Comparison of Histopathology, Immunofluorescence, and Serology
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Introduction to Flow Cytometry Principles Data Analysis Protocols Troubleshooting
Flow Cytometry ipl.qxd 11/12/06 11:14 Page i Introduction to Flow Cytometry Principles Data analysis Protocols Troubleshooting By Misha Rahman, Ph.D. Technical advisors Andy Lane, Ph.D. Angie Swindell, M.Sc. Sarah Bartram, B.Sc. Your first choice for antibodies! Flow Cytometry ipl.qxd 11/12/06 11:14 Page ii Flow Cytometry ipl.qxd 11/12/06 11:14 Page iii Introduction to Flow Cytometry Principles Data analysis Protocols Troubleshooting By Misha Rahman, Ph.D. Technical advisors Andy Lane, Ph.D. Angie Swindell, M.Sc. Sarah Bartram, B.Sc. Flow Cytometry ipl.qxd 11/12/06 11:14 Page 2 Preface How can I explain what flow cytometry is to someone that knows nothing about it? Well, imagine it to be a lot like visiting a supermarket. You choose the goods you want and take them to the cashier. Usually you have to pile them onto a conveyor. The clerk picks up one item at a time and interrogates it with a laser to read the barcode. Once identified and if sense prevails, similar goods are collected together e.g. fruit and vegetables go into one shopping bag and household goods into another. Now picture in your mind the whole process automated; replace shopping with biological cells; and substitute the barcode with cellular markers – welcome to the world of flow cytometry and cell sorting! We aim to give you a basic overview of all the important facets of flow cytometry without delving too deeply into the complex mathematics and physics behind it all. For that there are other books (some recommended at the back). -
A Multicenter Analysis of Subjectivity of Indirect Immunofluorescence Test in Antinuclear Antibody Screening
Arch Rheumatol 2019;34(3):326-333 doi: 10.5606/ArchRheumatol.2019.7310 ORIGINAL ARTICLE A Multicenter Analysis of Subjectivity of Indirect Immunofluorescence Test in Antinuclear Antibody Screening Vildan TURAN FARAŞAT1, Talat ECEMİŞ1, Yavuz DOĞAN2, Aslı Gamze ŞENER3, Gülfem TEREK ECE4, Pınar ERBAY DÜNDAR5, Tamer ŞANLIDAĞ6 1Department of Medical Microbiology, Manisa Celal Bayar University, Faculty of Medicine, Manisa, Turkey 2Department of Medical Microbiology, Dokuz Eylül University, Faculty of Medicine, Izmir, Turkey 3Department of Medical Microbiology, Katip Çelebi University, Faculty of Medicine, Izmir, Turkey 4Department of Medical Microbiology, Izmir Medicalpark Hospital, Izmir, Turkey 5Department of Public Health, Manisa Celal Bayar University, Faculty of Medicine, Manisa, Turkey 6Department of Medical Microbiology, Manisa Celal Bayar University, Faculty of Medicine, Manisa, Turkey ABSTRACT Objectives: This study aims to evaluate the interpretation of the antinuclear antibody (ANA)-indirect immunofluorescence (IIF) test results based on the interpreter-related subjectivity and to examine the inter-center agreement rates with the performance of each laboratory. Patients and methods: The ANA-IIF testing was carried out in a total of 600 sera and evaluated by four laboratories. The inter-center agreement rates were detected. The same results given by the four centers were accepted as gold standard and the predictive values of each center were calculated. Results: The inter-center agreement was reported for ANA-IIF test results from 392 of 600 (65.3%) sera, while 154 of 392 results were positive. Four study centers reported 213 (35.5%), 222 (37.0%), 266 (44.3%), and 361 (60.2%) positive test results, respectively. In terms of the patterns, the highest and lowest positive predictive values were 72.3% and 42.7%, respectively, while the highest and lowest negative predictive values were 99.6% and 61.5%, respectively. -
Journal of Blood Group Serology and Molecular Genetics Volume 34, Number 1, 2018 CONTENTS
Journal of Blood Group Serology and Molecular Genetics VOLUME 34, N UMBER 1, 2018 This issue of Immunohematology is supported by a contribution from Grifols Diagnostics Solutions, Inc. Dedicated to advancement and education in molecular and serologic immunohematology Immunohematology Journal of Blood Group Serology and Molecular Genetics Volume 34, Number 1, 2018 CONTENTS S EROLOGIC M ETHOD R EVIEW 1 Warm autoadsorption using ZZAP F.M. Tsimba-Chitsva, A. Caballero, and B. Svatora R EVIEW 4 Proceedings from the International Society of Blood Transfusion Working Party on Immunohaematology Workshop on the Clinical Significance of Red Blood Cell Alloantibodies, Friday, September 2, 2016, Dubai A brief overview of clinical significance of blood group antibodies M.J. Gandhi, D.M. Strong, B.I. Whitaker, and E. Petrisli C A S E R EPORT 7 Management of pregnancy sensitized with anti-Inb with monocyte monolayer assay and maternal blood donation R. Shree, K.K. Ma, L.S. Er and M. Delaney R EVIEW 11 Proceedings from the International Society of Blood Transfusion Working Party on Immunohaematology Workshop on the Clinical Significance of Red Blood Cell Alloantibodies, Friday, September 2, 2016, Dubai A review of in vitro methods to predict the clinical significance of red blood cell alloantibodies S.J. Nance S EROLOGIC M ETHOD R EVIEW 16 Recovery of autologous sickle cells by hypotonic wash E. Wilson, K. Kezeor, and M. Crosby TO THE E DITOR 19 The devil is in the details: retention of recipient group A type 5 years after a successful allogeneic bone marrow transplant from a group O donor L.L.W. -
Online-Only Appendix: List of Inclusion and Exclusion Criteria
ONLINE-ONLY APPENDIX: LIST OF INCLUSION AND EXCLUSION CRITERIA INCLUSION CRITERIA [1] Male subjects between the ages of 35 and 70 years, inclusive, with Type 2 diabetes mellitus as defined by the American Diabetes Association (Diabetes care, Vol. 21: S5- S19, 1998) for more than one year. [2] Subjects must have Body Mass Index (BMI) < 36 kg/m². [3] Stable glycemic control (Hb A1C <11%). [4] Subjects must be off all oral hypoglycemic agents 24 hours prior to each study dosing day and off any investigational drug for at least four weeks. [5] Subjects must refrain from strenuous physical activity beginning 72 hours prior to admission and through the duration of the study. [6] Subjects must be willing and able to be confined to the Clinical Research Unit as required by the protocol. [7] Subjects must be willing and able to provide written informed consent. EXCLUSION CRITERIA [1] History or presence of clinically significant cardiovascular, respiratory, hepatic, renal, gastrointestinal, neurological or infectious disorders capable of altering the absorption, metabolism or elimination of drugs, or of constituting a risk factor when taking the study medication. [2] Subjects with gastroparesis, orthostatic hypotension and hypoglycemia unawareness (autonomic neuropathy). [3] Subjects with “brittle” diabetes or predisposition to severe hypoglycemia, e.g., 2 or more serious hypoglycemic episodes (requiring another’s assistance) within the past year, or any hospitalization or emergency room visit due to poor diabetic control within the past 6 months. [4] Evidence of significant active hematological disease and/or cumulative blood donation of 1 unit (500 mL) or more including blood drawn during clinical trials in the last 3 months. -
Application of Quantitative Immunofluorescence to Clinical Serology: Antibody Levels of Treponema Pallidum GRACE L
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY, May 1992, p. 1294-1296 Vol. 30, No. 5 0095-1137/92/051294-03$02.00/0 Copyright C 1992, American Society for Microbiology Application of Quantitative Immunofluorescence to Clinical Serology: Antibody Levels of Treponema pallidum GRACE L. PICCIOLO* AND DAVID S. KAPLAN Center for Devices and Radiological Health, Food and Drug Administration, 12200 Wilkins Avenue, Rockville, Maryland 20852 Received 27 March 1991/Accepted 20 January 1992 A previously reported method of quantitative immunofluorescence, employing a calibrated photometric system and chemically stabilized fluorescence intensity, was used to replace the subjective, visual method of endpoint determination with a quantitative, calibrated measurement of antibodies to Treponema paUlidum in serum. The results of the quantitative immunofluorescence method showed a 90% correlation with the subjective determinations of the visual method. A quantitative immunofluorescence (QIF) method to de- measured by using an acridine orange filter set, with a 400- to termine immunofluorescence with a quantitative, calibrated 440-nm excitation and LP 470 emission filters. photometric intensity of the fluorescent reaction product has Reducing agent. Dithioerythritol (DTE) (Sigma Chemical been reported previously by us (4). This method used uranyl Co., St. Louis, Mo.) was prepared as stock solution contain- glass slides in the calibration and standardization of the ing 0.3 M reducing agent in 0.5 M Tris buffer, pH 8.2 (Sigma microscope-photometer voltage measurements. To stabilize Chemical Co.). DTE was diluted 1:9 with standard buffered the fluorescence emission, dithioerythritol (DTE) was incor- glycerol mounting medium (Clinical Sciences, Inc., Whip- porated into the buffered glycerol mounting medium of the pany, N.J.) (4, 8). -
Clinical Placements Serology Screening for Students
Gawler Place Medical Practice Level 1, Key Invest Building 49 Gawler Place Adelaide SA 5000 T: 08 8212 7175 F: 08 8212 1993 E: [email protected] www.adelaideunicare.com.au CLINICAL PLACEMENTS SEROLOGY SCREENING FOR STUDENTS Gawler Place Medical Practice have put together this Question and Answer sheet to assist you in meeting the requirements of SA Health’s Immunisation for Health Care Workers in South Australia Policy – August 2017. It is a requirement that all Health Care Workers have adequate immunisation against certain diseases prior to working in a clinical environment. What is Serology Screening and why do I need to do it? Serology Screening is a blood test that looks for antibodies in your blood. The purpose of such a test is to detect serum antibodies to prove protective immunity against a disease. Where can I have Serology Screening done? Gawler Place Medical Practice offer Serology Screening appointments to allow incoming students to have their serology screening completed, and where required, obtain their required vaccinations to meet SA Health’s Immunisation for Health Care Workers in South Australia – August 2017. Australian Clinical Labs are located within our Practice so that you can have your blood taken (if required) as soon as you have seen the doctor. How do I make an appointment? You may contact the practice to organise an appointment, our telephone number is 8212 7175 or make a booking online. Please make a long appointment booking. If you need to change or cancel an appointment please contact our Practice on (08) 2127175 as soon as possible so that your appointment can be offered to another person. -
AG 39: Immunofluorescence Assays (PDF)
ibidi Application Guide Immunofluorescence Assays The Principle of Immunofluorescence Immunofluorescence Applied: Assays . 2 Experimental Examples . 13 Rat Hippocampal Neuron and Astrocyte Staining 14 Immunofluorescence Staining: Visualization of Endothelial Cell Junctions . 13 A Typical Workflow . 3 Immunostaining of Rat Dorsal Root Ganglionic Experiment Planning and Sample Preparation . 4 Cells and Schwann Cells . 13 Sample Fixation . 4 Adherens Junctions and Actin Cytoskeleton of Cell Permeabilization . 5 HUVECs Under Flow . 14 Blocking . 5 Mitochondria Staining of MDCK cells . 14 Primary Antibody Incubation . 5 Focal Adhesions of Differentiated Mouse Fibroblasts on an Elastic Surface . 15 Secondary Antibody Incubation . 6 Counterstain and Mounting . 7 Microscopy . 7 Troubleshooting . 8 Selected Publications Immunofluorescence C. Xu, et al. NPTX2 promotes colorectal cancer growth and liver With the ibidi Chambers . 9 metastasis by the activation of the canonical Wnt/beta-catenin pathway via FZD6. Cell Death & Disease, 2019, 10.1038/s41419- Comparison of Immunocytochemistry Protocols . 10 019-1467-7 Chambered Coverslips . 11 read abstract Kobayashi, T., et al. Principles of early human development and Channel Slides . 11 germ cell program from conserved model systems. Nature, Chamber Slides . 12 2017, 10.1038/nature22812 read abstract H. Tada et al. Porphyromonas gingivalis Gingipain-Dependently Enhances IL-33 Production in Human Gingival Epithelial Cells. PloS one, 2016, 10.1371/journal.pone.0152794 read abstract N. J. Foy, M. Akhrymuk, A. V. Shustov, E. I. Frolova and I. Frolov. Hypervariable Domain of Nonstructural Protein nsP3 of Venezuelan Equine Encephalitis Virus Determines Cell-Specific Mode of Virus Replication. Journal of Virology, 2013, 10.1128/ jvi.00720-13 read abstract .com The Principle of Immunofluorescence Assays Immunofluorescence (IF) is a powerful approach for getting insight into cellular structures and processes using microscopy . -
Iron Deficiency Anemia: Evaluation and Management MATTHEW W
Iron Deficiency Anemia: Evaluation and Management MATTHEW W. SHORT, LTC, MC, USA, and JASON E. DOMAGALSKI, MAJ, MC, USA Madigan Healthcare System, Tacoma, Washington Iron deficiency is the most common nutritional disorder worldwide and accounts for approxi- mately one-half of anemia cases. The diagnosis of iron deficiency anemia is confirmed by the findings of low iron stores and a hemoglobin level two standard deviations below normal. Women should be screened during pregnancy, and children screened at one year of age. Supple- mental iron may be given initially, followed by further workup if the patient is not responsive to therapy. Men and postmenopausal women should not be screened, but should be evaluated with gastrointestinal endoscopy if diagnosed with iron deficiency anemia. The underlying cause should be treated, and oral iron therapy can be initiated to replenish iron stores. Paren- teral therapy may be used in patients who cannot tolerate or absorb oral preparations. (Am Fam Physician. 2013;87(2):98-104. Copyright © 2013 American Academy of Family Physicians.) ▲ Patient information: ron deficiency anemia is diminished red causes of microcytosis include chronic A handout on iron defi- blood cell production due to low iron inflammatory states, lead poisoning, thalas- ciency anemia, written by 1 the authors of this article, stores in the body. It is the most com- semia, and sideroblastic anemia. is available at http://www. mon nutritional disorder worldwide The following diagnostic approach is rec- aafp.org/afp/2013/0115/ I and accounts for approximately one-half of ommended in patients with anemia and is p98-s1.html. Access to anemia cases.1,2 Iron deficiency anemia can outlined in Figure 1.2,6-11 A serum ferritin level the handout is free and unrestricted. -
Sourcebook in Forensic Serology, Immunology, and Biochemistry
UNIT VII. HEMOGLOBIN, SERUM GROUP SYSTEMS, HLA AND OTHER GENETIC MARKERS Hemoglobin SECTION 38. HEMOGLOBIN 38.1 Introduction Hemoglobin (Hb)is the major protein of human red cells, forth. Hemoglobins exist which contain only one kind of comprising about 95% of their dry weight. Adult human chain: Hb H is B4, for example, and Hb Bart's is 7,. blood normally contains from about 4 million to 6.5 million Jones (1961) pointed out that hemoglobin structural red cells per mm3 blood, the average figure being slightly heterogeneity can be classified as follows: (1) Maturation higher for men. Hemoglobin itself is present in concentra- heterogeneity, which refers to the fact that different tions of about 14 to 16 g per 100 mP blood. It is the oxygen hemoglobins are normally synthesized during different transporting protein in higher animals; without a molecule stages of development. There are embryonic, fetal and adult having its properties, complex multicellular aerobic life as hemoglobins. (2) Minor hemoglobin heterogeneity, which we know it would not be possible. refers to the presence of small amounts of structurally dif- Hemoglobin is one of the most extensively studied of all ferent but normal hemoglobins along with the major proteins, and its literature fills many volumes. As noted in component characteristic of a particular stage of develop- section 5.1, it acquired its present name over 100 years ago ment; and (3) genetic heterogeneity, which refers to the (Hoppe-Seyler, 1864). In forensic serology, hemoglobiin is various "abnormal" hemoglobin variants. Many of these important in two principal contexts: (1) Blood is normally are thought to be the result of point mutations, and with a idenad in questioned samples by procedures designed to few exceptions, variant hemoglobins are very rare. -
COVID-19 Resources for Clinical Chemistry Laboratories
COVID-19 Resources for Clinical Chemistry Laboratories Last updated: 8 September 2020 The following is a list of resources related to the laboratory management of the COVID-19 outbreak. Jump to section • Resources from governing bodies • Personal safety and use of PPE • Disease transmission • Diagnostic testing • Clinical features and the role of laboratory testing • Paediatrics • Maternal medicine • Treatment for COVID-19 • Research This collection of resources reflects a rapidly changing situation. We have not critically appraised all resources cited here for scientific validity but tried to present information that is believed to help laboratory professionals in formulating their local policies in a better- informed manner. The interim advice or conclusions presented here may change as more information is gathered. If you wish to add a resource or have any other feedback, please get in touch via the contact details below: Dr Simon Thompson Chemical Pathology Registrar, NSW Health Pathology [email protected] Contents Resources from governing bodies ................................................................................. 3 Australian Government advice ....................................................................................... 3 NSW Health ................................................................................................................... 3 World Health Organisation ............................................................................................. 3 RCPA ............................................................................................................................ -
Interpreting Liver Function Tests CONTENTS
A CASE-BASED SERIES ON PRACTICAL PATHOLOGY FOR GPs FEBRUARY 2020 Interpreting liver function tests CONTENTS: • Dealing with abnormal LFTs in the asymptomatic patient • Diagnosing Gilbert’s syndrome © The Royal College of • Establishing the source of raised ALP Pathologists of Australasia 2 Authors: Dr Melissa Gillett Dr Rebecca Brereton MBBS, FRACP, FRCPA, MAACB Specialist Chemical Pathologist, Chemical Pathologist, Fiona Stanley Hospital Network Fiona Stanley Hospital Network Laboratory, PathWest Laboratory Laboratory, PathWest Laboratory Medicine, Murdoch, WA Medicine, Murdoch, WA Common Sense Pathology is developed by the Royal College of Pathologists of Australasia and supported by Australian Doctor Group. © 2020 Royal College of Pathologists of Australasia www.rcpa.edu.au CEO: Dr Debra Graves Email: [email protected] While the views expressed are those of the authors, modified by expert reviewers, they are not necessarily held by the College. Published by Australian Doctor Group Level 2, 26-32 Pyrmont Bridge Road, Pyrmont NSW 2009 Ph: 1300 360 126 Email: [email protected] Website: www.australiandoctorgroup.com.au ACN: 615 959 914 ABN: 94 615 959 914 ISSN: 1039-7116 The views expressed in this publication are not necessarily those of Australian Doctor Group. This issue is produced and owned by the Royal College of Pathologists of Australasia and distributed by Australian Doctor Group. Common Sense Pathology Editor: Dr Steve Flecknoe-Brown Email: [email protected] Editor: Dr Karley Heyworth Email: [email protected] Sub-editor: Lesley Hoye Email: [email protected] Graphic Designer: Kate O’Dea Email: [email protected] For an electronic version of this issue, please visit www.howtotreat.com.au You can also visit the Royal College of Pathologists of Australasia’s website at www.rcpa.edu.au Click on Library and Publications, then Common Sense Pathology. -
Sourcebook in Forensic Serology, Immunology, and Biochemistry: Unit
U. S. Department of Justice National Institute of Justice Sourcebook in Forensic Serology, Immunology, and Biochemistry Unit M:Banslations of Selected Contributions to the Original Literature of Medicolegal Examinations of Blood and Body Fluids - a publication of the National Institute of Justice About the National Institute of Justice The National lnstitute of Justice is a research branch of the U.S. Department of Justice. The Institute's mission is to develop knowledge about crime. its causes and control. Priority is given to policy-relevant research that can yield approaches and information State and local agencies can use in preventing and reducing crime. Established in 1979 by the Justice System Improvement Act. NIJ builds upon the foundation laid by the former National lnstitute of Law Enforcement and Criminal Justice. the first major Federal research program on crime and justice. Carrying out the mandate assigned by Congress. the National lnstitute of Justice: Sponsors research and development to improve and strengthen the criminal justice system and related civil justice aspects, with a balanced program of basic and applied research. Evaluates the effectiveness of federally funded justice improvement programs and identifies programs that promise to be successful if continued or repeated. Tests and demonstrates new and improved approaches to strengthen the justice system, and recommends actions that can be taken by Federal. State. and local governments and private organbations and individuals to achieve this goal. Disseminates information from research. demonstrations, evaluations. and special prograrris to Federal. State. and local governments: and serves as an international clearinghouse of justice information. Trains criminal justice practitioners in research and evaluation findings.