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Identiklik Və Multikulturalizm: Metodologiya, Tendensiyalar Və Perspektivlər

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Identiklik Və Multikulturalizm: Metodologiya, Tendensiyalar Və Perspektivlər AZƏRBAYCAN MİLLİ ELMLƏR AKADEMİYASININ FƏLSƏFƏ İNSTİTUTU «KA FOSKARİ» UNİVERSİTETİ AZƏRBAYCAN RESPUBLİKASININ PREZİDENTİ YANINDA BİLİK FONDU İDENTİKLİK VƏ MULTİKULTURALİZM: METODOLOGİYA, TENDENSİYALAR VƏ PERSPEKTİVLƏR Beynəlxalq elmi konfransın toplusu IDENTITY AND MULTICULTURALISM: METHODOLOGY, TENDENCIES AND PERSPECTIVES Collection of International Scientific Conference Bakı – 2018 Baş redaktor: f.e.d. İlham Məmmədzadə Məsul redaktor: f.ü.f.d. Zöhrə Əliyeva Məsul katib: Sevanə Mirzəyeva Redaksiya heyətinin üzvləri: f.ü.f.d. Eynulla Mədətli h.e.d., prof. İsaxan Vəliyev f.ü.f.d. Sevinc Həsənova Editor-in-Chief: Dr.Prof. Ilham Mammadzada Responsible Editor: Ph.D. Zohra Aliyeva Executive Assistant: Sevana Mirzayeva Members of the editorial board: Ph.D. Eynulla Madatli Dr.Prof. İsaxan Valiyev Ph.D. Sevinc Hasanova ISBNI: 978-9952-28-417-1 © AMEA FƏLSƏFƏ İNSTİTUTU, 2018 ÖN SÖZ Oxucuya təqdim olunan bu kitab AMEA Fəlsəfə İnstitutu ilə Venesiyada «Ka Foskari» Universitetinin birgə hazırladıqları Azər- baycan və İtalyan multikulturalizm modelləri və maarifçilik prob- lemlərinə, həmçinin mədəniyyətlərarası qarşılıqlı əlaqələr ilə iden- tikliyin formalaşması arasında bağlılığın analizinə həsr olunmuş məqalələr toplusudur. Sözügedən məsələlər Bakıda keçirilmiş II Beynəlxalq kon- frans-seminarın əsas müzakirə mövzuları olmuşdur. Qeyd etmək lazımdır ki, AMEA ilə «Ka Foskari» Universiteti arasında əməkdaşlıq haqqında saziş imzalanmışdır ki, məhz bu sazişə əsasən, növbəli olaraq həm Bakıda, həm də Venesiyada seminarlar keçirilir. 1-ci seminar «Ka Foskari» Universitetində keçirilmişdir. Hal-hazırda dünyada multikulturalizm mövzusu ətrafında çox mübahisələr gedir: kimisi artıq sona çatdığını, kimisi də onun aktu- allığının qırılmaz olduğunu və bunların müasir qloballaşan dünyada rolunun artdığını iddia edir. Çox güman ki, Azərbaycan məhz o öl- kələrdən biridir ki, multikulturalizmə alternativ görmür, eyni za- manda müxtəlif fənn və sahələrin alimlərini cəlb etməklə, bu sahədə tədqiqatlar aparır və onları təşkil edir. Mədəniyyətlərin qarşılıqlı təsir fəlsəfəsi ilə maarifçilik fəlsəfəsi bir-birilə sıx bağlıdır. Bu seminar da məhz maarifçiliklə mədəniyyət- lərin qarşılıqlı əlaqəsinin seçilib tapılmasına istiqamətlənmişdir. Bu yöndə gedən tədqiqatların müəlliflərinin fikrincə, bu mövzu çox geniş və maraqlı olmaqla bərabər, yalnız sözügedən məsələlərin analizini deyil, həmçinin XIX əsr Azərbaycan və İtalyan maarifçiləri- nin mənəvi irsinin yenidən dərk edilməsini də özündə ehtiva edir. Qeyd edək ki, konfrans – seminarda təbrik nitqi ilə çıxış edən İtaliyanın Azərbaycandakı səfiri cənab Auqusto Massari və AMEA- nın vitse-prezidenti akademik İsa Həbibbəyli seminarın mövzu ak- tuallığını və əhəmiyyətini yekdilliklə qeyd etmiş, mümkün tədqiqat istiqamətlərinin dərinliyini və bütün bu məsələlərin İtaliya və Azər- 3 baycan intellektual fikrinin inkişafı üçün əhəmiyyətini vurğulamış- lar. Çox təqdirəlayiqdir ki, İtalyan professorları Qafqazda maarifçi- lik və multikulturalizmi məsələlərini analiz edirlər. Bu yöndə prof. Aldo Ferrarinin məruzəsi maraq doğurur. Həmçinin prof. Canpyero Belincerinin Azərbaycan dilində oxuduğu məruzə də maraqlı fikir- lərə səbəb oldu. Azərbaycanda və digər iştirakçı dövlətlərdə multi- kulturalizm siyasəti və strategiyası haqqında prof. Karlo Frappinin analitik və dərin məzmunlu məruzəsi də az maraq oyatmadı. Möv- zuya münasibətdə müxtəlif yanaşmaları ilə – maarifçilik siyasəti məsələləri, Azərbaycan və İtalyan maarifçiliyinin müqayisəli anali- zi, tarix, mədəniyyət vədinin fəlsəfəsi üzrə metodoloji məsələlərin analizinin vacibliyi və s. – Azərbaycan filosofları xüsusilə fərqlən- dilər. Onlardan birinin italyan dilində etdiyi məruzə də böyük mara- ğa səbəb oldu. Konfransdakı çıxışlarında azərbaycanlı natiqlər aşağıdakı 3 əsas postulatı – məqamı xüsusilə qeyd etdilər: 1) Azərbaycan Respublikasının Prezidentinin təşəbbüsləri; 2) Beynəlxalq Bakı Humanitar forumlarının, Mədəniyyət dialoqu forumlarının elmi və mənəvi irsinin istifadəsinin əhəmiyyəti və 3) tədqiqat işlərinin mədəniyyət dialoqunun, tolerantlığın tərbiyə olunması təcrübəsi ilə uzlaşdırılmasının vacibliyi. 4 ВВЕДЕНИЕ Читатель видит перед собой книгу – сборник статей фило- софов Института Философии НАНА и Венецианского Универ- ситета «Ка Фоскари», посвященную проблемам моделей азер- байджанского и итальянского мультикультурализма, просвеще- ния, анализу связей между взаимодействием культур и форми- рованием идентичности. Эти вопросы обсуждались на втором международном семинаре – конференции, прошедшей в Баку. Напомним, что между Институтом Философии НАНА и Уни- верситетом «Ка Фоскари» подписан «Договор» о сотрудничест- ве, в соответствии с которым проводятся семинары с очеред- ностью в Венеции и Баку. Первая была проведена в стенах «Ка Фоскари». О мультикультурализме много спорят в мире, кто-то ут- верждает, что наступила «смерть мультикультурализма», кто- то утверждает, что его актуальность неразрывно переплетена с вопросом о беженцах, диаспорах, и их возрастающей роли в современном глобальном мире. Не меньше спорят о просвеще- нии. Пожалуй, Азербайджан – одна из стран, где не видят аль- тернативы мультикультурализму и, одновременно, пытаются организовать его исследования с привлечением ученых различ- ных дисциплин. Философия взаимодействия культур, филосо- фия просвещения – неразрывно связаны между собой. Нынеш- ний семинар, как раз таки, ориентирован на вычленение связей между просвещением и взаимодействием культур. Как видится авторам данного исследования тема обширная и интересная, предполагающая не только анализ этих вопросов, но и переос- мысления духовного наследия просветителей Азербайджана и Италии Х1Х века. Отметим, что на семинаре-конференции с приветствен- ным словом выступил уважаемый посол Италии в Азербайджа- не господин Аугусто Массари, вице Президент НАНА акаде- 5 мик Иса Хабиббейли, которые в один голос признали значи- мость темы семинара, глубину возможных направлений иссле- дования, их значимость для интеллектуальной мысли Италии и Азербайджана. Важно то, что итальянские профессора анализи- ровали вопросы просвещения и мультикультурализма на Кав- казе. Представлял интерес в этом контексте доклад профессора Альдо Феррари. Вызвал размышления доклад профессора Джанпьеро Беллинджери, прочитанный им на азербайджанс- ком языке. Не менее аналитическим и глубоким оказался док- лад и профессора Карло Фраппи о политике мультикультура- лизма в Азербайджане, о стратегии Азербайджанской Респуб- лики и других участников. Разносторонними подходами к теме отличились и азербайджанские философы. Тут и вопросы фи- лософии просвещения, сравнительный анализ итальянского просвещения и азербайджанского, необходимость анализа ме- тодологических вопросов философии истории, культуры и ре- лигии и т.д. Было выступление и азербайджанского исследова- теля на итальянском языке. В своих выступлениях на конференции они специально выделили три основных постулата: об инициативах Президента Азербайджана, о необходимости использования научного и ду- ховного наследия Международных Бакинских гуманитарных Форумов, Форумов Диалога Культур, о необходимости соче- тать исследовательскую работу с практикой диалога культур, воспитания толерантности. И, наконец, о том, что в нашу сов- ременную эпоху просвещение и просветительская работа ста- новятся определяющими для будущего. 6 INTRODUCTION A reader finds before him the book collection of articles by philosophers of the institute of philosophy of NASA and and Venetian University “La Foscari” dedicated to the problems of models of Azerbaijan and Italian multiculturalism, enlightenment, the analysis of the links between interaction of cultures and formation of identity. These questions were discussed at the second international seminar – conference, held in Baku. Remind that between the institute of philosophy of NASA and University “La Foscari” there was signed the “Negotiations” on collaboration in conformity with which the seminars are held in turn in Venice and Baku. The first seminar was held within the walls of “La Foscari”. They argue much on multiculturalism in the world, some affirm that the “death of multiculturalism has come, the other asserts that actuality is inseparably interwoven with the question on refugees, diaspora and their increasing role in modern global world. No less they hold debates on enlightenment. Very likely Azerbaijan is one among countries where they don’t see alternative for multiculturalism and at the same time try organise its research with evolving scientists of different disciplines philosophy of interaction of cultures, philosophy of enlightenment are indissolubly between themselves. The current seminar is just oriented towards to exposing the links between enlightenment and interaction of cultures. As the authors of the research view, the theme is extensive and interesting, supposing not only the analysis of these questions but also comprehending anew the spiritual heritage of enlightening of Azerbaijan - Italy of the XX century. Let’s point that in seminar – conference the respected ambassador of Italy in Azerbaijan, Mr. Augusto Massari delivered a speech of welcome, as well as vice-president of NASA, academician Isa Habibbayli who in one voice admitted significance of a subject of the seminar, the depth of possible directions of 7 research, their importance for intellectual thought of Italy and Azerbaijan. It is important that Italian professors analysed the issue of enlightenment and multiculturalism on the caucuses. In this context the report of professor Aldo Ferrari was of interest. The report
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