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Ecological Restoration and Sustainable Development Establishing Links Across Frontiers

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CONFERENCE 7th SER European Conference PROGRAMME on Ecological Restoration ABSTRACT 23-27 AUGUST 2010 BOOK AVIGNON FRANCE ECOLOGICAL RESTORATION AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT ESTABLISHING LINKS ACROSS FRONTIERS 7e Conférence Européenne SER en Ecologie de la Restauration 23-27 AOUT 2010 AVIGNON FRANCE ECOLOGIE DE LA RESTAURATION ET DEVELOPPEMENT DURABLE DEPASSER LES FRONTIERES N POPES’ PALACE POPES’ PALACE PLACE L E 1 - Centre des Congrès entrance Lp ESPACE 2 - Public entrance JEANNE LAURENT 3 - Salle des Gardes (registrations, informations, changing room) 4 - Salle du Trésorier 5 - Cubiculaire 6 - Herse Champeaux 7 - Cellier Benoît XII 8 - Paneterie (1 to 4) (Paneterie 4 = preview room) 9 - Conclave (Plenary sessions, opening and closing ceremony) 10 - Grand Tinel - Great Tinel Hall (Gala dinner) 11 - Chambre aux Quatre Fenêtres (internet wireless) 12 - Herses Notre-Dame (meetings) POPES’ PALACE 13 - Grande Audience (exhibitions, breaks) 14 - Bouteillerie (wine cellar) N 15 - Espace Jeanne Laurent (lunch) 1 — Ecological restoration and sustainable development - Establishing links across frontiers Dear colleagues, Preface It is a great honour for me to welcome in the name of the organizing committee, at the 7th European Conference in Ecological Restoration, placed under the auspices of the International Society of Ecological Restoration, chapter Europe. It is also a real pride for us to have been chosen to organize this event because too few international congresses in ecology have been organized in France these past years. It has now been two years that we work so that this event can take place for the fi rst time in France and in the prestigious place of the International Popes' Palace Conference Center in Avignon. This place was not chosen at random! Indeed, it consti- tutes a successful example of restoration and preservation of one of the most visited historic monuments in Europe, combined with new functions of which perpetuity is guaranteed by a new economic activity. What a striking parallel with the ecological restoration of natural ecosystems of which the rehabilitated features inevitably have to be incorporated in a new socio-economic framework! The theme chosen "Ecological Restoration and Sustainable development: Establishing Links Across Frontiers” is at the heart of the environmental concerns in Europe and more particularly in its southern part where global changes have particularly impacted ecosystems weakened by centuries of overexploitation in a region constituting however one of the 34 biodiversity hot-spots of the planet. Signifi cant projects of restoration are starting. Nevertheless, a considerable amount of work is still needed to integrate them in the life of the local populations and make them sustainable ecologically and economically. The objectives of this conference are thus to multiply the contacts between researchers and professionals of the different European countries in particular to facilitate the exchanges between the north and south coasts of the Mediterranean Sea. For that purpose, more than 200 oral presentations are proposed in 64 sessions among which 8 special sessions and 5 workshops. More than 100 posters are also visible as well as 10 stands. 8 plenary speakers will come to make us benefi t from their experi- ence and 10 mid-fi eld trips are proposed for a better approach of concrete examples of restoration or projects of ecological restoration in the region Provence-Alpes-Côte- d'Azur. This congress would not have come into existence without the support of the Mediterranean Institute of Ecology and Palaeoecology as well as the University of Avignon, co-organizers of this conference. Numerous partners also allowed its realiza- tion : researches institutes (CNRS - INEE - National Center for Scientifi c Research -, IRD - Research Institute for Development, IUT- University Institute of Technology of Avignon, Paul Cézanne University, Provence University), administrations (Region of Provence- Alpes-Côte d'Azur, General Council of Vaucluse, DREAL - PACA - Regional Department for the Environment Provence-Alpes-Côte-d'Azur, PRIDES ICP), private foundations (MAVA, Tour of the Valat), NGO (WWF) and private companies (GRT Gaz, CDC- Biodiversité, Gagneraud Constructions, EcoMed, Naturalia Environnement, Island Press). Beyond institutions are also men and women who individually from their motivation and implication brought a successful conclusion of this project. We thank a lot the members of the organizing committee and of the scientifi c committee, the organizers of fi eld trips, the voluntary students, the managers of the International Popes' Palace Conference Center and the University of Avignon for their availability and enthusiasm. I shall not forget to thank for ending, all the contributors in this conference as well as the participants who due to their presence, make it a success. I wish you not only a good conference but also a good stay in Avignon within this magnifi cent region that is the southeast of France. Pr. Dr. Thierry Dutoit Chair of the organizing committee 2 — 7th SER Conference of the Society for Ecological Restoration — Monday 23 - Friday 27 August 2010 Avignon Chers collègues, C’est un grand honneur pour moi, d’accueillir au nom du comité d’organisation, le 7ème Congrès Européen en Ecologie de la Restauration, section Europe de la Société Internationale d’Ecologie de la Restauration. C’est également une réelle fi erté pour nous d’avoir été choisi pour faire cette manifestation car trop peu de colloques inter- nationaux dans le domaine de l’écologie ont été organisés en France ces dernières Préface années. Nous travaillons ainsi depuis deux ans pour que cet événement puisse se dérouler pour la première fois en France et dans le cadre prestigieux du centre des congrès du Palais des Papes en Avignon. Ce cadre n’a pas été choisi au hasard car il constitue un exemple réussi de restauration et de conservation architecturale combiné avec de nouvelles fonctions dont la pérennité est assurée par une nouvelle activité économique. Quel parallèle saisissant avec la restauration écologique des écosys- tèmes dont les fonctionnalités réhabilitées doivent nécessairement s’incorporer dans de nouveaux cadres socio-économiques ! La thématique choisie “Ecologie de la restauration et développement durable : dé- passer les frontières” est au cœur des préoccupations environnementales en Europe et plus particulièrement dans sa partie sud où l’impact des changements globaux sont particulièrement ressentis par des écosystèmes fragilisés suite à de longs siècles de surexploitation d’une région constituant cependant un des 34 points chauds de biodi- versité sur la planète. Si des projets signifi catifs de restauration commencent à y voir le jour, un travail considérable reste à faire pour intégrer dans ces projets, la vie des populations locales et rendre durable écologiquement et économiquement ces projets. Les objectifs de ce congrès sont donc de multiplier les contacts entre chercheurs et professionnels des divers pays européens et notamment de favoriser les échanges entre rives nord et sud de la méditerranée. Pour cela, plus de 200 présentations orales sont proposées dans 64 sessions dont 8 sessions spéciales et 4 ateliers. Plus de 100 affi ches sont également visibles ainsi que 10 stands. 8 conférenciers pléniers viendront nous faire bénéfi cier de leur expérience et 10 sorties de terrain sont proposées à mi-parcours du congrès pour une meilleure approche d’exemples concrets de restauration ou de projets de restauration écologique dans la région Provence-Alpes-Côte-d’Azur. Ce congrès n’aurait pu voir le jour sans le soutien de l’Institut Méditerranéen d’Ecologie et de Paléoécologie ainsi que l’université d’Avignon, co-organisateurs de cette manifes- tation. De nombreux partenaires ont également permis sa réalisation tant au niveau des instituts de recherches et d’enseignements français (CNRS - INEE, IRD, IUT d’Avignon, université Paul Cézanne, université de Provence), des administrations (Région PACA, CG 84, DREAL PACA, PRIDES - ICP), des fondations privées (MAVA, Tour du Valat), des ONG (WWF) que des professionnels (GRT GAZ, Gagneraud Constructions, EcoMed, Naturalia Environnement, Island Press). Au-delà des institutions se sont également des hommes et des femmes qui individuellement de part leur motivation et implica- tion ont permis de mener à bien ce projet. Que soient donc ici vivement remerciés les membres du comité d’organisation et du comité scientifi que, les organisateurs de sortie, les étudiants bénévoles, l’équipe du Centre des Congrès du Palais des Papes et de l’université d’Avignon pour leur disponibilité et enthousiasme. Je n’oublierai pas de remercier pour terminer, tous les contributeurs à ce colloque ainsi que les participants qui, de par leur présence, en font un succès. Je vous souhaite non seulement un bon congrès mais également un bon séjour en Avignon au sein de cette magnifi que région qu’est le sud-est de la France. Pr. Dr. Thierry Dutoit Président du comité d’organisation 3 — Ecological restoration and sustainable development - Establishing links across frontiers Welcome to the 7th conference of the Society for Ecological Restoration - Europe Chapter ! Having attended the successful previous SER - Europe Chapter conferences, I am hon- ored of having been appointed as the scientifi c chair of this 7th conference. Trying to come up with ideas which would make this event special, I am delight- ed to announce six keynote speakers who mainly / partly work or have worked in Mediterranean
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  • GALLARDO, P.: Relationship Between Insect Damage and Chlorophyll Content in Mediterranean Oak Species

    GALLARDO, P.: Relationship Between Insect Damage and Chlorophyll Content in Mediterranean Oak Species

    Cárdenas – Gallardo: Relationship between insect damage and chlorophyll content in Mediterranean oak species - 477 - RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN INSECT DAMAGE AND CHLOROPHYLL CONTENT IN MEDITERRANEAN OAK SPECIES CÁRDENAS, A. M.* ‒ GALLARDO, P. Dpto. de Zoología, Edificio Darwin, Campus Rabanales, E-14071, University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain (tel: +34 957 218604) *Corresponding author e-mail: [email protected] (Received 10th Jun 2016; accepted 23rd Jul 2016) Abstract. Considering that the damage caused by phytophagous insects can alter the chlorophyll content of plants, we established the hypothesis that variations in chlorophyll concentration could be applied to assess stress caused by these kind of harmful agents. In this paper, relationship between insect damage and the chlorophyll content of sclerophyllous oak species (Quercus suber and Q. ilex) is investigated. The survey was carried out in Hornachuelos Natural Park (southern Iberian Peninsula). For each plant species, a comparative study of chlorophyll concentration on healthy leaves was performed among a control group of harmless trees and other groups affected by one of the following damaging insects: woodborers, chewing and gall-formers. Results relative to Q. ilex indicated that only damage by gall-formers had a significant effect on average chlorophyll content of healthy leaves. As regard Q. suber, differences in chlorophyll content were only significant when injuries were caused by the woodborer Coraebus florentinus. In conclusion, insect damage could influence the chlorophyll content of the holm and cork oaks, but the effect varies depending on the plant species and the type of harmful agent. Keywords: environmental assessment, oak forests, Quercus ilex, Quercus suber, photosynthesis Introduction Several herbivorous insects are associated with Quercus species (Romanyk and Cadahía, 1992) and, depending on the way of affecting the plant, can be classified as woodborers, carpophagous and folivorous (chewing insects and galls-formers).
  • Inventory and Review of Quantitative Models for Spread of Plant Pests for Use in Pest Risk Assessment for the EU Territory1

    Inventory and Review of Quantitative Models for Spread of Plant Pests for Use in Pest Risk Assessment for the EU Territory1

    EFSA supporting publication 2015:EN-795 EXTERNAL SCIENTIFIC REPORT Inventory and review of quantitative models for spread of plant pests for use in pest risk assessment for the EU territory1 NERC Centre for Ecology and Hydrology 2 Maclean Building, Benson Lane, Crowmarsh Gifford, Wallingford, OX10 8BB, UK ABSTRACT This report considers the prospects for increasing the use of quantitative models for plant pest spread and dispersal in EFSA Plant Health risk assessments. The agreed major aims were to provide an overview of current modelling approaches and their strengths and weaknesses for risk assessment, and to develop and test a system for risk assessors to select appropriate models for application. First, we conducted an extensive literature review, based on protocols developed for systematic reviews. The review located 468 models for plant pest spread and dispersal and these were entered into a searchable and secure Electronic Model Inventory database. A cluster analysis on how these models were formulated allowed us to identify eight distinct major modelling strategies that were differentiated by the types of pests they were used for and the ways in which they were parameterised and analysed. These strategies varied in their strengths and weaknesses, meaning that no single approach was the most useful for all elements of risk assessment. Therefore we developed a Decision Support Scheme (DSS) to guide model selection. The DSS identifies the most appropriate strategies by weighing up the goals of risk assessment and constraints imposed by lack of data or expertise. Searching and filtering the Electronic Model Inventory then allows the assessor to locate specific models within those strategies that can be applied.