Accessibility in Cities: Transport and Urban Form
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Research Archive and Digital Asset Repository
View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by Oxford Brookes University: RADAR RADAR Research Archive and Digital Asset Repository Ward, S. (2017) 'Colin Buchanan's American Journey', Town Planning Review, 88 (2), pp. 201-231. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3828/tpr.2017.13 This document is the authors’ Accepted Manuscript. License: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0 Available from RADAR: https://radar.brookes.ac.uk/radar/items/72ee92f0-fe9a-49fd-9b1d-7f86d6c61059/1/ Copyright © and Moral Rights are retained by the author(s) and/ or other copyright owners unless otherwise waved in a license stated or linked to above. A copy can be downloaded for personal non-commercial research or study, without prior permission or charge. This item cannot be reproduced or quoted extensively from without first obtaining permission in writing from the copyright holder(s). The content must not be changed in any way or sold commercially in any format or medium without the formal permission of the copyright holders. Colin Buchanan’s American Journey Stephen V. Ward School of the Built Environment Oxford Brookes University Headington Oxford OX3 OBP, UK [email protected] 1 Colin Buchanan’s American Journey Introduction In Autumn 1962, the British planner, Colin Buchanan, made an extensive eight-week tour of the United States. His purpose was professional and official, part of a major British government study to find appropriate planning responses to the long term problems of urban motor traffic. Buchanan’s intention was to learn and draw lessons from American experiences that could be applied to Britain, then becoming a mass motorised society. -
TIME GEOGRAPHY and SPACE–TIME PRISM Conceptualization in the 1960S
context. Basic time geographic concepts, such Time geography and as events being sparsely distributed in time and space–time prism space, limited time availability, and trading time for space to access activities, seem mundane, Harvey J. Miller since they are common and correspond with The Ohio State University, USA everyday experience. But this is why time geog- raphy is needed: these seemingly banal but utterly Time geography is a constraints-oriented crucial factors in our scientific explanations of approach to understanding human activities in human behavior should not be neglected. Time space and time. Time geography recognizes that geography provides a framework that demands humans have fundamental spatial and temporal recognition of the fundamental constraints limitations: people can physically only be in one underlying human experience and also provides place at a time and activities occur at a sparse set an effective conceptual system for keeping track of places for limited durations. Participating in an of these conditions. activity requires allocating scarce available time Time geography originates from Professor to access and conduct the activity. Constraints Torsten Hägerstrand (1916–2004), a Swedish on activity participation include the location and geographer who spent his career at the Univer- timing of anchors that compel presence (such as sity of Lund. He nurtured the ideas for a long home and work), the time budget for access and time, but time geography emerged dramatically activity, and the ability to trade time for space in to the international scientific community with using mobility or information and communication a now-famous 1969 presidential address to the technologies (ICTs). -
Rethinking Mobility at the Urban-Transportation-Geography Nexus
View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by Repository@Hull - CRIS 1 Rethinking mobility at the urban-transportation-geography nexus Andrew E.G. Jonas Department of Geography, Environment and Earth Sciences Hull University Hull HU6 7RX United Kingdom [email protected] Author final version October 2014 This is the accepted pre-proof manuscript version of a chapter to appear in J. Cidell and D. Prytherch (eds.) (2015) Transportation, Mobility and the Production of Urban Space (London: Routledge), pp.281-94. Further details at: http://www.routledgementalhealth.com/books/details/9781138891340/ Abstract Building on the main sections of the book, this concluding chapter identifies four thematic areas for future research into the urban-transportation-geography nexus as follows: (1) the everyday experience of transport and mobility in the “ordinary city”; (2) the environment and the urban politics of mobility; (3) connected cities and competitive states; and (4) transportation mobility and new imaginaries of city-regional development. Introduction The “new mobilities paradigm” (Sheller and Urry 2006) in social and cultural studies is transforming the ways in which scholars think about space – especially urban space (Amin and Thrift 2002). It comes on the back of wider discussions about the spatiality of social life in cities, discussions often inspired by the writings of critical geographers and sociologists, such as Doreen Massey (1991) and Manuel Castells (2000), who place emphasis on understanding how urban processes are constituted through relationships, flows and networks extending far beyond the boundaries of the city. The status of world cities like London, for example, depends upon not just the spatial concentration of global financial institutions 2 within city boundaries but also the nature of global connections shaping the social characteristics of its diverse boroughs (Massey 2007). -
Road Signs: Geosemiotics and Human Mobility
ROAD SIGNS: GEOSEMIOTICS AND HUMAN MOBILITY by Salmiah Abdul Hamid DISSERTATION SUBMITTED on 6th AUGUST 2015 Thesis submitted: August 6, 2015 PhD supervisor: Prof. OLE B. JENSEN Aalborg University PhD committee: Associate Professor Claus Lassen (chairman) Aalborg University Department of Development and Planning Rendsburggade 14 DK-9000 Aalborg E-mail: [email protected] Aga Skorupka Senior Architectural psychologist, PhD Planning and Architecture Department Postboks 427 Skøyen, N-0213 Oslo E-mail: [email protected] Associate Professor Birgitte Geert Jensen Arkitektskolen Aarhus Nørreport 20 DK-8000 Aarhus C E-mail: [email protected] PhD Series: Faculty of Engineering and Sciences Aalborg University ISSN: xxxx- xxxx ISBN: xxx-xx-xxxx-xxx-x Published by: Aalborg University Press Skjernvej 4A, 2nd floor DK – 9220 Aalborg Ø Phone: +45 99407140 [email protected] forlag.aau.dk © Copyright by Salmiah Abdul Hamid Printed in Denmark by Rosendahls, 2015 Department of Architecture, Design & Media Technology Aalborg University This PhD research is funded by: Ministry of Higher Education and Universiti Malaysia Sarawak, Malaysia. CV Salmiah Abdul Hamid ([email protected]) is a Ph.D. Candidate in the Department of Architecture, Design and Media Technology, Aalborg University, Denmark. Her research interests include urban mobility, information graphics, road signs system and visual communication. She is currently completing her PhD dissertation on the intersections between geosemiotics and mobility practices towards the study of road signs. She is also a lecturer in the Department of Design Technology, Universiti Malaysia Sarawak and teaches graphic design courses. In the future, her aims are to integrate the mobility research into the graphic design field and improve the Malaysian city design planning and development. -
The History of Transport Systems in the UK
The history of transport systems in the UK Future of Mobility: Evidence Review Foresight, Government Office for Science The history of transport systems in the UK Professor Simon Gunn Centre for Urban History, University of Leicester December 2018 Acknowledgements I would like to thank Dr Aaron Andrews for his help with the research for this review, especially for creating the graphs, and Georgina Lockton for editing. The review has benefited from the input of an Advisory Group consisting of Professor Colin Divall (University of York); Professor Gordon Pirie (University of Cape Town); Professor Colin Pooley (Lancaster University); Professor Geoff Vigar (University of Newcastle). I thank them all for taking time to read the review at short notice and enabling me to draw on their specialist expertise. Any errors remaining are, of course, mine. This review has been commissioned as part of the UK government’s Foresight Future of Mobility project. The views expressed are those of the author and do not represent those of any government or organisation. This document is not a statement of government policy. This report has an information cut-off date of February 2018. The history of transport systems in the UK Executive summary The purpose of this review is to summarise the major changes affecting transport systems in the UK over the last 100 years. It is designed to enable the Foresight team to bring relevant historical knowledge to bear on the future of transport and mobility. The review analyses four aspects of transport and mobility across the twentieth century. The first section identifies significant points of change in the main transport modes. -
Low Traffic Neighbourhoods Residents Survey
Low Traffic Neighbourhoods Residents' Survey Report January 2021 Tracy Logan, Rob McPhedran, Amy Young, Emily King Contents Background and methodology 3 Background 3 Survey and sample methodology 6 A note on survey timing 6 Weighting 7 Notes on analysis 8 Area and LSOA subgroups 8 Social Grade definition 9 Business owners 9 Respondents with mobility issues 9 Mode of transport sub-group definitions 10 Executive Summary 11 Views on government action in local neighbourhoods 11 Support for the reduction of road traffic and the reallocation of space for walking and cycling 11 Perceived problems in local areas 12 Awareness of and support for local LTN 12 Support for wider implementation of LTNs across England 13 Perceived impact of local LTN 14 Views on government action in local neighbourhoods 15 Support for reduction of road traffic 18 Support for reallocation of road space for walking and cycling 21 Perceived problems in local areas 24 Awareness of and support for local LTN 27 Support for local LTN 28 Impact of local LTN 31 Frequency of transport use and visits to local businesses 38 Support for implementing LTNs more widely 42 Business Owner residents 44 Appendix 48 Questionnaire – online version 48 © Kantar 2020 1 Background and methodology Background In May 2020, the Secretary of State for Transport announced the Emergency Active Travel Fund, which included funding allocations for emergency active travel schemes for local authorities. Low Traffic Neighbourhoods (LTNs) offer a cost-effective way of delivering safe streets for walking and cycling. LTNs work by minimising through-traffic from using residential neighbourhoods to avoid main roads, while still retaining local access for residents, visitors and emergency vehicles. -
Human Geography and the Hinterland: the Case of Torsten Hägerstrand’S ‘Belated’ Recognition
MORAVIAN GEOGRAPHICAL REPORTS 2017, 25(2):2017, 74–84 25(2) Vol. 23/2015 No. 4 MORAVIAN MORAVIAN GEOGRAPHICAL REPORTS GEOGRAPHICAL REPORTS Institute of Geonics, The Czech Academy of Sciences journal homepage: http://www.geonika.cz/mgr.html Figures 8, 9: New small terrace houses in Wieliczka town, the Kraków metropolitan area (Photo: S. Kurek) doi: 10.1515/mgr-2017-0007 Illustrations to the paper by S. Kurek et al. Human Geography and the hinterland: The case of Torsten Hägerstrand’s ‘belated’ recognition René BRAUER a *, Mirek DYMITROW b Abstract Seeing Human Geography as a nexus of temporally oscillating concepts, this paper investigates the dissemination of scientific ideas with a focus on extra-scientific factors. While scientific progress is usually evaluated in terms of intellectual achievement of the individual researcher, geographers tend to forget about the external factors that tacitly yet critically contribute to knowledge production. While these externalities are well-documented in the natural sciences, social sciences have not yet seen comparable scrutiny. Using Torsten Hägerstrand’s rise to prominence as a concrete example, we explore this perspective in a social-science case – Human Geography. Applying an STS (Science and Technology Studies) approach, we depart from a model of science as socially-materially contingent, with special focus on three extra-scientific factors: community norms, materiality and the political climate. These factors are all important in order for knowledge to be disseminated into the hinterland of Human Geography. We conclude it is these types of conditions that in practice escape the relativism of representation. Keywords: knowledge production, hinterland, social science, Human Geography, Torsten Hägerstrand, STS Article history: Received 6 May 2016; Accepted 3 January 2017; Published 30 June 2017 1. -
Walking in the Modern City: Pedestrian Experiences of Post-War Birmingham
Centre for Environment and Society Research Working Paper series no. 23 Walking in the Modern city: pedestrian experiences of post-war Birmingham David Adams Walking in the Modern city: pedestrian experiences of post- war Birmingham David Adams Lecturer in Planning Birmingham School of the Built Environment, Birmingham City University Working Paper Series, no. 22 2013 ISBN 978-1-904839-73-6 © Author, 2013 Published by Birmingham City University Centre for Environment and Society Research Faculty of Technology, Engineering and the Environment City Centre campus, Millennium Point, Curzon Street, Birmingham, B4 7XG, UK iii CONTENTS Abstract iv Introduction 1 Post-war Birmingham and pedestrian movement 2 Research context and methods 5 Experiences of walking in the reconstructed city 6 Pedestrian mobilities and vehicular traffic 6 Spaces for leisured activities 8 Legacies of the past, and altered routines 10 Conclusion 12 References 14 Illustrations Figure 1 Smallbrook Ringway under construction c. 1960 3 Figure 2. Aerial perspective of the Bull Ring, c. 1964 9 Figure 3 The new Bullring 11 iv Abstract Whilst the act of walking has been a central focus of many authors in their attempts to comprehend the effects of modernisation processes on everyday life in the city, there has been little empirical exploration of the relationship between how pedestrian practices were imagined and proposed by post-war planners / architects and how they were experienced ‘on the ground’ by local inhabitants. Drawing on research conducted in Birmingham – a city radically reconstructed with vehicular rather than pedestrian movement in mind – this paper uses a series of oral testimonies with local residents to highlight their different experiences of living with the reality of a city designed around the needs of motorised traffic. -
Expanding Our Concepts of the Quality of Everyday Travelling with Flow Theory
Applied Mobilities ISSN: (Print) (Online) Journal homepage: https://www.tandfonline.com/loi/rapm20 HAVE A GOOD TRIP! EXPANDING OUR CONCEPTS OF THE QUALITY OF EVERYDAY TRAVELLING WITH FLOW THEORY Marco Te Brömmelstroet, Anna Nikolaeva, Catarina Cadima, Ersilia Verlinghieri, Antonio Ferreira, Milos Mladenović, Dimitris Milakis, Joao de Abreu e Silva & Enrica Papa To cite this article: Marco Te Brömmelstroet, Anna Nikolaeva, Catarina Cadima, Ersilia Verlinghieri, Antonio Ferreira, Milos Mladenović, Dimitris Milakis, Joao de Abreu e Silva & Enrica Papa (2021): HAVE A GOOD TRIP! EXPANDING OUR CONCEPTS OF THE QUALITY OF EVERYDAY TRAVELLING WITH FLOW THEORY, Applied Mobilities, DOI: 10.1080/23800127.2021.1912947 To link to this article: https://doi.org/10.1080/23800127.2021.1912947 © 2021 The Author(s). Published by Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group. Published online: 23 Apr 2021. Submit your article to this journal Article views: 49 View related articles View Crossmark data Full Terms & Conditions of access and use can be found at https://www.tandfonline.com/action/journalInformation?journalCode=rapm20 APPLIED MOBILITIES https://doi.org/10.1080/23800127.2021.1912947 ARTICLE HAVE A GOOD TRIP! EXPANDING OUR CONCEPTS OF THE QUALITY OF EVERYDAY TRAVELLING WITH FLOW THEORY Marco Te Brömmelstroet a, Anna Nikolaeva a, Catarina Cadima b, Ersilia Verlinghieri c, Antonio Ferreirab, Milos Mladenović d, Dimitris Milakis e, Joao de Abreu e Silvaf and Enrica Papag aAmsterdam Institute for Social Science Research, University of Amsterdam, -
Eliahu Stern Ordinary Landscapes (David Meining) and Symbolic
Book Reviews 81 The third part introduces selected approaches to transport analysis. It actually includes new material on three previous topics: spatial interaction models, network analysis, and urban transport analysis. The new material added to the book was assembled from the transportation literature and not from geography. Surprisingly though, the last chapter returns to network analysis from a positivistic geographical perspective, analyzing linkages and hub-and-spoke systems. Once again, however, it concentrates solely on the U.S. system. The increasing use of GIS and GPS systems in both transportation research and application is only mentioned in the final comments. Even though this book is a basic introduction to transport geography, the second edition of the pioneering 1973 text should have included more material on innovations in the field, including navigation systems, smart highways, time-based transportation mapping, GIS and GPS usage, spatial effects of telecommunication, environmental effects of transport systems, and a wider international perspective. Until we have such a text, however, the second edition of Geography of Transportation will serve as the main text for those who will not 'shop' elsewhere. Eliahu Stern Ben-Gurion University of the Negev LANDSCAPE IN AMERICA by George F. Thompson. Austin: University of Texas Press, 1995. Geography is (also) about landscape, and the sensitivity to landscape is a necessary aspect of the geographer's craft. Yet the term landscape is also used by art historians and cultural historians as well as by painters, poets, planners, and architects. In modern usage, landscape and the representation of landscape seem to blend. This, of course, is no coincidence. -
Making Space for Women in Geographical Analysis: Choosing to Challenge
MAKING SPACE FOR WOMEN IN GEOGRAPHICAL ANALYSIS: CHOOSING TO CHALLENGE Rachel S. Franklin, Centre for Urban and Regional Development Studies (CURDS), School of Geography, Politics and Sociology, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom and Alan Turing Institute for AI and Data Science, The British Library, London, United Kingdom Elizabeth C. Delmelle, Department of Geography and Earth Sciences, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, USA; Clio Andris, School of City and Regional Planning, School of Interactive Computing, Georgia Institute of Technology, USA; Tao ChenG, Department of Civil, Environmental and Geomatic Engineering, University College London (UCL), United Kingdom; Somayeh Dodge, Department of Geography, University of California Santa Barbara, USA; Janet Franklin, Department of Botany and Plant Sciences, University of California -- Riverside, USA Alison Heppenstall, School of Geography, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom and Alan Turing Institute for AI and Data Science, The British Library, London, United Kingdom; Mei-Po Kwan, Department of Geography and Resource Management and Institute of Space and Earth Information Science, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China WenWen Li, School of Geographical Sciences and Urban Planning, Arizona State University, USA; Sara McLafferty, Department of Geography & Geographic Information Science, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, USA Jennifer A. Miller, Department of Geography and the Environment, The University of Texas at Austin, USA Darla K. Munroe, Department of Geography, The Ohio State University, USA Trisalyn Nelson, Department of Geography, University of California Santa Barbara, USA Özge Öner, Department of Land Economy, University of Cambridge, United Kingdom Denise Pumain, University Paris I Pantheon Sorbonne and CNRS, France Kathleen Stewart, Department of Geographical Sciences, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA; Daoqin TonG, School of Geographical Sciences and Urban Planning, Arizona State University, USA; Elizabeth A. -
Geographies of Mobility
Annals of the American Association of Geographers ISSN: 2469-4452 (Print) 2469-4460 (Online) Journal homepage: http://www.tandfonline.com/loi/raag21 Geographies of Mobility Mei-Po Kwan & Tim Schwanen To cite this article: Mei-Po Kwan & Tim Schwanen (2016) Geographies of Mobility, Annals of the American Association of Geographers, 106:2, 243-256, DOI: 10.1080/24694452.2015.1123067 To link to this article: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/24694452.2015.1123067 Published online: 29 Jan 2016. Submit your article to this journal Article views: 214 View related articles View Crossmark data Full Terms & Conditions of access and use can be found at http://www.tandfonline.com/action/journalInformation?journalCode=raag21 Download by: [AAG] Date: 02 March 2016, At: 19:06 Geographies of Mobility Mei-Po Kwan* and Tim Schwaneny *Department of Geography and Geographic Information Science, University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign ySchool of Geography and the Environment, University of Oxford This introductory piece sets the context for the special issue and explains its rationale. It offers a series of reflec- tions on the rise of the mobilities turn and its relations with preexisting research traditions, most notably trans- portation geography. Rather than placing different approaches in opposition and favoring one over others, we contend that all need to be seen as situated, partial, and also generative modes of abstraction. Each of these approaches makes mobility exist in specific and ultimately simplified and selective ways. In addition, we argue that geography as a pluralistic discipline will benefit from further conversations between modes of conceptualiz- ing, theorizing, and examining mobility.