Bailiff Manual
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Enforcement Officers (Formerly Known As Bailiffs)
BRIEFING PAPER Number CBP04103, 4 June 2021 Enforcement officers By Lorraine Conway (formerly known as bailiffs) Contents: Summary 1. Introduction to enforcement agents 2. Regulation of enforcement agents 3. Complaints about enforcement agents 4. Frequently asked questions 5. Where to get debt advice 6. Recent developments 7. Effectiveness of current regulation 8. Bailiff action during Covid-19 www.parliament.uk/commons-library | intranet.parliament.uk/commons-library | [email protected] | @commonslibrary 2 Enforcement officers (formerly known as bailiffs) Contents Summary 4 1. Introduction to enforcement agents 5 1.1 What is an enforcement agent? 5 1.2 Types of enforcement agent 5 High Court enforcement officers 6 County Court bailiffs 7 Civilian Enforcement Officers 7 2. Regulation of enforcement agents 8 2.1 Overview 8 2.2 New national standards on enforcement 10 3. Complaints about enforcement agents 11 3.1 Is there a regulatory body? 11 3.2 Is there a general guide? 11 3.3 Who should I complain to? 11 3.4 Complaints about private sector enforcement agents 11 Certificated enforcement agents 11 High Court Enforcement Officers (HCEOs) 12 3.5 Complaints about court enforcement officers 13 County Court bailiff or civilian enforcement officer 13 3.6 Complaining to the creditor 13 3.7 Taking legal action 13 4. Frequently asked questions 14 4.1 When can bailiffs enter a property? 14 4.2 Are there any time restrictions? 14 4.3 Who can let a bailiff in? 14 4.4 Can bailiffs force entry? 15 4.5 How do you know it is a certificated bailiff and not a debt collector? 15 4.6 What belongings can a bailiff take? 15 4.7 Can bailiffs take other people’s belongings? 16 4.8 Can bailiffs take goods from outside of the home? 16 4.9 Are vulnerable people protected? 17 4.10 What fees can bailiffs charge? 17 5. -
The Machinery of Eviction
The Machinery of Eviction: Bailiffs, Power, Resistance, and Eviction Enforcement Practices in England and Wales ! Alexander George Baker ! Thesis submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy School of Architecture, Planning, and Landscape Newcastle University January 2017 Abstract This thesis addresses a significant research gap in critical research on forced eviction. It attempts to shift focus from the experiences of the evicted, examined in previous studies, to the work of evictors and eviction enforcement. It asks how the ‘tools, technologies, strategies, and tactics’ of forced eviction develop and are implemented in England and Wales. Using qualitative interviews centred around a case study of a city in the North of England to examine the ‘everyday’ form of evictions, this thesis looks at the work of a Rent Arrears Recovery Team on the ‘Benford’ housing estate in the city, and the working lives of County Court Bailiffs at the local court as they work in the context of a national ‘housing crisis’. Interviews with third party organizations and a High Court Enforcement firm, video footage, and online accounts of large-scale evictions provided by a wide range of sources from social movements are used to explore the ‘exceptional’ forms of displacement that emerge on a national scale. This research shows that Eviction enforcement actors and specialists have to employ forms of coercion which exist on a continuum between the ‘emotional’ and the ‘physical’; these practices are underpinned by ‘intuitive’ tactics built through individual and personal histories and the historical context in which evictions take place. These strategies and tactics of eviction are shaped by the resistance of the evicted, and the development of the disciplinary institutions of eviction happens in response to this resistance, which sets the pace for the development of the capacity of the state and economy to displace. -
The Bailiff Manual
The Bailiff Manual A Procedural Guide for County Court Bailiffs August 2012 2 3 Contents Section 1 – Introduction……………………………………………..11 Section 2 - General duties and responsibilities…………………13 2.1 Identity card…………………………………………………… 13 2.2 General principles of Bailiff duties…………………………...13 Section 3 - Training courses………………………………………..17 Section 4 - Annual leave and working hours…………………….19 Section 5 - Travel and allowances…………………………………21 5.1 Travel allowances – home to office journeys……………….21 5.2 Requirements…………………………………………………..21 5.3 Congestion Charge for London………………………………23 5.4 Reimbursement by the Department for the Congestion Charge……………………………………………23 5.5 Payment of the Congestion Charge…………………………24 5.6 Detached duty into the Congestion Charge zone…….….. 24 5.7 Claiming reimbursement of Congestion Charge……………24 5.8 Refunds from Transport for London………………………....25 5.9 Annual / sick leave…………………………………………….25 5.10 Leaving the Department………………………………………25 5.11 Further information on Congestion Charging………………26 Section 6 – District judges’ liability for County Court Bailiffs………………………………….27 Section 7 – Keeping records……………………………………….29 7.1 The Daily Record Sheet……………………………………...29 7.2 Bailiffs’ folders …………………………………………………30 7.3 Bailiff note book……………………………………………….31 7.4 Security and records………………………………………….31 4 Section 8 – Handling money………………………………………..33 8.1 Procedures……………………………………………………..33 8.2 Methods of payment…………………………………………..34 8.3 Allpay payment cards………………………………………....34 8.4 Cash…………………………………………………………….35 8.5 Credit and debit -
A Guide to Effective Use of Enforcement Powers
A Guide to Eff ective Use of Enforcement Powers 0845 370 7401 Able Investigations & Enforcements including Specialist Eviction Group UK CONTENTS Pages Introduction 3 Unauthorised Encampment - The Powers in Summary 4 Common law powers 5 Part 55 Civil Procedures Rules 5 Sections 77-78 Criminal Justice and Public Order Act 1994 5 Sections 61-62 Criminal Justice and Public Order Act 1994 5 Section 62A-E Criminal Justice and Public Order Act 1994 5 Unauthorised Encampment - The Powers in Detail 6 Common law powers 6 Part 55 Civil Procedure Rules 6 Sections. 77-78 Criminal Justice and Public Order Act 1994 6 Sections. 61-62 Criminal Justice and Public Order Act 1994 9 Sections. 62A-E Criminal Justice and Public Order Act 1994 10 Choosing the Most Appropriate Power 11 Speeding up the Process: 13 Making authorised provision 13 Being prepared 13 Avoiding legal challenge 14 Working with the courts 14 Keeping Costs Down: 14 Avoiding unnecessary enforcement action 14 Avoiding unnecessary clean-up costs 15 Avoiding unnecessary legal costs 15 The Eviction Process 15 Preventing Further Unauthorised Camping: 16 Following up enforcement action 16 Other legal action 16 Provision of appropriate sites 16 Site protection measures 17 Additional Sources of Information 17 Glossary of Terms Used 17 Appendix - Primary Legislation 19 A GUIDE TO THE LAW REGARDING CERTIFICATED ENFORCEMENT AGENTS FOR POLICE OFFICERS 30 Please Note: All pages reproduced for information purposes only. Pages 2-34 © Crown Copyright 2006. Guide to Eff ective use of Emforcement Powers - Gypsy & Traveller Unit. Product code: 05HC03600 www.odpm.gov.uk Pages 35-45 With thanks to Andy Coates & Karl Smith co-writers of A GUIDE TO THE LAW REGARDING CERTIFICATED ENFORCEMENT AGENTS FOR POLICE OFFICERS Revised Edition Copyright 2015 Enforcement Bailiff s Ltd 2 Introduction 1. -
The Bailiff Manual
The Bailiff Manual A Procedural Guide for County Court Bailiffs August 2012 2 Contents Section 1 – Introduction……………………………………………..11 Section 2 - General duties and responsibilities…………………13 2.1 Identity card…………………………………………………… 13 2.2 General principles of Bailiff duties…………………………...13 Section 3 - Training courses………………………………………..17 Section 4 - Annual leave and working hours…………………….19 Section 5 - Travel and allowances…………………………………21 5.1 Travel allowances – home to office journeys……………….21 5.2 Requirements…………………………………………………..21 5.3 Congestion Charge for London………………………………23 5.4 Reimbursement by the Department for the Congestion Charge……………………………………………23 5.5 Payment of the Congestion Charge…………………………24 5.6 Detached duty into the Congestion Charge zone…….….. 24 5.7 Claiming reimbursement of Congestion Charge……………24 5.8 Refunds from Transport for London………………………....25 5.9 Annual / sick leave…………………………………………….25 5.10 Leaving the Department………………………………………25 5.11 Further information on Congestion Charging………………26 Section 6 – District judges’ liability for County Court Bailiffs………………………………….27 Section 7 – Keeping records……………………………………….29 7.1 The Daily Record Sheet……………………………………...29 7.2 Bailiffs’ folders …………………………………………………30 7.3 Bailiff note book……………………………………………….31 7.4 Security and records………………………………………….31 3 Section 8 – Handling money………………………………………..33 8.1 Procedures……………………………………………………..33 8.2 Methods of payment…………………………………………..34 8.3 Allpay payment cards………………………………………....34 8.4 Cash…………………………………………………………….35 8.5 Credit and debit -
03Aii Travellers Protocol Appx A.Pdf
Salford City Council Protocol for managing Unauthorised Encampments July 2017 V.1.1 Contents Page No. (s) Aim 3 - 4 Background 5 – 7 Enforcement Powers available 8 – 13 Other issues arising as a result of Unauthorised Encampments 14 - 15 The Local Authority’s Procedure: (a) Stage 1 – Identification of Land Ownership 16 – 17 (b) Stage 2 – Action by Local Authority – Welfare 17 (c) Stage 3 – Action by Local Authority – Decision Making 18 (d) Stage 4 – Action by Local Authority – Enforcement 18 – 19 (e) Stage 5 – Action by Local Authority – Site Clean-up 19 Preventing Further Unauthorised encamping 19 - 20 Appendices 21 V.1.1 Aim This procedure has been developed in order: ● To put forward the Council’s position in relation to unauthorised encampments within the City. ● To clarify working arrangements surrounding unauthorised encampments including the role of the relevant Authorities and Partners. ● To increase awareness of the responsibilities and constraints upon the powers of the Authorities. ● To ensure that unauthorised encampments are responded to swiftly and effectively. ● To prevent as far as is reasonably possible further unauthorised encampment within the city. ● To ensure that welfare issues arising as a result of unauthorised encampments are dealt with appropriately. ● To ensure that the correct method of management, including enforcement action, is adopted as swiftly and cost effectively as possible. ● To be able to plan ahead to minimise problems and to avoid the need to deal with unauthorised encampments on a crisis basis. ● To ensure that the needs and legitimate expectations of Gypsies and Travellers, Landowners and the settled community are considered. -
Enforcement Agent's, the Police and The
Certificated Enforcement Agents Association Enforcement Agent’s, The Police and The Law A guide to the law and the roles carried out by Enforcement Agents in England & Wales History of the Bailiff Bailiff was the term used by the Normans for what the Saxons had called a reeve: the officer responsible for executing the decisions of a court. The duty of the bailiff would thus include serving summonses and orders and executing all warrants issued out of the corresponding court. The district within which the bailiff operated was called his bailiwick, even to the present day. Bailiffs were outsiders and free men, that is, they were not usually from the bailiwick they were responsible for. Throughout Norman England, the Saxon and Norman populations gradually mixed, and reeve came to be limited to shire-level courts (hence sheriff as a contraction of "shire- reeve"), while bailiff was used in relation to the lower courts. Primarily then, bailiff referred to the officer executing the decisions of manorial courts, and the hundred courts. Likewise, in Scotland a bailie was the chief officer of a barony (baron bailie), and in the Channel Islands they were the principal civil officers. With the introduction of Justices of the Peace (magistrates), magistrates' courts acquired their own bailiffs. Historically, courts were not always concerned with legal matters, and often decided administrative matters for the area within their jurisdiction. A bailiff of a manor, therefore, would often oversee the manor's lands and buildings, collect its rents, manage its accounts and run its farms. In the 19th century, the administrative functions of courts were mostly replaced by the creation of elected local authorities (councils). -
How to Deal with Bailiffs
HOW TO DEAL WITH BAILIFFS Bailiffs (also called ‘enforcement agents’) visiting your home can be a stressful experience but you have rights and you shouldn’t be bullied. Bailiffs are only allowed to try to come into your home between 6am and 9pm. You shouldn't let a bailiff into your home - it’s always best to try to sort out your debt by keeping them outside and speaking through the door or over the phone. Make sure your doors are locked and your windows are closed - bailiffs can come in through unlocked doors. If you have a porch with a lockable door you should lock this too. Depending on the kind of debt you owe, the bailiff will sometimes have the right to force entry by asking a locksmith to open your door if you won’t let them in. It’s very unlikely they’ll do this - you should still have the chance to pay without them coming in. Call 999 if you're being physically threatened by a bailiff - don't let them into your home. GET PROOF OF WHO THEY ARE The first thing to do when a bailiff arrives is to ask for proof of who they are and why they’re visiting. If they say they're a 'debt collector' tell them to leave. They don't have the same powers as bailiffs, and they have to go if you ask them to. If they say they’re a bailiff or enforcement agent, ask them to show you a badge, ID card or ‘enforcement agent certificate’.