Pr lehersote h totll. Cl ii c CIlfrlaws iVMithfaordi ircl o f V M4, petitio q Loes Alige 5dst Cb2c1 NI . S 0fT Mr willItot thir beSeCM~Iyitsf. tothe121111IM"011 l l r e : '1110 SIT 114 11 EM .I pro'um 4~ t2 \I2 Olf Ollel.. s cti s, of lrch, t'nsa de t 201 ni r epe of tire CrnlOM2~1n anr t'leno f olln 'I'2'22222'5$ le t41tloflli ofCu l of chi j h y e~.l!ailed tile roll, XQso n o prvStatc Tgihel~lC Setr il ral IIi1~ 13022le1ilati toICI the~~n i r l2Iltn01eM L btinattotl Cofteeor. e2lubsl Cinsais 1112 1 2 .o of Eas t t' Cnq rn sas m r.i21'l ~( Atsopr l ~ etito of F d rtion the s io eltrfo Commiflttee on t re ignry 'MltO e ofIttiol lw; to the Cn21rC~ttl pof'N'll 2182ll etigi 'dso ~~~ Pa)Cabro t h i a e- T eelsaouip'sf Slot NIc ut 2i~ c l i n of ugAt Co.; P tin of ARl "'ln F By Mr . U10 N h iyo N to~ll h ertr fWrt ont 2 e erate v terlill ( dwr of . 1nlue 001t thPs nt n coths on, user ofCn l ofal eiera Av lrtenue tret' E WI Haicy CnIa.de I. Dirl, 2194t 2 On hudre an seyntyailth rl~tCCo h hle etn Sente A, h' . xt2U 4,Tis .) Street; Tap er joint res lllt ( Madlison' of th ew ~ork 0 iy 'ouan A..V2lbrg02f.W nu~ n 003l Federation al o1 llfllS -144 NieySe d Stet Kendft- Parke to wrwil X ucke PRESIDENpr tmp Indnl Av r;ankd Lto C. urinst Thelti y h fLan-Iibtgratin 720 fNew Yok a niel Ilel roosd A Brommitn, ()nd alli htate Hoyltt e n igh~ lts lre th l Sd Plavce tlloth al totie Cl . e wna, kCiy ak Jim nlin oi A2(petitionrepal Frienlyf ~ylgIt.Sv~l~ iO rleliol Pasad Wn2222rrm2212 Preche of read.e Los An'les ''I22 t irc22122 L onlgi 2211hois .2' L(02 CI 212221li222IIS W1221222l22221I221 Is", e r A~Vli'il!. Tte F1212 W((222222 Avenu I fot r' r' Churc,21222 lo2 o h e A222C gb1 ,l-o Aleho's JUN 4, 616 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE. . Its spirit. When one views modern tendencles aind tenpore. The Secretry will rend the letter but to one is Tho PlIEI-')MlFNT pro the influences thnt re at work in this country to-dny, aendment proposed by tie Senator Tron Alarm. now is ani pproprinto time to retedil. ( , strike out the words " the tempted to suggest that aito SIdIIEtAr. Ont pagb 1, line secrate ourselves to a proper understanding of he li 1itthereof Insert the words " conven- cto aind recon unier. legiSiftule'i " and. I letter naind the spirit of our Constitution nd to n better tions int," s t th loperogrph nlite r Inilrend: The tendencies of the day, wilhoilt amendment to the Con- standing of its meaning. Tht le fslhow"nrtile is proposed a An fast along the road which, I. fol. nod purposes an part of tile tiny question, aire traveling Atittition,1 wh h'i sduil lie vatid to nit teteit lowed to Its ultimate gonl, M11 mean it.9 (lest rctilhl oi- Its 1utent. Cuonuutitioh whenl rittifid by convenltionsl i tiree-fourthm of Rhe several a degree lin spirit, If not lit kilter, ( lint it %%III lip Stnteg. . tion to such *tnr. VAtDSWOTIT. Mr. President, like the Senator from scarcely recognizable. It 1. now proposed in t is ninenilient tendency ohichhas been so evident l reayt represant In part a State which has ex- as a part of thi Ianh [i'.o lltmt], I to take away from tae people sondi of thato o ndf s prnciseto women residing within Its borders. In years, for te tenili te sponsibilty the exerce of which1 th e only sfegnard of tat foat and my (ecision to vote against the proposed and to i suls thatoe e nln view (done r uponiriot two b Itelligent conduct of a dem tocracy ai i nIi t to ihe Con otitinn, as I have bility t u otseat the of govertieeot. oce voteois, I de tomire efin my attitude clenr before the Senate. is remiote', comhpairatively, and evI'ii* u1pon tis amendment wvill deprive ainy Tile central UAovertilielt No voteo or ml no (,list Iles, that responiility will l York of any privilege which tually,i thl tendency c ntl of the electors of ihie State of New i ct a way that tie Individual cit hzelwill nlt herao ie peoplei or that State,r m te people of tev- I ne of a they now en roy. o nl r i wla t I going on aiti ueazo atilt conrusloi ral other S lot es, live decided for themselves, ie n orderly and t novernnnt. to exte n the frate hisom to the women,b r . Pr ed intitter, slilul c0inoititon manner, several IasliiOtit n. Senator, whit i lscuss5ing tills I feel so stronigly n this qulestion thant tie people of the a is endeavor to remeuer that lie isa Senator o the nliteit St ,State Rshould e pern itted to decide t niolls tter for themrlives Itepreening, ierely tile Instead of being and not conlined ihls functions to that I desire to say othtwere tis amendment, nilyState, that 8ls 11inspto Colgress. I ilisili(r of extening womnsion sffrage allover State, and o the ooerifioi drafted for t puirpoe that It Is tile function of a S senatorto taerd Into co drfted for te purpose of forbidding the extension give me the country, the Nation s a whole, to have some concern and to of the franchise to women, I woul vote against It. contetifent nd ile tie right of the consideration to the condition of public TIle Senator fromidao yesterday discussed ishes of the people as a whole. to settle their own tffairs, particularly In m ntters which from a Stat people ire It Is very true, of course, that a Senator elected local and Intimate. My feelings upon tvt question wield to vere they should exert every influence and power that lie can somewhat ofkeIs. The people of the several States when by walerl legislation, Itf Ilna is adopted their constitutions protect Is State from injury noid discrimnatory orotnied their governments afnd and to their judgment the legislation proposed Is iinjitst delegated certaIn p~owers to their legislatures thoesnot arise see to It that against the people ofhis State. Tl nttl lostin executives. Theo they set uip their judiciary to bieraton df t eis o v-eliyient, for n o depairtmeits should kee a ri te discussion or cons both their legislative and executive niny desire to vote it t tl a iendment s e-, transgreing pop itade tand the people. Senator wto which they already faith and sh yold not about Lte first priving te People of statevlds Of Ilytiig When a 4nhlvty orgizes Itself to do business, possess. It does Is to prescribe the qualifications of Its voting mcm- this thing In the If the people. of Ilis State have alteady voted to extend ers, ind It Is the usual procedure for an orgaizntion awayn10 franchise, no vote of Ills, vo of mine, Can take It of formation to prescribe In its constitution that tIe of tilis, proposalt does lin several Ilistntces process shall lnt he extended or restricted except by but a vote lin favor voting membership States thcing which they have And so the regulation of Impose upon tse people of certaln a vote of thee members of the society. not want. When that side of te question Is ipreI and I think I can say In every Stnte, said they (1 upon a Senator to timt franchise In the States, wans loft to the seatedi it s~eems to mc thant it is Incunibent wheni they were orgnizing their governments, a whole and to give Is consideraitloi toi words, the1 people of those States. regaird tile Nation as vet Ilg miembierl5In other wishes of the people of lte States that have expressed theml- Acting uipon thant theory and lit accordance with that principle, tie a truly deniocratic govern- selves freely upon the questiotiat Issue. which I believe lies at the bottom of of government of a great Coin- have voted from time to time by ,Mr. President, tile condluct moent, severall of thle States Is of concern to uts aill, for It Is from Lte governmientis referenillin and hlave (decied to extenid the franchise monwcaith parts tinlt tills populare In popular refer- of tile Commonwealths and theIr constituent to the women. Manny other States have voted Its inspirattlon, and which, is the againnst the extension of the firanchise. IFederal Governmenit derives eldiis and hnve decided from Idaho [Mr. IlosAmI] said yesterday, proviide our thoug h one might be opposed on general principles to the(, Senatoi * Even one can not logically object schools of political eslucatiotl. *extensdoninth0 of the franchiseti n s to'womem,re c,the r areit atl td ats Saesf p l s ee bi g e *y alstof Massachusettsa y oe0 14 as 0 an exc- a great Commonwealth voting upon that ques- Let us take the Commonwvealh to the people of aimple. Theo people of Massachusetts In thleir own wvay, Ini coli- *tonI settling- It for themselves, nnd If they settle It in'the of thir till- one can not then formance wvith their constitution, lIn the ecesm af'limative wvith respect to woman suffrage hield a referenldumnli tetil qliestiuli of though one many have voted aigainst It as5 doubted right and privilege, loglcally abjot, even suffrage, and the proposal to extend tile franchilse to tile. Nyolili a citizen of the State. Nor. can I see how one can logically ob- It was defeated in its applI- of the State of Massachusetts wvas defeated. ject to the applic~ationi og the principle, even though every county of the State, and It, freely aid openly, decide that they In every city of the'State,ln cation tile people, voting town pf the State, and had three votes Imi thle 11...'grcgate shall not extend the franchise In tis way. .every been defeated hat every wiird. 'Tile said In the debate which lias thus far been changed It would have Something has been thle State of Maine, by a vote of netirhy two to 0110,. upon this amenadment as'to the popular demaind in people of .erscY, taken place uttered defeated womtan suffrage; thle people of tile State of Neov favor of it till over the country. Some criticism has been President of the Utote Senators who are oppos- In spite of the. Ihnterposition of the by one or miore of Its advocates against sarsdn fteSae efeated It by 50,000 it- who have, consistently oppoVd It In times past. An Stts h lag It and jority; the peopie of Pennsylvania defeated it by. a similar nift- exaimltntioi of the record of the different States which have it in a poptill'r to say, indicate that jority; the people of WVest Virginia defdated voted upon this question does not, I venture proportion. of three to one0; tile poptilar demand thius far evidenced referendum Ii the approximatli there Is tiny overwhielming people of Ohio have three times'defeated It wvithin six years, in the elections. being registered only last yeair, if my inelilory Is correct, there are at least 30 States of the last defeat If 'my computation Is correct, and the last majority aganst it Was Over 140,000 vOtCs. Union which have either refrained from voting on the ques- thd people 'of Louiisila the It. In the States the people of Iowa have defeated it; tion at all or have voted upon It and rejbcted the other. day the people of 'cfexis a computation Is made of the have defeated it; and onj which have voted upon It, If It. The people o Wisconsina have defeated it, as Nv' of the proposition and the majorities op)- defeated whIchl * mjorities hi favor to yesterday, and there may be s6me other States U proposition, we find that the aggregate majorities referred posed to the whereas have defeated it which .1 d6 not at tis moment recall. * opposed to the proposition Is about 1,800,000 votes, is, were the people of Massachusetts, tile in favor of the proposition In these refer- Now,' the question to. the aiggregate majority people of Pennsylvania, and thle people of Ohio competent Senduins amounts to 254,000. So from thle standpoint of popular not.? there is 01ihii9 that the Senate or the Congress settle that question for themselves'or 110 U deniand It would not seem prevent them under their form of government from secutilg1 feel itself driven to adopt an amendment to the Constt- to pshould practice of the Amnen- the franchise of women if they want It. tutlon nhieh revolutionizes the rule and contyMak franehise. There is no tremendous emergency facing the can people in regulating thme or rebellion threatened which wouldl sem1 to nk it many seem' somewhat old-fashioned for a revolution these fstates Nwh~ih Mr. P'resident, of the it necessatry to Impose uponl the people of Senator to express Is reverence for thle Constitution have given their verdict upon It soimethinig whichl they hnve Unlite StehsevrceahIldvoIon not only to Its, 6.17 11.CONGRE SSIONAL RE CORD-SENATE.'

sai, itien,a fee tey o ot.reqir or desire. Is gotern note the frivolous and casualof the Unitednw Sttsadoil weol YOU~htipeopl8 rea~nablhattheybe toask ermited o tntinle o goerndiscuss thd Constitution tcnrry ,s to tile spilrltmenadtharhosgsinmd,"Owlyutut ragdhr their own aftairs 1I, this respect? not takei Osrosya i ht hnscnb that they shiall be left free to decide WAY that it viii not he sticltly enforceli." of Americani Institutions - and there In such A theetemeles higsfo That Is a spirit whIch is abroad In tie United States to-611Y. ther Shats fo heslveshs. ? ae have voted to extend ic same sIrIt a enmd niet ntcrcn Michigan did it but a few months That the Constitution which was ittl. thle franchise. Theo State of Ago. ion of the last amendment to over of South Dlakota did it but a few months there tire thouisands of people nil ago.; the State which permits fled last winter. To-day Attempting to contrive womys an-A mian cn logically c omplain against a system United States who are thle Constitution suchNo a ractice. Prsdn-the which thle prohibition Amnhd nieat to by Instru. Air.IW ). ArPesdn-means showing an titter inck of regard for the Senator from Missouri. can be-evaded, to iderstond tit t Mir. WVADSWORtTH. I yield to the hto meat Itself, showing An titter failure not watnt to interrupt the Senator, but not held sacred by thle peopeo iscuty Mir. lED.I'do not remote past that Instrument Is ourv ezir- a nuimber of States where lin the no use of our endeaivo~itlg to continute hasq tineti people have repudiated then there Is . it direct vote hasH been tnken and the list the State inent In self-government. I wish hie wvould Include In that Idnho [Mrl. 13lonAhIJ I Noted ngont this propositiont. by 140,000 Unlike the Senator from I hit., whichl In 191.4 repudiafted the proposition to the Constitltuti, hecauise of Missouri, tie prohibition amendment tho CunstitLill loll, iI nteely Avant AMissouri Included. that such at proposall hild no place In votes. at the time that my recollection hieveti that tile licoiile lIn great inti l111. Mir. WVADSWORT'1H. I stated bes;ides and, second, because I believed deehia and that there might be other States of this country were competent to was Imperfect the proposition; And portant communities and I feared the very thing that [s ones I nmentioned which hall repudiated of Missouri is lin that that matter for themselves; settled determflination iupon thenow reniender,.of course, that the State minnng Itself so apparenit to-day-a corn- category. of thousands of people living In those of woman suffrage as the part of hundreds It, to urge sonicn Nowv, without dilseufsing the merits which were not consulted , to evade this: WVhy Is It that this power, murtities under that peculiar pinovi- such, the question Is slimply States, is act of Congress or State legIs-lature wvouldI people of this country in their several jurisdictin, which In part at least resting In the elsewhere? WVhat is Sion for concurrent amendment to thle to be taken naway fromn them and lodged manke a laughing stock of that particular faulty? Is it undemiocratic? Is it Is, If we go on lin tihis way ntl deprive the reason? Is tile principle themselves! Constitution. The danger to (lecidit. Does It fail to satisfy the people Important conmnunities of their right un-Ameriean? far been made. tile people of to decide, whlich lit' think not. No such contention has thus questions which they aire competent I advocates of this movement-and these decided to their own stitsfactlotl. Let uts speak frankly. Tile iilu- dozens of Instances they have will them for exercising whatever power or for tile Constitution of tile United States I (10 not critliie to whatever device that a contempt this country. ItOvlhi ence they may bring to bear or for resorting gradualiy and Inevitably spread all over r hand to bring about their purpose- of thousands of people as mecrely aL they may find readly at thic franchise be regarded by hundreds of sorno of this proposal for the extenIsion) of the exercise of a will to power upon the part the advocates Federal amendment vehicle for the Ideas upon another over the United States through a of people who desire to Impose their all way for them to achieve their group believe that that Is the easiest practical question, group of people. this is To themn It hna become a purely I can not blind myself to the fact that purpose. does not enter into Mr. President, to tulb fact that for tile spirit of our Institutions tendency of the day; I do not blind myself Regard of the 'United States means the by constitultionl l aendinent per- their discussions. Theo Constitution A. vehicle slowly, but surely, not so much statutus to them than that It shall be used as this Is a glaring instance of it, but by nothing more Intent upon the purpose, haRps, although passed by the Sttc( to achieve a set purpose; and, being by the Congress and by statutes and use It. They do not wvant passed away the sense of responsilblhit they pick uip the Instrument public legislatures, wve are whittling teaching more people ovel-3 They have said so in many of their the individual citizen. WVe are referendums. a Ilving; we aire totichinj utterances. -of Year that the-Government owes them their intelligence when I describe that the Government should ani cat I am not reflectinlg uipon their skill more people every year for them As A matter of fact, I rather admire they as Individual citIvons can do their reasons.' uip to this point, do things which Scarcely a year goo And resourcefulness In carrying this movement selves; we are urging the "1easiest way." have been skillful, tin using thle Ine. becomes more mar-ked, and wvhen w- They were skillful, and thle people by but what that tendency live i1 situation, but they have not gone to that sense.Qf responisibiiity whtich should chanics of the I think most men In whi.ttle away teach hint that tit the country. They have believed-and breast of the individual citIzen and of will agree-that it Is easier to the ' their honest second judgment at Washington, remote as it Is and rapidly becoininI chint to ratify a proposal of this sort than it Government the intricacies of which persuade a legislature in a popular top-heavy with a bureaucracy, wvhen wve teach lilt get; the people of'a State to do the santething leonge any Senator -to understand to-day, Is to more quickly and with. less expense wilth its so-called bottion referendum. It can be done that the Government at Washington, the, and, as was sold here yesterday take over, and should takce over, aill of in the mattter of propaganda,. I do not less Treasury, caat the comuittllies foor, the memnbers of legislative bodis-and and duties and that the people of on'the S1tates-are pecuhininly sus- functions to do those thinigs for thir cexcept the Cong~ess of thle United and thin country need not be expected as to Insistent nd persistent agitation not even be expected, to decide ceptible to pressure, selves, that they shall or county juft, vote for sheriff or district attorney propaganda, matter of thle exten- who shall building in this country There hItve bee intances fin this very then I say that step by step we are Iliustrate thalt very thing. The as was the curseobf Germany. The sion of the franchise which thle pro- paternallstic system such them, wl on twvo separate occasions voted downt as wve all know to-day, 710,0)00,000 of people of Ohio to women. The year wvas a people, from the cradie by t poa or the extension of the franchise educated, one might say, almost the people of Ohio the legislature were the professors In tie lin foillwing th6 second defeat 15 teachers in the schools, educated by of the mandate of the people, promptly by all their public men, at the ingpirtil of that State, In the face to women- vrersities, educated educated, drihhi A statute to extend the presidential franchise that topped that Government, passed easier it is.to, persuade or of the auitocracy of Individual responsibill Qan exact Illustr-ationl of how nuoh. coached, guided out. of all sense. vc do somnethin~g that the people have refused the condition where,. they. lost their VcaJole a legislature to Ohio to repeal until they reached became necessary for the people of souls. Sto do. it withinl A few months after It bad I fear this tendency i'that act of the legislature I frankly confess, Air. President, that naG they, repealed it by popular to see it go ainy, furth %beeni put upon the statute books, United States. I do not want gi .the thtings that only a I know, of course,. that there are some (vote. been with respect to Amendments of course, that every tn find ev( My contention hans Always be placed in erment can do. I know, thle hu1rt Constitution that If an amendment calls himself or herself human wvants T to the Federal reverence and devotion woman who lightened(; aind if mncml) Constitution It should command the of the overladen members of society the The discussion here, upon the or as volunteers orgatiCed lin a r of all the people of tile country. in part at of society as Individuals, Is the II mankes it perfectly. Apparent that can not perform that function then. it floor, yesterday this proposed amend- gonable way, to performi It. Butl In a certain section of this country government, the protector of society, least, pretense Is mnadethat it will be of Avell call a halt. It Is [lot tilatr Smnent will be a (lead letter. No Constitution seemns to me that we might which spirit, aind It Is the sp rit of otir statutes or Amendments to the Constitution lived up to In some reverence for at one of the we ileI one upont not which we, It seemis to -me, should have proposed Is fatal. It is the fact that tter~ihpepef~n ifr Some say, LeT~tuts enact, the second one thave dhour.ti ro diferntpoir- year after year. proced lij I hvetis iscssd attr ithpeole have enacted the first, ndi thle two SipI~r)Ic4d ulponl occosiotl to cause we tiolts of tile cottitry, will I littve bteen Ni~4 SION AlT llECORD~E~I.. CO(I I beet grOstitei 61$~~~~~N States. rEven If thle ftrnhl(Iclti bald otui ii~~f~l~ he ~ee~li. te tird th foitttwas III Other i v i tlt'/ poriiii lnes eil I tch iiti ib 0 tet ito t i~ ger to tIli I.thrd hef~trlf f t i i i i1 md t pirl porlle. ine, I'dthr~f'i" tollle114 r 1111)14s t o t e t t S h i c tC H tr id i h , r e - th u i * ii littii b l u t the1 NOI( lv a nt d t e sx t hl n r tc 1 tilldlg a"nY tile ne e othler Sae ~ dlhv l lilt lift h , t hilt~ 11%erevdI yeart After Ilon. i ciiti oti4 In cotlln g ol -11i c 1111d I ciiil SOi the tpeople I thltil iniitti1les p r ie lIfit nItttiite(I f e t o ' d it a hri ' o I rdfpntoeSo~ )ilyfroml dcd afe dedew do t tpr ee otgn gY c o av r ale , e l g nl ltlu ii 1 01 p r e t it l clioa vtri .end o l tin t i f p r c e lo wivrife l llt f~ a ilr tol~ li ie . Il e in s f h o e that t hk yv01tu 1 Afer dvaa d e wdepe d ofl ag lped q e ero th r It I . Sii ta es baen ticco ti he s o rl thosiIe , den* tai tiu~l o nh t~ g 1 t ticlo iii ol 0 r ileo f o' ttics le gsly a ton o n i ll pro of te i l cit lizal i t o p la r n itt-e ni 1 lt il i of 1.0td i o h it i p t and perfery . bnlw s front toe11111('11 'Cliolnest at t i : wihie ttitle cii e Itul~ litrdni hecahiui t s actliI v i oint of c onv r e c mth r Insverad othd iiss iidt of ouitl nthey r a tl p h ein t 6f~t r g o fer bits tecaolipse ev r t o Il l i o i of t.1 tie ok ceiti . wh iS rititl d, n o if t,10s M- diat 1 c w5 t r 'Ic d lit . it i(t'ti.o fl 1('iillii ~(I Itc as s Olong~il tt tl ie t i jii ol'1 i t ilt iiI it 11 e ilie r va n e ital to he s it f o f i u bte n t 1 of t tie to 18 bae l t in It t l Is e ml tl i Y ,(oii , fur y e er y it tli 'itl iu rllit hlg t 1my r A nd v o tl i e ( o si u l n 11 ' r . tit e workt it fleO of-1 o f c II es thS il 110iillt o heiC rtar e beol~te r ltl~ibi er ec,111 osllcll itt n s o nti tuterionale aolto i lrout thcl Ouri te n goe . veini soi iiii0 es . t i o p l isC toe :1 ,o ('i . WI Il Thept eolet of. IM .IIDIntt eN niX i It li fj lt 11111 iW work l m * tstIei sii ~iigi1 th e r hgovern I s o th tl5~1g i tle tfe t t c l o u c t~ * wh fi t e b l gt e l rs Of t t nde timt civ ttj l tt o t e . h o issn ti lis I rte . Ad tillt coil c i . ( l. ~c~l k It 14tit tle of4CO Isotl It~ ~ r t i st l ath voli iif lnilllA of hO mI ghe t t ieIII1( ir th tItitiifeetiltlili5ti tii tilei Of5il ( oour~llilt- of 11ll ili ii South~tji'ls i iliorthe gn )-carsl'ii i ki'S.i csiiit(Ir Neill the tilt it. tti t ne g o f 1 i tll' to ctstruf ctfit woi k i s ti n t cifi cl , to itfrg v o reeeita eo l e f Ih se w o w re i mc ii,i the t t et orit ih ie it e 110 Id to ter hottil dei in Ie I te tso (ii mcli M. rethtt, t o11 i lt avolie I wirait i f Ii m nsp ri tlt It r I t Ei lii 5 11 is corre tu I~f~~j(jWISI i t Wllilioglii'oA~)iit r. K t-:ll 1 Kc~t ( fv l ti lioritt.1hey r. 11511c M0 ly -(11 n ltb dllili It it' -. nt, e lO t t i t t1i tOllelllf i i ii tsaldtoteilrv wh yewHil as o 1111 i s tO w i ic i t . to te O 15 M e, p11 ilteotheramide vsc It was som i litd euio r i l o t oie thl Ile c i i li a ute an i -1.e1,~ Heim to.rliN i e . i~ e vto ofl~ l I P C4g Ni lit - f I I i iiid witrl a cti o of iii t i til .4 t 140 In tb si -net ol4(1g i t. t' e 11tinl s ite wrld lo git't5 b e iii t 1115 y Itotl St rcgl~ I R~c ~~ogili by siuttizoI ni all Indication Of t 1d (ie they 1.4o 1101 e to\\. he1. metil Agol 14 t riis i114t 4 The. d0\41te hr u Sle atit1ltIll we n 1 thtlcl I, pisileotl5 1t11i0ill i Inlidsitliihto iii tel I lit tii litustiO firim the itv n1ves lgit ii*aNo-go) tw s I IIllm ilo riiii hui ii Iis t i l, e sti llat. - eto t lilfia ofr 0 slif'iiilrc Itoi 111to'otmi im~ld liiitsi1o itttt tonh o o . I t4)liilie ,ql .dttni.i to(. iletltof''a toitl I by ovffn er inl I I o the I ii'1Pidtastrls. ova 1m'i ~i ie f t il. I nu~g t fMIshtioll.05 hwe~ Iit il~vCttiindti sei~itnil ~~~~~~i foul r o u t Of the 1le11st ~tIIr '.%It-.~~ ~ ~ ~ hog l g o ti ti evls t o tm p oilb tLo ifnt e re tw otb , o sitm tIh~ iliilllt mtet IV se an t iillMid t 'Ittllu (11- d um to I ieffeet m 'it1i'ulM tt etami te s oprs'l i .dp~tiii voiee t 'l p assedlitoitum ucolle of isoilmlMr li tti l lii I hi i1111 e isti'C cal hevdt 1ml i iR V Its I( .(II(tI'l from''ll Mv4oltl prvste010 to d elmltrti fyI s ie ne to s lt Iloiow.11tilt' vicey the t; a t votl e i t b it a t ro I it e i I w s h e a iro m N ef t e f i l tualitill to-d h ' le il a it i . eivei ltir s nd te fu~ f 11i cii wiu 1 Ini' t~ c o ll d w orth ui i , 411 n ewtom iti l i f.tipu c g l ii~ ti, ilil WC f r i il i i t ie they r o c fh i'I o t' the14Owpl 1)lo011 c allls r e Wrht ie I( W .o t r li c e i l ht t Ity i lii o n t I i vV II(~60zltolIl l Uull I i t atS 't t t d ni es r * It litgi wdillo pofec noyil I l ' Othreoi'tm1-C01 fil i i ltlo ' wout 1 it 14t reiiresi'itt Aniur0 p'ia As t h eSot,v l o i , tl'S ~ei ll( I( l r I I u 1 0 r o l i ltnod htl - mi inoiy R ..hit a h d o ' . I h s o fft h a v e Ii ltlIqfI; liluitioYoe 'i) l t h ed a g aI I n s t t rd i.n gd l o ll otlI?.R m ti , a ns 1 1 Wa r t oi t o e ro v o t Neo u i i li i Iiii r e t vIt i t t ' t , f ?iiist o t i i e 1g l ie l umglii t wio r h l co i t i p-t i le -1 nio i al ie a te o i t mnld I l l lose lt , vu.4 111 Imi a wa yt u fr i t i MliI fors tIetIIv s t h t ol e 'S still t i II. Alo, O a goi eri It I I vo te s for tul tilr intliil Pf ho011c t ure th i qlis t hiit i fi l 1 0OWY \,vt i efili lt is the1. (li l e il t l'd I l inl e of t . pse l fit a nenilient (ie. vote s to ui p e o il e o N Oli t l g if lt is . vuit by.%i viii iit 1o t ootlll nllilCSS 101 wa t to sk hti n cri le, ill,t l lit a i tti i ll i alo o t s bYsi~ i M1 th l cla tme watil a 'lt iftee aith \1:iv tlllirtfm'uvliul fite voer ,ilh tli v o e Is ritir 1ive th i o vrrtetto 0-I t. ile u liofic at ns thir I~n seliill amitly lll t i,wt at yo e ti ll- 9eV t the ,Is e nle Of tile* N e'olo A ( m c l' i l t 101ey 1 epres l reserve. of the S tt of n rl n llch li eit et ofd tatidel whichl taanhtpov rmte pel l s e l t h l te e vit l Illo rS ta Olitti'sy stiti~ti~tlt, leict 1ttre , * .l 1 1it "~l cii itt l \. l i' n co o l C It ip oi el c menglift whtl Itl Salml 11ttu tlfteen11V MisSoro heit a ote s h vcrigtt t n V s Miono co i i of It-v oi l t ar( olna.egir.atresd ge c h ot, a . ded letr uni i timl ltylit hit rl. Mit of,, ireat I ar ay ea S cnpcl ndr ttit dida e ome tha Vth - ill'lt f of11 efore mnohi n th ief te pn ig mn m n nIh v Italm aI dea tlt ter tan Isy detRtie l Io iihz le said of tit sho l becombe detred andl o inY vot; u itv atstke I ho ldbea s t to d t o ut lto~ -ti ll fl p li d t Isses th t te ow gait.1 te derei l t heio idenrti lld m0.n n did no e ter t my l p rot hart iu ntr tsl (:toltoll r, 11,vis exc or i tor to d,pOpsN ile e utgx.tl o w hich is ali id ftvte to ra lte has alrwhich41 ad bo mi se te Su n . nto y ni i pai d ti irhag b te ion~ e ase such0 IMOlaw ive hod i '. ot il a d em filenc tvhle in10 depea Imi d e t frotIti of itM ul iy s ts tT effect of ti on f iftntpu t tlle 0it 111t t r of l t ell the pinie thi t d la t n ify e or. I for thsel d en W i u dual c ii . I po sil forevery parn o 1 h ngeo- CgroSnr vot epring e iands. 01,fiiiili fth e o e , that jus ify ere it uetoe rtilt fu le wihodt IMfo, h e to 111 t l progress a s lolnin o t soil o m ri eIl 1 can nda n t how a tiet ilof ourslt oa n s, of the spi i t t ti ty fo i o wno 10cMorin ous iidt~tril,e i t xtile lt b es esrotv the Eattiw n itt al utto Aand l,1 tie samp tha ft (nd ') e 01 e11011 " thalt I o gh o exe d wioll ourse y f r u o l a g e prin i1 l en mh ent te vodes e o seelthe ( evil effet ~ ~ l(( c0io r em sAatmt tw us" fol t I not , vh havil li po ert. lose il of ~ e ill gclite i as s wll loca con ition th ou h t fmtilS mta e o s than rac ly nd are sokivorgelIt when innc"I i of il g 'oun this 41 edilm . the condit\-alit te slndd can t1it voefo t the i tettsaes difernt ah o reogrditd tw ii out Mis r mad it o u o llteeels h p oincipe asthI , thf a an m kig p sil HwolI~e11en" zt tly v the peple 110u tie asd wa ya r m bll :t and ovromt . \ teg ofl i het n v o oes ot anclaimedlli h if lt medet upnw e t twahe Sorl'a otlc c1 sal'r law. The litt eat i on ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~~ tl stie n a t y t r l oo 4 organic *~ ~ ~ ~ cii o iiit o h a , pa s- sectional e cti tiot utidorstuin. w as t i iassc litr thoe wli h w a e p s iv"b a'i t l v i' t a capa le o n Of. tri ll', N b u h ailii'm r ot mairve in temse * Nt onl th at, v t ors tillS bit~ rm~5s T e l i i e a l P h t t a e o ns t b thost tileo proposei to e9 r ls u th u lc i i5 o e p r- r tla k d i n twas from, Iul t a t tall tl l it pios i i N 't l ii i V i on ofit V o it f tid Iit t o k l it0 nO t la th e cvt aon of W I t s 0tit iulwlO t h ut I c l ao men d mr lle t i l 1 t a i v l i a I I n l ad l ', o rio ' m e, it all e l~ i t t o a it o t h k t ti l ct I t h l t o i u l v o t e ; b uiii I Vi e w I'h 1 1 .CONGlIEiSIONATJ RECORD SENATE...... tl il which thon wll le Senator froml m o l onl the part ot our construction o siitoll ~iiill~ i. I ollit e o idtew yh als ofter ogtiltlOi p rh P5 .9 upon, tis Proposed t , i ti iie n t d o e s 0 ib lie Ill tha It na t i u der, o h ot or a t hen',i~ i h CIiu i g, 11 1 1 woleflglo toi mI l t Wa s hal 0 t ha t ha d d e l u~S idt Ch a hlv lo iy i8u iie i t1i ft o e ndf t l 1r 1an uiel"1rt9r rlute C on we o rl t t hle m40 1I t e e t t at t,110e4 0asg!teanol~i.Iih In ouofllh the ll w01,hite e mvoten ofto ther t fahSouth.. roptingi t e l of17h a ethen d nftpeent nlnedoiit. to -da race thatglo nhy ur I of Sth'i Coiie 14 e tntexedsi 10euircmst o o rmthat tha the halh eigl5lwa.euowllyu a t sl ie u h e ot Whl lentoild~~~ ~ ~~~~~~~~~~~~~f IOE o f ill Ie t Me q ui . h i p i e o tn oif sr. t amto biiei was d gire e t to achi n dI II I( i r a ct e . t a ow.lv i on kc no f that thiite if se t o n e b fill , a le h o t o k o t i e amenduieilt (1 i 1t-4e to I nl ierate te etlil ain uidinentn i ur fup r ofn pe on y andt% this of white women of I'1 ive MorahRelPh rel t h wIit ra c wome of~n th( eniecuttemins l t 0 (1w e Il l th of the South..ot for r te aupon l thMil d i o ool ow, tif orhebeio he white mail ent ? efhat Cou nt It oie thleto opout h. 11 1 v t rt i t le evI u whatamed teey black o mn O l.t. It Ino tclS them ni en 'n If ~ c q)I.1 these)I1 low mther t rae 5NIIH of Southln. Crolliml. nt sulillrtCli w h p rg ms, s will yo uC - Mr. ioe ; I i cu e lei ut he n h e eszdl lt ti l oth y o fm. e Ne gof e we mulll here elto~uilo aor Nogf rg t s al h ve c tf the Seli nd th at e gll tosae ifrfo h thr o etseimu~Yyou g.1110 1p~iiulY o demi t y Je N E n the fifee t a end e. NOWi to uaOi 'flOne t i t neesar r e to an Mr.re t DIvon 1efl11 in t s d~i i rte~d da fr hspoosdlfato n gi t hee f ' ne gro an evli o u lb eratV1 The n sotrfetreso 'o th Un ited sta t ha e be te fiftee nt n id cI l t n hIntit(ws'recloi tih of teavelt to r d en y vat i o n i n g ta w o dt el amended i o lbe a e t e ll, w uld a t t i p r t y t a n o tesi lelltrs out sect .i o b ilv e r . opeople under the 11ever01l St te N lto s o " n tle theo e o t wor liet O.s pp of th e legisl re o fry the di titoo ~naiIg. le n ac m t e r l c l sa u e se lit woe i. cIvii tw a theIl pieople titeis l e n t hSate clwsr Ita s to re ere ~ py ain codtfn thatl bnii~bt amr~endint In of tle w omen o h e lc. ~Yo teN go~ toimps. Tevr rs a prges t O ma %'lliltb ldig aehdaltvIitwojliidlinni.y %makel j-ijt i tpS ile foreUt o eer y by iune d thNitet nenlaf~ s We v ol ofl a h men Ight of ,franh enftorced upnr tNegr oll eib drl with a certaiollonditionto adut heIw to, yvS~~jou wanttot ad what I nuf prwotxio. o et caleo ne tolc a It weeit omle oe n that iOU t 111 ~sp frnci e l he g terse Te T a swhtyuhv rln . etn ily Iwld throughhert his atve Cletne. againstM.SM T of ouhC t r Mt e SNaictblil feorh ts ranc ovetrnme n t wah e e r oft New. Meio . Tat , I cil el i fitet niedowotxtto)conl bvtl e ftllorfoprSoft oridua for m of a e i e the Su h a d t er. ON S rtll rpsdInrcinad etu.(e of coursey[it Spen didr prt nile t t ntess r cod ilto trof s ~ ~~osrcin ande etue. e ntlsl.iidn tt t te f r illustra tds ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ teN goa tw iewo 0,~ ~ ~~ ~ ~ ~ atsh v en gvn ecnt thadnet yit. IMj h e Eanst andv the UneSt sement to gnothe * dtion of t the r'ght to In teod t o nol suhli wasterprctatiet p itaen fo the sevra l Sttesy eriny hamend en t lisenite aoia heei it I ay, whnil weouav deermne hei frnchse, the 0 r T f ot ge of the aml Sta e ts frae modfyquaify an r s esd be si hl n bot whaoi the i la gu ofitho enuffr ge Oll accou ver ofte Ppati u ; the r e loa wile b e o thi the reshallve no ceiciztion ofe the Sate (ieinacpentramlzdGve rnet ~ ~ that mgtaloI tt a sa thenull in upo nil ben thaving to Impose. The very conil t he femaein se , a meansl tos a eet lrocale s ex mas ome n othe uh prIpoe iht law If thr weetolinloegr Ain s ylleagure vi o caltn mi~gh vnemn iarlc le fr his I. Mr. areident may every yea * conitios bypecu upon coerb ane to( thhr llatr fi oure State wmets mgh o e frn argum entfore efac h n tre thatd the etienlyi(01a l eithaer ti eme iestr xteii t this fr n e It ere ofou oath egroa Federa Govenment to mane Mr.l SMITon that at thei Il sessOno whaeer IAL Isa itv not alsntd osiai hsqe Stateghasetifearcgiteto eetenghtheifranchiseoint Thscluets Thr. as nmyr lginslt.r orqetwsmd ofieSte Stat toncie nd ask thatedanai~ nasiiltk hre f t etoav eofhep pl it (lomsfet fror myi todtr wonn~ uf Thattk iIs te. S" Molntaa or oi f Stat ernnetn of Soe t Mexioi.~ I'll", b rnile th f otersd a I ant IAprof ir. JONES honepec t t Seoniorsl Stte tilei to makeaotatile Stuth Wetos rsint, Iinfcrsely that dnil l a9 bemie Ilutate betha for Mr. s patement advoIn o at e s oft pas d. ghthe Se at Soth a te th e nt herretatio n cotiot eocrc th a notgoig t ta e u th ti e of t s e nti ter t ate n o ttmdi Mr.Preide t, am ha se jo fit and s c mnmene oefrteU drodalldI nh r eh v ti kqesn . l the eal d; but E et wycert South Carln.T eeI ouselg o f e at say fuhe oithe bencise mate r SMeT sumteo ot epef alb ie h rv the ademocrandtic rha es eot e v to sotern e mo h tI I a t c r s n,s allfy w uld ot o mydut if di d y t e o e n y r tf theI thatI wv fy h e r men-thca rhs the panupoe of decimdinmhsentou of the State n tinpoatedt charge wIth e o acc of Gaenset ther ctl tha a~ il~ re allyio o th uav ceinn t cenrotesed jor t therae ofal S o thl e u, atI i nu ericlly in te wnted ilosupon be trne looe uon emalue sex tatd mfteyad se, tmans Ih iothwudetil.hy~ o that rmedmet tha mt dlo Nlt edagrs womn eil th t t tovoewhoent eduo wouere no latiyin it. Lcad syf a rnielwt thate o. DIAL tMey haeresayIkmolteyreseletoe ydoan maketon a y mit ak u ocmeto proies sai or Staten sevr, the Susa btn B. Athamend fe hste lepogisandistsf haerefuedion)lyt. et rmedepa, eido accut ofre, color, I H is th Spouth ter.in The pI xi it franchise;salntb wase anri to . wh aritte pposeon W. Fedtha th ernett ertdie, ranse anf aDIL a' s Itaort o ouriwoe Stprevlious cdti on h of toas stt s , mend One aUILl 3 l mendte oc hyla is tht avt of ile Pheoplen paees ethe foret halfto that Woandoura bo StateIs timiae.nito l crime tt nfrc ie the le that. SAII.~tate andthrnn f the Sonao'ers Stae, nt If i e wa es othalf Ysprouoof bet northe rIe to enfraachisemthe . re ntI sinceoeM.reshpeidnttatheommitdualelves to rae, Whyt is caegr ofsadMorbtrmn- ran ore oterdi haes the'raceicn the orslvs inate tiicmwet ou e e-te frSomeh propstin othir Satleastonhavenewo n endii meid I Clinhavempt t i os a ipth lglpae fIasd stuctivre nOth nn~n to vote for thl Mr. rensiden I w hsqeto.Alt that of ourt palassg a-oliti t II atny ut he e of it, youeanenet dicarged nto fr ole Alabama teoatheffenhathe result ed Deo posted by suted alrite iO nr. arsother hal be given tI h al hoIrhspec I E wol o o NewMeyxf iS yth a I n p r . r BrA~ereet, taetI melteegeates upieon thMr pore thi sa the y s en f rm stimatemon entio speech; madreosioywaso tilecalr o craTs uhe r whEiDE T ote mn NewouMexiod as the ailae poraltin ofte aetrlly. liv tor the Seasto f0yerm Sot aoia il.. hard.a f mquiteit k Id aho . fl ~I wh atolinayiae the~ cetuy SMIT ofopoaeste I n ng toc the of NewM xc. I ave eli . I rieltha telt fp Soth the flooro o usinh s Calnd "~'~' ~i.'MrrigNt Senaor rom it positive sate et me b the fom ubcaon nte ]o , so int r til Iterpin thttisw hel I mat terme ds ; aoll and i t ienot.riaklIn vom t g be sai ratif ithi heisltr vi w u o oefromatnte ,,~~~ ~~ adllys c onld that, unles teakhutm d y y as a o a ufae b e firn that the St tesadI'n-uie uy Sttlasds n pd n and otefr Soths1ern dm -neer adgr it. T e lgislature o estit~ lul a rolin t ha vebmedent uniea ll accepted tht.o l o t eState fu e a o the Sato r ro m'Shout Cna e at.. raubfyit to iey ha te Sae . h rssn u~ o ~ -i are 'nower n th ford iot t Seit j ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ an dic s ion ofte s bebt providi T e have beefuse(i~l, i t o h e mak a do intak want to root wtithe so fI s I p o e t r . drts o tenied o c o nethof rae ,uun th o wh fanct hiss ll no e o IN~~ wu iiStN I ~coNW3RESSIONALItUCR ~ I th~ik It 1-4 that 11 dem1c rIICy. I it, not. 620 h it(U~ if te ta h ~ t o ay think thatcsstiL~ it ,liC I p t It i tyrall "Y. Itell"MO 1 ('() ot thinkll of [l usi f. ya n . Itink te frutin rs ie I'Os tlt 620fl o rt fi fl~ ole subjct . v ai ever (iCsIglld h Y s vidud oiui~ m~ hat pol tayt petat nin eotraf pl f Sta vo governb the brmicu to b u As ruleH and local tows to sehien ofl.l~tiIthe Stho- think they I rder d th~enl wnftited to he Io- touc wiut tute the StatO , O eRI~ itWH as Wie y o ii IhC fI u preent 610otio f 'people III their respective rnii.hwvr be~en c'ltl atnirto in rea vo ters Stt allcill- en vare onvosed t o woti womel of0 nt.faigetbIlC1ta to put. this woumflf sufl'rago Aleveho ino vat majority of b.e ditfilcut tareftlae mIt mYo t I eli~c tat th ta teof lbofl it rather t euia , Hufr i e , And esir a woma suirg In adopito th ~ )l t ed t oe a d mcro tyu on ectiut.' believe t lptd VOit1 sufa qum'still .1 a vast m ajority of boths ~ctt lit tts have your notionus upoll tk;mlt abhsolutely certain that are op Osed to Conlgre Is your duty to impO9e t is ntitIPC kn tc' t.-tt An, womennod time mmcli of nh tellinig the'* think It r.( o~ hv the e erStts of thnn io (In lot fiesiu it It time pmwOpl, cn voteu rt r on the IIpoI States w hi chi this tirocc5 i1 to ho com .ti umo g of the S a eof Connecti- All. 1 re,41(1011t, Itr il 11ol ,IIh q unlii catiolns o r tie lectorcut sall b. e n d II ,1ll o hAt Ithe reo af thr4cuiliateos-,o h cus:ms,1m of course, 1 admilt Ill-s hu wov il tm heym[ci . m o er thamt umy be--aid that o icu ty a o b lly f i md Wh at mImi n Ilowev in amd temsae 1 eni they i re to g a i wh t mlwatimum('hy abhout wiheh I m v sttd I eas o f tol 1 d w h Imim hIm tho if opinomi t iu tm i m the o m himheartogtohm III (.yery umove th1ey thol--mcpe.d wvill frcth haofimmi.mmi to ho regulaited by a CmmnStltitl~l mil w elco ie to a provsonl which of are to use. m1mi11 persom ma l inblhhts vi 1m time Unitedi States States, if the-uatr dii y hiv s mind Immtheir t loll I lm t cm i mm of ressand of time ( mgr s . oi tm t t e im eir Umited S tates Com istiti * Con And c~m th ith t e i e S o o h 1m1imml molii t In I time emuuim lmmmmmiihi of Commmgrcs~l C one gtress e hmm itc iil i f t e e Ct ty mmtwo-tirds0, voe of. Co ftt Ivmm ~ got omit imxceh t, vte i eghhttium ofhumo -01 tni the (i ds e.I believe thmat tis counmtry ad thmm set ( r o mli rotIl(,u * oherquaterof ~meStaes hmull aiRha a vo of "mmdis t o mlm~ mm~g it or by th ex r ie o you 1011 th0 em mtr mZu e and lre tt immid str~ong III th Iis colil. Addit ionm,f time Umited l SateS, mmmiii is has hie omneP r.osperouis e pOo e(iffere t localitiesg i,~ v h pug siu t ItiI~pucess that Is4(:mimumh~'m ~~ dom~ u e a pi impl own h 5 am d m inhm hams wisely w aurned you, * ~~~~~ t Ier l mumimd tie u ta It Imay York f Itm Ummitemi yu L buIlm summy he wro i l inb n to da e Cstrotuitle tflo tlo cm~minding t imiieu it.A r' All hymmlt o the r s Amendmmento emmin cou nmtry shoiud tr anusfe amidwtor devtro a ltl setlfoit, vari ouis locm'mitle4 of this reserved Anto tenfre reemacnttmlmmlamem~mimtmgim he timit the formed this Umioni not mfreall I t which the States myhicli here in Waishigton, people wvod io eiVO miot lurevi III thme time puiwers t tie ,'eeril ovrnmentphysiological lawsl of time against this process will * t tmemsei'Ctrir to the biological And of if time Argments exercis e of thi li lmomve , N to this elo the exercise shiili g abuses of hMe f iu r n is h edbytl we wiloetstoterbaryn~nn t e m. It c - ca e of t o such ti e p o we r. i s ir e worl tit e w ould e by nbanrc i niig be c uis e t y o u h a v e these fi ac i l gtha W yex e r cii n ge siam ply prl mo r mmSUM-mmi s o fa A ves t o u la d b ffi ge n iiendfle ft a i by tte tr a d met f ut n e t lo n f th e. C on stitl- wvom n s ti ivi e t e amr trli uli- j d g iem it th e fra mers o t il n o rvill i odterp ca- t r . re s ti e n , i myI of otur people to violat thr ty.imtmuii to be the broad charter They lemitly strong to Intl.it of their party.l o toll designed that Instruiieitof out form Of government. s amiot te histor cal traditions n1mm natonal commn ilim v Ibete ne tm definition n tendig t hme Consttm - polici the last expressio ( tm nenet tim is e of t hme process of . ordi- Ar. t'residelt, P 'arties wvms opposed niev e c. A lot of pohice regulation lItpumhlIc a amid DeniOctuitle t exp rostted to lomthg of t e Ubed S a e . hoth lime p ol sir a ti on, thca t i ]leon t Pull. tltom 1 nmmh i . lite osiemt~ m ,tutI mmncto b ami a into tom go e nt i co m tm tt1 o ne mtio , tifter dm wylhlm the rum ls w hich s hmoiuld In solemnti natiolifil to time sever l Stmt c- e t ~m olice pow er mAd tr it r re ective subd~visions that ought to be left t Th y of t s om d y th s rl was at matter onm ufm~ , h y smiI The y in eatntse who Ier tohei afte approved the principle of0 h cinfteae.t, the Iha bn s of t h s pe oe ~fein m they loog iie people mwernre tot cain IS say 411,4ut nthe haisely tmoilitt could bet- came, it oughtb i thm fist lne to And hmstorcal traditions oftet e State gled s le 0y clmaepoimtiofl. habits, removed sections of lcrdyl ther e 1 s ot wh nich li o ow nmaffairs III the far o h ommrs , like ever o not beem musngeissime ter idi flnister their tradi n amihIea ilmo eduii Wvith their local sitting inthe othe watoiaidtlrlatime country, Amd ther fiuellhty thme counitry inI accordance by the tat Of A body Senator importance before lie would muot with (niumal thai he culd be Idmiisteredwi~sely thought that the istration; uponm whmich CO'alitgo They adaasingtnd to his tumit] is. ry , lie i cab es tIui'I lhme ity eebetter take o e the for oti s s tin) his Suh Crln iad liS olemu w ho elected and sicerity o e gum c lia l tr ol cabl t ri h t imterests of the people h a t s x mm ltS i with (11ui 1t fra n w ha t i C a f t i e than the Sen tor from fo they I Mile vo e l w as for the y restc respo sible in t Amed m ntr And~ ho e ih uu saym m wamdt I ubs ih "cm u o h New York,. and vice versa. I a e into adu the. o e nn 0 or the Senator f om Agree that time tu i fit o dobt.i r c s o s ol.o Co nnlecticut South Carolina will better un ir.ty'Prehaen oeti iglo t 11i 11c the Se namtors from fro nt try State are ifll this prcs os0mo mmt Newc~ York andmyself Mr. president,1 st i tmestit uis i ity mIn ty,0II%I teiitor from sort of haws are best ~daptedl ittiinlaed ue i (itCf co mstv u tndbrjmma state to this boy what n t h omftr by co co n stit utio n am l sli z e Or m1tlid to th niu the Senators fro ld b e n o a t a ll Of oicshummm frm rsetion of the country e re n o t so , th e re wo u goendb u rin se uc b e. If th a t w amne say that If timhepeetbeP le tceisuite beoiS WmCCC f r o States required to be i dail e haishold mbut hui Senators of the United here. mnmnti tlmenle'e hudhecmmtm they v l"Te Ii sense 1mmimavim they jretefld -to represent siry that the people amendiiie tit to w hich of the States which pI tis situation in this be time com stitu ional t th m. s he f resdemits Mr rsteit eIaecm y n o w l la g l to a1ha have the yoke i lmitd * ow nt, h ve ~ coim e mm be d the kum e And mu * Auu r O u r soute l ar el be au e thicy u atthirds"W miaItY utr n~ b oeth e pr sh ifl e afe liales b hut Vekmv ofem l c co n it ,b ur, o upontha fetlywel 90a or unreasouuil abu t to l m asig~er wmlw anything unfair lt o g pr i tbus beed n lockal o aifedwt to Indulge In alcoholic has subm itted t a t 0xtoite do otwat heNeg~O5 n her'States Aumed- both branches g t has bedeot(!mi to jam A prohibitioli o th Saes h , thoa n t oimnt o uike cmae here and ote nake other lI s tue the theory th twied subjct of the United States And from Congress on obstruct it and passitamuto10 mtito the Constttutio nl oibt simply o l or ml S t ts that tuni ed itte , w e.u v KIB.M.PeietsiC legislatures for their Action, tintotheolgihmmmImtmh Mr.s Po 1DI t T L In the c a r , hmn~terwr n l dind urelveS PCRE SI IN O FIC. (rsi en r. TMe. Yield tofhuenorfo various fegisimitures of the I tal Does the Senator from Connecticut Allnnstsout responsibility on to the t ity.I .4i nd 8n n1dges t myi ml 0ms r.B NDGEM. yes; I yield.Whcarofsmuhsueir o s muchtel su rion i arot arn ln and o s ' . pmr regard tim h ~ren th y im e ity h etur ea * o episOvIl nC IRB . oes thme Se nmator from byConnecticut 45 States as co ci- th nartyhssete .eihaim tO ~ I'. he rohbito amendment twotirds %eact, Ami Is any one Stat ta e ll a i lte * o optotiof a local and southern proposition? and deniands that a o e tatf th r a nt m siv evdene tatit is t as a volationl of thme principlevoted its judgment I p Mm'RANDGEE.I talking, reardand' I say that you Senators i A e Aus *. whch I a mi peemaie ~ eimit upon the States an o s f R ~e~r tht whiCh I regard as,an outrage t'11o to perpetrate wvheher aruetioforo bdfsie It does not make ny difference to contemlihilt od that do not want It. of New York, about.,taIt is not .a pleasant thming til %,tg Thme great Empire State ee a ~letimaGo wavesimmmii or 47 States wvanted it.people, does noIftti;i n eti 45withi about 10,000,000so; but because your SttsAati baniner, 03r. Chance to say h tyu o g t starr~y roighti t11mlmimio their States, yo"hn ((11c Sate w ntit for 0RU911thIl S ite Nvnt yu tinktntateytot1 othe moitl~~til en' i m Ii AndI mmci hohis111mm impo hismmmmi ako youri' I imchimlr,om L('mli I0 1m 1m theVtmni mvi hmoutCmstiml.omm s cminof th1e. mcmiI; rhtil~ 1111lc'pl:hmy Sitir1'41Is, lto imo thconsli mmmoiltm t funlmeaof Of ~me110mm I laeghobby. fslu- * l mIlmui limt I~mhlime111s rceSiltes uu iuii mm11mhuim 5-1 11 ~ECORD-SENATM.. 191. 'CONGRESSIONAL 11 621

lie runs like a. dog away from It and say.x,." I do not knowvany- to be: only nmendiable as to the fundamental matters of whilet thing about it; hirt there Is a cry Ii imy district that Ishallt not it treats-it never was supposed that that process would ho stand in the way of It * atul whito I'd not believe is it., while t resorted to to ncomplish these ulterior purpose.q. regret it, still it in coting'anyway; t do not want to tave any- -Now, to be brief, 'and in conclusion, I am shmply opposed to body say thant L did not vote for it, andi therefore L will' sitice it this anmnndlent becatise it deprives the States of this Union alongi on: to southnldy.isles"' ' of the power to fix the qualtficltoiis of their own electors who The S ate of the United States was not always composed' of are to vote for their own ofheers. I think they can do it, and A men of lt backbone and caliber and: virility.: ft the! dlays of to. it better than the Congress cn1 (o it. I ait oppos ed tq Calhoun nnd Webster and ChIy, Sentors of the United States this amendment beenuse it is not demanded by my Stnte. V were not too. Proud. to think nor too cowardly to stand for their do not take the view, that suffrage, whatever iany be its merits, convictions, Mr. Presidentr;. and. there are a few-tefthere to-day, can be. better determined by this Congress than it can be by I think. whoi mistaken. and old-fashioned as they may' hp ai-e the local States. actuated! by the sanie motived. which moved those gentlemett,. I believe that the grent majority of the women of this coun- and sit in the same Chamber, britithe the saie al,'and have. try are opposed. to. It. When it comes, of course, I know they been nurtured upon the same doctrints '' will exercise the franchise to the best of their ability. I do So if we are going on with this sort of thing, putting all not think it will make -much difference politilly. I sulppose' kinds of police reguitionls and ordininces into the Constitution the women will probably divide as their hilshiinds and fathers of the United States for God's sake let us amend the Constitu- and brothers do, and they will divide upon the issues tIht tire Oion of the United States so. that we can submit to the electors of presented to thein probably about as the men do. the States. the nmendments which we propose to the-Constitutlon, I have deplored from the beginning the (Iragging of poliiic Then we will not have, so many propositions foir constitutionlt into. this question. . I have regretted the unseenty and umidig. amendments; hut if we do, and they' are approved, the people, fifled haste of political managers to get themselves hi front then, will have no cause of conpliint. They have a cause of com- of this woman movement, to claim the credit of getting suffrage pilnt now, Mr. President, when we are prostituting the Cott- for the women. I, believe the women il vote os honestly as stittitlonm of' the Unlited States anti using it as a vehicle to ac- the mepi) nu as inteillgently as they can; perhaps they will voto complish indirectly the destruction of hoame rule andt local self- more Intelligently thnn the men do now. I do not look for government all the exercise of the finctions which have niade additional tiplifting and purity and the Instening of the free men it tills country. When. we now initiate a series of millenlunt by their participation. in politics. I think very likely acts and constitutional amendments which deat with the things. the better of them will soon become disgusted with their nso- that we men of New England have been used to dealing with in dates lit the polls, and the practical administration of political our town meetings, where we. carry our sovereignty under our affairs so far as the women are concerned, will he left in the own hats and take orders from nobody-when we put such pro.. hands of those who are less desirable to manage them; but vislons into the Constitutiot' at the behest of tile legislatuttes of' that is sinply lny opinion, and I hope I wilt be a false prophet our States, dominated and controlled, by a clerical lobby and lb that respect. other kinds of lobbies, highly fihanced by charitable and mis- Mr. President, I have said all I care to any. taken people all over the country, theft we are going to kill the. The PRESIDING O1FICER. The question Is on the amend. Amerlican spirit In this country unless we submit these ques-. ment of the Senator from Alabama [Mr. Uzoicnwooo]. tions to' the people themselves. Mr. WATSON. I suggest the absence of a quorum. rhis is a Government of the.people. for theipeoplei andby the The' PnRESIDING OFICER. .The Secretary will, call the: people, and they have a right toeny what is.goinginto.the Cott roll.' stitution of the United States. 'As'l' said the other dhy'.when: I -TeT Secretary called the roll, and the following Senators an- Introduced the proposed constitutional' aimendment which.I have, slivered to their naines now, I have provided that whenever Congress in the ronna emoot pending pint MNaryMeai ' ener future shall: think it wise it niny submit proposed atendments Ickhain Halo the States as-well as: to the legislatures of the liraodegee, Harding' -1- Moses t anley to. the electors' of Calder arIs Myrs ., , Sterlnd States or conventions to be called therein. Although that pro- Capper 1Harrison NeIon Suthrland Chamberla flo derson New swanson posed anmendlment has no relation, either to the prohibition N. Meci Newberry,'' 'Thomas amendment, and would Cuilbersont Jones, amendmnent or to the womantisuffrage unn 1n 3ns Wash worris 'I..i Trammell not affect them, because, if adopted, it will not be adopted until Curtis Kellogg Nngent Underwood after they have been acted. upon, I hope that the Senate will Dial ", Kendr ck ' Plan Wadsworth Dilingham 'alsh, Mn see the consistency and the loglc of the position: I take. If*we rde ;eysI Pittmnan Walsh, At are going to. dabble, in these local affairs, let us submit. them to. Eks Kin Poindexter Warren the people of the localities, and then we will have a contented, Fall Kir RanelL Watson Fernald . 1'Knox ,.*i need "Wl~m rsubmissive, and loyal support of such amendments, instead of La t olette Sheppard Wolcott having them the cause of dissension and disunion. in.. this. rance Lenroot, Sherman conitry. elinghuysen McCormick Smith, Ari. J ' MicKellar Smith, S. C.. There is another feature, Mr. President, that was called to our attention by' the great Senator from New York when. he Mr. UNDERWOOD.. I desire to announce the absence of my' Elihu. Rtoot-hud that Is colleague [Mr. BANgREADI on. account of illness; was a Member of this body-Senator have this: It is easy to conceive that by the process of amending The PRESIDING OFIICER. Seventy-three Senators. answered to their names. There is a quorum' present. the Constitution three-quarters of the State legislatures might the Senator from Idaho approve an anmendment, while: the other quarter of the. States: Mr. THOMAS. Mr. President,; until that are to be governed by it fire opposed to it. The. othe* [Sr.. BonAm] made his very interesting speech. yesterday, it had quarter to bo 'governed by- It against their will may- contabi. not beeri my purpose to take any part in this discussion; for t tile majority of the- wealth and the majority gf the 'people. of am as anxious as any one to reach a vote,. and thus finally dis- this country, and so. 'under the' boasted democracy and, home, pose of the subject, as it undoubtedly will be disposed of on this in this country you haire a occasion. I think, however, In. view of the argument submitted rule and Independent Government unquestionably ti- situation wherein the minority' of the voters and the. minority by the senior Senator from Idaho which of' the wealth of the country are imposing their wfill upion the pressed his' audidnce' as it did myself, something should be said ninjorIty of the people 'and' the majority of" the( wealth; and in repLy to one or two-of its'features&. ' a mino'rity of the people; and a minority of the' wealth repre . During its delivery I asked the Senator how he differentiated sented undet' that 'system can control the fianticial, policy of between his position at this time and that taken by him on the this country, levy taxes all, upon: one sectioi: of the country-,. occaslonrof his vote upon. the prohibition amendment; and his 4j and' arrange- the bills. so that one' section shall pay- all of, the,. explanaton, Lf'I correctly comprehended him, was that lnaqmiich taxes: practically.' It cani be done by scientific' jugglery..: I' do as 1i number of.the States had. adopted prohibition, and inafs- not' say that It will work- out in that way in every case, but much as it could not be made effective so long as other States it works. nearly enough that way to make it, as the that Serte- not having adopted it were permitted to manufacture nn1 lIn- most terrifyringi portent Port alcoholic liquors therein,- which neutralized prohibition,: It, tor from' -New York' suggested,: the and, that is: now. in: the sky against thre perpetuity of the Union of' being necessary to enable tie States to enforce their laws, American States; for one-quarter oftle. States. of. thi country:' Inlthe interest of local self-government, that the constitutional will: not continue td be' governed in- thgt way.. It was never' 4mendment providing for general prohibition should be sub- the intention -of the' fiamers: of' the Constitutions that they mLttedi to- the States for. ratification -or rejection,. the Senator slhould. They were supposed to be govetled by at majority of voted for the amendment. supposed to. have the' r. have no-doubt that thibreason was conclusive and controlling Congress, of course, but they were not the process of amendment of' the Constitution, which was supposed) with the Senator' from Idaho; but I atn unable to perceive UN 4, REOOR SBNATE. -. CONGRESSIONAL n- 622 1 ce oiclY uh ocl for a vote In favorofa fta oi wihjs2 0 h eateto rhbiIn On t o muflorendytots, foc t t u t i o nl w i t h r e s p le met P , r o p o s e d l g t h e C o n b t i l w h i c h e e t o t Iei e t i mr fa s ef lw iltlot e l o.tt t f Senator think that thi lle one of th e in 1. a i ~ l'tac n of tthe ichd'als ectshta subject wvh ch not the th e states than th e other, h c 'v qfrce of thatn1091(! t. i e o h d p i f f t eSault upon indsp bflfi gl e q ualitie f a rvcli to Ih t. t ' at th evitluble ch arac teristic s an d Sh l loll o lc w ainend t e mn t iln S w l e n- n e r lg St t Is he r ht o (lter ht wh Con ti tt tle I Wi e e i n t o s b i u y r f r n e t catio n f e ec~ s n Y ( Tht o Ihe s oa e Ibm in the State,.. d eter nilte t le qualif nt nec 1esary. p w r o e p e s Yo y n c 5~r w ith upon the right of at Sovereig Cener ituio n .li 1 h t ~ i nc d itti ctito 1 I l iue. o teleef~ o en e ta e es aryt h e i r 5 o v e r d l p o we r . needt~ S t a t e t o e x e r c i s e t nepcssary. e r a G o e n e n r u q ls o r l e e t o t h e ed IPihtIt, 1 (1 iot. l 0 acu righ t h p l i t a t e o, I Mr H M S on," Mr. rn inaina hs rtoti yu pc One. it could be mtade, as to a othe al el im t rguillet b~e a1 sbt diltintia ith rto Pro- tIttil t e S a e ay no0w , Subject p if the hed nale aaistevrya etid mleltN d p e or r jIell1'iu alh~ h ai(al i t~ fe e i e, e~ thnkithat tu i ga s w e er * utfrag , exercise w ithll' nt ""o po ed to th U~u h l form ng to gardlil g are concer ( ,(. W~ e had f wheU nte r a tes, w as national1 electiolts fli C I e t inY t he . C n tit le he l c~it oll i th i li so far ls e ac e i y igte 5 heray in of' req l e tUite tt es f a law upon th e statute bo w hich at al l ec ilflS w the .naciitie y an C o f th e U nited tim e d o c d o tany years tinder t0 othe- re ui em n sttftit ,d~ g i e t le y o f Ithed- a( l i n ma y nd i t i s tit t ior Of l1 11s1ho1 9t e n t r n i a c i f in g 11 v l1 -1t p l e it e o f t h a t mi - n a i1 11ol a tion at s i t y - i 1t i e o p i n %io n S ando l serl igtor l It VA Ierettdiih i f 1 1 1 1 y o ile ) ' o f n e c s t1011 wai t h lldt of n u e v s r. I a m att er , r to mcethe fuldlikient l 0111nge. United States marshalo r of thgeSe,, jo aity r ith isu pleas tle States or iter- by prtonwewra td inrso nt h fa eqCIu pond t h rI ht o luTc . Whither ll it en r self-gov('r it w ithin the , po er o ~ri~tti.or abolishes local but It %vnHa law , nevertheleSS, ee g '5ti c;r r feeswih loal 5~fg~ t f, an , i t y j dg et h s to do so, to enact. na m uc etiesas tte o so o that tl t e tly ratcal ( 1ugo e lile a ih lpw ro h if it aw fit rsdatathymyseftcotatyarwigrdceaigninher, ntdlee tr %nen nothng o do wit th on titto l cndlcat 1( pepe Oateid herogn a atrnf lc o f thi the 5 qu g ar[o, nt in 111e111 lit l C I oihItit t and tngres sarwfit g to d so, tightand ot rol thosei elections.. te p rviw o ou po ers ifco nmn)ak hreo s rnote to o coure, o n tio al egilaton itl t o n Pooe y th rpsdam president, n wheter ta e witt al amend stieliti a a rino ' t lfe and l~ tMr n for tre an Il be. no " vlu t untilngctnst1tu l tte eta te y bu"a ully se appi n tha aru e th s of the ocl ai sl Senae an oue of othe States votin thereon - II thobuc tier( tacticsntl lnfore'l by a tw-theird majrit sbet for thatIn sp ie of it c co th guth e p rbto amndent fo re SOt ih 'yr lo it g majtolt os r.hbt l pres d tien o rs to o nghi s me d fitn h to frof a dc t he a n tt enc by leg al o ~ re er of r c o t e nt ta e s c are in than th t e n a dthey of~ l belaterfe e 0 n a t by pepl gnificehe a t e nc of te fatil b l l ne wih inie p ur vio s her the Tro e d c an e , no mr si o no ati ulrstc- the~ V~h.K 0Y td go d o ant e r ps e d w Pru te take wilh cnile no e Stat 111ti tsla pr i, r iied a nst t vote ,f r h r -ald Nai nl aectdm en effeb ctually tiopyng th t co ury. g n ic o ~f go rl an the unilrohbsti o t imreenthe S pe e ou tiof the ren.e a osruci tab t 1 o Seidt a hnk ha ato s tha I rear.tesivodfen asie 1(10n w notee believ ssloca aonsiutoaity of the la.th r y whichsbin laeitiety n d preanteddone. d b uta i tw h erd h S n tr fo d h o efgd ane vrl 1 r i tn of ti tesorc o cdn th ru eaintane t o fis eas s ile ov r h g11111crte th oe r, iht e plctohiitin ittik i il b ie ty allfa o nleveeodhe c ofthe(nadIt-o le Prets ouen , o ere nt whe a re bdy anld s ame ndm t hic fer b le e t a s t e o l r c i l ao re th fo rs of sthe rationa C hs rg lt o f courset ti art wol e aa subect under ce whro tcud m k re oe whoiegrdStti ma ter pusn a tnd titt o lat en as e eti al. thpee ofedm n n t hose vt c ti na samleg obeto ote cnvsi ron knifiateienc wfil cas t er jti s pbertfin tertofere te ery ch le r foore soig ati clad isee- t o w Sn ato wi h n ito s u onfuitnca tion e cniir unde id r pr vsi n cou l con codii to terc romb tien t tl i rs i CabbKyn realll o a mhrs ewend d a gatinstie as tey a llu of the countrywuiics hadl t cas t i ts t g i h prohibiti med ent u y th ron then peopl all, i le 'ti op osffi fIfl ht hal aty local l si -orngenr oe r etutIatual oudesad Faky a r. a revot e one, a rua end et Schl fetedh itho loal i effge favo rab emvoe forth o nie and 1 shoul vote bgeliheaatri'tione. the ogic which ju ti e il ih a fred, thee intellirs wh chgenceit and fo th nery, lcal Therf n s a efetionnit upo epbialasisdei nldI amin as mh co cre l conclI 1 prcslyt o his countrye catehev n ed from Idaho. tofwmnidAsDocasnds nga partesctey ill actherefter Stoern e tasny lv r iS avr ystrdy b t enator - o erbo th f th e afar t-cs * tatwassad n and caabelfca 1hreoo e d ndentiti rmihs1 h atn glad t ehsbco es vnt tta e n asteyhveatd te affir whrth I r appic i odIfel am an as,th ey havile a rct i piont ofta i sm hjoady as at r eseinl theirs prevailed.le arirn the, fnd f his P(.fc toutn i tsai atrightl ovheoleto mee wh at ithatfsteo Ift islargely th u ne the reOcti pastl no cthir ow nmpient, o l y pfg rcti nt ionseAerca and evera co it his anreg lateon u be t e lpincie ofa lSt Subjs ecrti separae nwlfr may be s i to tho eae tbllg at teas y i et wl forC~ t r cowl dneire n of d th p ople because they tate * ~ Oa ih the waon l fern t, anei largely at. tall tnesnd riigespectediarl. in thempltoca t nlne iena amfe n~dment bjeion t o h cns i llat retinent to r eng o eno ritceah cl a s pr~ r j s th e eithe r cin cti o rs tpo n If tho ssid omed. t r fo Id h . u , or dn, rh v en u l o d on twl ae t tr i by r th e s e , should p ccn re asoim e afrid thney arise so a re dlynt icd prce ii hown h ame men t t pn tons continue defate or tvheie it~ Preid nt I m a le raicton c afet l hther l th a etditbe g 4~ it eco eefec ie tog prohibi frnc, e furty etieal tally t infcll smerall, ult ndve ment whiln th atrgadn rn e friedisiuin Wne mstco hlangoa sl.o ipenl o P~local s me wil fovhoihtouit, ar octiid rto l hod in thsp o ntry h instedtof it tionaffa cetilI a l uease es t hillbeco e d trdtonb loctl his peronl to ado th ernn t ghlt t l be. or to ctll e fa orl te frh fthe fact, as it h oeeld vo ue that l ieh ay stsaeies r ig tu ate ofa cer and maoe eyed mrtfe u jc for t00eiother.ov Mr. lresdeat forf the la l* satn be hn ,iv ifntoy * .. erty oflctal lg rdi ien t tat, th thh f ufa e c age its b iareftion n t pow es 5 nien ot at, but se rt. fu d mwtly 0 tonmedone a lmig .i thaaffectsan cra b ae os retotcu edS foratid th i eto aerc al ei rsth ty dtlOr di' eC9 it favo yesterdachapm bytieSeoe aproa n theb ooftile a or Fe e a-ap fi rs w e r e pt frathose .vc In vent t mud h nted InState . said h v ct d h r t ftr * . me i f a lY h th at t he ti m e or p a e h ytre id n t ne e in ' d m n aly ni rmeit y ThisM r.1is frINl. Mr.i hi he r e up n t e S aeauIsaln tdtiitm 'I s had' been t presen xldn~ ullcdtne. d iC md pW a t. pin cijust a n . aan lln n m rt a ito h aius )l l f Mr. a T gOM ws tand i n thnejeprohbiio it i the i be lep dgt. ~vhti he vot fr i n t il eaus e to b ele i had z n t e ven dne ti tle tu~ l h- v vote r c oenm ent a now fe lt r t Is . a t S nGe t MndIPrud h v r s e t d t at i s ifisat tinc ah i w efg v r en onbs ere of y St t Te 10 it, shal obsrv them d a Sae lw td reen of lpti the pve a sthvgedh ation Snto trontsferringde o ii l intide. t -10 whic1h h e Din n t it tescape o l aWa d tito N . I o wnOInif wh ar ivhilt e BEm o t he Pii en op l e l thei' *' hel a d o ns~ .11im, ihe sIrc~deire O dh iiI l fl ld idlddld'd -(II'eto right ah~right vr o,,0(i l oll p~o - . I

1919. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE. 623

tection of the Individual Hi his fundamental rights in the States have the effect to bring the Constitution into disrepute with tle. can only he secured, and sometimes not then, by Federal Inter. people of this country, I could not IIlp hutt think of an feren instance I remembered from awny hfck yonder in the days of Mr. ItMED. Mr. President, it it will not interrupt the Sen- my youth when I used to read tihe Scriptires more than I do ator, does lie think the Federal Government has afforded any now. I want to read it here now. Thin him rrference to the better protection against the great aggregations of capital than time when Paul was in Asia, and had pretclhed over there, and the States? .- , his preaching had caused the people of that country to quit Aifr. THOMAS. I do not think it has done so but that does worshipping idols. Here is the Biblical account of it: soundness of my proposition. For a certain man named Demetrius, A silversmith, which mnde ilver not affect the shrines for Diana, brou lht no fumail gain unto the craftsmnen Mr. IU0ND. I am not questioning that at All. Wham o a d , her Itb tth workmen of ikoccupation, and Mr. THOMAS. My proposition Is that the States are passing said Sirs, ye know that by this craft we have our wealth. I think they M'or over yo Fee and hear, that not alone at IEphesuq but almost on this duty to the Federal Government, which throu lout Aia this Paul hath persunier And turned Away much could more effectively erform If they would do it themselves. people, sayIng that they be no ands, whith tire made by linnd: Mr. REED. I agree with the Senator in that. ,o0 that not only th our craft is In danngr to le set at nought, but Mr. THOMAS. To-day, Mr. Prosident, we are confronted with also that the temple of the great goddess Inna should he dvsplst, And her in ntIcence should be destroyed, whon all Asia and the world a measure which clamored for recognition at the last Congress, worshi peth. which proposes that the Stntes shall release themselves from And when they honed these sayin s, they were full of wrath, and still another burden and require the Government of the United cried out, anyin , rent in Diana of the phlens. ': assume the duty and bear the expense of educating And the whole ity was filled with confusion- ' Stntes to . the people of the country. If there is a phase of the duty of local And so on. self-government more obligatory than any other, it is that of the The adoption of the amendment to the Constitution, coi- State to edctate its citizens and to assume the filancial obilga- plained of by the Senator from New York, Interfered with tihe tions' necessary to effectuate that great obligation. Yet Mem- business of those engaged in this prohibited trtillc, a.s (ild lhe ef?' bers of this body during the expiring days of the last session preaching of Paul In ancient days with the sale of images of lhe and since the corinencomeft.of this one have been deluged with idol bly Demetrius and his fellow craftsmen. letters nid petitions from associations and individuals from There existed in this country a kind of biusiness that had one and of the country to the other urging them to support the Government support, a kind of husiness that had debauiched the measure creating a new cabinet department and clothing the people of the United States of America; that was entrenched Federal Government with the duty and authority of educating with speclal privileges; that the people of this country said the children of the country. had existed too long; that such business should be destroyed. Mr. KING. Mr. President, wili the Senitor yield for a ques- The sentiment began to grow in the States, in the counties, in tion? the towns, in the citie.s, and finally it impressed the Congress Mr. THOMAS. I have no doubt It will pass, because it of the United States. The people said, " We want the Constttu- brings Federal money into the various districts of the country, tion amended to abolish and destroy this system that has grown landthat is unfortunately ,rogarded as a cure-all for every up, this special privilege, in which the Government had given suhject of publi discontent. the privilege to certain people to debauch with the liquor trnf- I yield to the Selnator from Utah. fic the other people of the country and call it business. We Mr. KING. Has it not been the experience of the Senator want it destroyed. We want it destroyed forever, eftectually from Colorado that many of the movements which look. to the and finally, and it must be done by writing an amendment into extension of the activities of the Federal Government into the the Constitution of our Nation." How did the people proceed to States, and to that extent a destruction of the States, emanate do this? from Federal employees who want to extend their authority and Sentiment crystallized. It spread and extended throughout aggrandize the Federal Government increase their compensation, the country, and it demanded to be voiced here, and 'that the and extend their opportunities into the States, and to that extent opportunity be given for the States to ratify the amendment diminish the powers of the States? that should be proposed. They proceeded with the amendment Mr. THOMAS. Oh, Air. President, there is no question that through the Congress of the United States, according to the Federal employees, who are now organized, seem to indicatb a rules laid down by the Constitution. It came here from these desire to encourage every movement that increases the number representatives of the people everywhere. Then it was pro- of Federal employees and extends the activities of the Federal posed by Congress, two-thirds of the Members voting for it. Government. That is one of the beauties of civil service in its It was submitted to the States of the Union, and 45 of the 48 ultimate stages of development. States of the Union voted for it overwhelmingly, according to. But, Mr. President, I do' not think it would be fair to place the rules laid down for adopting amendments to the Constl- all these measures upon one class of people. Every city in tihe tution. United. States, every community, incorporated or unincorporated, *And now the Senator from Connecticut-comes upon the floor so far as I know, sooner or later comes clamoring to Congress and says it was in effect a willful interference with.the rights for appropriations for the accomplishment of things that ought of the people of the other States, dte to the desire and prefer- to be done at home, and to say that a Federal amendment strik- once of the South. That is the sort of idea he has nbout it. ing out the distinction of sex in the matter of suffi-age is a The Senator from New York, because the liquor interests' gain fundamental blow at iocal self-government in the face of these has been taken from them, because they have stirred up this conditions is to assume a position which I do not believe can be confusion or attempted to, because they have attempted to sustained either by reason or by logic, as it certainly can not bring the Constitution of the'United States into disrepute orr ." be by precedent. account of their gain having been affected, says now you ought -I hope and believe that the good women of this country, who to be careful about adopting this proposed amendment lest you In my State study and therefore understand political questions increase that sort of feeling, lest you cause it to spread through. quite ns vell as, if not better than, th average man, who regard out the country. The saloon people and the liquor traflic do their enfranchisement not as the grant of a privilege, but as the not appear to recognize that the world has progressed. They imposition of a public duty, will be a powerful aid in the seem to be in the attitude of the man who stood still; and yet restoration as well as the preservation of local self-government they have-learned a little; I judge, from the procedure heretofore and not become a mere numerical addition to our electoral fran- of people who have been opposed, to the traic. chise whose influence and. whose puwer will be extended in The other day in Baltimore they attempted to have a great some other and less laudable, direction. parade, and the papers announced that the antiprohibition com- Mr. KIRBY. Mr. President, I had not intended to speak on mittee would regard all'keepers of saloons as traitors to the this question, and shall do so but briefly. My remarks are cause who refused to 'close their saloons during the three -or chiefly .provoked by the statements of the Senator from New four-hours in which the parade was expected to march. They York [Mr. WADEWORTH] and the Senator from Connecticut learned that they themselves could not even have a parnde and t. [Mr. BRANDGMEI that the action of this Congress and the action denonstration without closing the saloons, the agencies that all 1 of the. people of the 45 States in the adoption of the prohibition the people have insisted shall be closed' for all time. ' ' amendment has a tendency to bring the Congress into disrepute The Senator from New York thinks we will bring the Con-' has a tendency to ma.lce the people have less regard and respect stitution Into disrepute by adopting an amendment as-provided for the Constitution. . in the Constitution. ' II I ' ' ' ' ' When I heard the statement of the Senator from Ne York The Senator from Alabama [Mr. UNDERnwoon] has offered this that there were many men -in the United States who 'alreddy amendment, and he has offered it not to improve the condition now feel aggrieved because of the prohibition amendment to but in the hope of defeating the resolution.' He is an enemy to. the Constitution, and that they are proceeding to -avoid or the eduse. He is not in favor of the proposition of permitting evade the offect of this amndment, and that such action would women to vote. He makes no concealment of that fact. He J U N v 4:), XT A r V I i, til rat, I,(:, tiSS orNA the1(~~ I. ue r j~ ci l hal l p1118. 1p111011 tlca i l o a or o It 10 . TO solo purpose tti i m~ ~i fm n 624 ot h ei i uv r f it. ie i no i c.4rana sayc h t.4t attills tinintidito.hi0O li s for theeli InpfS ofur th nf a to hlp It- the6 amcndtiielt. int41hic. h on he nh~C n I not rciia o eetn of 1111A~~~i a ed et TeSntrfo oil iy on of t hec proili(nni IM!do'e" No other r th ican i" oco fs el re 1hih h11H 1 nciiie lt ht istI inrdu e eYJcnve the r ' 'ii OWhy'1 t~iofh f taeUte S ta di no e et n % snhi tnile theto con-ititoollve e e sure. . every State In t e U i Ofhesll hie ever 17 111 elliailn~linl tte d n er t o 11 Iilestiofl that nnin en t iwo~nt n In e r av ilte o c I can he Or oio te sohietver iisse e b een ratil ai elCticul t ell tos h e olbto e it convention for the thetl ift"all aheretoforeII ta t I~ t the (1i*1 hte. tin wy so l tb n thsMogC5 hno re that ,1rtheye~ Ier tt, asd tb proposebit h e bh eaope ~ e eahineh~Mr no has nsOlnovr hecl done whyCti~i Shit hyoruld t this ~ ~an tho hto prpsdYad8tati Itself to t nhi 1nyr te byt oew o lit it narrowst bco ie sHlordl nikii in rede~C onet of the issu es, iil i i itoht) on111,01 ald"ent t e ta e of thus, being l CI t " I n.Y 1 ) ( 1,i 9 t i iWti o. n tills i 5101 not be one. S t a ttoer O t t e t o o i i r i s oe i ll y l e c~1-tA 11nrc its frkId5? S hY I th o f r t h InUi malyreslit~ t h e ~~ pn o p ld Sae e rti l i att ". e n d . M t h e I neII[IIlel. a r e l i qh hr~ i Is.~i i ~t I ~sdfe ha~ n ~h o ti e r"a i l o f th h i o Ir e t e v i w b u t V ii i n l l h o t e a o n t i s u is(1 0 fo ~ n r e i r s h f f lt s h i e ~ lin t f convcitii iC~h~ito h a v e ~ ~t e n v e r f egtt nint f ther O iittl"~ c o c it n NNi I f ~anr in r c o ii i l h t" . r o the e op~ilte , the ie l C t ol s I oivtioiiiii1iis i t ht tent the , t i -K ~ y v teto u niene y n e Votf th theii pVieawo r Pi d aboutiCC~ tte il-. tuel int ( It (,. * Sdesvoe. th T hit I ' i j ji y wl o e OVef i~ t orhIl' ( iiM C is preStates.1 the ni opular theiri a onLthe ilil of1h I hi iilg e S ta e l eid lt ,vbI lll kis alp~ l I In the cl i ill~ iof oa it.re1 t e e l f~ o f i t il soh e p Iirt o os d pieofil y h s a l e i inv ofth i ldoith f nei i the C ti I t i si n ure r i wt tin 'tle hn to i l i t l q th e o i tl IlstIlll101;.f aordttI C s e y t i toUtis (!iti Vol 'y Iia u r dalnt is t MItOf **cl y o u the ll that the o iii ith of,pe o ra Am 1eC d s i io a tha pen otn -eiI td o p a vh o nl y wit 1 1 . , to id i w o hl~d i t e ~ i~s,~~~ ei5 the -oie o the kt M~ Mr i th e i Ie d n foiO i Irn h * o leiav ru esno pio fur Aeiinie ihii e md , o l b i h i i r . WMI i ~ f We are 0he finil ( 'u.Ytaiythed we i ll h e a g i i e i tth y h v in, 0lI ti le. A Pab ulaehul tr a1isap rsuxrlr~i~ny I ic iW f rh r amdl en s t th Ctupestattepro onsiu 1:1i l g s a t ~ I vot t weh v no11own Costtuio in upfh th~le i e o * ~ ~ to mendter is ma d fo0 we nolected01 the pepec~ nno 1b1tuse h es th le l t C o s iu i o n leg11 N tI ile s tyr toildn in s ,a t .e la i d o w w to ,be theiocow son( of180 met(I' 0 ~lS~ao ~ ldioe~ ~ieCat h uc ~'w Oe opatiiren tslce t ht e ofIba seeni wn ~ ~ ~ ~ oW it w os d th ue I jiip (lolili: hill: t . 1 r flA El0~ avlhdnd t he bleoe tu purpose ofIwn p s It.lig h l illciu ~ 'Itin ncoringto *f by peopl~ot e fo he l Sienao fCi Con114 1eo o ~ ien h talkei bo ut thoe lhetili v. liouragCr 4h1soo,11 urte o oj th is ue It ti e(, greati aIiit and ft grea4 . ' lT' f N-01iis hel N ti mes t nl t e I e s the-~c~t agai elcti e P Be o. Ar.e rei cah u a il Seiit r ofll at the e Snatto. in a te th e y a n h a t K t h to th jSeiih'Ltl( II too tl eow n o i th "lo ildhe--olltititl~n h y w r ~ o r tillll o t 1 1t h tle ppultr~wi heOf ti o ll? LOI t re eiid i~ li e d a y rountys t e l tieon s a S ena tor f o I A rkllisli t diI1tt g e h niM s u i y e d D.t hI1' se lt ta te Ics hr e t~ olisa11ret, C ent ? o tit lie is th o e loyal1wh 19r Mr. hEEL b e Wtl t t hm t er n e J au lrges tdyi t l h nil iiol V w e the I ILte i Iraeo t lth Sn i1tr h~ th a t o wo uldo i i I t hY ' l i e i et: i u h l n l t o f uh r e ~ o e oor ei oa b eNuVM. .4eec oe t nle e t f 1 1 1 0 ( i t l ~ a i d t e y o r h at v e ali r e g Is t l r e4 s o ] t hi i 5j t O h o n t y I i t to-t eya.hllat tf thii t Rsa fte t e v e ma k g e l l ! i e e cont ituh ire wh1ch to ris uh a f roll n we are com~ ~Iolted e pstres thathhifl upon av lred stat Is the cpnditloii hIs ev rhcllrp th i w tidi a ao'swerl theSentR. 'runt t t e nt tot ContitutionfvrnsD Ire , no futher amendmien d t eipr ooe ti.w tn to 1N l erhuul aetiiveleI ina schavey as it ris tedltoe p01lare s e i WCvhitot oele th whlvteOeusto.antfyu for hilil. ae ,le y l ead e of t moe et n p rttsileoprO~l toe who have~l b he h a t t e n w p e r I llC e e *tileiwa hepe Theyt ers ttove fob hspriua y fo r or o osd t and ele ted the se eI t ti e o th e pe op e txto ung eion ge r e r se oII tiO g r a p alhPerof' n l c i i g t h w as' e el h tha t tw o f h eiltrx fur isusd conceruied.I tnowt prctc ofI th eoSta e fof t ex o c iltlil th e Pa li o utuar l n tM r. t s i e h a lr e a d y i tv wh at th e ne t r f omS b e in t h e t bu t ho n h i sef w A sil tove s tilla y s t e e t o S s b o p l r o e e dwlh rtyan-it h e Se n a t o r h t t e f e x de st an , t eto mj h a, s d t i s t h a f t h h as d ef ate 5 re I a b i i t h o n r i l l Y Io i l c n i i n u d avh ich i ihe pulto i ls of u iZ e (I L 3 s i n c ea v t "1 . 1 th esue ieis l s nd (, tht j n,ji Ifh re- nearlySoNweo 30,0. ma a ell ndet h a iid a n t isn th as hal haveco ,e bee o hdeieus the to do Aric erithi in l li e s W h re isthe harm ;h i n n St i ea ur e tI th e p o til nln * i becaa s to oehl orpopl jud men pr p Itd Inu r a nyc h t oa 111 fter e ir blttheir h11ir toa k ee p fro msi ub h ittti t voe ,e so lu Ii oal cnio nsI and loudatrlylu10-8111,1,1 ighevtein t ie en of qusl Sthtafc prp n n s ~ Ihifl th t feiv mouths~c itt e et tle wvhohi a end Ali. ofl these docrin tha t heh grgo eihl od y a a h l g th i elie alrepte ts ue . I it e t, no good re so ureIee pet o say, anyhigrks the c tysalI o t iel toddy do te. Idi 50nt except e for hose rem o f n a he fe to ta fte t i lit * . houd otbe av done ites Ithiy tHpeopie e S entor1, to-dayo metand jvld o t n the th eselv h e ;w')MIs ~ do pro pog iee t' b i v Yr" o rk M. A.oU the n amea d et th i S eno frm el Ol that provoked It. ar on Vote n.Ito froll('Inrll fr m o ncut oi.B~ A only fewfl O.1([M r. Ul4ontenity tor hav t econveintI Se at r Mr. resi~efl, words I~l bam the 0 pport e l me mb e w r o Mr. therSenator from Arkansashleast, c si t ut1 e D t h willIL e n itholO O in tre to what e l a mopo s e d o t h is meey 0hvt [lyn of th *ha e s n h a t Oc o r e I an delay unes th delayo I have gpiei s t o u e C u siti o n,a te egtiitg ut nfteeal er~a or in r mSeh to t 1 rii ius d lsaidp~ e hav brpoeenfo th t a st atied by the T h as~ oit tte u sin. t eam edmentoi Itd''uhdi hsmvlet el htpoeLidt )1hve t i r e pe ll el fe All~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~o thos leslatures h av i ng be e n b e e t , f or alf olirll f r n t o . cals i ledh a Ov aut t n at,111, h l Imt i s e b e t t r i f tile i hepl it0 moveetme ae t ne ts p ute r osel la s tures . Ih i adw pin hi c hord elected o re ro etit popular se a t i Ov a t i n h e d e s tir il r a n o t ) il hn t oxilC s a y t h a 0 t h i s e i s n o v r me rt th \o la rw I ei110CC111 T hli e i , Se a o r l lin es o f th ee Con- g i woIf Texis afr Ile opl e sonA tad o ptd an th e a ar ondUmr0oft eS ae p u rto she th is ae amealngo 'miilltn a"'oi,h st i lotey myI11 alreadyefl is ~ ct~i o f t Ih r atesyiofhs thaciis n e mjoin rie d an innovationCaesolutitrete i t1Sn t r f o01 e ; o o h u p s flit, .u It wh t tolet the peep i t oIN al wit the1 a vot le s fort de e tates iihllci t l i~l .o m ds s et beIn tirel jongre55 ca t niSt ty o ceas ay p p cndersa ti e inp rn of mniletoih ec silS ou iee.I ,iv li e und e r the tha wilt ebht aId us' "md h t i,,dsatui e lor o the ro nt e t d o Is1( it h reo wstit y't d v i t i h 1 0 i sl l c om

1I'l it.,t sPhiI W, It, " '(" o~(~ j~40 625 SSIONAL RECOR1D-SENATE. 19 .CONGRE the Sen. if that Is traie-aild it is-then why does t ? otherwise? case and Insist on ain innovalton?j Mr.i~N(.r.1'estl~i, wllth Sna~ryil~ MIS- ator w I jo oppose It in tis r ~ept.De ~ 1)( h ea~ .'tSf1Nfrom- r. REED. Now, Mr. President- ouTheh The~to1XI tAieao~ fo th STANLEY. Mr. President- sourSnatr y~ld frni o tie tft? Mr. MIS"", Thle PRISIbUNT pro temnpore. Does the Scinatorfroin I Yield. oteSntrfo etcy Mri. RiEN'D. privileged to hiear~ all of the do- stdy~~ Atr/KINfl. I tiav( not been I am tli,1EED1. I yield. ettoh tn. thq resolution und~er discuission, and tile(questionl1 Mr.SAN Y.Ihatotfrthaen bante upion In the debate. Thle think, however, to asi1c may have beeni fully ainswered permitting women to vote.. I (10 not al~ nbo'it submit to tile Senator Is this: TO stitutioti heSntrfomAlnsl (r question which I desire to thle Co taihltaee-o ato feesrily IranashallKn valid reasonl why the question of amending thaetirel wtarrmentedfthe there nny niedStates, as contemplated In teresolution State or of any other State of stiutonf he vote to deprive the people of nay shiall thete- Iote cobmittetonvteo s the their opinion on the subject. I peoplbefor the Seate? Fhorslf, igh to the right to express the Senator from for dyslifg the popletttte for the amendment proposed by pepledoI thenStae?. Ther peo thestight bto fore Vote [Mr. UNDRIMWO0n]. I11tie nrooseraon orenyin osito uetion britl Alabaman there are now pending two epics- ameed thle proposed amenuendt t her Mr. REED. Air. President, thein Wotpo wha thmei~lfieit prpos~l t th Costiutinmterall been propounldedi to me.. I want to nimwv~r anti commits to the tions which have Thle questiltI wits pro- the framnework of our organic laW In the order in which they wvere asked. htrtsu a Schauages which now belongs to, the States' eao rn thEr Crn no Federlal Governmenht authority thle powera and puidb h tromth peple oathetat es n taooedlhineilnient Is a limitation upton rights beendned t for enying The liketi'sc is a restriction upon the with reference to 1hi4 ntittl- rihso the States, and tunity to express their desires rviiso I. Tof rivthemo nyd bthe that I have to say that theo only ofig thpolt wih theyStaes.d mby the meat? In answering not been here during lte. u'n t eh y seofrighs nowte.ItyI have heard. advanced-but I have Senator fo erit tatsn inic g tvertieriof mtter Seafr I mayul) the one brought forward lby the patdond fother ocpyis telSenato,wol tire debaite-was It would work delaly, and orcf furthser IocupyInte to inteof Arkatastis [Mr. KTny], wvhich was thatat rpsdt eprU~usn paIIe ~ ~ ~~~~pnosttbcueIonoitedtdicsthsqstio n, that hsfrhrrao httemtohtteiehdnwpooe ob like~~my ~ judgment~ ~ to approve of thle latomendsuffrage hsfrhrrao conl- I coln not bring of theo United States to grant woman that has been pursued in adotlig ali othier thle (1ons~ttitltiott WVhile I have for many years; Is thle method throu'gh (te FedeIral Government. advocated stitutnil amendments. hve itbelevelt wnia sufraeand ear~nestly t e h ideaqcuqI bee In naetr frstonsAropan.wihbaed hc ebae h diIhv wvomen to Vote, and urged tant the Scntrfo rass within nay State thle. right of have thle samte polita rights lay him, namely, Is It tnt true the State constitution they should areyI resed as coining front have beent subh- etertained tile viewv thalt the qjuestioni or anmendnments to the Conttitutiont * asu~un,Itve lwas themselves. This hasg tanI which It Is proiposed to sn11itit this for the States to determine for mnitted in the same inatnel' In to bhic Conl- was one and those who believed lin our nt? Ali of the late amendmients lacen thle view of all Democrats to overturn the peladIng anten whether alwaySs tltat has rhe proposition now is hiavebeen so submitted; but sanie little form of governmnent: and to further Intrench stittition not prepared to say. I confess to held sacred fbir so many years, rights of the been the rule I am I can not answer with lariua10iples of the States and the reserved 1mbrrftssmnttt when I must say that upon thle prerogatives alone have . of Government the States . people. Under our form If States crany AA thle right to determine the qualifications of electors. Mr!IRBY. 'They all have been. and determine their own hn hyalhv en iln '' onstiinc be de- Mir. REED. a third question- affairs, tis Republic wvill soon Iresident, the Senator asked mne douuuu'stiC and Internal States of the Union,"I Now ~r. method followed here? We often speak of the"1 sovereign til Wlsiouldl there be a different the Senator strayed. the United States has referred to Montana. Mr. President, before lnd tieSupreme Court of attributes Mir. WALSH of to mue? One of the Indispensable leaves that p~oint wvill he yield States as 11Indestructible." to deternmine who shall )told Does the Senator from MIS of State sovereignty Is the powver SThie.0PESIDENT pro temipore. Is ain official, and therefore to the Senator from Montana? omlce wvithin the State. An elector deprive the States soaiyed ain office within the State. To an Mir. REED. I yield. an elector holds vote and wh o shall hold ofrne s I want to say to the Senatoi of thleright to'a~fy who shialt. Mr. WALSH of Montana. Jiln and b: It seems to me that tis w~e hanve been ndnainishied by of the rights of the State. which, front Missouri that the fathers aind t, nbrinlgmtelt along the lhiies of centralization, to remember the teachings of proposed amenulitent Is However, I other Senators tiheir practices and thati lead to'disastrous consequences. and govern our actions by It persisted In, will unable to vote in liar- guide upon the adoption of the ColistititO the 'anforturjate situation of being teachings. Immediately when the mecthia amnlin I represent, In part, a sovereign at least 10 anmendnments submaitted na omu wvith my convictions. the people of my State there wvere might very properly have lace and the mandate'of mny party and the was new. Those amendments for there wvas Stote; submission of anl amendment to a convention called in eacit State, acquiires that I vote for the It Is a matter of submitted to my recollectiont Is that the fathem providintg for woman suffrage. large number of thenm; but thtat systeli ii Constitution I amn compelled to support a proposl- systemn. We have followed huue.,re regret to meo that conceptions of the chose the other not the Senator think thi which is so repugnant; to my variably down to this time. Does so? dl by try vote the rights of the people them- why *.ve should continue to (10 rights of the States, and, indeed, precedent and a that Is a geood reason first let me ainswer ti which will prove to be a dangerous Mr. REi'ED. Well, Mir. President, Channib selves, and welfare of this Nation. How- I have frequently said In thtis t IIlit gnenacem to tile peace and have sub- Senaitor's statement. of the framers of oi con propound thle question which I great regard for the wisdom ever, I ro mecrely to question so ably dis- tltat I have not believe that those policies the Senator, and itot to argue the Constitution and thtat I did wviih i 5 m1hte to Missouri. they hand Inatigurated and uinder Clsed by thle Senator from was the one ad- government which we have becomec the greatc The only reason I have heardl lived and by virtue of which light Mir. REED. [Mr. Kinny], who, ats I had to be disregarded and.treated ~a-nccd by the Senator from Arkalisas nation of the world ought and all of thant II set aside without mature deliberation, qui umtlerstood huim- the Senater from Missouri.o of policy of government, Suich KIRBY. I should like to ask ofllrm. Blut as to questions as the Unit Mrl. the Monroe doctrine, Such questionsallances, to ail a question. oestheSentorfro ~us-tionsasS.tes keeping herself freemy distingifrom entangling shed friend and thosew ThePREIDETpotmo.Depo tmpoe.the Senator,Arkasas from acint doctrines soT iel toSDN scul yild fomt theSenaor Akanss? the Sea N.' turned aside their faces., Now, are with him have on a mere matter of procedure, no, understand comes to me and asks me, beu MrKRED1 Iwa1tyig-The Senator stated he could not the principle Itself, that we should~be Ar.M Ir. Insisted on the amendment mattef involving -\vhy the proponents of thils measure he onsttu-byMont.:ana. :r.p , s nt beina alndptedreglary, oter aendentsto me nts toe th ek C by ofMotn. r.Pein - bein gh ad o pe d e re g u ar y sal oth e a me n d -dptdMr. WALJSH the Senator from A! tion hav bee The PRESIDENT pro tempera. Does I did net make any such statement. to souri again yield?' . . ' Mr. REED. mande a statement. practically RlEED. ,I do. ' Mir. KIRBY. . The Senator ' .Mr. that thai effect. Montana. .I do not understand that In effect. Mr. WALSH of Missouri. I understl No; I did not make any such statement position taken by thle Senator front MIr. R EE D. to ask is, IS it not a fact thte a fundameintal right of thle people lir. KIRBY. The question I wvant htave his.arguntent Is thaat it is rallier t' amnents to thle Constitution a referendum to aecide tis iniatter. thant all. of thle other 17 legislatures? Is the States In legIslatures of the States. baeing submaittedl to the State It should be decided by thle been aidopted lay hals never been proposed that I' it not trite thtat a single nmtenineitt Jumi, 4, 66CONGRESSIONAL ItlECORD SENATE. 0 fill W-,t f ! (?lr f $ ~ , It i n g t h t s l pqg n o t li ur t h a v e v yt t ( ir l out nd p ke for It .' : I c w ~( t t WO p r e ib sd ef Se ouin th at I n ai n t oin i Ni s a n w I ln t tle toro ~h at ii er e tif l o s lrc t 'ftll Wrhe n ~t un~c~tftt(lh hh argu i1tit te tr h ihsl a Cn t tile d Ir fe r lt t t, in 't n' upon thi et i n . I h v I tt s t e rih w e r e to ta ll ly -in VCF righIt f 1he p1itl to pbe u es n th p o lc y w o e o f 1 40 ,000e il mu l . e i e s o d,wliea sttI n t t efgt t a w r p u r fs n o tI ~t e W o f 1%I mig ts I S v i t - mi WI l r s t i mendeI~h c tl 1his a t e tio thllfd eth t o p c IN t h a y h e t l e p Co sl e e n t o s e m t t i n t h a t a ti l9 foc wa s t he i i t t c p l i p. o w, l e y n Inol Iltt ou aV~ trued1 w r tthn n thn fth otI the y, goalit t , t e h rli g Is e f Ih r~ M~lllcr. l gl l t O f, 1110 q icti f5t h pV)t roui~ ~i o i e l The e are ral t o u h p e l . th t te Silto! til It. t h e- f a u i gIthe h e rtto al h e ov no f sen~ a th es f o l o fou l th thn kC h e O i lt( , ieti rest ed w its : OnI,9 1 y e s fS Billt Mr. IVt4 i g ht Staof Wnt fgua.n aiv.y p ch t ey h ve r servno d thein rethei lc i t i llO s f o t t t hll et hl iylxl h i no T fo priv~ l othe theq a irigh all , whs f the voters l l J Y s hn s i i U1t oo lah p e l o n o v o Ios t oe bettr olinc y N aoyf ' th el i b a t er i n g ai mh o ld nt nppe Il.~ IV, I s ue s g o i n g t ol s lo e S at s51i t h t r g t 1 t ken tnt t oeTre at a, ont h0e1leth.ul he t el of t h 5 p c i , t U p n t a Rn w r t In it l oti v f tl eO F ed r a a t m e c us o t k t a ay es en t awy i s , b i t o e s 1 g h o f lib tl t q Ia i c t~ t f L o e s o n st th e erlg ti t tl r i n ) t e - w r t t h e i iiI(o.1- h v th d o m ot til e f t rs f I t it heO c n r t i n t a l t heC r l o he th t c t tt y n l w e lav ei g tt igt ed e't ~ ~i W h ve t e P C i f c of t e le isat re Qh f I p ifit ot a t on t ' t h h . s ei Y whl de rv tte iS o n t ise prohtof th s i nto ml o ttte liig't o Rto na tte t he r e alcr ae nt 'te i I t h tios ltC(fllhMNqo Ti l o fit o ie S a to av te o i g o l n o t l a f i s nlew sl tl i f tl hc oth at le ra e nI conies l t, c oar o fthe e ,lla (l v ri tita fstoiI5~ltwte te hc~ l il tt.3 o n suc a uet~n atate 1ihtt St erv iepo le f t at popl i mh e ev siaroliteads i their rLsittlt ti0 l hein al altg t~ rP ofsitt~ us htvev cote er e l t h os of wh i h they have re ervd il hsre i r f t e St1tt, arm n of the vey h thteIO\ \oi t f and an im o v ry tl t' tt it, g ottt, t fp lngenO len s a l h t tn n e , t s at n t l at f o p lI t hto l y 1 0 0 1 xw i l o io h wt iot Vost t tion l tcn i tmn o d'tt culse. wentht O I over a N u fL tg ~ a t o t co ic to th q es u tt r o f ro mctl e ' e ti d d tl take(, fls a t.cotteret )'c t i e e I t l't heiq p Jer l r o r t he fohla it di s it ma y fo llonttoseofi.ho awn p r e it' itlglsedr 'l rl t r Uiolrin ci le e o' p th a t ri gu ix g t w that is t h rea on. ui s n o~l at a t e s to dnte poperanm 'ent or adtit ftwn own St o Ithll g chtd tu ttor'leti Woot itstlie hadiO~ h e folw d he f mlly st hie tiohl th lit ell wil 0to calr eta In te pit ve ut It i l o rt ha .lI a n l co onsittlot at at be tkin true, fi s beev sobl lS ot to t el gi llu eS p etho d hav wriite ma otr thel veo~tuer, 1111d gnt of proie W10two y . tuaile lllttt)5 o l "T e I'ls Ne ten t l ltin a the tl a gI l ihang to to wtthose ocoopo', St fathes wrote b aetewsomeo iefih m frVP oWoe tiN, w er s Itoay he..phs itrpos huof indeenet metoll tw they ro eddo i." d o . Te nd not onl ot eVer,whthoo tresioentrI ani calling le 0 Into shll. o a hehghhlih'S f011la g h uiicilof't xperleo Mnt n Mr. l that henvey wereo al shuld ote afi tt It s o tirO e'S ae a the rn. o hae S eao'o te act the pyorvn Le ltie att %tVt n h e to rmethodspteiy chse. tyu fillfihoolttbytowl th~s totijak a coice0etwewhile yowrp n;taItu~ 14 ~fyul~ fro o rm t thlon te prnce101)01 ofs overnment vt ournti pela~ole m n iNsome m I f our N00rehs obliedieoe givse of Lect nion and 'Y s lCt11"oI thei Yes;tw bffitsIehdte whend they pfor tvileg of havin S a n avf e ao iAsTe htoC Votinhetivee ony ota na gi e tth e 0'ilut'leIo o I lorat p op SOto cas q id, pasupnt s of the t'iople tt * t at yo came dlg te to acneiant wi l st a ventos themaw ioll Mwo tosan d whe t eyil aof t o tetent o . where tise intl I wI- they pearoo m hey sub itt d d thos rste i h i ottti ud n t Ioto' Mftlr. tEE sImt th~r menment itIs rue l; let" th y s u h o t that. righhad' y sh to f t.he Stte hilt er wel f tat? Whyn is uc otet t1111 to lithel legsltus i eopb tle ft melnruptiaheig ate dileafr phtr vaue theprie dayi the fact 1 4 !)I the~ p cce itt n for publiced quston ofp the HYC11 s~l pet i tler wasqlcloserg to tave f he r gliiainth lesIt?1111fivid thnero etiator N' ~ 1110 ths a ys the crat, Mr. p InG Mr. r it Oth dtfeee lnconton s.fvoIns tha evrer et h to stop, hut will yhe ldtoo calntft~lto thine the o enry teufctr neED. Iram quve Otent populain Ima en ave year s aMr. h illy II pI 0V.,1ti stpangemen e is questiatS ha bendscneored pst of the dis cusspl in wll IMIi tGboeer ne Nof, the s r. o Kin. Aof e ao rm A't0NM ion hich th e vote was aout sae e to h wilnoti a owM atndil titu protc alur in' y te l e o S bItI i fft l teItit tolie tontitution d I sec of deatte, aof thet thcane. 10niIt. n en oft l 11 11 had t be th oe f~ tma n he beo witno r l t s et to eahe'V g~ ltl.( to e tae s h t h lgat ureu ea lcte pt th rnlY. ao o p e em pp Im e n md , r i tick It henry, wethe r tys(rn.ln oio iitc sa m eatsxn o ttie 'irf d een the r gropea rt Oe or1coneeae. to ttbritlot what th ep e wan lte tov I thel Seao cositt th!is of tICotelloi htoIbo e o~lO tates,1 of whic I amendmes MY reOollcot o vrfunlt~i 6dueewh0i h . ver sujcw oe usehoeer olwdth eti astufl elec.thoreatlea~titt not to thamt. Tih igo et ntherpt. thor peopyear lldo ft' f tile %Vil quite righ an ~ hafl nlrti~ bendbtdbfr h epeo hscutrue n e 'e en est lyio Ad S It Isai t oue go tee tustute h av fowdsc s i tn a tel ef00~ ohi tl i i'i ~t"of111 wt pe pl thoitwry O re on o y atherl putheg slg tv"ol9a has~~~~~~~~~~~~ls t e itnthe Soad tul teoe il noieaitP ofa d to pa s in t or more. agill antriedl wehha. Statswa Thngreube 1 'Ia ti the D Now,s peopitlo f they U l r esy suP11~ ~ Th 1 lCI O a Meenr, debted the legsll d.latures oiowe r o tr. e es~a nd othlopors AVfolis "''calligoa whe thehl n the f oI rso ane tl i of . the eUite t t atesfa enceul o te i in Ws upone ltgsIleOLt~ byafw of h Ipoplen y a fi thator i e that slectdg i feth trere te lolcrt otlYl wi nts.l yth l h~e e ae h Senator th nl t~ l h t I co nsttte mn; htityu asity.lwl of ti~W lSo,at otaa os o te oas pathrtie.Stteicnpatetedqa, th y nteril a tic pttwee in th twos d e upo&4. to as lik n o h voteun te rtilli n f~ o h &Li onrs ot popl tolt l ve t o~ th dle ey ose i the t e p c t h lt tt princi e caee si.w a s pon th s ci teithiato de te o c etdaen e e a e o a o v n i n t p bel sad vthrepcttoteo t tl n asida d can~ C r h to t e nst s ee ho ive Isua tpY(e VII tlnt. Il'tY Vi t o o ose it.e samelhe xets yecue theyie o focsed uttoltl wo ethl~ ortand wno atheyigik y t atse . onenilm h epe ile' RED... Nhypot 6v'thosIn tdeb t ru tha~ e yontee\ ubited tlab e whynd soif i~not bcW10 t0 lo Mr. rwil.'t~l yo ah1 boumets wht iis gab o fi? Wley isltueres~sntta. esnbe teand, lu'eY~ 1 t~ o l v 501 0their mcometembtey I;btltmes l of th ee t e St ates.f any serilus0 to lah te r satu rest of Rieu sujet h*of g i n i t ei otil of aor e rmi ni Prsienti e va u s I h o e d y th r s beas sp arc d e t s n d les h te M sendectedsr a KeNm n. Mr.l S ta iea tL havh iferne itnrayre, caled fatg th e y ,wt rsett ~elgshiu~ w lc etei tOwinl call titentib~t atdres aulover thaout tfo afrrO of i lae heeti ~slo hUof of tsle as L ons hae been acurded out andrn en ex enh some elce l t o y n tg. KItGit ts or ~ ~~ti p ce ha ed t msves d ia ot i Marf ihih ee e rcpo tlth rltte po we t thNo od rVot e th e Iitiu i l oaahe nevent 1!919. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE. 627

holding ver for four years-ntty of then wqra selected with Now I address myself to other lMemhrs front Southern with reference to questions not involv- States. refereno to local issues, -.We all 'knov that it h hoItoen" thitcommonly"li'nderst1n- jog woman sutffrage at all; so that in submitting to the legislatures lit many of tite States tie proposed amendment it will situation that in the South the women have not denslred the of their members were elected ipon right of suffrago and that the sentiment lins been strongly be found that a portion or all one for- other Issttes. The question oftamending the Constitution of the against suffrage. There have heen more reansons than States, as contemplated in the resolution tinder consid- that. One of those reasons undoubtedly arises out of the ren 4 United in the fact thatf eration, was not an Issue when they were elected, and they were question. Another reason is probnhly founid this qtestion. for the most part the Indles of the South nre Intensely weddell chosen without reference to their views upon inclined to thrust theti:n I. thank the Senator for his statement; it is to their homo life, and are bitt little Mr. REED. at'all very clear. . That is not all, Mr. Presidebt. In ordinary elec- selves into public affairs; and I think I can say, without tions In the States, when there is no matter of special impor- fdisparaging the women of other parts of the country; that at' tance, it is frequently the case that you have great dIlliculty least it is true that one'of theinost glorious types of woman- in getting anybody to go to the legislature who amounts to very hood that ever beautilfled an'lrondered sweet and lovely hi' much. I (o not think that I would be guiliy of a breach of ok( carth. is the women of the South.) Down in the South you plain fact that there have been have taught State rights-n doctrine which wits originally courtesy even if I stated the I times lin this country when n man who was at memtber of the, fundamentally right, if properly understood, int to which legisiat;re of some wtato would nologizo when be announced have always thought the South gave too extreino a construc- the fact; and as was said the other day, it was because legis* tion, that resulted in the endeavor of the South to wit1itraw not believe that right ever exist-ortd Yol latures were so susceptible to influence, because so many scan- front the Union, for I do ls broke out in them, that the important matter of the elee- but I do say, as I ought to say in passing, that the man who tion of United States Senators was taken away from the legis- would harshly judge the South to-day for the.position that it In the Senator's own State of lontna one took would he a most ungenerous tian. latures altogether. of Milsshi conspicuous case arose Ill which I know that the Setnator aind The doctrine that tite State of Georgia or the State his collengue' took a distinguished part in favor of purity and sippi or the State of South Carolina was a little republic in decency; but it was one of those cases that contributed mate- ltself, whose people controlled its own altirs, and which in rially to the sentiment in favor of a direct vote of ite people. all local matters was a sovereign, with only the limitation that we improved tle personnel of the Setl- certain rights tiat had obeetyielded to the Federnt Governmnt I do not know whether the ate; I do not know, if we keep on having these expensive elec- should, of course, be subtracted from the sum total of tions, whether we will. have improved the moral tonle of the powers that the State otherwise would have iad Its a complete method of election. That is a question to be determined itn the sovereignty-that doctrine was a splendid doctrine. It has futuree been close to the hearts. of the people of the South. It htas sir, Mr. President, there are some Senators here from the South. been very close to the iearts of all men who have understood the I wnnt to talk to them for a minute, not on the lines puirsuted dangers of centralized government. How can men front the .by my friend' Mr. SMITh this morning. I leave that argument South he found who will vote to take away the very thing that to Senators frotmv distinctly Southern States. Missouri is in constitutes the control of. the destiny of every State, that thing the twilight zone, in a way, between the North and the South. being the electorate Itself? How can you, who have sought to We have the virtues of both, and the vices of neither. I do not retain as large a. measure of power and control in your own know in how many Southern States this question has been sub- States as possible, go back to your people and justify this sur- mitted to a popular vote in any form. It has just been sub- render of that right which lies at the very foundation of all mitted in Texas, the great Empire State of the Southwest, that your rights, and which, when legislation follows, may be found cate into this country as an organized and independent gov- to constitute the nieans by which the entire election machinery ernment, 'that has always proudly asserted its independence as of your State will go into the liands of Federal agents? a State, and whose people have always justly exhibited a pride We might just as well look this question in the face. When in their great Comintonwealth. The people have just voted ili polities run high, as they vill again, and when passion rides in. that State, and ina very decisive vote have repudiated woman its charIots of fire across this land, as it will ngnin, and when suffrage. Now the Senators from that State, both of whom I the clainors go up from the dark sisters of the South that esteem very highly, have this question to answer by their voto they are not being permitted to vote, and the sisters of the ont this nmendment; and I hope they will understamd that I ai North who belong to the political party that feels tlat it is not trying to make this unpleasantly personal, because that is losing votes down South get aroused, I wnnt to say to you, S'1 not my object. Senators, you are very likely to get some legislation compared question: Would you now cast a vote the effect with which the force bill will be a gentle and merely persuasIve This is the ought at least to give of. ich may be, so far as Texas Is concerned, to have the measure. So I say that men of the South present legislature, elected upon a different issue, convened their people a chance to vote on this question. of this amendment, in There was something said here in the argument to-day-and and have it declare for the ratification here the face of the decision of the people at the election just held? I am occupying the floor when I did not expect to stand say this to the people of Texas, " While more titan a ioment-to which I want to allude, because of the Or will you, at least, of this country know I voted to submit this proposed amendment to the Constitu- fact that people of the different parts which reserved their own affairs, and that they may be misled by judging the tion, I also voted for the Underwood.amendment, States or people. to the people of the State of Texas the right to elect delegates to entire country by the conditions of their own of the people of I readily confess-I not only readily confess, but I gladly n convention and to give them the instructions not Texas " 7 Insist-that the people of the State of Montana, with its presented there. Of course very large population, with its boundless opportunities, its un- That is the question that is of Senators will answer that as they ouiht to answer it. developed resources, may properly decide a question in favor Mr. WALSH of Montana. Mr. President- women Voting, when under the conditions In other States it The PRESIDENT pro tempore. Does' the Senator from MIs- might be highly unwise. I know-any man who has visited the sout I yield to the Senator from Montana? great West knows-that the people of these Western States that Mr. REED. Oh, yes; I yield. are sparsely settled are closer to their government and know ir. WALSH of Montana. Before the Senator takes his seat, more about their public, men and public affairs than the people a very Interesting question was precipitated yesterday by the of the great congested States. . An entirely different proposition discussion of the Senator from Alabana [Mr. UNDERWOOD] in is presented. I do not knor.what the vote of Nevada is to-day, to have the views of the Senator but, if I recall aright, a few years ago, when I was serving on respect to which I should like I think from Missouri. If this amendment should prevail, what is the the executive committee of the national committee, a total vote of about 25,000 In the State. That vote is Senator's view as to the machinery for conducting the election they had of some cities. , to the conventions in the various not. as large as the votes of some wards under twhichthe delegates candidate for Sena- States should be selected? is it his view that it should. be . In a population of that kind, if a man is a providedD: by the State legislatures, or that Congress should tor or governor, every man, woman, and child in the State knows close rela- provide it? him and knows all about him. It is an intimate and the Senator permit me to tionship that exists. They know his public life; they know his Mr. REED. Mr. President, will, children answer that question in a moment, and let me pursue for the private character; and not only the men, women, and know him, but every well-bred dog recognizes him. So I some- present the theme I was on? froh Mr. WALSH of Montana. Certainly. times think that it Is.a greater compliment to be elected ir. REED. I shall be very glad thep to answer it; and it one of those States than it is to be elected from a great, big I start to take my seat without answerrng it, I hope somebody State, where they do not know the men so well. will call my attention to it, because I think the answer is very TIh women in those Western Stntes, with their environment limple, plain, atnd asy. Antd their stirroundliigs, nro- closer to puihile nthirsu theit t hey -LSE NATE.. N 4, 68. CoxGRESSIONAL RBCORD ., Yes. there Ih not it Mr. REED, ta centers. I suppose o onaJ41nofC use (Oiv(enfln.ieI10~lrM ar nthe great. coligcstctl M eic o who does Mr A SH suiffrage would not calif n y neh~'lC I tt of New htae were against wvoman not thlink that 111011d follo . arey o Ishd Staenaosfo nery a Mr. RE UD. I do a of Montana. That would be thc unftural petit c'il nod t wfily abt thethe pastI~~n ittid twher 9s and, Mr. neary They filow bout ntkirpresent eia h ir future M A S y k o bout th iw ht11i ~ It not.? nniYlh u k uil h ,h u g . th ut emhrao thlegs tendoncy, would (10 n o t th 11 111 th a t wo u ld l~ ~~(Ie going tok.nrtyknw o a o Mr.1 8 -t* D 1 o l o il ~ ~ th t il e mrise r s o f th e . RED t re T e y k n w h e. e ti n S tee ae ollbhee folo rv - la going t t en' T d affect Nowi a na . Is It not a flict that It would tha have t I anyth n Mr.low A ofM I do v otili qto sa h They leg ltUi'C v r thel a "q110.to tke ove. su t, frst, in at Contest before shtouldthe be called, hnaco ~ to' t wo l S ta e I s c se t th m to whetherbefore aL convention the people Over the elctofl of decle,,,nto5. cito e o ,e . h t o t nt lu-tStawYrkCt. ife of i'( ifeOf ontehe hoe isclos .notpic othemas Itou asa PaceOfwould occur I~etels to~ do bu h co tor not andhi long at lace of great nmes c live tio , an I Ilahly a ndopft-t r o; tl le Ignrnce. hut -19 ,.l.C ~t. tho~ rno rhv at h s ~tiOonetina as to whether It should be wvho" (o ;Tot~know;-A! ovlilt over tis t ter,~ n d '...ItI good anmn.'~~~~lsate l~ I o el hr ould be three tihts that A~6dj~llir~yk?~v.:ihrdTth ca iao h~r'Sae desires to purIsue is thtI h esnwyteSntr .~e ;hti~dyigoan a thtJ~Thfilprobletn No;th t etnoiteoe..l1? ~iii~te4 1 ndiilO0vifg jicture5 andD. nt as to h i eO %'Ito IV6T~ lL re~ c t0o~iuaty theaters o h tI o i rao, oiblt' h of Initerest happening , Mr E true there might he a Conte~ta tl t~tlie 'ar to many .maitters threinone ap-iputs it. It is re as ny lr' eti 4eb~ ~ ofthouOiul of vent whee ds convention should be Called, lintIft these, .wnetero S tates; and tht Is na t-ieio t oto~ fillfbt p~tnr outin of the pro p stio n~ f I have ntuo oeo h ever heard in e meat In favorcalled even by a legislature that the Wes~terli sttes. Nobo dly ha mylifeto ive verof its beIg p ieilt of disprlie th Weterl Sttes.-IfI questInmgt10aantiadfrtsmeio - than In any other mint Montana. Bitt, Mr. P'resident I ould ~lle go i a lac ike that for the IMr. W A L4SH of me to complete the smene. UhM:~n agnil, o ta it e unjostpeo~le of M.R D.Permit il p h'C In te Plaewo l .n hewold S tln i i t otrgeusy.the to express their oflloli the people have the ight opilon, i inent that for the epression of that o ty t oreal~ io this Is a means provided illit of ne t. or what right have the Sentator, but lieJ have 11 as a citizen of MissourI, of Montana. 'I agree wvith What right .Mr. WVALSH eaenwakn il sovereign State of Texas, bea ry poteindtha Iseagct.wa to say wvho shall vote inI the woild AMIssouirI, o Is~I rwa ~hthsteLgsaueo thatwllbainmdttIseclyhtwereowakg2 . :- - thwpole' their vote have just: decided what hie I.s reslstlng. the pople of Texas by say who shall vote In Ohl, no.- whn whalt right has Texas to of deciding Mr. REED. htte peopile be qumlest loll? And of Missouri are capable WVALSH o M ntn.:W aeas ng whien the people ittid have decide di It In recent Mr. and le Isojc~geven to t-le snitimston Allss~otii',tha qesl~i orthemselves, given tin opportunity, of the Stoeo of 'ptia lgihaeItgodwInoMsISPiiState member of the Legislature Of It. If lie Were a wfth Is rcord hevro, vote years of visitlig, but a State how could lie consistently, bad the privilege to tell MtssourI, .,. woeI have never hoe eoleI respec-and try with the wh~h ispet ad to allow to vote?toclacnvtin not state my pstion 1 whom they olight IIEED. The Senator does not nskimngflhnt the. tlose P(eop e tloili thenre hoe snhiltttid Mr. e utsually manifests. You are Insst thalt the question i shall lnoiarns are. asknil ui111t IIIe wVhat right have I to the States of th a Chalice to vote. Youl by t aed hgisatim0~~ipo~t Inmat of who peo Il be given at Chance to vote, aid wve, a clh nnci. to to 4-c.lectioli5. of nien to legiapllitires' he, given the people..shotihid lieI given re pikd up at whoordInary 'Ire sent to the l1egislature,it tcketnent, are asking that biaveibe verythey little to do0, and 1111 olt vote Sonator attended mainy-poltt~l shiould like to ask theu to i b t e Why, I tell ya i n ht I have of Montana..*r h r r Iu s l n f t~ o~ t u c o It Is. ats good Mr. nWALSH o~ i u t e. f tandafti i -a Ii ('iecI hav It becauseatvddoi a t COUYeliosI~ te rllnm I y nl, .0,. re.ltl l ha .ivi a tl plat?- reaon - the' .u elc hle ate a tc teention, htblnsecuivelY, ftSa te a hli ce t r ED a ti aqett )II knownl to icy ~1 offxn h ulfctos'o polofe Ch tatp ebrs of m. S(tatoeltucadte before n thei privile thmrtoesu erghtn to t the if edItcw'a h a thoenoo ole f tie Sae voter shal hehakl away fro athon. odna questioBu"'te waS puresne as twhthn ufrge ndthr WS trogdeeaSeltdbyheppen a jiustlfyl shouldjt haveN~tte ranght toe voe aC e,~reSett her pllovntoHWr tt v r o t o l o e t ie ttl a-etce t- fo r Id t l se tine i In f hsob decidtect n. thaI ontI tiSlOO0 fro Mo t n t r T 5ti maske oi epl hacteSntraogI ou have thtdend i f S ena kt . NovIfolw fte .t~ lhrtI tovlic Ivs reIenlticrnakta I gtigtelgsu~nfvoa esteeuol ntb t ~ o w h o o l lettna s Mr. heew udb anyn contaleifcly etmti toMr. n t g v pne o plg oneotashmt fo a Iavfr1.!slnl-1 the Se at apa nl felt sethtIti tha nasaveryonit aapoetoIhreneay i etn c a~ hldqetin I Nown nt Ine to pu At . Wles th r vol e nodiflcly did t * thIs19 amendlnetit.V the enatr toansie.I all leqsatret to rat Ste S n ar e a t ell. ot, Teand I di not cale by ag e wih te S n t r ttE h I Ino the satrdi so n ther A ftM . REELD.o- Mo ta a I at vi l tlos an 1 ho r ,oe 't 1)t"titt Mr. ~~ the pe p e oaimprs ofED Tahrefore . yo- mea n to a e a y rpy t a o l give al k I d n i t o n e Mr. pl . pretiehtt1 eg I f am u fortin ate wh nu st t. e rih to ee The'e ofmuSeinwold tlie thfe S eatr prad. fro guess. Iaon t mea ButLSH ofs Maa . thoe S'Inaor altsr ofha buta e way f e solu letionAl . way.t Thetlegilatre 1111 the rob leatis ey te eay in a thesmed ig, antd those tNvnjS re Myrei oplin oii that lgiatur tqestote m emen t w tol oll onveufn to gv I' , Hewl Isn for then s~ ple statte roof l th e cn all r the covItI oul vot et5 th eit at Isone vr~oSessryin? Sates whn tey metto ass aains I t ld not h ~. f e-gtst oneot REDs eyel fyuhdo fothheeto upo te en- Mosdrbl ged nt 1111111c of la cors derand pase In vo o bjecrtion.~~ held ato fcrolme oton foflo the Sat aln o te eg ino plak by a simpl Iau dIno aettn theefortism mMiayn he. el t cale REEld. 'eandifficulty ifyd mahfer feet, ther. ntb ., A. IVThat tone'ong my Mot lasa. athryol. State.. ' . 1; ce just y ofenlo th at coms fof t Mafr. Wsmsson; Infafro the ct10NT1 ll' te Senrt tIt woul savey asy aoater onv teenwtios lynsderabolethsetmnr culd nobet tn iflltmatinygettinever qetieot. Of ourse, o pubedon Ictlns bet atsomta puosegeeraleletio: whn te ilatues of itakin the ordiwry mainIeryprobblycoud helor .1 agree awid you Scloqi t vo ' Ai r. ALSH of Montana. ilhoro p Mr.~VLS ofMotaa.Exatl. ' ' '. os wol give th mreso ha...l'o makTerseadof yone oulyt. be hdog beot in ht to hs a e aae po m eopl ouldktun cursete eleins couald r E D e sdsc~ h Mr. ED.Butof the Sta t me n udi t i i e r Iegitlate theretire I0 favr eatoI th d le I t us r of a. Tainho tr( the f that In Tepin calcentos ad hed hat e eonvtuee n yu limao would .n tie' to .av e sesotold ttt r- o haevde in the covn thif weesaI th to pasas would not cly call t fr e that ive htl4l Sats, wea they o aei r coul or aith leistu le t I f thtyouthath o e efor prose of lts the nd Mr RE D -. Vety every. Miigfr. theI- oelectitna and Its uponv tit. am C~tt~i 101.'til hicalt't'iilht (12 199.CONGRESSIONAL RE CORD-SENATE. (oIl ono u~ies n Well lnow- Itt outright, wouild ctifly vo to tell her you art. going Tu~tii~ ol ok v~t toratfytli~ fhI do have yofae o r a gam fpkr cal cnvitiul ~iyo d nt aa iimt.You of pinochle, then. S leg u l 1tnQ t o s I t nu ote anIn o d , lg for atgale are not by re son o r. menil ati tude toago a d nakVV~ then ote, being If YOUl, 1a , It may be tlnt women that ~ ~ ~ ~ t aforsa ltl i e wie th lt of mentality, as w (l u lic~ o i ir n re lipen t a y hir r q e Ill -ae a t sessioti of the0 lglsllitrC for tie People nt from lack knowing what you ainu to dicuss nd imdersilili lie uest on.ut when It collies to tle qiuctioli or hsc n e to . Ui o n eii la ho g yell, they ca ll see thilhl h ltl There iv~l l h altlel dea quesaiong. 11n1n he 1ar of the moon witimOilt s tat her culdha ni~ sams111(1prtense- of h d '~'muc dlay .Tsteniiigi lely g when .ou o ld in ot I ee tchrough theta If o A icm~ o by th.0pe fo y u w n tha th thrn co rld o you a s tari sti ta anle ~inand tim s. They inow c - otwa t t? o ou wat o i whant tiolr fu nm ota law or a irso e here to-dIny. They understandu, a funda- aetly what you are trying to do you for It, aliiit wfit to rotoin It as It Is? Before You change lin~ut It, and In thei'r hienrts they despise ' do you part of the Constitution- of thle ail lte other l111t fis woMen hanve % mental low thint. hom been a the0y pla'y upon you one agaimmast t of the (Tovemiielt, ti t has~ m ii s ince io amid Ad ni rt e l; n t o (In UnitedI Mites sine tIle fi'milittion ra ta e fro t pg iyed w ii, fool .o k im be fiv ien i I Ow li-iit i:tor f t e sev Edenl. iierloii of discusilon whmen denl of frmit - i*, the fr,,t, t hve oulght. Ini lii' l ittle thrm-iill ing It wasyesterdaty whell thle ISvilIor iot lind presentedl to thent ITowv Ills fuil highiiiiil,( 4,eiuiiig ' the p1reple hauve' 1l1:1 Ilssii-glegu (nihin M. WVN-rseN ]1, staninmg at iill 11n1d twomlonths', tile or three au is lie wavel Ilils liniger Ill Oli till slrplV for Ilil,l c'.1flsirtloiii, no harm. 11n it m-oillf ii (Iiri tiii e, e eilli im Ill 11w nmi d aiiho Ie liefore the people will dto style, 11I1 Shll~ Inist thnt thn Sweillo V'months' til Senmator. There never true iiranuintCl ic iwi iscul" Did4 ie( *There woluld hie thirve fl~iht., salys the sossloti to-mmiriow uintil tillsn grca t incasile c'li I flie fonda innutat lawg or ONi country plls Inl Inillit and1( dl~iuiiiiiil1ig '. oughit to lie 0it f-m li wnin o flocig t~othe tile Senator mdans by a sce Ihe( toil? 1111it 1 w:11rn lit 11 wIthouit (ihlssi1i1i, 2:iiui 11i1t is ilimt ballots for WVATMON for antytkiliig lie wonl Is. m0stirredl filid So0 hotly atnil it It car- they coie to Votle will 1cin.o 11 fiht If tills Illoilloi proponents of it thttewlie nlmloIaf niid other nimbl of gomlI is IA ,:onteniled, then the r, anld othler 31ttliciituits to follow, rI-ie so to thiJ cpeadlt"ohrlsit ihso of yesterday lYvit cn well a iTnrd Ioi nne its blessing"s qmmestioii4 to ui'i'1rivilie. Tie -llolls advisn.I. . oil .H "1 i niig scehmn ill thmeir petople hiecomile wist- Sid Wa have limnie (uih io ri l-mmIl hl i-eciliillA nli ti- I com ieli n of delegate-s. ticm, thLit : ya of fo-get fill 1105 will have -c No\\ , we hi-e taika fur thei -be lost Ill time Ii mill o Of grave It will to thint plt wit. Ifoev muiich t I ne does It the gm(-i-t evenit, amid lim tine silemmcn of. lte proceede debate aild discuss4 tis one cov-ereid amidl woumderfiil eciits. to net? .Tmit a ri-fstho IlhtIne to to lie 'host u-i iii minnmy otlier Cehebiat11ed It. Suich a convention ats that; oughlt talked aboiut Initiative idi refoeeii num *qumestionl id i-e t ilii In less than Yo ell eioernts w-ho IlIe (oil- orgitni?.i, ihu-hnti tile propositioni, andm adjourn and flown- youmr Stites dleclaing tlint Iwit-s meet, a decisiv-e vote It would iwhmo wenit timp vote nil evc ry qilfs- fivea datys' tini(,. r-ebliy If there wits mIgtof Itie knielenn cliten to cast at on thme saime dlay- SOtimarn. In givenm umted so Impiroviidemntly uiiu so meet, orgitilize, nd a(hJouiri delay. Time tion; who insistedl Hant hegishaumres time 11111m1 Inmthme cla1111 tlt tis wor-ks an endlless that it was not safeo to tirust tlmL'll with *nothing crying for suffratge In time thoughitlessly that Imi every iustuinco Ilie S truith Ia tlmnt those who stand here a enaictiment of a lay; wvho deel-Inred am-enafraid to submit this questiton to have tine ight to imntimi a mefemece. tnume of. (ialcritcy vote. These peopie of tile Sntate shouldi and whlo, uutiit votp. They ni-e fleeing fromn a general every oct lpassed by time legislature; -4'general upoil tile m-ights of thle to them, of statute lit time Westonmi wuhmoliid lie piimieiimciig encomtiums you secured time ciactruent of such a to vote regatrdless of sex are trying to tHicim r citireils of time Repiiblic upon your people that you hadl broughlt to electorate of this country States- Impr-essedl epon Ilue righmt to vote to tile gmeat of the rights of nilam-we ask you for nowv neiv amid splendid guaraity we point theure is Iim It. Time ting we tire appealing of this comstituitilnil quiestion, aind Tiat isail to vote at least to. thme for a r-ferenidium Constittiton of th~e is thuitt the peopile shalml liaue thmeright the way for thaft referendmin uller time tie Umiderwood amendment. Blow omit sit hecre with your spechles Ill extenit finmt is 1iiileul by United State4, amid you propose to it votes li the onie blind uiin a demmtal of i call on ihemoly it to us4? question that favor of meferemiun to justify it? sonic ppople thinkmh this Is it political vote lit tie other., Hiow are you golig I I now a1 little politics. Witness referenldum ilhl hiave- to -reckoni uithi;N101u-T itolught to he settled so that ive call play w~. 100~oiontln~ r-ivalry (if Demoicrattic and Itepublican leaders. thlls miesure. ".You' ill have ,to time aiumitious session say- gentlelmen 'wuhmoire forcing do0 not wnt the vote , got together In the last days of the last with that large class of woimien who Demuocrauts tie Republicans will put It reckon (lo not want to he equanl Ing If. we (1 6 iot put this thirough at all,' whnhave never asked for It, wvlo sesion. So we will[ put it through regard- always held thmnselves to'be supct-10r7T thrmough at thme mnext of the 'to men, because thicyliave Nveuol .' '? Ii order that we ay get the votes ve got to reckon iwith that large class of less of thme mimrits, ' .to men." Yeull fireside amid noi sovyocaUin their desires, who stay-by-thie wl~iomen'i. who aire taking ordeins froni' anybodly Mir. Ill ELAN. Mr. President- time In the. homes, and~vho! are .,mot this session is convened,' behold plicies because theicyare toldI to (to~ mi-. RE~un . Ani., when 'wtie rc i 0t.epudlatiiig,'od committees were organized the ye l maygain soluiiC- i spect Imle! Before thme nowv 1.so. "I venture the prediction that, wvhereas yell may11y cliairminnum rushmad forward with this bilh, withmout foredof Iso . me whlo,niiy advocmlto,,tlt catsel Demiumatlc liqro hike another Ajax, not' whataof the n areport fronm a conlil ttee, stanlding Is the "lose seie on the"othbit side.' the lightning, and declaring "1here% In the States have a vote oil It? Texais defyling but Imviting In the, hope Why not let tilo voters My State Pam-ty ready to give you suffralge," all Why not let liner have another vote? Deiiicmu rtte ihas just voted. to have a vote to-mnrreiv; of getting time votes of the women. voted tilt-e ycnls ago. I am wilhimi , side there Is the little filibusterinlg tac- of Missouri vote for ivonan suf- Then upon thme other may and if tile people Of thle State I dto not by the Democrats, s0 that committees wvith me. So fur as I am coneede~, tics to delay action In the bill andi fm-age, it is all right for a roferemum and time Republicans *can bring I wuvlmd lift my voice about It. We n-sic be organized deceive them by the. ardor, of think to you referendum menm wu-ho they can coddle, tile ladies and vote. I wvant to kecep on repeatiiig.it on there Is bulsiness of the most press- have a. rigit to at referendui vo-e thmeir adviinces. Althmough has come for Insist that tile people for a. llmeu-o aiid althiough :1ipeal after appeal What al-a you going to say when uve askc Ing echaractert, and tile manly form of' everything: wvould like to Alearimigs, they have set aside nil that, vote? Consistency is a rare jewel. i stretched to It'fuilest referendumli crown of glory anti greatimess Senator from Indiania (Mkr. WATSON], ac- see that jewvel set' firmly 1mmtime the upon the floor demanding Instantaneouis some of' my distingishied Democi-atlP height, Is visible to all these that adorns the browvs of attitude and' manner at lenst declaring initiative hind referendum friends. .tion, by amn time true lover of- women. The Rte- yield to thle, for a ladies, "behold, I' alone Mr. ASIIURST.,' NyVl the Senator' kindly- and Its arms'and! ' opened its heairts ,.~ > . .. d rticanrrty tins aluways , p we au-c the real champions of' moment ?' It mrcsto your cause, amid aiy, ve ftm Mr. -ASflURST. I merely wvish to say thant, Whythi prformance?' For the cheap cla-rppltcl is-tlatieui'elry is vulgar. imot because of time merits of I situation whmo wuears It amnd hew purplose of trying to get some votes, Mr. REED. That depends entuualy oi these valorous and knightly gentlemen on a dirty shirt fm-oit does the ease. ' Let me tell 11; is uvorn. Of' comirse- at diamond wvorn that 11m6y reckon without' time intelligenlce qf' w-ell, but. I haive seen diamonds so upoti both sile dhint they' are fit to exercise thb not look turn gramced themi. So I wiommen. It tile uvomemn of tis country adorned time beauty, wvhile bieuty In atid voting titan they will ineaver juesalee ~edshillle emio sci-ei pm-v-lege of citizenship ticket' becaus thmi ,v might hatng tm DiiOiti0 ticket or time Republican amid lie' Ilke wvould bie miore resplemdenmt. Y ~ ~ ~ i voe chiampiotis of their cause. amid time jewvels miiI time rc-ferendimmi.? of time parferi alies of eitherm of these Hfow manny Stattes have the lInitiative through thmethmin veneer of youmr I thought pmogressivo Iuouua huid They uvilhi see amid lmulve seen aind Has Iouva a referendiumi v'ote? iuiidrIoOnl youmr niotives fm-oimtime first, tmigs- I lcnouv M1ontmima hats thme-efeirn~nihuOvol Iiieli'uisus immuuilitnue yourm wife huouoHN1Yu'Muuimyl 'nll tlIme niewu Iulo ]cm.em %%.Imu-ei lmt youl dire, Ilh to as CONGRESSIONAL. RECORth-SENAli*u1 CmldIl have lcel asks me whether it better reulit ' ~t(il owr andfTexas his the refr- The Senator had had a direct votA' fidW oLn i la~th refercfldu i vote Texas Mr. obtained if the people ndi coilf~ lllI (l tie lction vot) 3tImosbetatte'cae rm by saying that the peqple ratified ndui a the'e a o r frn um. Missouri that electing mec byit diret vote. enu m vA o t I t o l .# haveo vebloed of the legislature by afterwVards tLnughter.j tiae the people have voted both of them made it istLak. 011111'1;1* referdin~~ vote, and every I do not know but for either of them. I do not has a the legilarture did that was submitted I do not claim infalibility wolnth oiulm thcy have rejectell witat variatiof or shadow of turning, o iem that without the lealst legisin. t to the benefit of the State.ItnlgsitrsalySrewo. very patriotic melt get Into and I think generally stood. Many splendid and 11log to have the referendum vote. get Into legislatures. The Senator, for, llrlreXive enough Call- from Improper motives front the leglslattires to yield to the Senator from voted to take the right away 110 oil it.; Ai.ItEI). T will gladly with me, Sehate. I believe lie Voted with a mo- elect Members of the with ile oil It, for. i'glslhlm.( fornift. about to interrupt the Senator I know If he did not he stood Mr. rHllTAN. I was if It Is not true that Con- mot go .L'residont, to ask him the Senator firom Calirorniai I lain delighted to find what Coligres c~ouild of the States. The Sena. aNow, e e nfed w understoodnig its inicniuig that secre n e~prsso~tfro th pople f c n e ton then Senatorre.t says, and If 1I was I (hr td III .-40r cu ld n epr essioe f o Isthe argument, aln In nllswer to the nieans, I was misunderstood. nil wer it sstrscieimci to assumite in time legislaltres to not provide of the entitor from AMoitit , ilild I Mntu it th ti wo ld be n ary for toit1 thel bestol call tieM on~ro et ona , the Way It.hiinprmeeyadnsrdoteweadhnkteo* Intend. I qaid It was not aitor for Iis correction. ts or. ina Mr. 11,1,1D. I did not so to say iintCoigress could get one( or twvo motol % be donle. I dId not muenit. Mr. p!resident, If we could referciitill, Ne would. 110 1111 could .0. Initiative and w~l so y wh bei e in he pId It. deeat our purpose i it w here to-daly. ma1 Mr. l'iIET N. . ~ rightt SellitOr imrdt"% to Cali the convention? Mr.. president, will ilhe tile legislatuire Ar. ASI1UItST. . posilel for it. ... O, no; it would not defeat thie legis- for an Interrutitont? (r)ItFD. l . to cn ohveapo pnoll of Certainly. .11 ior fa Ml.P11 xltdM. ED point out t o tle ) ae tt ey Mr. AS1IUrtST. I wanlt to it wo ill be (Or no lt 11 eyeatdopinion of them. should tite Seitat e adopt (lhe amunldieilt, 1 Itl".Ihv o P tik He ntry aid Thto as even that to 111111 IIut 111u01110111. Mir. i n a lie think I can demonstrate he Sealr There W s a i e-lm really and utility. I for the aninidileit of of their States, but not Without sympathy thl10 Inl I rylig Ito Ii) .Tffer$Oll ,at it the assemblies who Is run- am is no use to w as14te kcnow of anybody of that caliber. froitl Alabama,. but there Senalte should( in-CItly Candidly 1 do mnot just now ntot bedonte.' Suppo,, e 1W tin legislature In ainy State me that whlichi will would go to Coilferl ice~, aItI 1ndlo minig for the seems to have interrogated adopt this antendifeitt. It tho il rifCV.C ELX. Thte Senator I want to assure himi that I commiittees of cilfleni(~ I, Mr te uetiN of the referetlilln. make-ip of the s w , ol wil pobably support the presentr.. fromin the Su'iiitte it avor ofthe efeendu anl u d o reee in ive minittes 11w liilllt, Itl ant mali. California w cosmiitittee of the Ihouse iini[li by thec Senator fron Alaba n auset both tthe 11..)~e *'a l illel l t off'ereil ehvepretciidne to home11 Of tI rereiti IS Ile i h . . * Aon fi d e n c e eIeni lileto p er.c of ta MrRE .Cetisnl s Iei know 10jiyf s o p h io rt th e lt tt Seitd ASenaRtor What I sy~ Itere is Mr. REED re ehengilte an It thsMredintIco nn. oa cos itee. onlltcsrlotwudnt1 n iecneec c e td e w u d sm l a e 15 tat Congressbdt 1S. . ,ta I oul kno Iet . u v ud b i't,,llt proose byIt eatorfrntAitit~ ~~ ) drv d o le c li g o t nsi to the should ~ ~ ~ iou Symathyfrter-teldiul, eay jus C1mtO5 Io reettIa tnw *~~~~~ MralrC.Wul tik n prctcl ~ ywaee ougAlo t e l~ ld quesinour leis-. it. Isof D. H s tt S n t rfom t, hattltr w ouldutot ? a nd forreE es.te ili cautuire munmeill \In I abut'llO i c lg co v intutdorlgsauei a r. ASUVRST.. nil nf~ ~lil l Ir. tPHeAN Trncpe oprte Cowt he Snaoirnlym. l , i JI .N ati tol. td t It gila- Mir. tREEiD. Wha say snw a w e s h 1 e llw it-ow e aoy by ridjni t fl ls p o i he re se s to bef lt w i i t T * is po to h ot ]e d a l voted e for Lro i dtio tile commilittee of tither 14(051 t-e k o at.yIbddy ot'k otha It_4srtcla ~ ~ ~~ ~~~~cl beutilclli tew~i ~esvrljate.[agtr1 anyiti ogeshol adlbraterly betoray tmt *~ ~~ ~~ ~ ~ teon thenh for Vl h Sntrpro n l~ebackiol i'. tED. Soy mule thelrted h epe.~ icilnnM.AHRT of le ttnlmtadt.a ~ ~fllprlnet ~ ~ this ~ iEED.re e n utcm iis V1,(1 * ~ ~ alyohr011,l~ t am nd r. out or f oul d bowt wel e Intr oa te ight conr fee t cat Mr.L'IELAN. T h peo they - ied. thecoferee tte wl ill)Y thedavr rnt alasrih. Ofa Cors bade wuld in avacethat outsetravtewl bolir Mr.il REED Tte fepl ih os. I ntlnc tind ouisbd they g ool but l t g po tle cvet toey out te; cton Mr.eAScUnventiownwiultheeSentoring. istl ihould 11pmies, urfte bi)eae a isthave preot ypared orsa th attlenilaet. tloledage on tinlit V I am not wie to.tile Mr.MYRS M. reidet-Mr I~iD.n , ~~io * mli m~ret y The eatovr o unfrgey Iteo 1 rpa ASRTJRST Atrias aonlittedig oi tou thnI \enator.utcnvro ino htrard-cal wordit no non eapitt Mr. RtEED.' Woyild be nn usino orahert so the pear freSnt lowol MItS thet Senre romisorleest once ThE onere s o ~l aso ie niit~l Mr.aou Di cntil eisltr fMsor arsA1S. ol;teysobc. ta hna attter itsevre Ii0on eiturs.i io?'' --a sAnr t a ntere II, for cetre ar nerl ato ~le ed oftrilete qut, o hnkngno the Senat. bCnfrns alfH-tIlewo a ,< REE.Is hat le usio.D a Mr would . Nbera tolfl beI( ill~eqynwa Mll. ERSA.To; p1heol States ion Se ate d the le pfsse tl Illo. Iner anotins~ toi,eb Setreto tie Unit other house e1 eta t '' , . 01fomadthe o l *eier tl o ery . '.. g es htrcdsde mtdl1(i aue1 na~ Ot theeopleo 114= thlga os Senato paron goe ot jl( of ci ave both quetnFrt ary r. ASHURS.No;lbu the 'Mr.% EED. So il 'et the people . adapi ytler (CSenate O after hi tils eIleted1 'ieto rmthsbdyW eve Ite cofnee that cure, they law d. put eiv~inhttaernteocl1tYl rmayof niwys prgt hel o fh osio Mr'RED.Ys a I and evrieulcl vac that t eill tae lae? .o le itele eiltr ,o thn umajorit of aydie tpInga I~C ihi h t~~ woIl UP,~ vol ' fr Iliellenmi~iielilcai~hlilu.IInto. hoes o the It jmO ~ of ni tie te ui l 11? ht, antd If te visa ot it nakeo~t we lou a gr e onf t i 631 1919. CONGRESSIONAL RECORtD-SENATE. I want to I I hoie the Senator will pardon fie when I Rny-nald tfr. IlHED. No; I urn ntot prepared to think that,.beause whether I agren the Senate con- say here that what he says on nity gunl(lo, think It would bNodiscreditabic on the part of not, carries with me gret weight-i somewhat t On. I would thiik It .-cry dis- with him or feree to (to ft thing of th t~he uienduitit comeos. No mn tnt to give (lue question the souree from which lsinati- eourteii5 orn (to part of thie House conferees ling a higher regard for the null1ty anld time stailwairt stl Lonsidleration. to any. actioli of the co- r.Ul~txwu l~tMan hoive E, and proper aiud'serkftiq Ifoitee of ship of the Recnator from Anun word-1 dread, leheilntivo brancit. To my mind, when thc but I rather suspecd-no; I can not se that ordinate Actsit spens, so far as one bratch of the An hinder thin celerity with rtepreseltlatives for no matter rather, that this may defeat, delay, legiseltura cn, for the great American people, amentitnent Adopted. how efforts may have which I would like to see this wht may have been said, no matter the Senator from Alabamna is correct in his philosophy It;sdade it is d e branch closest tothe neople. I think yet I do not wish to see been to belittle to ex- tis to how amendments shouki be ratilted, the tnlywny the Americanbgreat people have it ratilled in this way. ' and It Is particular one singled out an have miy now Aind awn s have this that we shall ptss a joint resolution suhmitting Sets their, voice, except s they I trust, however, ht iorrr'ofter no that right In this body. after ati amendment to the Constitution providing whu the bodse of R1epresettives niets And, by a State except by lthe vote of Therefore. sends it here, I ' Amendment shall be ratified die deliberatiou pTses u a1poti measure and the most serIous consideration, nud i any the people. thill it is worthy of PeIsihlttI lime stor rii mis- vetr snt upon-though they have not been [Mr.UNDEtooi. lo. conference I lve Iti th ot1m s t t timen of the House sourdo[Mr. ltm j will r11.Allow wih tne, Ih Sn b ero t l- ave felt ut h representatives Ariz [ ponan Atr. t heasJi lterA fblt rs en ennn to be ie urd,their opinions to Sen tor from oi. ittitoil iy ee why : qe sti in i tho right yenrs ago in writing this Cotestit1 prouiedi I never found thei unwilling to hear and to heli onlrd.t I st itt withn noweighed, nuul iponthe whi ch the voice of the people me iglit lit oll o ns. of tie hofe nl frieof thends Set ate. ineits Ofth is ittim ofthie f70a' t11Y weigof. e le Aperlea dellberation and cre to ti em opo Inind. Wft tis btdy somemtof In the name of of t e A atic n hn tfor (o othier so ofnak, And omiss favoritng the op n),tutity so fi n o oh rtine tyraie t ofo te legi dlture pen questot. Of course, wo till know (lit. I to poule. atmendnient of toips to puss on this gratve oppol-01tmtI It i Coll. when. After piodlit f mhys, It Adds in Memt- contmlituttional provisiotn directly gives the tmensuro. I believe, first, flint our conferees, its loyal i whil- to it gress avails itself of i t I h not t o f . wIl nd o ha ni I ted.n (10 not senil.olt (iti w t ottattald ic bers of tile em t i would Inep t, hect use I r wiagine. tiat why theso w edestitill ,routded injustice As of etimatin tr ,con vnin it n toemad see mayhop tie support stronger frot thic pr ioie ts p r 'notc Ii,hive orditt consider tion and rsslonAlvocatitg tetin the sul of same ti . tn friend will nit least give us on that side, imlanfter et bile of rhe mtlie i n ents. So I inojd, piosltig,P i s hedthe ato , froi 11mCMissou only tno tth hi431 Vote, m And this m atter i to ethe l h a Iv e t h gni e t r e ne t . o r oInde g helieu r f ard.m his te.; for, If lie doesr . giver l n t i n r top nnt e t hee I nIr ogt at Al b whea h the voice of tie people i ottnily elglit > Hr .U A S T . It Is toispoed of In th ree minutes, netsiod by i t tien d -utso sfthm t iy hiat that it ionnt n tor tromM iss t h nd I tro lstv, And h will t le st'liare then I felt tiet willsi he very little people of myself propose it. ofd baying to sosme of is h liesut gave the of aMe feiitor smntdirctio Mr. ASHU F I eST.ntn sG m iaking flie ittiio slortu rtty to vote and the people of his own mu l ri d oi ( i e o mi t ns nh oli f rot tbe,i s s oure t rh . eb uc hvat t hts xignirito y t o atv o t e. t o d a y , a uM tMhtee Missourtin md e ttor mint . SO I, r t tl etii to time itterrogn- statesnshi of tie Sentor frotn' r.ASHUriST. Mr. Presi et, it response highest regard. Indeed, so fr filne or not I would from Alabama I have the tory propounded by the Senitor as to whether their spirit of fndepeeietc,I tim inclined to let me say that there notp a mian In fiading faultwith evotefor the imndment, thian do I t e necessit for overpraise It at times. tie Seoate Chamer cho feels nore I hope 1 Ameniot offensive when. to sweep away the Now, Another thing-andt thel an tikdvent to time Federal Constitution t-1tI a very certaln that even I we shoul Attci revctionrykanmer owd of ratifying passing, on say by conven.thots Instead preent Archaic, saidh the other which provides fortethod, ratification Ieferred amendmteots. Idcsii Mr. President, I of theproposed constitttioul Atem 1t. 431 ntuen compose Congress; of b the legislatures or the alee tl. under thi present situation nngr th endistingu ishedSenator front Missouri they m0so hte w ld bnotdo so, I appre- for tie johit rescolutron. submitteditotheState they could pass a Senator froinAlataa oule vote fien-utif tihy aereof A mind to ptoso, No; but time Senator overi osthle fact g :vernmetor for a govern- Mr. UNDEReOOD. will 1 occupy is unot joitt tesoautloni ptroviisg for kingly 3,500 mien that time positioni time Senator front 11issomiti ntt directetd by the Aplostles of socludlsiu. The1in, of the rig t of tbe Amend. tioe 'proposition of favoring ie astnbisiment compmsng the legislature of thIe Stites could ratifs overnmemt Ad takmng it awny front other way, that under the swrge by the Federal on t e mnent.So, I repeat, as I said the the Stdtes, hut th challenge lins been rettemily huled archi reactionary inctiods of ubmittin g amendmetts of this meansure tn tiMe prseint by the people of the floor of te Seiate tielay proponenmnts ow, passed upo by th legislatuurs, Amid not States had a right to grant is privilege and legally could sweep away people of the several time Ste h -14,000 ten constitutionally women of the covntry, and we lave immrely manevtinI te A erican people possess; and to tile, Weon tlin alengeA bgre t Theruemvestige of liberty which o o en oft h a mwhich n e hts s gbeen w thrownu ofthe At Criour feet.W r se pooli y eoof ac Sta couldnte. The trnsforif eso ughoee this overagmentr, whyl h intol a k- challntge to subhgi t this ques- likew e these 4,000 itut yo to go to the hustings; we challenge you shevic governmenit, insto afsovet, iing lnmy governmet. not to the legislatures of Oie Stites. to (ho that, for thir partrti-m ton to tie people And the Vinricam peol mtietot goimg Senator from Missou d will uingom ite for occmyieng of knowing how to govern t wmselves an thinif Whyut on. Tim nr irtue Is te virtue t n e a m om ent lo ager,lot sa naly e timn utnnd& w c e e u i dhis from Arizona thinks that because somei 17 or IS othe fir going to urge with what poor cupati~t Semnator 111 1iit1mthe imear future adopted by tmhe legristes of the States (lint al Amentidmnat which has been mients have bee providemI it, time cozisttittioml. Let I have tho proposed constituti [Mlr. BnZANDmEnm]. forecloses th6 other method 11111 In troduced by thn Senator from. Connecticut to that. Ten of the amendimets conustituted thme when constitutional anndnients are us see As to provide that hereafter understood would adopteddie in the by thei votes of the of niights,which it was wias agreed to. Three submitted to the States they shall be rat ed vote beginning ivlten thme original instrmient of eachm State. Time reason* however. Why I shmall not a great kpeople the aenments grew out of the Civil War, settling nmnendtm t at this particslubr tite to be sub- of the people of the sections of this'country: Nec- hfortis particular the following: No constitutional contest between in itted to A convention- Is as to the right of the people to hiasheeh more tessorly there was no Issue made Anturment, except tme prohibition amendlment, of the oi tho adoption of 'thosethe Amendaents.States were forII theta,tme casethe pemopic ore thoroughly understood,cni timiread, hassit thistihe firstvote 10 amendments all of anictitinent.umwidelydiscussed, All the Amtericani people who and laxthe case of the 3 'ainenchinents growing mall atid receive dispmatches of any were fao- them; anti time Norti, SAmerican people who receive out of the Civil War the South wvn'n Its back Congress is submitting this anteuldmuent. They thetn In the Contstitumtioni kind], knouv that people will was determined to rattfy tent and put that thin legislatures will be In session, and. time the Itter alllendtments-for Instance, thin ott know petition their legislatures. As to some of to Ar -not lbe taken umnawares. They can thin decistin of tie Supreme Court' in referendcl President; I hardly think It would be fair changing this floorI every matt III t0m ' , Then, again, 'Mr. make aut Income tax-htimost every rmmamoi whatt I would'call the cause of wvoman suffrage to themiselves recogi;Izedt that t:hu t'-to the Constituitioni State legislatures, and thn people e'xctiton fin this Instance, After having amended Govenmentmeit 1mtime Iegiittg cuirrieh thIN each occasion theamendmnent Power of the Federal coiurt lin eighteen timessince 1789, Amid upomi right to levy ain Income tax, And that only mlyma dividedh 1 to thme State legislatutres. Tile; first 12 thetmm. having been siubmitted two, I flhink, that power been taken aiMY from tainmemdments were ail subtnitted At otne tmmne amid providing for 'time eletion of 9eumator were submitted, are still' 'As to the ammeadltuent (th time first and second Amendments which people there wits no real .oppositlotl., WVily delaly Amenidmnt was stubmitted' to time hegis- by the It? Bitwhetiyou Spenmlltug. Time elevenih the situation In-tiat case when everybody uvas for time twelfth was, sumbmitted to tihe legislatures; this ind, the seconid direct attempllltt latitres; subhmitted to time legi- comet-a'nn amnendnmeflt of thtirteenmthm ffumrteenth, atIi Illfteentti wvere soverelin rights Of (lie States Atnd give thlelr p)ONm' seventeenlth, ammndeighteenthm we'r, invaclb time a imstm'mmtias we hImiers. nt, ile sixteenthi. 6)olMe Federral Govelilmilenit, It Is 1mot; suitei suiiliih int II( lehgishit tiS. ' 632 CONGRESSIONAL ILECORD-SENATE. JUN 4

Involved in the original anmendmients; it is a question that In- port It;. I am begging him to support it; I am nasking It in the1 volves the very fundancutal principles of our Government, a name of the people of a great State who will not he given any quesilon that the people.of the United States and the people chance to express their opinion unless the amendment offered of the sovereign States alone have the right to pass upon; and by the Senator from Alabama i adopted. If they are for it, I insist that, if the gentlemen who are proponents of this mean- they ought to be allowed to register their will: and if they are tore clnim that this proposal should be submitted to the people against it, no one ought to deny them 0theright to protest: effec- in order to give thei an opportunity to be heard and to pass tlively. upon itthen they can not deny the propriety and justice of There is another reason that I want to offer. I have oftlon adopting the only way by which the people of the sovereign wanted to go to the Senator's State-I have heard so 1muchm States can reflect their direct will in the neceptance or rejection about it-and I have been so pleased with the people of that of this proposal. State whom I have met; but I (o not know anything about th1e Mr. ItEED. Mr. President, the Senator from Arizona makes Senator's State except as I hear about it and rmad ahout it (t atrguient that hecause we have In the past adopted con- The Senator knows more about Arizona in a moment tiuanm I stitutional nmendnents by votes of the legislatures, therefore could learn by iending and studying for 5 years or 10 years, for we ought not to change the method of ratification in this in- he las lived there, and lIe Is a part of ti1e people of tlit State, stance; yet he stands here telling its that (he method of ratil- and luas tite spirit of Arizona-to spirit that is born nn Ile ention by legislatures is so had that 1he proposes to support an broad plains, the silliit that swcIs neross Arizoiut's glorils nmendnent to the Constitution which permnnently lakes away face upon the wings of the morning. 1le knows AHl nn, but het from them the right of ratifiention of amendments to the Coin- (oes not know my State, anid I (1o not know Ills. I would not stitution and confer that power upon the people. When the deny hint ti.right to have the people of ils Sato vote ol : Senator comes forward with his amendment he will he met with question Involving their fundamental rights. the antiquity argument 'just as completely then as he can now You ask me my position on this question. IT we ind tle volos sumnon it to his nid, for the argument wilt then he made, to pns an amendment to the ConstItt.11on provdling Hint women' I You are trying to change something that has existed all these could not voto In tie State of Arizott, tnking that question Mit years." If it be true that the State legislatures mid Congress of the hands of the people of the State of Arizona, or Moniann, together might pervert the very forn of our Governnent, if or Colorado, or Wyoming, I would not vote for such a proposi- that danger is great enough so that the Senator is willing to tion, no matter who told me to, because I would say, " It Is for support a constitutional amendment to chnngo It; and if that the people of those States to regulate their own affairs." But method is, as he described it, archaic and unfair, then why if such a proposition were brought forward-und it imay he not embrace the chance which is now afforded in the submission brought forward some day, for the tides riun in and the tides of the proposed pending constitutional amendment? Let us sub- run out, anid opinions clingo with timn-if it ever is offrledm . mit this proposed nmendieant in a fair way. Why submit it and I am sitting here I pledgo the Senator mnow that I will -ote in nn unfair and archaic way? Why not submit it in a fair against it; and if an amendment is offered which reserves to 1e and modern way? The argumnt goes too far, but it is adroitly people of tihe Senator's State the right to vote and (ie Senator mnde. i-ants my vote in favor of that lie will got it, beeause it woutl I know the Senator from Arizona is distressed. He does.not only be the fair thing to do. like to (eny the people of his State a right to vote on any ques- There is not anything about this question (hat needI leld us tioi that concerns them. He is that kind of a Democerat. Olve into doing things that are unfair and unjust. I 1(owillt, so that thei a chance to vote ol this matter. Give the people of my my position never will be Inisitaderstood, that if all n ilentllment State a chance. to vote on it. I am begging for flint; I m we-r offered here to-mnorrow that would deny the people of :ny asking it in the name of over three and one-hialf million people. of these States where suffrage exists tile right to permit their If you are going to amend the Constitution and force that women to vote I would light it as hard 11s I min lighting this, amendment upon the people of my State, at least give those peo- because It is the State's business; and I have no right. as a ple a chance to express their opinion. They are a great people- citizen of Missouri, to interfere with the rights of the peoile not greater than the people of other Slates, but is great. They of 1Vyonling or Arizonn. Surely if the Itepi-esentatives of tlhose represent the best there is In education, Intelligence, patriotism, States asked that their people might vote I would give thea independence, and love of country. Let them have a chance to that poor privilege, at least. have a vote to select delegates to do the thing that you say Mr. President, I beg pardon for speaking so long. ought to be reserved to the people always. Let us have that The PRESIDING OF1ICER (Mr. WATAHIE Of 1oulittilt III tIle chance now, not.to-niorrow. , If it is good and righteous and chair). The question Is on the amendment of the Senator fr-om fair to change the Constitution so that the people of the States Alabama [Mr. UNDERWOOD). will always have the right-if that is a good thing to do to- Mr. REED. I suggest the absence of a qulrum. morrow or next week, why not do that good thing to-day? Why The PRESIDING OPPICER. The Secretary will call (he roll. not deal with the question that is before us? The Secretary called the roll, and the following Senitors in- Mr. ASHURST. Mr. President, the Senator from Missouri swered to their names: is one of the ablest lawyers I have ever seen, and 1he is aware Ashurst ibonnat Mcean th Mit that there is running all through our law the well-known prin- Ball tale McNary hIIith. . C. ciple that the rule of procedure shall not be changed nor the lankhead Harding Moses 8111not statute of limitations shortened while the cause is pending. Bflckham . arris Myers Spacr Borah . Harrison Nelson Stantoy Mr. REED. Ah; but the cause is not pending until the vote Brandegoo lIenderson . New M-trIl is taken here. Colder Hi1tchcocic Nowberry. Huc-Ind Mr. ASHURST. It has been Capper Johnson, C ilf. Norris Hwanson pending, I think, if not technt- Chamberin .Tones, N. N'r. Nugent Ihoms caily at least practically for four yeas. One of the reasons Culberson .Tones, Wash.:' Overnman Trnmmell why I would not at this tine vote fo- the amendment of the Cummins Kellog ag tiUnderwood Seunator from Alabama Is that I think it would be &-change of Curtis d Mik Pielan Wndsworth Dial Koeyon Phlpps Walsh, Mnss. 4 % the remedy whilo the case is pending. It would be unusual; it Dillingham . Kees Pittman WaIlqh, 1olnt. would be analogous to shortening the period of the limitation Ed a KIb. P olndexter Warren right in the middle of a trial. Elk ns Knox Itansdoll Watson Fall La Folletto Reed Willimnis Mr. REED. Oh, no; when the trial is on and rights have Fernald. Lenroot Sheppard Wolcott been fixed under the law then existing, of course, you can not France ; Lodge , Sherman change it; but this is a question that has not yet arrived at a Frelinghuysen McCormick Simmons point that it can be said to be." a cause." When the Congress Gay - McKellar . Smith, Ariz. shall submit it to the people, then it may be said to be in that The PRESIDENT pro temtipore resumed the chair. shape; and if after it had been submitted we were to undertake The PIESIDENT pro tempore. Elghty-one Senators have n-. to change.the method of iubmission, there might be something swered to their names. A quorum is present. The qutesti is in the Senator's argument; but it is more specious than it is on the amendment offered by the Senator from Alallia t.11. persuasive. UNDERWOOD]. But, Mir. President, because the question has been discussed Mr. PHELAN. Mr. President, the objoction which 1ha1s "ell surely (loes not justify the Senator's position, for there is not made to the amendment by the proponents of womalln sangl n question that will be brought forward involving an amend- is that it may delay the final adoption of til suffrilge aullelln- meat to the Constitution of the United States in the next 50 ment. I plan to hasten consideration. The reasoll why a dnV years that will not have been discussed in some form or other at might be caused is that the House has passed the amelndml1leit some time by somebody. No; the Senator is without a reason; in one form, and it would facilitate matters to have bonettrancelC he has to go hnck on a referendum or else support-the amend- by the Senate; but, of course, the Senate is an indepeonlllvlt nent oflercal by the Senator front Alinhanin. I hope he will suD- body, and that is no reason which sitol Iet mlVanced 1to 114. 1919. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SE NATE., 633 U Those of Its who are in favor of national slqffrage, and also in I received just flow, raoin (lie seCrelary of the Dc0mjoc010nic favor of the determination of all questions aaffecting the arriend- county committee, this telegrant: ment of the Constitution by a-vote of the people, desiro to sce LotsIIStAN ANOf.LES, CALMttr., ./ful , 1919. that an opportunity shall he given to the people to vote; and to l10o1. JTAMES ). that end I have prepared an amendment United Statca Senaic, Washington, D. 0.: to the amendment, f. P. Snyder elected mayor of Los Angeles. All papers concede his with a view of facilitating the early determination by the peo- election by 15,000 majority. Snyder now lending bly 10,000. City ple of their will upon this subject, so that there will be no need- clerk estimates total voto cast 70,000.. less delay. F. Tir oves I will rend the amendment in order togothment upon it. SccretarU Iimocraffo County Commintittc. The ntiendiment proposed by the Senatt from Alabama rends I merely introduce that now to show that California is strong as follows for the referendum, and that her judgment is generally right. Mr..WOLCOTT. Mr. President -. Ienolred, ete., That the following articla e proposed as an nmend- 7 ment to the Consi Ituf Ion, which shall he valid to nil lntent@ and pur- Mr. ASHIURST. Who wn. elected? oses ts I part of the Constitution when ratified by conventions in Mr. PHELAN. Mr. M. P. Snyder, nientionel in the tologrni, is three-fourths of the mevernt States. a Democrat, and has served that city before, consitspcuoisly amid The Constitution, na the Seante is aware, provides for ratt- well, asits mayor. Mr. Woodmann is a Repubtican. Los Angeles flcation by tiree-foirt IsIof tie several States " by the legisla- is normally Republican. tures or by conventions, as one or the other mode of ratlilca- I yield to the Senator front Delaware. tion niny be .proposed by the Congress." Therefore the Con- Mr. WOLCOTT. I merely wanted to ask what ithe respioise gross con proiIploso, s the exclusive method of ratification, ratt- of the city was; and in view of that Iwamited to ntsk (lie polies fication by conveitions; and I take it that the Congress can of the successfuil candidate. also propose t Ihe ,tethod by which these conventions iny he Mr. PiELAN. I have already anticipated that tluestion. called. Mr. THOMAS. Mr. Presldent, I hope the Senator before he I would oppose lravilg it to the legisintures for the very rea- takes his sent will offer a resolution extending our thianks to son that tho legislatures might, if unduly influenced, doiny the the Senator from Utah [Mr. S.NooT1 for ils services in b)ehnt1f of *;ntification by dilnying the cilling of the conventions. So fni the Democratle Party In Los Angeles. anmendment to (lie Underwood niutendinent might read ns fol- The PIESTDENT pro temnpore. The Secretary wiI slate the lows, wich I will presently propose: amendment offered by the Senator front California. The The ennventions shall consist of 100 members, helng qttalifled elec- SiccnxwrAnY. It is proposed to add at It (n'l of the tors of the several Stntes, and shall be voted for at large- amendment offered by the Senator from Alannta (lie following: The conventions shall consist of 100 members, behin quailtl electors 'That brings the question fairly before all of the people of the of the several States, and shall be elected at large by electorsiaving States, not by congressional districts, but at large. It is the qualifications to vote for members of the most numerous hrunh of the one Issue before them. Igisiature. Such conventions shall le ciled to meet by the governors ofthe several States on the flrst Tuesday after the first .1onilny of hall he elceted at targo by electors having qualifications to vote for September, 1010. members of the most numerous brnnch of the legislature. Such conventions shall he called to ieet by the governoin of the several States on The PRESIDENT pro tempore. Tite questIon is oi the ntindifl- the first Tuesday after the first Monday of September, 1010. ment offered by the Senator from California to the mntionintent That is an arbitrary date, but it serves the purpose of speedily of the Senator from Alabamn. determining what is tile will of the electors, and allows * The amendment to the amendment was rejected. opportunity for the enipaign of education. Mr. UNDERWOOD. Mr. President, I asic for the yens and I therefore submit that as an amendment to the ae ihdment nays on the amendment submitted by myself. proposed by the Senator from Alabama. As the legislatures will The yens and nnys were ordered. not all meet for several years, this plan will, I believe, bring The PRESIDENT pro tempore. The question now is upon about an enrler ratification. the amendment offered by the Senator from Alabama [Mr. UN- While I ant on my feet, I happen to have here a very eloquent DEnWOOD]. The Secretary will call the roll. testImonial of thq wisdoi of submitting tall matters to a vote of The Secretary proceeded to call the roll. the people. I do not know that it is entirely relevant; but it Is Mr. SWANSON (when Mr. MAnrN's name was cnited). My doubtless'.interesting, aind especially to Senatorson the other colleague [Mr. MARTIN] is detained from the Senate oil acCOnt side of the Chamber. of sickness. He Is paired with the Senator from Lltodo Tsind In California, the referendum has been frequently used. Call. [Mr. Cortr]. If my colleague were present, lie woiild vote fornia was among the very first States that resorted to the refer- Mr. THOMAS (when his name was ctled). - I transfer my ondum, and, in most instances, it has expressed very fairly the general pair with the senior Senator from North Dakota [Mr. will of the people. Sometimes, where the educational campaign McCUmI1n] to the senior Senator fromn Arkansas [Mr. Inis- V'. has not been sumelently extensive or intense, there may be a soN] and vote ' ay." . . . A I doubt as to the fair expression of the people. Anyhow, it is the Mr. 'T1AMMELL (when his name was called). I have a paIr expression of the men who participate in these elections, and the with the Senator from Ithode Island [Mr. Cor r]. I transfer women, because both the men nnd the women vote In California. that pair to the Senator from Virginia [Mr. MAittINI and.vote Therefore It is fair to say that the expression of opinion by the " nay."I voters, with or without an educational campaign, ii exactly what Mr. WILLIAMS (when his name was called). I have a pair the voters want; and, ns the Senator from Missouri said, If the with the senior Senator from Pennsylvania [Mr. lanost1. I people marko a mistake, it Is very easy to remedy it by an appeal transfer that pair to the senior Senator front Tennessee [Mr. from Philip drunk to Philip sober. SHIELDS] and vote " yen.t What I jiave in mind Is that on May 17 of this year a Member Mr. HARRIS.. I wish to announce that my collonaguo, the of this body holding a high and distinguished position undertook senior Senator from Georgia *[Mr.. STHr], is absent froi the to instruct the people of my State in the political subdivision- Senate on account of illness. . I 'i . :I. , and a very important one-of Los Angeles city as to how to vote. The roll call having been concluded, the result was otn- Of course, we resented it as an intrusion, because th occasion to nounced 7-yeas 28, nays 55, as follows: r which I refer was a municipal election; and all our'chartered YEAS-28. cities sacredly hold to the right to determine their local affairs Bankhead Gay *p, McLedan . Smith. S.C. by Beckham o,4. aris , i Moses Stanley and 'for themselves. I will read the instruction which was Borah Harr son Owerman Swanson sent out to the city of Los Angeles. I quote from the Los Angeles Biranaegeo Hitchcock helan Underwoodtil Times of May 18, 1010, a stand-pat Republican paper of general Dial King . God Warlaorth eirculation. It is headed:, Dillingham, Kno Simmons WItilamns Fletcher, Lodge,, Smith. Md . Wolcott SXeNATORs ron WOODMAN-ItEPUBLICAN NATIONAL ORGANIZATION I THE Y~i~ 'i ~NAYS-55. . ~IraT TO SAV1 LOS ANGELEs... Ashurst, ,KYJi Gronna! McCormick Shepiard Dr. A. J. Scott of Mayor Woodman's campaign committee, 'esterday Ball Iale , , MccKellar, Sherman eccived the fol owing. telegram from Un ted Calder arding McNary Smith, Arli. States, Sena or. RnE Capper. endersor: Myers "moot Chamberlain .Tohnson, Calif. Nelson oSncer er. A. 3. ScoT WAsnmNGTO, May I. Culberson .Tones, N. Mfor. New Meriln Los angeles: Cumminst * , Jones, Wash. . Newherry Hutherlnd i Senator Curtis a ellogr . Norris Tos Lonom JoAS me in the hope that every Republican w11 sUp. Edge : endr ck . Nugent Trammell the Republican candidate for mayor in the coming cit election. Elk ns . enyon Page Walsh, Muss. 'ortlet this ardministration point to Los Angeles as a Democratic A tya year hence, when the nationaI campaign Fall K es Phipps Walsh, Mont. is on. The Nation Is Fernald PIrby1ittimnn . Warren Republican. We hope Los Angeles will be. . I lPrance lirolotto Polinlexter Wntmon Ree~n Satoner. Irreli nhtlytten Lenroot ilindell T4NA.VE. J; !N1, ,, 634 (~jXON j1E4 lIO1N AL ItECORD-M i.9, iny4 (12, Is 1 11111M ' The r'esutlt w11l4 nfllleptl(-0i'lns NOI'~O~i~l-1. il '' " T w 4~ lIr Y IA 1; . j O V OII- 3 . rl'. II~ ~ 4 11 Irn~N Ittanichen S11-01n1111111 "iiiohi irenf 411 (v I ! 1'lr~ ul Kahiiiing MS~ oI4 I Myr tniiley 116 S s .( . 1 I: rn1el %% '~~ SoI Nil%''"'UlILi~li.I IIiiw sx vhutile vote aly Nlhrft A Y S-02 Mi' (lY. r. ','xhl l ji Iei~ruiay ins9t, llmy, P01- Mcomc WIVY-. 02.' 51v.WO 0AY.I O ir iO W ilit tlit. qiie..tiof, AidtkeiolI expltined il Wr111t MaeNcCumlier WII'loiu ht lltoadn MilatinI rz Ilon. brilellynit that juc. IMv positl lltlfhlil Mcen 1:4. cn.., s t asthn. 'Lliere is 110 doubt in mil 01( iit lirandegee li ,n. U thexiin~ voel.t here 15 4 0Ubt, low - C IIler 1C l41H IIM til e li as l beI~ v ' ti~t to eCap''l2 joti miN, 4,11IO . N Moxx itii'i i t(4' toe prvte. ( t y tre noii' ask, iil %ievolint Shold b I Chi ' I (il tO I Is l',1~~l. N'inl h)~ ( etd onav lug by the iii~iink i l il the pirie S t ,.Vh'1I1IlrV Vp -lintM III yl~l "ljwilvv nle'454OCh.eso i ic'l~ l N(-%'nv i:lw I1 tie llL~ ',l~.t l.tlt si o mo e of te s tlie tae ~ %oa i I. A ~ i~ y 1 i(ii'h i ~I'1111 o ':i t ,i A i 8s I ~. Iti Oi.eii t lil .1ON II f t lva 'ohl rit''s V l'hlliis livillshnni'1ol file IIecoll a gret io r nale o jti eli te d te Un! ie Statesli NOTyeVO'l N .- lfilY it ('lli(Iit IIthat SII iii iii~l1 foighf t.s lilgIthotune (ItilolLvt I ' S1t4Iltit 'l hn~ i - li h~ I 'eno lgii tlol h t I Iei reo 111111111 IISll te i t o ill LiINIlloof1) tileiI .4 lcnll *n Po ivit ilXtil~ ilgo ititl'istLi1~ .W ~ e it' miln TOIICNI ~ Sitt L'if thle Io F O a ll . (A! 1A lliii tr ialnd0f t hr e tl 1110101110 to lil li(- 1 iv wont l a a l I(: il 1 llut4( fI11 tiil 14 iii gell l'0 ofL n 1si ltl~iill(lt n il(~ nS~itO - 4111fle hy tle fo~lieiflI~tllI~itflil it IttlrlO rol i l e oilorl tJ. n t il 01111111 rl t'li(i ~it liOII l id 1)ythc ile s wirlthc Tlidliieiit.-- illiollfv to iiN 5055011f Go11e1.i (et t he 110et Iill tilt I 11illII.Ii os St11o ei t 11 th liiu t. I 110 11 lC 4 it l iit' I ore ln tal ten henii tougef orold 11111.t. itc I n e n e d al I(15s~1iSilh oli:i'ill ulI~101 I lilill, Mliii h tfI d ds i re itoC Il 141 cosdef tolt hi vgl n li h ii'i~l 1W i.Sa li ' T fly'Sl (IN'i . )11l I.lik l. t n for to i rh necesar iei~lhli~ll.hilt flllY te bei'l Ij er cre h e tlit' wh ih I ll ciietii flWOpl il4 Lit4CO re0I tI ii "lii l lI igt :111d no i 111 0.11t it. t~llt (y ryg sht ii lu) 13 jivii tile. 3ieitox Stite litil11nforilC love iiirejected.l 11111 Ml'. l I N 01 (wAlllllS IS HiowNlot' frol Itll W N (I~ tl il Ii lC~ i ted cMdt.n 'jill I ld ve(Cc s ii i n .9tLe h i.iitt iiit, asi ii t i icv tor tie If theesi [lit li 1,11,i .n I iiisoll thi s t prsn wi ls Pi'4'4i iiiti piio tii i' ettil riin o itli lt t iIIIII iiv1 g.iiti wOI OCI the rig t o Ot't tWii h l ''iilN l'e I Ii h t' i lefiziCt yoi. Te nc i l l f 1110111- i ~ lLt h t is S~Il tit li11 ii I' lol O al qi s uNt ii llS lx Ie i is fi lii ly to ( it( l ioittl l'. ~ tohe fo mrn194s.It 011 e I i ili u'oiie front ti hat wer ill ganvi r. T w NMivI li Is IiiI: byit'' i e Deh1l l vtil l S I tic 111 olli' 1.iiThe Joint Xiiii ill t'OltoMHitiiwitlioi 0gl31t il's ilrXiiit i iiiiiIelI ' esidi''l ntItiii ON 3 iireistli' ls t iv iin in Iiniiirn i Ii. oilP 1loll discuion t. 101 t ld I iwe let s1011of het I S I ii Ii. A iii il li ldiot. e Stti ile bjc in toptemanythaie toe tl onilei delolo Cong ess . f io U itel I;lr i Iil~ i 1e.io Senatol fromrn perhapsM~n Il te tne Ivoi'r. iA,l h JintI Weolit io'r 1 wll 1ow Athownd L htinilng. nt leao fontH.I prezt ol4 ill I. tui I ntave a iready am~lle fo r yre 1ihlriiilvlt Iv11.14 biot 11wiii to 1v liii' itil e passage of the nmendnl ubsltuO fr te (the iiiieihf~iis wdelha e vote a nd voeinllie big o yu a a lil 4S111 IIIte.olfl l eIvid: hidIlv tol ile haOll~iO li tile au thii't questlio bill tllv beon o,.I ere, tlle objetio LNli n Wits I'lilt WI clle Ont(11105 pahe Joit an hegv ter ito M.M l r o 14enior of rats fl nfle soont 'I il'N til o fenltl fo lhoe Iltid t lir'fi' il ic 11(1 ,si tIdi )fl t in oSlot' m iar~ Okniponl Mr. i(oavtio IwI. to 1ffrge tois tosie oby neelatli ald ivii 'oadTih e SI llm ~ 'foli". , I it ii lil. s loi ollgl ct tillSreit reeruio p a t iety - to Il vot col ii iv ivh hae loprpl1dt my'sit vtite ifu l ald.M il ntet (vto Clr. (it-N rllil vi ilcill siv n thbe n)t'iifiege. reti Mr t~ SWANocede i l vlclts ieceaYto , IIIwas rvoil tyd :1 dpeit.illd tiot ioffr e etii ilt rndhthel c1 ea [Mr. MAREIll p.rs~e tg'O t i l. Tirlel Screr fromLoisat.teentonacutf les.HisardivliteSit l ei 'foli 1.Ilili Thes PMrESD * iiii~~eilililletlt offered l~~~y the Senaor J I sl and[Mr G Utahl JNII tile aueo usi Ietrfo - hd lewn enforc TheN- gll.- niatisin h - . Io S eI. I froll, e ie ivee presIit Tilet a rcihti to Vte. fIic Da.t 01Cr ll~~~li~itlis I~c Sciat old huseof le Ten se wIth irhoi (lie accoun'itd o ll-i tea Iii er votie " nayo iu h w Senator yet Von(,SrCRll to qioiligreA buwo tf puts - g~et ol vote" yea (loc." not I~cave til bit rigts otiied tlvo we W Oi itss1eM1l wilv~e. hos whoheleve.tit til 1Mr l(la OX (whent Mr. Pnumewis'8 ill called). s11r htth olwn ril be Melr. SoltKNrn il-lg t [~ .T wX Io CI1liilfllteed) ie 13 stles to tllb veasitiit i fopa o f it o itor fro in YolkI M tMr. If te si'Zilh I t fl 11 0 etl a led Il ilied byfl~ til jnior tesen hc ielrtf~ ytrefinigo sa)'Ilt tin. time seio t onte Stats preoii -it Senato Neiv Yorki \.? It.itof'o Aitison anitlInt iete 1 il.0 to1* fy the United tatnesito wi te M colliie. Its wre Ilc:'t 1. S t t e li t Il lctizens any le on Mchigaf [M1ir. T NiItO. ny" ...... I b th nedStates Isaoi o re n by vteta I f he( vote preent.i" o l oe thel (.nt emdofe or abritged 501. . sta~io ace~~~llilt of 5gus cald .IIitilit ai'l. waithl) 3 r. KG (w lsiluni wa nd ll hviti il e least vtte Ihll hale tieSuit o it o snforce from Til 'iliessee 1.1ir. Sniml.lsl I Amercan ppl. T Cogessalntb xldd The senor Senaitor i'ilt aelly lawsncit thenthsbhen 1 U'l D ii'to) rm U a M . K N l ai tow present- -evat r peron Wih tAY. as k fo the a dpiond oft thil a n inliitt ~ LettwlrM. ao Ifront. Mi'.ushv ~ teya ~ adnys ~ ~ l1111Ive lit of vll ti o MIlTU of('in g I piioeld'le vte Mhou. UNRVoto lit e the is ant subsiute forderedhe a ntlendSertuty olio rn 1~ rl M ' 1 ~~ Ing e yea u-as cathold lld) Vile. sno 1t10 to ~~~itll tile roll. . vlclhlsiteii~l i 15 ~ Olint 1 1 ofe rmy ~ pa i 1 tie pr411eid usin b e anuilllel offrd the objec inould wlnhslatewtalled). Re.etin thei tilIjonte'Ollitili StLaes wdeon pais tand~ was ; c v i( ih f M.MIA i.Smirro hIigltll ll' mubro ieni M.n-A LLS ycohige[ noade , 101 ltile in vote ndoidertl lwom 1 ii.1 hu niab -iffilueeto t s d w 0 i te S..en t ni fr' m O iiniGtn [ Mr. Gow:N wmgtfrlls rglta to Vote I slli) dIill " litl ly. c Is transferhavoe so ilong fod ly vroteIi I wereat IliNxo 1 y 'i e ol clly desrv tie ori il e . Sei~O~i c etatry willeadiie tie Illness. Tilie PRESIDlN. Ir tempoil The 111 io :~' t eWoil hLi ( ai'iMl.''iSN' lM tilnatu e ! subii the Sn tin wiog i on [ I' M is dit ol leaue wer lresnt,1 l ol sIlTheI S ntni'my Dakota~ 'My . coleug i N. uNIN l il Cutey: i