German Cockroach

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Pest Profile Photo credit: Gary Alpert, Harvard University, Bugwood.org Common Name: German Cockroach Scientific Name: Blattella germanica Order and Family: Blattodea, Blattellidae Size and Appearance: Length (mm) Appearance Egg Small, brown and purse-shaped containing 30-40 eggs Egg case or ootheca-8mm Larva/Nymph Adult Brown to dark brown coloring with two longitudinal dark 10-15mm bands on the pronotum. Males have their terminal segment of the abdomen visible while the females’ wings cover theirs completely. Pupa (if applicable) Type of feeder (Chewing, sucking, etc.): Chewing mouthparts Host plant/s: German cockroaches are omnivorous, feeding on food scraps, animal feed, paper products, and any kind of garbage. Description of Damage (larvae and adults): German cockroaches are domestic pests that readily infest structures, preferring to inhabit moist areas such as kitchens and bathrooms. They are onsidered to be a public health concern due to their ability to carry pathogens and disperse them. Cockroach feces, shed skins, and body parts are also considered major allergens. In severe instances, biting can occur. German cockroach infestations can readily become a major issue in ideal growth situations. They reproduce continuously and have many overlapping generations that can be present at one time. References: Jacobs, S. (2013). German Cockroaches. Insect Advice from Extension. Pennsylvania State University. https://ento.psu.edu/extension/factsheets/german-cockroaches Valles, S. (2017). German Cockroach-Blattella germanica. Featured Creatures. University of Florida. http://entnemdept.ufl.edu/CREATURES/urban/roaches/german.htm .

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Ecological Investigation, Density, Infestation Rate and Control Strategy of German Cockroach, Blattella Germanica (L.) in Two Hospitals in Ismailia, Egypt
Arthropods, 2013, 2(4): 216-224 Article Ecological investigation, density, infestation rate and control strategy of German cockroach, Blattella germanica (L.) in two hospitals in Ismailia, Egypt M.F. Mahmoud, A.F. El-Bahrawy, H.M. El-Sharabasy, Y.S. El-Badry, G.A. El-Kady Plant Protection Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Suez Canal University, 41522 Ismailia, Egypt E-mail: [email protected] Received 2 June 2013; Accepted 8 July 2013; Published online 1 December 2013 Abstract A study was conducted to investigate the ecological situation, density, infestation rate and control strategy of German cockroach, Blattella germanica indoors in two hospitals in Ismailia Governorate, Egypt. The sticky traps method was used for 12 months in 2012. The cockroach index, sanitation and ventilation rate tables were tools to investigate the effectiveness of sanitation and related factors on B. germanica in Ismailia. Results showed that the population density of B. germanica increased gradually from January to July, and then decreased gradually till December of 2012 in both hospitals. The population density of B. germanica captured from hospital 1 (urban) was higher than hospital 2 (rural) in all months. Moreover, the number of German cockroach caught from different apartments in both hospitals was very significant different. Among these apartments, kitchen had the highest number of German cockroach, density, infestation rate and percent of nymphs. The highest population density was in kitchen (298.44), followed by dry food store (69.99), furniture room (25.91) and patient room (8.94), for hospital 1. However, the population was low in all apartments in hospital 2.
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German Cockroach, Blattella Germanica (Linnaeus) (Insecta: Blattodea: Blattellidae)1 S
EENY-002 doi.org/10.32473/edis-in1283-2020 German Cockroach, Blattella germanica (Linnaeus) (Insecta: Blattodea: Blattellidae)1 S. Valles2 The Featured Creatures collection provides in-depth profiles of Distribution insects, nematodes, arachnids and other organisms relevant The German cockroach is found throughout the world to Florida. These profiles are intended for the use of interested in association with humans. They are unable to survive laypersons with some knowledge of biology as well as in locations away from humans or human activity. The academic audiences. major factor limiting German cockroach survival appears to be cold temperatures. Studies have shown that German Introduction cockroaches were unable to colonize inactive ships during The German cockroach (Figure 1) is the cockroach of cool temperatures and could not survive in homes without concern, the species that gives all other cockroaches a bad central heating in northern climates. The availability name. It occurs in structures throughout Florida, and is of water, food, and harborage also govern the ability of the species that typically plagues multifamily dwellings. In German cockroaches to establish populations, and limit Florida, the German cockroach may be confused with the growth. Asian cockroach, Blattella asahinai Mizukubo. While these cockroaches are very similar, there are some differences that Description a practiced eye can discern. Egg Eggs are carried in an egg case, or ootheca, by the female until just before hatch occurs. The ootheca can be seen protruding from the posterior end (genital chamber) of the female. Nymphs will often hatch from the ootheca while the female is still carrying it (Figure 2).
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A Dichotomous Key for the Identification of the Cockroach Fauna (Insecta: Blattaria) of Florida
Species Identification - Cockroaches of Florida 1 A Dichotomous Key for the Identification of the Cockroach fauna (Insecta: Blattaria) of Florida Insect Classification Exercise Department of Entomology and Nematology University of Florida, Gainesville 32611 Abstract: Students used available literature and specimens to produce a dichotomous key to species of cockroaches recorded from Florida. This exercise introduced students to techniques used in studying a group of insects, in this case Blattaria, to produce a regional species key. Producing a guide to a group of insects as a class exercise has proven useful both as a teaching tool and as a method to generate information for the public. Key Words: Blattaria, Florida, Blatta, Eurycotis, Periplaneta, Arenivaga, Compsodes, Holocompsa, Myrmecoblatta, Blatella, Cariblatta, Chorisoneura, Euthlastoblatta, Ischnoptera,Latiblatta, Neoblatella, Parcoblatta, Plectoptera, Supella, Symploce,Blaberus, Epilampra, Hemiblabera, Nauphoeta, Panchlora, Phoetalia, Pycnoscelis, Rhyparobia, distributions, systematics, education, teaching, techniques. Identification of cockroaches is limited here to adults. A major source of confusion is the recogni- tion of adults from nymphs (Figs. 1, 2). There are subjective differences, as well as morphological differences. Immature cockroaches are known as nymphs. Nymphs closely resemble adults except nymphs are generally smaller and lack wings and genital openings or copulatory appendages at the tip of their abdomen. Many species, however, have wingless adult females. Nymphs of these may be recognized by their shorter, relatively broad cerci and lack of external genitalia. Male cockroaches possess styli in addition to paired cerci. Styli arise from the subgenital plate and are generally con- spicuous, but may also be reduced in some species. Styli are absent in adult females and nymphs.
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C Cockroach Biology and Management
E-359 5/12 Cockroach Biology and Management Wizzie Brown, Michael Merchant, and Roger E. Gold* ockroaches are among the most common American, oriental, and smokybrown cockroaches insect pests in homes, schools, and busi- live mostly outdoors but may move indoors in C nesses. They like to eat many of the same search of food or water. Cockroaches also infest foods we do and are especially troublesome wher- homes when brought in with groceries or boxes, ever food is prepared or served. They also may and, once established, can readily move within transfer disease-causing organisms. structures such as from apartment to apartment. Fortunately, cockroaches can be controlled American cockroaches, also known as water- with a little knowledge about their biology and bugs or palmetto bugs, are more common in com- behavior, attention to sanitation, and effective use mercial buildings and are one of the most common of commercially available insecticides. cockroaches in sewer systems. The largest cock- roach in Texas, it can grow 1½ to 2 inches long. Identifying cockroaches Both the adult male and the female can fly. Adults are reddish brown (Fig. 1a), with tan to Cockroaches have flattened bodies and heads light-yellow bands outlining the pronotum. Young that, when viewed from above, are concealed by a nymphs are grayish brown, but after the first few plate-like structure called a pronotum. They move molts, they become more reddish brown (Fig. 1b). surprisingly fast with their elongated, spiny legs. Their long, thin antennae help them find food and feel their way in the dark (which is when they are a b most active).
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Unusual Macrocyclic Lactone Sex Pheromone of Parcoblatta Lata, a Primary Food Source of the Endangered Red-Cockaded Woodpecker
Unusual macrocyclic lactone sex pheromone of Parcoblatta lata, a primary food source of the endangered red-cockaded woodpecker Dorit Eliyahua,b,1,2, Satoshi Nojimaa,b,1,3, Richard G. Santangeloa,b, Shannon Carpenterc,4, Francis X. Websterc, David J. Kiemlec, Cesar Gemenoa,b,5, Walter S. Leald, and Coby Schala,b,6 aDepartment of Entomology and bW. M. Keck Center for Behavioral Biology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695; cDepartment of Chemistry, College of Environmental Science and Forestry, State University of New York, Syracuse, NY 13210; and dDepartment of Entomology, University of California, Davis, CA 95616 Edited by May R. Berenbaum, University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign, Urbana, IL, and approved November 28, 2011 (received for review July 20, 2011) Wood cockroaches in the genus Parcoblatta, comprising 12 species Identiﬁcation of the sex pheromone of P. lata has important endemic to North America, are highly abundant in southeastern implications in biological conservation and forest management pine forests and represent an important prey of the endangered practices. This species and seven related species in the genus red-cockaded woodpecker, Picoides borealis. The broad wood cock- Parcoblatta inhabit standing pines, woody debris, logs, and snags roach, Parcoblatta lata, is among the largest and most abundant of in pine forests of the southeastern United States, and they rep- the wood cockroaches, constituting >50% of the biomass of the resent the most abundant arthropod biomass in this habitat (4). woodpecker’s diet. Because reproduction in red-cockaded wood- Most importantly, P. lata constitutes a signiﬁcant portion peckers is affected dramatically by seasonal and spatial changes (>50%) of the diet of the endangered red-cockaded wood- P.
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Cockroaches.Pdf
COCKROACHES: PICTORIAL KEY TO SOME COMMON SPECIES Harry D. Pratt SMALL, ABOUT 5/S" OR SHORTER MEDIUM TO LARGE, LONGER THAN 5/S INCH • •I I PRONOTUM WITH PRONOTUIII WITHOUT WINGS ABSENT, WINGS COVERING OR • 2 LONGITIPNAL LONGITUDINAl.• SHORTER AIIOOMEN,• OFTEN BLACK BARS BLACK BARS THAN A800MEN EXTENDING BEYOND I I i i I WIN8S ABSENT WINGS SHORTER PRONOTUM MORE PRONOTUIII ABOUT THAN ABOOIIEN THAN IA• INCH W10E 114 INGH WIDE WITH PALE BORDER FEMALE --'1-- GERMAN COCKROACH ....--i---MALE (BI.,'tllla ,.rmtlniCtl) .•. ..... , . •. \ ", " WlN8S COYEfIING ABOUT HALF WINGS COVERING NEARLY ALL OF ABDOMEN PRONOTUM OF ABDOMEN OR EXTENDING ORIENTAL COCKROACH WOOD ROACH ABOUT 1/4 INCH WIDE BEYOND. PRONOTUM NARROWER (Bltll/tI Dritlnltlli6) (PtlrcDblalltl 6/IP.) -... f I' " \ ".m ~ ~ .~, I \ i : FRONT WING WITHOUT PALE ~J~T(~ '~' STREAK. PRONOTUM SOLID \ ( COLOR, OR WITH PALE DESIGN ONLY MODERATELY CON~CUOUS BROWN-BANDED COCKROACH I ~ (s..IIt1 .","cfilium) I i WOOD ROACH PRONOTUM SOLI) DARK COLOR. PRONOTUM USUALLY WITH SOME FRONT WING WITH OUTER (Ptlrcobkllltl 6pp.) GENE~L COLOR VERY DARK PALE AREA. GENERAL COLOR SELDOM PALE STREAK AT BASE. BROWN TO BLACK. DARKER THAN REDDISH CHESTNUT PRONOTUM STRIKINGLY MARKED 1;;;;;--',-- PAlE STREAK AUSTRALIAN COCKROACH LAST SEGMENT OF LAST SEGMENT OF (P.r~It1"". tlWlrtlltl6if1t1) SMOKY BROWN COCKROACH CERCUS NOT TWICE CERCUS TWICE AS AS LONG AS WIOE LONG AS WIDE (JI (Ptlrlpltlntl'" 'IIIi,inD6a) (JI SCALE ... INCHES BROWN COCKROACH AMERICAN COCKROACH • (~r~ltlntlftl b'~ntltl) (~r~ltlMltI tllHTicantl) COCKROACHES: KEY TO EGG CASES OF COMMON DOMESTIC SPECIES HlU'old George Scott, Ph.D. and MlU'gery R. Borom less than !4" long more than W' long subsegmenu apparent subsegmenu inapparent Eill.
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The Cockroach Connection—Ancient, Seemingly Indestructible Pest
Current Comments@ EUGENE GARFIELD INSTITUTE FOR SCIENTIFIC INFORMATION(9 3W1 MARKET ST PHILADELFI+A PA 19104 The Cockroach Connection—Ancient, Seemingly Indestructible Pest. Part 2. Population Control, or: “Dr. Djerassi, How Do You (let Them to Take the Pill’?” Number 46 November 12, 1990 In Part 1, we examined the edcroach’s morphology and behavior and the link to allergic reactions in humans. In Part 2, we examine how scientists are attacking the problem of cockroach infestations via pesticides and artificial analogs of the insect’s hormones and pheromones. Four Cirdon Cfassics@J relating to research on cockroach development and gnnwh are discussed, and lSI@ research-front data highlight activity in cdcmach control. Declaring War on Roaches down less easily. Many of the pyrethroids are much more active than the natural pyre- The cockroach is one of the most vilified thrins (some 1,000 times more) and, unlike insects known to mart. In the US more than the natural pyrethrins, are stable in sunlight. $1.5 billion was spent in 1989 on consumer In contrast, because of their instability in pesticide products to get rid of cdroaches, sunlight, the natural pyrethrins cannot be the single largest expenditure for a pest in used on field crops. Permethrin was the the country. 1 Let’s take a look at what this first sunlight-stable commercial pyrethroid.3 money is spent on and at the eradica- Many insects have developed a resistance tion/control efforts of insect researchers in to pyrethrins and pyrethroids (synthetic de- the laboratory. rivatives of pyrethrins). According to Clive Scientists are attacking the problem of A.
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Cockroach Control Protocol
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Characters for Identifying Common Families of Blattodea1 (Not Including Termites)
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Cockroach IPM in Schools Janet Hurley, ACE Extension Program Specialist III What Are Cockroaches?
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Cockroach Control
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The Cockroach – the World’S Oldest Pest
Cockroaches, Blattodea , are insects to which we have a particular aversion. They make a mess and often occur in large numbers in places we certainly don’t want to see them - in our kitchens and larders! The cockroach – the world’s oldest pest THE COCKROACH IS ALSO one of the oldest insects in the world. Species very similar to present-day cockroaches have been found in deposits dating back to the Carboniferous period. This means that cockroaches are an astonishing 400 million years old. There are about 4 000 species, about ten of which live close to humans. The others can be found in the natural environment, mostly in the Tropics. The largest species can be almost 12 cm long and the smallest just a few millimetres. Cockroaches are closely related to grasshoppers and crickets. They are flat with a large neck shield, have large spiny legs and two long, thin antennae protruding from their inward-pointing head. The back of the fully-fledged adult is covered by a pair of parchment-like wings, although cockroaches don’t normally fly long distances. Indoors, they normally move by running, and they can run very fast. The species that live and breed indoors in Sweden are the German cockroach, Blattella germanica , and the brown-banded cockroach, Supella longipalpa . COCKROACHES ARE OMNIVORES. The species that occur in the Tropics live on the ground, where they degrade leaves and dead animals. In our indoor environment, they eat anything they can get at. They are averse to light and are therefore active at night. They give off a nasty- smelling secretion from glands in the abdomen and their droppings are also malodorous.
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