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Childhood Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders: Child/Adolescent
Gastroenterology 2016;150:1456–1468 Childhood Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders: Child/ Adolescent Jeffrey S. Hyams,1,* Carlo Di Lorenzo,2,* Miguel Saps,2 Robert J. Shulman,3 Annamaria Staiano,4 and Miranda van Tilburg5 1Division of Digestive Diseases, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Connecticut Children’sMedicalCenter,Hartford, Connecticut; 2Division of Digestive Diseases, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, Ohio; 3Baylor College of Medicine, Children’s Nutrition Research Center, Texas Children’s Hospital, Houston, Texas; 4Department of Translational Science, Section of Pediatrics, University of Naples, Federico II, Naples, Italy; and 5Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina Characterization of childhood and adolescent functional Rome III criteria emphasized that there should be “no evi- gastrointestinal disorders (FGIDs) has evolved during the 2- dence” for organic disease, which may have prompted a decade long Rome process now culminating in Rome IV. The focus on testing.1 In Rome IV, the phrase “no evidence of an era of diagnosing an FGID only when organic disease has inflammatory, anatomic, metabolic, or neoplastic process been excluded is waning, as we now have evidence to sup- that explain the subject’s symptoms” has been removed port symptom-based diagnosis. In child/adolescent Rome from diagnostic criteria. Instead, we include “after appro- IV, we extend this concept by removing the dictum that priate medical evaluation, the symptoms cannot be attrib- “ ” fi there was no evidence for organic disease in all de ni- uted to another medical condition.” This change permits “ tions and replacing it with after appropriate medical selective or no testing to support a positive diagnosis of an evaluation the symptoms cannot be attributed to another FGID. -
Gastro-Esophageal Reflux in Children
International Journal of Molecular Sciences Review Gastro-Esophageal Reflux in Children Anna Rybak 1 ID , Marcella Pesce 1,2, Nikhil Thapar 1,3 and Osvaldo Borrelli 1,* 1 Department of Gastroenterology, Division of Neurogastroenterology and Motility, Great Ormond Street Hospital, London WC1N 3JH, UK; [email protected] (A.R.); [email protected] (M.P.); [email protected] (N.T.) 2 Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, 80138 Napoli, Italy 3 Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, UCL Institute of Child Health, 30 Guilford Street, London WC1N 1EH, UK * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +44(0)20-7405-9200 (ext. 5971); Fax: +44(0)20-7813-8382 Received: 5 June 2017; Accepted: 14 July 2017; Published: 1 August 2017 Abstract: Gastro-esophageal reflux (GER) is common in infants and children and has a varied clinical presentation: from infants with innocent regurgitation to infants and children with severe esophageal and extra-esophageal complications that define pathological gastro-esophageal reflux disease (GERD). Although the pathophysiology is similar to that of adults, symptoms of GERD in infants and children are often distinct from classic ones such as heartburn. The passage of gastric contents into the esophagus is a normal phenomenon occurring many times a day both in adults and children, but, in infants, several factors contribute to exacerbate this phenomenon, including a liquid milk-based diet, recumbent position and both structural and functional immaturity of the gastro-esophageal junction. This article focuses on the presentation, diagnosis and treatment of GERD that occurs in infants and children, based on available and current guidelines. -
The Evidence-Base for Neurofeedback As a Reimbursable Healthcare Service to Treat Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder
The Evidence-Base for Neurofeedback as a Reimbursable Healthcare Service to Treat Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder By H. Edmund Pigott, Ph.D.,a Lindsay De Biase, Ph.D.,b c d Eugenia Bodenhamer-Davis, Ph.D. & Richard E. Davis, M.S. a Ed Pigott, Ph.D. is a licensed psychologist and Director of Neurotherapy Services at Behavioral Health of the Palm Beaches. He is also in private practice at The Center for Brain Training in Jupiter, FL. b Lindsay De Biase, Ph.D. is a neuroscientist and post-doctoral fellow. C Eugenia Bodenhamer-Davis, Ph.D. is an Associate Professor and Director, Neurotherapy Program, University of North Texas and a Board member of the Biofeedback Certification International Alliance. D Richard E. Davis, M.S. is a Licensed Professional Counselor in private practice in Denton, TX, specializing in neurofeedback and Quantitative EEG. He is also a Past President of the International Society of Neurofeedback and Research. Acknowledgements: Preparation of this white paper was guided by extensive discussion and critical review from Henry Harbin with assistance from Thomas Bearden and Robert Thatcher along with the invaluable help from Alexei Berd in securing articles for review. The authors would like to thank the Board of the International Society of Neurofeedback and Research for their support of this project. 1 Table of Contents Executive Summary 3 An Overview of Neurofeedback Practice 6 The Inadequacy of Current ADHD Treatments 8 Neurofeedback: The Operant Conditioning of Trainees’ EEG 12 Neurofeedback: An Evidence-Based -
Pathophysiology, Differential Diagnosis and Management of Rumination Syndrome Kathleen Blondeau, Veerle Boecxstaens, Nathalie Rommel, Jan Tack
Review article: pathophysiology, differential diagnosis and management of rumination syndrome Kathleen Blondeau, Veerle Boecxstaens, Nathalie Rommel, Jan Tack To cite this version: Kathleen Blondeau, Veerle Boecxstaens, Nathalie Rommel, Jan Tack. Review article: pathophysiol- ogy, differential diagnosis and management of rumination syndrome. Alimentary Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Wiley, 2011, 33 (7), pp.782. 10.1111/j.1365-2036.2011.04584.x. hal-00613928 HAL Id: hal-00613928 https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00613928 Submitted on 8 Aug 2011 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutic Review article: pathophysiology, differential diagnosis and management of rumination syndrome ForJournal: Alimentary Peer Pharmacology Review & Therapeutics Manuscript ID: APT-1105-2010.R2 Wiley - Manuscript type: Review Article Date Submitted by the 09-Jan-2011 Author: Complete List of Authors: Blondeau, Kathleen; KULeuven, Lab G-I Physiopathology Boecxstaens, Veerle; University of Leuven, Center for Gastroenterological Research Rommel, Nathalie; University of Leuven, Center for Gastroenterological Research Tack, Jan; University Hospital, Center for Gastroenterological Research Functional GI diseases < Disease-based, Oesophagus < Organ- Keywords: based, Diagnostic tests < Topics, Motility < Topics Page 1 of 24 Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutic 1 2 3 EDITOR'S COMMENTS TO AUTHOR: 4 Please consider the points raised by the reviewers. -
An Exploration of Physiological Responses to the Native American Flute
An Exploration of Physiological Responses to the Native American Flute Eric B. Miller† and Clinton F. Goss‡ †Montclair State University, Montclair, New Jersey; Email: [email protected] ‡Westport, Connecticut; Email: [email protected] ARTICLE INFORMATION ABSTRACT Presented at ISQRMM, Athens, This pilot study explored physiological responses to playing and listening to the GA: July 26, 2013 Native American flute. Autonomic, electroencephalographic (EEG), and heart Revised: January 24, 2014 rate variability (HRV) metrics were recorded while participants (N = 15) played flutes and listened to several styles of music. Flute playing was accompanied by This work is licensed under the an 84% increase in HRV (p < .001). EEG theta (4–8 Hz) activity increased while Creative Commons Attribution- playing flutes (p = .007) and alpha (8–12 Hz) increased while playing lower- Noncommercial 3.0 license. pitched flutes (p = .009). Increase in alpha from baseline to the flute playing This work has not been peer conditions strongly correlated with experience playing Native American flutes (r reviewed. = +.700). Wide-band beta (12–25 Hz) decreased from the silence conditions when listening to solo Native American flute music (p = .013). The findings of increased HRV, increasing slow-wave rhythms, and decreased beta support the hypothesis that Native American flutes, particularly those with lower pitches, may have a role in music therapy contexts. We conclude that the Native Keywords: music therapy, American flute may merit a more prominent role in music therapy and that a Native American flute, heart rate variability (HRV), study of the effects of flute playing on clinical conditions, such as post-traumatic EEG, alpha stress disorder (PTSD), asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), hypertension, anxiety, and major depressive disorder, is warranted. -
Traumatic Stress and the Autonomic Brain‐Gut Connection in Development: Polyvagal Theory As an Integrative Framework for Psychosocial and Gastrointestinal Pathology
Received: 9 July 2018 | Revised: 12 February 2019 | Accepted: 23 February 2019 DOI: 10.1002/dev.21852 SPECIAL ISSUE Traumatic stress and the autonomic brain‐gut connection in development: Polyvagal Theory as an integrative framework for psychosocial and gastrointestinal pathology Jacek Kolacz1 | Katja K. Kovacic2 | Stephen W. Porges1,3 1Traumatic Stress Research Consortium at the Kinsey Institute, Indiana University, Abstract Bloomington, Indiana A range of psychiatric disorders such as anxiety, depression, and post‐traumatic 2 Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, stress disorder frequently co‐occur with functional gastrointestinal (GI) disorders. Hepatology & Nutrition, Department of Pediatrics, Medical College of Wisconsin, Risk of these pathologies is particularly high in those with a history of trauma, abuse, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA and chronic stress. These scientific findings and rising awareness within the health‐ 3Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, care profession give rise to a need for an integrative framework to understand the North Carolina developmental mechanisms that give rise to these observations. In this paper, we in‐ Correspondence troduce a plausible explanatory framework, based on the Polyvagal Theory (Porges, Jacek Kolacz, the Traumatic Stress Research Psychophysiology, 32, 301–318, 1995; Porges, International Journal of Psychophysiology, Consortium at the Kinsey Institute, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN. 42, 123–146, 2001; Porges, Biological Psychology, 74, 116–143, 2007), which de‐ Email: [email protected] scribes how evolution impacted the structure and function of the autonomic nervous system (ANS). The Polyvagal Theory provides organizing principles for understand‐ ing the development of adaptive diversity in homeostatic, threat‐response, and psy‐ chosocial functions that contribute to pathology. -
The Guide to Eating Disorder Recovery in Nashville
Eating disorders have the highest mortality rate of any mental illness. The Guide To Without treatment, Eating Disorder up to 20 percent of people diagnosed Recovery In with a serious ED die. With treatment, Nashville however, the mortality rate falls to 2 to 3 percent. Introduction Eating disorders, also known as ED, are serious, often fatal illnesses that involve severe disruption in a person’s relationship with food. Behaviors, thoughts, emotions—all become disturbed when an ED begins to develop. Common EDs include anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, and binge-eating disorder (BED). Eating disorders have the highest mortality rate of any mental illness. Without treatment, up to 20 percent of people diagnosed with a serious ED die. With treatment, however, the mortality rate falls to 2 to 3 percent. The causes of ED are not clear, though both biological and environmental factors play a role, as does the culture’s idealization of thinness. People who have experienced sexual abuse or trauma are more likely to develop an ED, while intellectual disabilities can contribute to the development of lesser known disorders like pica (where people eat non-food items) and rumination syndrome (where people regurgitate food). Anxiety, depression, and substance abuse are common among people with ED. While ED can affect people of all ages, racial and ethnic backgrounds, body weights, and genders, they have been found to be more common in developed countries than less developed countries. Some general statistics of ED: • At least 30 million people, of all ages and genders, suffer from ED in the U.S. • At least one person dies as a direct result of an ED every 62 minutes. -
11A. GI Manifestations of Psychologic Disorders
11A. GI Manifestations of Psychologic Disorders Meredith Hitch, MD Robert Rothbaum, MD I. Psychogenic Associations Many psychological disorders have associated gastrointestinal manifestations. While evaluating a child for chronic abdominal pain, it is important to consider psychologic as well as organic etiologies for the symptoms II. Mood Disorder and Anxiety—Chronic Abdominal Pain A. There is a vicious cycle involving chronic pain, depression, and anxiety, each provoking the other B. Anxiety disorder is found in 80% of children with recurrent abdominal pain (RAP) in some studies C. Depressive symptoms found in 40% of children with RAP D. Possible explanations 1. Pain evokes mood and anxiety disorders 2. Affective disorders cause or exacerbate pain 3. A common biological predisposition underlies both problems 4. Common characteristics of both include somatization, social stress, and poor coping E. Life stressors provoke 1. Physiologic stress response with increased ccorticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) 2. CRF causes ↑ intestinal motility, hyperalgesia, psychoemotional inflammatory responses F. Typical life stresses 1. Maternal separation 2. Conflicting maternal relationships 3. Abusive environments – sexual or physical 4. Traumatic events – death, major illness, geographic dislocation 5. Marital discord 6. Peer pressure 7. Perfectionism III. Pathologic Aerophagia—Abdominal Distension A. Symptoms: eructation, abdominal cramping, flatulence, chronic diarrhea B. Tympanitic abdomen with very hyperactive bowel sounds C. Plain abdominal film showing uniform gassy distension from esophagus to rectum, without air fluid levels D. Hallmarks: 1. Increasing abdominal distension throughout the day 2. Increased flatus at night E. Visable air swallowing is often subtle and hard to detect F. Signs of abuse or stress IV. Mental Retardation/Anxiety/Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD)— Solitary Rectal Ulcer Syndrome A. -
Enhancing the Effects of Neurofeedback Training: the Motivational Value of the Reinforcers
brain sciences Article Enhancing the Effects of Neurofeedback Training: The Motivational Value of the Reinforcers Rubén Pérez-Elvira 1 , Javier Oltra-Cucarella 2,* , José Antonio Carrobles 3, Jorge Moltó 4, Mercedes Flórez 4, Salvador Parra 5, María Agudo 1, Clara Saez 1, Sergio Guarino 6, Raluca Maria Costea 7,8 and Bogdan Neamtu 7,8,9 1 Neuropsychophysiology Laboratory, NEPSA Rehabilitación Neurológica, 3003 Salamanca, Spain; [email protected] (R.P.-E.); [email protected] (M.A.); [email protected] (C.S.) 2 Department of Health Psychology, Universidad Miguel Hernández de Elche, 03202 Elche, Spain 3 Biological and Health Psychology Department, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain; [email protected] 4 PSYD-Neurofeedback, 46022 Valencia, Spain; [email protected] (J.M.); [email protected] (M.F.) 5 LURIA Rehabilitación Neurológica, 11407 Jerez, Spain; [email protected] 6 NEPSA Rehabilitación Neurológica, 47001 Valladolid, Spain; [email protected] 7 Research Department (Ceforaten), Sibiu Pediatric Hospital, 550178 Sibiu, Romania; [email protected] (R.M.C.); [email protected] (B.N.) 8 Faculty of Medicine Lucian Blaga, University from Sibiu, 550169 Sibiu, Romania 9 Faculty of Engineering, Lucian Blaga, University from Sibiu, 550025 Sibiu, Romania * Correspondence: [email protected] Abstract: The brain activity that is measured by electroencephalography (EEG) can be modified through operant conditioning, specifically using neurofeedback (NF). NF has been applied to several disorders claiming that a change in the erratic brain activity would be accompanied by a reduction Citation: Pérez-Elvira, R.; of the symptoms. However, the expected results are not always achieved. Some authors have Oltra-Cucarella, J.; Carrobles, J.A.; suggested that the lack of an adequate response may be due to an incorrect application of the operant Moltó, J.; Flórez, M.; Parra, S.; conditioning principles. -
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NeuroRegulation http://www.isnr.org The Effect of Infraslow Frequency Neurofeedback on Autonomic Nervous System Function in Adults with Anxiety and Related Diseases Karlien Balt1*, Peet Du Toit1, Mark Smith2, and Charl Janse van Rensburg3 1Department of Human Physiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa 2Neurofeedback Services of New York, New York, New York, USA 3South African Medical Research Council, Biostatistics Unit, Pretoria, South Africa Abstract Peripheral body monitoring of autonomic nervous system (ANS) response has been routinely applied during infraslow fluctuation (ISF) neurofeedback training. This study hypothesized that ISF training has a distinct physiological effect on an individual that can be revealed by measuring autonomic function with peripheral biofeedback metrics that included heart rate variability (HRV), muscle tension, skin temperature, skin conductance, heart rate, respiration rate, and blood pressure. Methods. Thirty adults between the ages of 18 and 55, primarily with anxiety, were randomized into two groups: 20 in the experimental group and 9 in the control group. The experimental group completed 10 ISF neurofeedback training sessions while continuous monitoring of ANS changes was applied. The same process was completed for a control group that received one-channel sensorimotor rhythm (SMR) neurofeedback training. Results. Significant changes were seen in the skin conductance (p < .0001), electromyography (p = .01), very low frequency (p = .004), low frequency of HRV (p = .05) and blood pressure (systolic change p = .049) in the experimental group. No significant changes were seen in the control group. Conclusion. The study demonstrated that ISF neurofeedback training impacts the ANS as measured by peripheral biofeedback indicators. -
Delirium Pdf, Epub, Ebook
DELIRIUM PDF, EPUB, EBOOK Lauren Oliver | 441 pages | 02 Jul 2012 | HarperCollins Publishers Inc | 9780061726835 | English | New York, NY, United States Delirium PDF Book We're gonna stop you right there Literally How to use a word that literally drives some pe Accessed May 1, The American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry. Share this Rating Title: Delirium 5. Journal of the American Medical Directors Association. Get Word of the Day daily email! Delirium is common in the intensive care unit ICU , especially in older adults. Examples of organizations that may provide helpful information include the Caregiver Action Network and the National Institute on Aging. Delirium and acute confusional states: Prevention, treatment, and prognosis. The most important predisposing factors are: [17]. General Hospital Psychiatry. The American Delirium Society is a community of professionals dedicated to improving delirium care. Arousal Erectile dysfunction Female sexual arousal disorder. Rapid changes in emotion. In press. National Institute on Aging. Neurotic , stress -related and somatoform Adjustment Adjustment disorder with depressed mood. Mayo Clinic does not endorse companies or products. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society. August Kids Definition of delirium. Delirium , also known as acute confusional state , is an organically caused decline from a previous baseline mental functioning that develops over a short period of time, typically hours to days. Healthcare Improvement Scotland. September Known causes of delirium include: Alcohol or illegal drug toxicity, overdose or withdrawal. Delirium Writer Don't let the two negative low ball reviews scare you away. Electroencephalography EEG allows for continuous capture of global brain function and brain connectivity, and is useful in understanding real-time physiologic changes during delirium. -
ESRS Final Programme
DISCOVER ALICE PDx AT THE RESPIRONICS STAND 8 DURING ESRS 2008 ALICE PDx: FREE YOUR PORTABLE SLEEP-SCORING! Alice PDx is the new advanced portable sleep diagnostic device from Respironics. Designed for portable diagnosis of cardio-repiratory sleep disorders, providing safe, efficient and easy sleep-scoring capacity for your sleep lab. With its intuitive interface and novel ‘Good Study Indicator’, Alice PDx provides unique and timely insights into the results of studies, reducing sleep technologists time and limiting unnecessary transportation From advanced polygraphy, adding the sleep-scoring options, a total of 5 ECG electrodes, 4 total ‘Neuro’ (EEG/EOG) inputs, plus 3 total EMG’s can also be connected allowing ambulatory sleep-scoring. AlicePDx oday is a service mark of Respironics Inc. and its affiliates. Improving T Envisioning tomorrow. Improving today. +33.1.47.52.30.00. WWW.RESPIRONICS.EU ©2008 Respironics, Inc. and its affiliates. All rights reserved. Respironics, Alice are trademarks of Respironics Inc. and its affiliates. Envisioning tomorrow CONTENTS Committees . 2 Acknowledgements . 3 Welcome . 4 Orientation Guide . 6 General Information . 7 Programme Overview . 11 Programme - Tuesday, 9 September . 17 Programme - Wednesday, 10 September . 19 Programme - Thursday, 11 September . 24 Programme - Friday, 12 September . 33 Programme - Saturday, 13 September . 42 Posters . 50 Exhibition Floor Plan . 87 Sponsor Details . 88 Exhibition Catalogue . 90 Social Programme . 99 Tour Programme . 100 1 COMMITTEES EUROPEAN SLEEP RESEARCH SOCIETY