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Guide to the William Mark Archive in the Powerhouse

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GUIDE TO THE WILLIAM MARK ARCHIVE IN THE POWERHOUSE MUSEUM Helen Yoxall 2011 CONTENTS Biographical Note 3 Series List 4 Series Descriptions and Item Lists 5 Powerhouse Museum BIOGRAPHICAL NOTE WILLIAM MARK ARCHIVE COLLECTION 2006/124/1 William Mark (1868-1956) was an Australian-born silversmith and enameller in the Arts and Crafts style. His work included ecclesiastical metalwork, jewellery and silverware. Born on 12 June 1868 at Scarsdale, near Ballarat, Victoria, the son of Robert Mark, William Mark attended state schools at Scarsdale and at Gold Street, Clifton Hill, Melbourne. In the 1880s he was apprenticed to Melbourne jeweller, gold and silversmith and enameller John R. Rowland. According to the Sands Directory, Mark was practising in his own workshop at 101 Swanston Street, Melbourne, 1891 to1894, but no examples of his work from this period are known. Mark left Australia around 1895, spent a short time in South Africa and travelled on to London. Here he worked in the craft workshop of Nelson Dawson (1859-1941). Dawson and his wife Edith were leaders in the jewellery of the Arts and Crafts movement and master enamellers. Mark became a member of Guild of Handicraft in Chipping Campden, Gloucestershire in 1902. The Guild, which operated as a co-operative, was formed in 1888 by architect Charles Robert Ashbee (1863-1942) who was inspired by the ideas of traditional craftsmanship and social reform advocated by William Morris and John Ruskin and the Arts and Crafts movement. Originally established in the East End of London, the Guild moved to the rural town of Chipping Campden in 1902. The Guild's craftsmen specialised in metalwork, including jewellery, enamels, cutlery and tableware. The Guild went into voluntary liquidation in 1907. Mark and three other members of the Guild's jewellery and silver workshop - George Hart, JK Baily and GE Horwood - formed the Guild of Handicraft partnership which operated until 1912. Mark then set up his own workshop and registered his hallmark in 1912. He remained in Chipping Campden until 1920. Mark's entry in the Who's who in Australia 1933-34 describes him as a "worker in metals, precious stones, enamelled and inlaid work" and says of his work in England: " he executed a gold bouquet holder for Queen Mary and many pieces of his work were purchased by Queen Alexandra; caskets presented to Lord Roberts [sic] Baden-Powell and Royal Personages visiting Eng.; heraldic shield in enamel for the tomb of an Archbishop of Canterbury, and enamelled coats of arms [for] the Knights' Chapel in Westminster Abbey, altar vessels and reliquary for R.C. Cathedral, Boston, U.S.A.; examples of his work were purchased for the National Collection at South Kensington [Victoria and Albert Museum] and for the Art Galleries of Manchester and Liverpool " Photographs in the archive also indicate he received commissions to make memorial plaques for English churches during the period 1909 to1920, including ones honouring fallen soldiers of World War 1. He returned to Melbourne with his family (his wife Eliza Mark née Fincham b.1870, 10 year-old daughter Jessie Hay Mark and sons Robert Mark, 6 years and James Hay Mark, 5 years) in August 1920, where they lived in the bayside suburb of Gardenvale at 98 Asling Street. His main work was ecclesiastical metalwork for cathedrals and churches in south-eastern Australia. Again, from Who's who in Australia 1933-34: " his work in Aus. includes an exquisite chalice in gold in St. Peter's [Anglican] Church, Eastern Hill, Melb., gold chalice and "Book of Gold" in Warriors' Memorial Chapel of St. Michael, [Christ Church Anglican Cathedral] Newcastle, altar vessels and memorials in chapel of St. Peter's Coll., Adelaide, and processional crosses for Armidale[School Chapel], Singleton and Parkes, N.S.W., and St Paul's Cathedral, Melb.; Exhibitor at Paris, Lond., Ghent, Leipzig, New York and San Francisco exhibitions of Arts and Crafts; Member Arts and Crafts Socy., Art Workers' Guild Lond., and Arts and Crafts Socy. of Vic " A photo in the archive also indicates he made a ciborium for St Andrews Anglican Church, Walkerville, South Australia. An exhibition at the National Gallery of Victoria, curated by Judith O'Callaghan, "Treasures from Australian Churches", August- November 1985, featured Mark's work. Very few examples of Marks secular work (jewellery and silverware) survive. References: Czernis-Ryl, E., Curator's notes on object file (2006/124/1) Cavill, K., "William Mark - a distinguished Australian craftsman", Silver Journal of Australia, 1, 2005, pp. 6-7 Cavill, K., and Czernis-Ryl, E. "Australian gold and silver 1901-1950" in Czernis-Ryl, Eva. Brilliant: Australian Gold and Silver 1851-1950, Powerhouse Publishing, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia, 2011, pp.59-132 O'Callagahan, Judith. "Treasures from Australian Churches", Gallery [National Gallery Society of Victoria], August 1985, pp.9-10 "William Mark", Who's Who in Australia 1933-34 (8th ed.), Melbourne, Herald Press, 1934 Powerhouse Museum WILLIAM MARK ARCHIVE COLLECTION SERIES LIST Reg. Number Series Title Date 2006/124/1-1 Photographic prints 1902-1920 2006/124/1-2 Letters received 1900-1933 2006/124/1-3 Notes on the art and process of enamelling 1928 2006/124/1-4 Portraits of William Mark 1895-1919 2006/124/1-5 Postcards of Lakenheath, Suffolk c1910 2006/124/1-6 Miscellaneous papers 1887-1920 2006/124/1-7 Samples of enamelling 1920s-1941 Powerhouse Museum SERIES DESCRIPTION WILLIAM MARK ARCHIVE COLLECTION 2006/124/1-1 Registration Number: 2006/124/1-1 Series Title: Photographic prints Date Range: 1902-1920 Physical Characteristics: 55 black and white photographic prints, with three collotype plate proofs and one magazine cutting Description: Photographic prints of his work, collected by William Mark, Australia and England, 1902-1920 55 photographs of William Mark's work - silver and enamel jewellery and church memorial plaques (largely for World War 1 soldiers) made whilst he lived in England and later churchware for Australian churches. Also included is a magazine clipping of an illustration of one of Mark's necklaces and three collotype plate proofs of photos of jewellery for an unknown publication. Mark's handwritten descriptions appear on the reverse of many of the photographs. Arrangement: Arranged by following categories - Jewellery, Memorials and Churchware. Order imposed by the Archivist Dimensions: Shelf Length: 0.050 m Box Number: 1 Powerhouse Museum WILLIAM MARK ARCHIVE COLLECTION ITEM LIST Series Title: Photographic prints Item Number Item Title Box 2006/124/1-1/1 Photographic print, black & white, pendant of floral design set with gemstones 1 and a pearl in the centre, made by William Mark, Chipping Campden, Gloucestershire, UK, 1902-1920 2006/124/1-1/2 Photographic print, black & white, pendant of floral design set with gemstones 1 and a pearl in the centre, made by William Mark, Chipping Campden, Gloucestershire, UK, 1902-1920 2006/124/1-1/3 Photographic print, black & white, necklace with blister pearls and enamelled 1 links and pendant featuring a bird, made by William Mark, Chipping Campden, Gloucestershire, UK, 1902-1920 2006/124/1-1/4 Photographic print, black & white, necklace with blister pearls and enamelled 1 links and pendant featuring a bird, made by William Mark, Chipping Campden, Gloucestershire, UK, 1902-1920 2006/124/1-1/5 Photographic print, black & white, necklace and pendant featuring plique-a-jour 1 enamel and gemstones, made by William Mark, Chipping Campden, Gloucestershire, UK, 1902-1920 2006/124/1-1/6 Photographic print, black & white, gold chain necklace with enamel and 1 gemstones, made by William Mark, Chipping Campden, Gloucestershire, UK, 1902-1920 The chain is of gold, enamels, sapphire, rubies & moonstone. The enamel elements feature a deer, a bird and floral designs. 2006/124/1-1/7 Photographic print, black & white, mounted on paper sheet, silver and green 1 zircon necklace, made by William Mark, Chipping Campden, Gloucesteshire, UK, 1902-1920 2006/124/1-1/8 Photographic print, black & white, silver and green zircon necklace, designed and 1 made by William Mark, Chipping Campden, Gloucesteshire, UK, 1902-1920 2006/124/1-1/9 Photographic print, black & white, mounted on paper sheet, brooch and ring, made 1 by William Mark, Chipping Campden, Gloucestershire, UK, 1902-1920 Both brooch is in bronze, gold, silver and enamel, set with carbuncle. The ring is in gold, bronze and enamel, set with carbuncle. 2006/124/1-1/10 Photographic print, black & white, six-link silver bracelet set with cabochons, 1 made by William Mark, Chipping Campden, Gloucestershire, UK, 1912-1920 The first link is enamelled with four words on each arm of the cross: 'STEEL, TRUE, BLADE, STRAIGHT'. The words on the third link read: 'THE GREAT ARTIFICER' and on the fifth link: 'MADE MY MARK'. 2006/124/1-1/11 Photographic print, black & white, two silver pins with geometric designs, made 1 by William Mark, Chipping Campden, Gloucestershire, UK, 1902-1920 2006/124/1-1/12 Photographic print, black & white, two silver pins with geometric designs, made 1 by William Mark, Chipping Campden, Gloucestershire, UK, 1902-1920 2006/124/1-1/13 Photographic print, black & white, necklace with peacock pendant, designed by 1 Charles Robert Ashbee and made by William Mark, Chipping Campden, Gloucestershire, UK, 1901-1902 A silver and gold example of this necklace made about 1901 is in the collection of the Victoria and Albert Museum (M.23-1965], set with blister pearls, diamond sparks, garnet and small natural pearls. 2006/124/1-1/14 Magazine clipping, illustration of a necklace and pendant made by William Mark 1 The pendant features two cupids flanking a square enamel piece, which is inset with a heart design. 2006/124/1-1/15 Photographic print, black & white, seven items of jewellery made by William 1 Mark, Chipping Campden, Gloucestershire, UK, 1912-1919 The photograph features seven pieces of jewellery: a necklace and pendant with a heart design, two brooches with a floral design, a hair comb, a belt clasp, a ring with gemstones, and a belt buckle.
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