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Uluv.ERSITY of Ftorida LIB.RARIES DEPARTMENT of NATURAL RESOURCES STATE OF FLORIDA DEPARTMENT OF NATURAL RESOURCES Tom Gardner, Execuuve Director DIVISION OF RESOURCE MANAGEMENT Jeremy A. Craft, Director FLORIDA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY Walter Schmidt, State Geologist BULLETIN NO. 59 THE LITHOSTRATIGRAPHY OF THE HAWTHORN GROUP (MIOCENE) OF FLORIDA By Thomas M. Scott Published for the FLORIDA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY TALLAHASSEE 1988 UlUV.ERSITY OF FtORIDA LIB.RARIES DEPARTMENT OF NATURAL RESOURCES DEPARTMENT OF NATURAL RESOURCES BOB MARTINEZ Governor Jim Smith Bob Butterworth Secretary of State Attorney General Bill Gunter Gerald Lewis Treasurer Comptroller Betty Castor Doyle Conner Commissioner of Education Commissioner of Agriculture Tom Gardner Executive· Director ii LETTER OF TRANSMITTAL Bureau of Geology August 1988 Governor Bob Martinez, Chairman Florida Department of Natural Resources Tallahassee, Florida 32301 Dear Governor Martinez: The Florida Geological Survey, Bureau of Geology, Division of Resource Management, Department of Natural Resources, is publishing as its Bulletin No. 59, The Lithostratigraphy of the Hawthorn Group (Miocene) of Florida. This is the culmination of a study of the Hawthorn sediments which exist throughout much of Florida. The Hawthorn Group is of great importanceto the state since it constitutes the confining unit over the Floridan aquifer system. It is also of economic importance to the state due to its inclusion of major phosphorite deposits. This publication will be an important reference for future geological in­ vestigations in Florida. Respectfully yours, Walter Schmidt, Chief · Florida Geological Survey iii Printed for the Florida Geological Survey Tallahassee 1988 ISSN 0271-7832 iv TABLE OF CONTENTS Page Abstract ....... .......... ........................... ...............................xii Acknowledgements ...... ...... .......................... ..................... ......xiv . Introduction . ...... .. ... .... .... ...... .. .. .... .... ..... ........ .. .....1 . Purpose .... and ... Scope ... ..... .... ..... .. ..... ........ ...... .......1 . Method of Investigation . ........... .... .. ....... ........ 5 .. .......... Previous Investigations ... ........... .......... .. ....... .... .. ........ ...... 5 Geologic Structure ..... ..... .. ...... ........... ... ....... ......... .11 Introduction to lithostratigraphy . .... ......... ......... .... .. ................ 13 Hawthorn Formation to Group Status: Justification, . recognition . and . subdivision in Florida .... ..... ....... .... .... ..... ......13 Present .... .. Occurrence .......... .. .... ........... ......... ...........15 . North Florida . .. .................... .. .. ... ..... ...... ..... ........ 15 5 Introduction . ... ... .................... ... ......... .......... ... ... ....... 1 Penney Farms Formation ... .......... ... ....................... .... ........18 Definition and type locality . ..... ... ............... ... .......... .... ..... 18 Lithology .... ............ ...... ... .......... ..... .... ... .... .... .......21 Subjacent and suprajacent units . .............. .... ... ... .... ............... ...24 Thickness and areal extent . .... .............. ............... ........ ...... 24 Age and correlation .... .... ... ........... ... .... .......... ...... ....30 Discussion . ..... ...... ............ ........ .... ...... ....................34 Marks Head Formation . .... .................. ............ ......... .......... ... 34 Definition and reference section . .. ........ ........ ... .... .. .......... ...34 Lithology . ............ ............... ... ........ ..... .... .. .. .... ..34 Subjacent and suprajacent units . ......................... ... ...... ..... .... .....37 Thickness and areal extent ........................... ....... ........ ........ ......39 Age and correlation . ........ ...... ....... ... ..... ...... ..... ...... .....39 Discussion . ..... ...... .. ... .... .... ... ... .... .. 41 . 4 Coosawhatchie Formation ............ ........ .. .... ..... .......... .... 1 Definition and reference section ....... ........ ....... ............... ........... ..41 lithology ..... ... ........ .... ....... ...... ..... ...... ............. ..4 1 . Subjacent and suprajacent units . ..... .............. ... .... ..... ....... ....... 43 Thickness and areal extent ....... .. ...... ....................... .......... .. ..43 Age and correlation ......... .... ................... ............................. 43 ." Discussion ..... ..... ..... .... ..... ... ........ ....... ..... ...............46 Charlton Member of the Coosawhatchie Formation . ... .... ... ..... ... .... .... 46 . Definition and reference section ......... ... ...... ............. ..... : .......46 Lithology . ... ........... ....... .... .. ..... .............................. 46 Subjacent and suprajacent units ...... .... .. ..... .............. ......... ...... 46 Thickness and areal extent ... ........ ..... ............... ................... .....46 Age and correlation ..... .... ......... ...... ... ................... ....... ....4 8 Discussion . ... .... ....... .... ......... ...... ...... ............ ......49 Statenville Formation . ..... .......... .... ......................... .... .... ....50 Definition and type locality . ......... ...... .. ...... ........ .... ... ..........50 Lithology ........ .......... ... ....... ... ...... ....... ............... ....50 Subjacent and suprajacent units .. ..... .... ... .......... ............ ... ....52 Thickness and areal extent ......... ... .... .... ................. .............53 . .. Age and correlation ... ... ....... .. ... ........ .. ........ ....53 v Discussion ... ........................ ...................... ....... ...... .......54 Alachua Formation ... ..... ...... .... .... .... ......... ........ ............ .... 54 ..............................56 South Florida · ...................... .................. .... ........ ..........56 . .. ... ........ Arcadia Formation .. ......... ........ .... ..... ....... 56 . .... .. Definition and type section . ... ...... .. .. ............... .... ......56 Lithology .................. .. .... ... ...... .. .. ... ...... ...... ..58 . Subjacent and suprajacent units ... ... .... .. ... .... .. .. ....... ....... .. ..60 Thickness and areal extent ... ...... ............. ... Age and correlation ..... ............... ..... ...... ........ ......... ..... ....65 Discussion ... ........... ............. .... .... ..... ... ... ....... ... ... .....65 Tampa Member of the Arcadia Formation ...... ....... ... ......... ........: ........65 Definition and type section .... .......... ....... ... ...... .......... ....... ..65 Lithology . ..... ... ........... .............. ........... ............ ..... ... 70 Subjacent and suprajacent units ............. ... ..... ... ...... ..... ... ...........70 Thickness and areal extent . .. ............... ... ....... ... .... .............. ... ..70 Age and correlation .. ..... ...... .... ... ........................... ...... 72 Discussion ... ....... ... ............ .. .... .... ......... ... ... ... ...73 Nocatee Member of the Arcadia Formation ........ ........ ... ..... .......... ... ..73 Definition and type section . ........ .. ....... .............. ....... ... ......... ...73 Lithology . .... ............... ........ ..... ... ............ ........... ...... ..73 Subjacent and suprajacent units . .......... ..... .......... ........ ...... ... ...76 Thickness and areal extent . .... ..... ...... ............ ..........................76 Age and correlation ........... ... ... ............... ..... ... ..... .... .... ..76 Discussion . ............. ........ ... ...... ... ... ......... ..... ...... ..79 Peace River Formation .................... ... ... .... ........................ ..79 Definition and type section ........ .......... ..... ...... ....... .... .......79 Lithology ..... ... ... ........... ........ ... ..... ... ....... ........ ...79 Subjacent and suprajacent units .......... ...... ...... ........... ................. 81 Thickness and areal extent .... .... ..... ...... .... .... .......... ............ ..... 81 Age and correlation . ........ ... ... ... ... .... ......... ... ....... ... 84 Discussion ..... .................... ...·.. .. ... .... ......... ...... .... ... Bone Valley Member of the Peace River Formation .......................................8684 Definition and type locality ... .......... ..................J ••• •••••••••••••••••••••86 Lithology ..... .............. ........ ........... .... .... .... ... .... ...... ..87 Subjacent and suprajacent units .... ... .............. .... ... ... ... ... ... .... ..88 Thickness and areal extent . ... ... ... ... ....... .... ...... ......... ......88 Age and correlation . ... ... ... ..... .... ...... ........ ... .......... ..88 Discussion .... ........... ... ... ....... .......... ... ....... ... .... ... 90 Eastern Florida Panhandle ... ..... .......... .............. ... .... .... ......... .... 91 Torreya Formation . ..... ............... ..... ... ......... .... ... .... ... ....... 91 Definition and type section ................ .... .... ........ .... ...... ............ 91 Lithology ........ ... ................. ........... ................ ...... .......91 Subjacent and suprajacent units ..... ........ .... ........ ......... ...... ......... 96 Thickness and areal extent ..... ...... ... ........................... ...........100 Age and correlation . ...... ..... ........... ... .... .... ... ... .... ...... .....100
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