Tree ring dated buildings © VAG 2021

INDEX OF TREE-RING DATED BUILDINGS IN COUNTY LIST approximately in chronological order, revised to VA51 (2020). © Vernacular Architecture Group 2021 These files may be copied for personal use, but should not be published or further distributed without written permission from the Vernacular Architecture Group. Always access these tables via the VAG website. Unauthorised copies released without prior consent on search engines may be out of date and unreliable. Since 2016 a very small number of construction date ranges from historical sources have been added. These entries are entirely in italics. Before using the index you are recommended to read or print the introduction and guidance, which includes a key to the abbreviations used on the tables

ESSEX

County – Felling date Placename Address VA ref HE ref Description / keywords NGR Historic range Other refs and later Ess 931 -1121 Belchamp St Paul Church Street (1) C14 date for earth-fast arcade post (in aisled barn rebuilt c.1200). TL 797434 (Carbon14) Ess 1034 + Hadstock St Botolph’s Church 35.98 Oxf (2) North door: probably c.1050 -75. TL 559448 Ess 1063 + Greenstead St Andrew’s Church 28.142 Sh (3) Stave church. Contiguous staves on ground-sill. [Orig. with tiebeam roof?] TL 540030 Ess 1156 + Buttsbury Church of St Mary 41.103 Oxf (4) Nave north door. TQ 663986 Ess 1167 -1185 Fyfield Fyfield Hall 28.135 MB (5) Aisled hall: earth-fast posts. Upstands. Curved arcade braces with planked TQ 572069 spandrels. Pegged mortice, for aisle brace or for an oriel window. Tiebeams, passing braces. Coupled rafters with collars, rafter braces. Also see 1391-1416. Ess 1205 -1230 Cressing Temple Barley Barn 24.50 MoL (6) Aisled - ‘several important phases are poorly dated’. These dates for main posts, TL 799188 tiebeams, braces. Also see VA 21.45 (1220-1240) and VA 16.41 (1220 +), and 1641. Ess 1220 -25 Harlowbury Manor 28.141 Sh (7) Aisled hall and (originally) in-line end bays. Arcade posts, arcade braces, upstand. TL 478122 House On central truss, passing braces across aisles, arcade post and tiebeam, and up to collar. Secret notched lap joint. Coupled rafters with tenoned collars, and with soulaces, some notch-lapped but others tenoned braces from aisle to rafters in central truss. Open notched lap joints, secret notched lap joints. Ess 1238 -62 Grange Farm Barn 36.81 Sh (8) Aisled barn. 7 or more bays. Passing braces, notched lap joints, unjowled arcade TL 848221 posts. Most roof timbers are later replacements. Originally dated 1237-69 in VA28.141. Ess 1240 -75 Belchamp St Paul The Barn, St Paul’s 24.50 LOS (9) Aisled barn - fragments from, with notched lap-joints re-used in a later bldg. TL 797434 Hall Ess 1265 -72 Tollesbury Tollesbury Hall, 46.104 Oxf Aisled hall. Unjowled posts, reversed assembly at wall plates. Octagonal arcade post TL 956103 Church Street (10) with moulded capital. Parallel braces, passing braces, dragon ties. Secret notched lap joints. Ess 1257 -1280 Cressing Temple Wheat Barn 24.51 LOS Main posts, aisle posts TL 799188 Ess 1257 -90 Cressing Temple Wheat Barn 21.45 MoL (11) Aisle posts, aisle ties, up-braces. Arcade posts, upstands, straight braces up to TL 799188 arcade plates and to tiebeams, secondary rafters, passing braces. Upper roof includes soulaces, secondary rafters, ashlar pieces on collars which trap longitudinal bracing. Ess 1280 + Cressing Temple Wheat Barn 16.41 Fl Also see 1269. TL 799188 Ess 1280 + High Easter Ramseys 34.102 (12) Aisled: hall: fragmentary survival. TL 627162 Ess 1285 -93 St Osyth Bailiff’s Cottage, Burn 38.98 MB Part of St Osyth’s Priory. 22 scissor-braced coupled rafters. Collars are tenoned into TM 121157 Road rafters but braces have notched lap joints at lower ends and bare-faced dovetails at upper-. See 1230-1269 (Gloucs) for parallel? - Blackfriar’s Priory. Ess 1304 -5 Clavering The Bury 28.141 Sh Aisled hall. Wall-plate with notched lap-joints (late e.g.?) TL 472318 Tree ring dated buildings © VAG 2021

Ess 1287 -1329 Wimbish (near) Tiptofts 30.118 Sh Also 1282-1327. Date ranges overlap so the aisled timber-framed hall with TL 570373 AML 6/99. hammerbeam roof of 1282-37 may be contemporary with wing of 1287 -1329. Ess 1301 -37 Wakes Colne Crepping Hall, 34.102 Sh (13) Manorial. Moated. Timber-framed. Two-bay hall and cross-passage. Base cruck (the TL 909284 Crepping Hall Rd blades have no arcade braces). Crown post roof. Spere truss has octagonal posts with moulded capitals. Ess 1328 /29 Belchamp St Paul Turners 28.142 Sh (14) Once an aisled hall. Notched lap joints, splayed scarf joints. It has been argued that TL 799431 the arch-braced tiebeams are not primary. Ess 1341 Birdbrook Baythorne Hall 42.105 Oxf Manorial. Timber-framed. Wide-spaced studs, ‘multiple tension bracing’. Raised aisle TL 719426 2-bay open hall (Hewett drew this as aisled hall), evidence of a louvre. Crenelated beam. Contemporary jettied wings. Hall & E wing roofs have crown posts. Earliest dated raised aisle hall? W wing replacement roof not dated. Ess 1321 -63 Southend Southchurch Hall 28.142 Sh (15) 2-bay open hall. Cusped arch-braces to tiebeam carrying crown post with 4-way TQ 895855 bracing. ‘...a well-preserved moated hall house containing a rather odd cruck element in the south-east corner ...’ [eaves blades]. Ess 1381 -1407 15 High Street 30.87 MB S range of fire-damaged former PH. Box-framed, jettied, crown post. (The date TL 628219 AML 21/99 range given in VA30 is incorrect). Ess 1353 /54 Bocking 67 -69 Bradford Street 49.137 MB DM Fully floored 3-bay building, jettied to front. Jowled posts, short braces up to TL 760239 tiebeams. Undivided 1st-floor hall having moulded bases and capitals on crown posts which clasp the collar purlins; 4-way braces. In gable walls collars are trenched externally across king struts. Ess 1344 -73 Fyfield Church of St Nicholas 37.98 MB North aisle roof and nave tiebeam. Also see 1487 -1519 & 1563 -86. TL 572067 CfA 64/2005 Ess 1352 -67 Tollesbury Bourchier’s Hall, Back 48.111 Oxf Central hall truss has steeply arch-braced, quadrant-moulded cambered tiebeam, TL 944116 (OxCal) Road octagonal crown post with 4-way rising straight braces. Ess 1349 -85? Salcott Horn Farm Barn 32.88 Sh Small 3-bay barn. Passing braces, arched bracing, reversed assembly at the aisles, TL 947136 soffit jowls on the aisle ties, edge-halved and bridled scarf joints. Ess 1368 Wakes Colne Normans / Normandy 34.102 IT (16) Moated. Aisled. Box-framed. Hall with cross-passage and upper end wing. Wing has TL 886303 Hall, Lane Road end jetty and half-hip with gablet. Large panel framing with curved and straight down- braces. Hall has flying tiebeam and a crown post roof. Ess 1353 -86 Coggeshall ‘Spooners’, 30 Church 43.95 IT (17) In-line 4-bay house with 2-bay hall. Posts with jowled heads, tall rectangular wall TL 851226 St panels, serpentine & curved down-braces. Front doorway with 2-centred arch, carved spandrels, internal doorway with ogee head. Arch-braced tiebeam, crown post with curved braces up to collar purlin & down to tiebeam. For rear extension see 1608/9. Ess 1353 -89 St Martin’s Church 30.117 Sh Chancel roof: no details. Nave tiebeam dated to 1357-62. Decorated panel from TL 996254 chancel ceiling after 1348. Ess 1375 Bocking White Hart Hotel 34.101 IT (18) Aisled hall range, and possibly a contemporary wing with crown post, but survival is TL 757232 fragmentary. Curved arcade braces. Ess 1370 -80 Colchester Rebow House, 58 -62 48.110 Oxf Medieval cellar with flat-section joists, thick braces. TL 994250 (OxCal) Head Street Ess 1361 -93 Coggeshall 18 East St 43.96 IT (19) Originally part of an H-plan house with Nos. 14 & 16. Surviving bay of a parlour wing. TL850225 Roof rebuilt. (For rebuilt hall see 16 East St, 1636: for low end wing see 14 East St, 1435). Ess 1365 -91 Navestock St Thomas the 30.118 Sh Also 1338 -1382. Bell tower and inner frame here shown to be probably TQ 540984 Apostle contemporary. Suggested that framed towers are later than those of N Herefs, and probably a separate tradition. Also see 1511 -56 and 1458 after. Ess 1382 + Woodham Walter St Michael’s Church 28.142 Sh Bellframe. TL 809067 AML 12/96 Ess 1386/7 Coggeshall 10 East St 43.95 IT (20) Low end wing, Unjowled storey posts. Plain crown post with down-braces to tiebeam. TL 850225 (For rebuilt hall see 1552-88). Tree ring dated buildings © VAG 2021

Ess 1386 -96 Newport The Old Vicarage, 45.117 Oxf F.d.r. is for timbers in jettied N wing. Cambered tiebeam, crown-post roof. (For S TL 521338 High Street wing see 1492-1524). Ess 1383 -99 West Hanningfield Church of St Mary and 48.82 MB Timber-framed tower. Corner posts dated but bell-frame failed to date. TQ 735998 OxCal) St Edward RRS 24-2016 Ess 1394 /95 Colchester The George Hotel, 48.110 Oxf First-floor hall. Crown-post (from 1st roof?). (Roof rebuilt). TL 997252 1396 High Street Ess 1381 -1407 Great Dunmow 15 High Street 30.87 MB S range of fire-damaged former PH. Box-framed, jettied, crown post. (The date TL 628219 AML 21/99 range given in VA30 is incorrect). Ess 1397 Coggeshall 19 East St 43.96 IT (21) Outbuilding, possible kitchen, possibly floored at one end. Storey-high tall TL 851225 rectangular panels, curved down-braces. S gable poss. had curved down braces from king strut to tiebeam & smoke outlet between 2 collars. Former open truss – arch-braces to tiebeam. Coupled rafters with collars. Ess 1388 -1410 Cressing Temple All Saints Church 28.140 Sh Belfry TL 794204 Ess 1397 /8 1399 Blackmore Priory Church of St 36.89 Oxf 3-tier timber bell tower with broach spire. TL 603016 /1400 Laurence Ess 1391-1416 Fyfield Fyfield Hall 28.135 MB (22) (Hall.) Aisled 2nd phase: straight arcade braces floating tiebeams, passing braces. TQ 572069 Aisle tie. Unrefined entry notched lap joints in tiebeam. Coupled rafters with collars. Also see 1167 -1185. Ess 1398 -1410 Little Braxted Little Braxted Hall 30.88 MB Detached kitchen. Box-framed. Arch-braced collar. TL 835148 AML 8/99. Ess 1387 -1423 Coggeshall ‘Craig Dhu’, 40, 43.95 IT (23) One of a pair of semi-detached houses, each with small single-bay hall & wing with TL 851227 Church St undershot cross-passage & spere truss – renters? Wing (shop at front, service room or parlour to rear) was jettied, close- studded. (Roof – crown-post? – replaced in 18thC.) Ess 1407 Prittlewell 255 Victoria Avenue 37.112 Notm No architectural details available. TQ 875875 Ess 1409 +0 Cressing Temple Granary 21.45 MoL Rafters: also see 1575 TL 799188 Ess 1396 -1428 Colchester 7 Trinity Street 48.110 Oxf Large panels, close studding, ‘Colchester bracing’. Caution – only 1 dated timber. TL 996250 c. Ess 1412 -13 Cressing Temple Cressing Granary 28.141 Sh Re-used timbers in granary of 1622/3 (qv) TL 799186 Ess 1396 -1432 Prittlewell Prittlewell Priory 38.114 DCL Refectory roof (now in a museum). This felling date range overlaps that of 1407 -33 TQ 876873 for Prior’s chamber roof (qv). Also see 1507 -42. Ess 1403 -29 Coggeshall 7 West St 43.97 IT (24) Market house or court hall? Close studding, unjowled posts, curved down brace. TL 849225 Crown post with braces down to arch-braced tiebeam. Ess 1406 -32 St Mary’s Church 32.71 MB Re-used timbers in south aisle roof. Also see 1475-1502. TL 536387 Ess 1407 -33 Prittlewell Prittlewell Priory 38.114 DCL Prior’s chamber roof (now part of a museum). Crown posts with moulded capitals. TQ 876873 This felling date range overlaps that of 1396 -1432 (qv) for timbers from the refectory range. Also see 1507 -42. Ess 1404-40 Coggeshall 11 East St 43.96 IT (25) 3-bay jettied wing with undershot cross-passage, shop in front bay. Crown-post roof TL 850225 with down-braces. Ess 1425 & Sible Hedingham Swan Inn, Swan 48.111 Oxf South wing, 2 rooms on each floor. (Roof inaccessible). For N wing see 1546, and TL 782336 1425 /26 Street for hall replacement range see 1547 -79). Ess 1413 -36 Church of St John the 36.74 MB Chancel roof formerly considered early 16thC, but here dated to early 15th. Also see TL 610310 Baptist CfA 35/2005 1562. Ess 1423 -30 Upminster Tithe Barn 28.143 Sh Barn. Aisled. Late example of reversed assembly. Curved arcade braces. Crown TQ 565877 (GrLon) post Ess 1410 -1445 Cressing Temple Barley Barn 24.50 MoL Aisle posts TL 799188 Ess 1428 Coggeshall 18 Church St 43.95 IT Bay behind 14 & 16 Church St. Collar rafter roof. TL851226 Ess 1417 -43 Cressing Temple Cressing Wheat Barn 28.141 Sh Braces inserted when barn of 1257 -80 remodelled. TL 799188 Ess 1429 /30 Colchester Sparlings, 3 West 48.109 Oxf Timber-framed. Close studded, curved down-braces: jetty has moulded bressumer. TL 996252 Stockwell Street Windows with traceried heads. Screens passage. Crown-post roof. Tree ring dated buildings © VAG 2021

Ess 1417 -42 Widdington Prior’s Hall Barn 31.122 Sh Aisled. Crown post. TL 537317 Ess 1428/9 Coggeshall 33 East St 43.96 IT Re-used timbers in 18thC cottages. TL 851226 1431/2 Ess 1425 -36 cal 11 King’s Quay, 11 51.104 RRS Stud wall in basement and original elm timbers in gable wall. TM 260327 Austin’s Lane 99/2019 Ess 1435 Coggeshall 14 East St 43.96 IT (26) Originally part of an H-plan house with Nos. 16 & 18. Low end wing with shop front. TL850225 Gabled, jettied, buttress shafts. Crown-post with moulded capital & 4-way bracing; transverse braces rise to soulaces. (For parlour wing see 18 East St, 1361-93: for replacement of hall see 16 East St, 1636). Ess 1422 -48 Coggeshall 9 Market End 43.97 IT (27) 2-bay wing, 3 storeys jettied to front & rear. Shop in front bay? Tall narrow wall TL 850225 panels & curved down braces. Crown post roof. The hall (part of the White Hart) (undated, but believed to be the same phase), includes arch-braced cranked tiebeam, queen posts, arch-braced arcade plates & upper tiebeams – ‘raised aisle’). Ess 1418 -54? Coggeshall 29 East St 43.96 IT (28) 1 wall of former jettied wing: close studding, curved down brace, pegs for a bench. TL 851225 Ess 1427 -59 St Osyth 45 Mill Street 36.90 Oxf Wing. TM 117156 Ess 1420 -1450 Cressing Temple Wheat Barn 24.51 MoL 1410-1450 for porch: 1420-1460 for aisles. TL 799188 Ess 1441 Coggeshall 6 East St 43.95 IT (29) ‘Period 1B commercial building’ behind a wing. Close-studded, jettied. Unjowled TL 850225 corner posts. For hall & parlour block see 1484-97. Ess 1442 -3 Little Hallingbury Romans, 34.92 MB Two-bay hall with large arch-braces [to what?] TL 512173 Wright’s Green Ess 1446 High Laver Mashams 30.117 Sh Open hall with crown post roof and in-line high end bays and low end wing. No roof TL 519091 details. Ess 1419, 1422 - Thaxted The Guildhall, Town 51.139 Oxf Open market hall over cellar and with double-jettied guildhall above. Moulded TL 611309 53, 1430 -62 Street bressumers and curved brackets. Two-centred arched arcade on 1st floor. Crown- posts with longitudinal braces. Trees felled over several years, construction possibly in 1440s. (Supersedes entry in VA24 (1993), 51). Ess 1446 1447 Ashdon Ashdon Street Farm 46.103 Oxf Hall and in-line service ranges, crown posts. (For jettied wing see 1468). TL 570420 Ess 1452 -53 Bentfieldbury Bentfield Bury 33.74 MB Barn. Timber-framed, with raised sills. Aisled. ‘Shores’ [braces?] rise from wall posts SO 818252 to cross the aisle ties and join the arcade posts just below their jowls. Edge-halved scarfs with bridled abutments. Ess 1453 Newport Monks Barn, High 45.117 Oxf Half-Wealden. Date is for 2-bay open hall. Close studding. Open truss has arch- TL 521339 Street braces to tiebeam. Tiebeams in reverse assembly. Purlins have edge-halved & bridled scarf joints. Ess 1454 Coggeshall 5/7 Church St 43.94 IT (30) 3-bay high end wing. Storey-high close studding. Front jettied gable has curved TL 850226 down braces, stopping at studs. Dais recess. Crown-post roof. Ess 1439 -69 Harlow The Monks Barn, 28.141 Sh (31) Aisled. Arched passing-braces from aisle sills across the jowled arcade posts to TL 455094 Netteswellbury tiebeams. Curved arcade braces. Upper roof is tiebeam and collar with clasped purlins. Curved wind braces. ‘...disastrous fire in 1986 ...’ Ess 1458 + Navestock St Thomas the 30.118 Sh Nave aisled: arcade post. For tower also see1365 -91. TQ 540984 Apostle Ess 1458 /9 Pebmarsh Marvels Green 35.98 Oxf 2-bay hall with storeyed service bay and parlour/solar bay. In hall, deep arch-braces TL 851327 Farmhouse to tiebeam, octagonal crown post with moulded capital & 4-way bracing. Ogee display bracing at service end of hall. Ess 1441 -77 Writtle The Lordship Barn 28.142 Sh (32) Barn. Aisled. Brace across aisle from sole plate to arcade post. Curved arcade TL 678068 braces. Arch-braced tiebeam. Crown post with longitudinal braces up to collar purlin. Ess 1461 -65 Nazeing Upper Town Cottage, 45.116 Oxf Moated? H-plan all 1 phase. Jettied and gabled wings. Close-studding to ground TL 415063 Betts Lane floor, wide panel framing above. Mid-rails, curved down-braces. All roofs have side purlins. Ess 1464 -65 Liston Park Farm barn, 48.110 Oxf 5-bay aisled barn. Jowled posts. ‘Shores’ from arcade posts down to ground TL 846452 Liston Lane adjacent to aisle posts. Tree ring dated buildings © VAG 2021

Ess 1468 Ashdon Ashdon Street Farm 46.103 Oxf Jettied wing, crown posts. Oak and elm timbers both successfully dated. (For hall TL 570420 and service ranges see 1447). Ess 1460 -75 Thaxted Guildhall 24.51 MoL (33) Superseded – see - 1430-62. TL 611309 Ess 1456 -1487 Good Easter Falconer’s Hall 27.91 MB Remains of an ‘early’ aisled hall. TL 626123 Ess 1475 -76 Colchester Red Lion Hotel, High 48.109 Oxf Front range (1475 -76) of shops with chambers over. Close studded, jetties to 1st and TL 996252 1460 -92 Street (34) 2nd floors. Down-braces pegged to studs. In E range, a post 1468 -1500. In W range, a post and mid-rail of 1460 -92. Ess 1475-1502 Saffron Walden St Mary’s Church 32.71 MB Re-used timbers in south aisle roof. Also see 1406 -32. Repairs to east end of roof TL 536387 were dated to 1789 /90. Ess 1478 -1480 Tillingham Stows Farmhouse, 44.99 Oxf King post roofs. TL 968035 Vicarage Lane Ess 1488 Coggeshall Coggeshall Abbey 48.96 Notm Abbot’s lodging. Ground-floor ceiling. (Re-used timbers of 1363-88d). Also see 1549. TL 855222 RRS 27/2015 Ess 1489 + Bocking 48 Bradford Street 49.137 MB DM SE corner post in a 2½ storey building with a Georgian front. TL 760239 Ess 1490 + Cressing Temple Barley Barn 21.45 MoL Rafters: also see 1220. TL 799188 Ess 1484 -97 Coggeshall 6 East St 43.95 IT Behind a hall, a 2-bay 2-storey parlour block, but the dated timbers are re-used. (For TL 850225 period 1B commercial building see 1441). Ess 1490 /1 Widdington Priors Hall 33.116 Sh Crown post roof. Building extended to E in 1563 /4 (qv) and to W in 1578 -1613 (qv). TL 537317 CfA 46/2001 Ess 1493/94 Navestock Navestock Hall 47.72 Granary. Wall frame of jowled posts and staves, crown-post roof on cambered TQ 541983 RMNB/31/15 tiebeams. Side-halved scarfs & bridled scarfs. Ess 1497 +0 Cressing Temple Wheat Barn 21.45 MoL Rafters: also see 1280 + TL 799188 Ess 1497 Newport The Old Priory / priory 45.116 Oxf 2 stories, jettied. Oriel window, cruciform chimney. TL 521344 Cottage, Bridge End Ess 1494 -1500 St Osyth 8 Spring Road 36.90 Oxf Guildhall? Joists have early soffit tenons with diminished haunches. TM 123156 Ess 1498 -99 Newport 7 Belmont Hill 45.116 Notm Continuous jetty house. Jowled posts with long curved braces up to tiebeams. TL 522343 Ess 1497 -1501 Saffron Walden 1 Myddylton Place 44.99 Oxf Shop with long jettied range to W. Primary oriel windows. Clasped side purlins, TL 535386 curved windbraces. Ess 1500 /01 Sewards End - St Aylotts 28.142 Sh (35) For Walden Abbey? Moated. Ground floor brick, 1st floor jettied. 8½ bay roof. Queen TL 570399 nr. Saffron Walden AML Rep 26/96 struts from tiebeam to principal, single collar below cranked scissor-braces; 2 tiers tenoned side purlins with curved wind braces. Ess 1488 -1515 Stambourne Moone Hall 31.122 Sh Village. Manorial. Jettied. Three bays plus three-bayed gabled wing. TL 721387 Ess 1487 -1519 Fyfield Church of St Nicholas 37.98 MB Re-used timbers in tower rebuilt 1563-86 (qv). TL 572067 CfA 64/2005 Ess 1492 -1524 Newport The Old Vicarage, 45.117 Oxf Jettied S wing. (For N wing see 1386 -96). TL 521338 High Street Ess 1509 Coggeshall Paycockes 36.81 Sh Long-wall jetty house with richly carved beams. (Roof is a replacement of 1588 qv). TL 847224 Ess 1510 + Cressing Temple Barley Barn 24.50 MoL Modifications: dated timbers inc tiebeams, crown post. TL 799188 Ess 1511 /12 Clacton Cann Hall 30.117 Sh Timber framed. Hall, upper end wing, in-line services. No roof details. TM 166167 AML 25/98 Ess 1513 Beeleigh Abbey 33.116 Sh 10 coupled rafter trusses with straight braces over frater. Also see 1511 -39 and TL 840077 1624. Ess 1500 -32 St Osyth St Clere’s Hall 36.90 Oxf Brace to arcade plate interpreted as alteration to older house. TM 126148 Ess 1518 + Moreton Church of St Mary the 34.92 MB Crown post apparently an addition (for strengthening) to a coupled rafter roof with TL 538071 Virgin collars and soulaces, plausibly of 1510 -38 (qv), over a nave apparently of c.1200 - 1250. Ess 1521 1522 Clavering Brices Farm Barn 28.140 Sh Incorporates earlier elements. No roof details. TL 454339 Ess 1510 -38 Moreton Church of St Mary the 34.92 MB Chancel roof: coupled rafters, collars attached with bare-faced dovetails. Soulaces TL 538071 Virgin have lap-joints to collars and rafters. For the nave see 1518 after. Tree ring dated buildings © VAG 2021

Ess 1511 -39 Maldon Beeleigh Abbey 33.116 Sh Dorter, stone, 13thC, but roof 1511-39. Rafter couples with curving braces over TL 840077 dorter, Also see 1513. Ess 1525 + Magdalen Laver St Mary Magdalen 30.118 Sh Also 1534 -35. Belfry: no carpentry details. TL 513084 Church AML 23/98 Ess 1507 -42 Prittlewell Prittlewell Priory 38.114 DCL North gable roof. Also see 1396 -43 and 1407 -33. TQ 876873 Ess 1527 Wakes Colne Normandy Hall, 34.102 IT Detached kitchen? Stands behind Normandy Hall (1368 qv). 2-bay, single storey, TL 886303 Lane Road smoke-blackened roof. Ess 1527 -28 Great Easton The Bell (former PH) 32.71 MB Only the hall range could be dated. TL 610255 Ess 1520 -41 Strethall Church of St Mary the 36.74 MB Nave roof, formerly considered a century older. Arch-braced cambered tiebeams. TL 485398 Virgin CfA 60/2004 Ess 1511 -56 Navestock St Thomas the 30.118 Sh West wall of bell tower first built 1365 -91 (qv). Also see 1458 after. TQ 540984 Apostle Ess 1536 + Harwich The Three Cups, 49.137 MB DM P.H. Jetty, moulded spine beam. Collared coupled rafters. TM 260326 Church St. Ess 1524-50 Theydon Mount Hill Hall 34.92 MB Doorway lintel in house otherwise dated 1564 -1580 (qv). TQ 488995 CfA 90/2002 Ess 1537 /8 Abbess Roding Rookwood Hall 24.50 MoL Barn. Twin porches octagonal king posts. TL 562111 Ess 1538, 1539, Great Dunmow Minchins Farmhouse, 44.99 Oxf Hall roof has clasped purlins, wind braces, edge-halved scarf joints. (For W wing see TL 614208 1539/40 Pharisee Green (36) 1543 -44). Ess 1522 -1558? Steeple Moyns Park 31.121 Sh Brick & timber-framed. Numerous dates obtained for a c. mid-16thC house, followed TL 694406 Bumpstead by a half-H plan house of 1591-93. Ess 1533 -55 Earls Colne Parley Beams 34.91 MB Felling date range of timbers in west wing. A date-range of 1613 -38 for the jetty on TL 838291 Farmhouse this wing may be result of post-fire reconstruction. Ess 1543 /44 Great Dunmow Minchins Farmhouse, 44.99 Oxf W wing roof has clasped purlins, wind braces. (For hall roof see 1543 -44). TL 614208 Pharisee Green Ess 1538 -52 Great Leighs Lawns Farmhouse 35.98 Oxf West (lodging) range. Also see 1625 -57. TL 740138 Ess 1545 -46 Coggeshall 14 & 16 Church St 43.95 IT Long-wall front jetty building with clasped-purlin roof. (A purlin of 1588/9d dates the TL 850226 insertion of a dormer window). Ess 1546 Sible Hedingham Swan Inn, Swan 48.111 Oxf N wing service wing and probable shop. Narrow studding. (For S wing see1425 /26, TL 782336 Street and for hall replacement range see 1547 -79). Ess 1546 /47 Raybourne Cottage, 46.104 Oxf Jettied crosswing with hipped and gabled ends. Wall carpentry includes thin plank TQ 671907 1547 Rectory Road studs morticed but not pegged to plates (SE-style). Collar-rafter roof. Ess 1530 -65 Thaxted Parish Church 21.45 MoL Principal rafters in aisle roof. TL 611310 Ess 1549 Coggeshall Coggeshall Abbey 48.96 Notm Abbot’s lodging. Tiebeam and collar trusses, single tier of purlins, windbraces. (Also TL 855222 RRS 27/2015 re-used timbers 1487 -1512). (For ground-floor ceiling timbers see 1488). Ess 1527 -71 Little Totham All Saints Church 28.140 Sh Belfry. TL 884104 Ess 1527 -72 Abbess Roding Rookwood Hall 24.50 MoL Maltings. No roof details. TL 562111 Ess 1553 -4 Coggeshall 55 -63 Stoneham St 44.98 Oxf Long front jetty. TL 849228 1554 -5 Ess 1562 Thaxted Church of St John the 36.74 MB Rebuilding of one ½-bay of chancel roof of 1413 -36 (qv). TL 610310 Baptist CfA 35/2005 Ess 1547 -79 Sible Hedingham Swan Inn, Swan 48.111 Oxf Hall replacement range – jettied, oriel windows with frieze lights, wide cross TL 782336 Street passage, clasped purlin roof. (For S wing see1425 /26, and for N wing see 1546). Ess 1563 /4 Widdington Priors Hall 33.116 Sh E extension to building of 1490 /1 (qv). Also see 1578 -1613. TL 537317 Ess 1547 -1583 Gosfield Hall 28.135 MB West and north ranges ... ‘roofs exhibit many interesting features’ [but they are not TL 778297 described] Ess 1551 -83 Newport Tudor House, Bridge 45.117 Oxf Date-range is for SW corner post. Timber-framed, jettied front, solar wing. TL 521346 End Ess 1552-88 Coggeshall 10 East St 43.95 IT (37) Joist in floor inserted into rebuilt hall. (For rebuilt low end wing see 1386-7). TL 850225 Tree ring dated buildings © VAG 2021

Ess 1564 -1580 Theydon Mount Hill Hall 31.85 MB Date is for NW wing. ‘Unusual curved principal rafters, rare in this region’. Also see TQ 488995 AML 55/99 1683-1701. Ess 1575 + Cressing Temple Granary 16.41 Fl TL 799188 Ess 1563 -86 Fyfield Church of St Nicholas 37.98 MB Tower rebuilt. TL 572067 CfA 64/2005 Ess 1572 -94 Wimbish Broadoaks Manor 34.110 Oxf Middle and west ranges. TL 590335 Ess 1588 Coggeshall Paycockes 36.81 Sh Replacement roof on house first built of timber felled 1509 (qv). Clasped purlins. TL 847224 Ess 1595 /96 High Laver Fenners Farmhouse 48.110 Oxf 2 storeys + attic. Clasped purlin roof with thin curved wind-braces. (All samples ex- TL 510090 Tilegate Road situ). Ess 1578 -1613 Widdington Prior’s Hall 33.116 Sh W extension to building of 1490 /1 (qv). Also see 1563 /4. TL 537317 Ess 1580 -1614 Stambourne St Peter’s Church 31.121 Sh Bellframe supports. TL 722388 Ess 1595 -1600 Cressing Hungry Hall 28.141 Sh Original function unclear. In primary phase, a tiebeam and ogee braces. No roof TL 803181 details. Also see 1630 -1675. Ess 1599 Coggeshall 23 East St 43.96 IT (38) 4½ bays, originally jettied. Close studding, jowled posts. Clasped purlin roof with TL 851225 wind braces. Ess 1603 /4 Cressing Temple Cressing Farmhouse 28.141 Sh No roof details. TL 799187 Ess 1605 /6 Manuden Battles Hall, 37.119 Oxf Moated. Box-framed. Hipped roof. Common rafters are tenoned into side purlins [as TL 476277 1606 /7 Maggotts End at Harlaston Manor, Staffs]. Ess 1608/9 Coggeshall ‘Spooners’, 30 Church 43.95 IT (39) For rear extension see 1608/9. Rear parlour / solar extension: Roof has wind-braced TL 851226 St side purlins, (For front range see 1353-86). Ess 1614 /15 Sheepcotes Farm 44.99 Oxf (40) Large timber-framed house of 4 bays + chimney bay, & with lobby entry. 2 storeys + TL 959007 attic. Dropped tiebeams, ‘sling braces clasped by’ the ends of stub tiebeams, collars. Ess 1618/19 Coggeshall 8 East St 43.95 IT (41) 2½ bay heated jettied rear wing. In wall-plates, edge-halved and bridled scarf joints. TL 850225 Roof may not be primary. Ess 1622 /3 Cressing Temple Cressing Granary 28.141 Sh Felling date corresponds to date on carved plank. TL 799186 Ess 1624 Burnham-on- Pinner’s Farmhouse 51.139 Oxf 4 bays, 1½ storeys. Corner post, ‘needle beam’. TQ 937972 Crouch (42) Ess 1624 Maldon Beeleigh Abbey 33.116 Sh ‘Timber-framed extension’ on site of lost reredorter. Also see 1513 and 1511 -39. TL 840077 Ess 1633 -4 Cressing New House Farm 28.141 Sh Clasped purlins. TL 800196 Ess 1636 Coggeshall 16 East St 43.96 IT (43) Originally part of an H-plan house with Nos. 14 & 18. Single bay jettied replacement TL850225 of former hall. Evidence of 6 light transom window + frieze lights. 2 tiers of tenoned side purlins. (For parlour wing see 18 East St, 1361-93: for low end wing see 14 East St, 1435). Ess 1638 Cressing Timbers Barn 37.100 2 bays. Jowled posts, straight braces. TL 773204 1638 /9 CRTB/36/05 Ess 1625 -57 Great Leighs Lawns Farmhouse 35.98 Oxf (44) Single timber from S range. Also see1538 -52. TL 740138 Ess 1630 -75 Cressing Hungry Hall 28.141 Sh Rebuild of building of 1595 -1600 (qv). No roof details. TL 803181 Ess 1683 -1701 Theydon Mount Hill Hall 34.92 MB Curiously late date for principal rafter in roof previously dated 1564 -1580. Now also TQ 488995 see 1524-50. Ess 1721 + Ramsden Cray St Mary the Virgin 28.142 Sh Replacement timber in a bellframe. TL 708934 Ess 1744 /5 Dedham Assembly Rooms 30.117 Sh No roof details. TM 055330 Ess 1745 -50 Cressing Ashes Farm 36.81 Sh Barley barn: ‘well preserved examples of post-medieval carpentry’. For wheat barn TL 790212 see 1779. Ess 1748 /9? Cressing New House Farm 28.141 Sh Barn. No roof details. TL 800196 Ess 1737 -75 Cressing Temble Barley Barn 24.50 MoL Late repairs. TL 799188 Ess 1748 /9 Cressing The Old Dairy 37.99 Earliest and latest of 5 dates from 2-bay 1½ storey building. Unjowled posts, large TL 773204 1759 /60 CRTB/36/05 arch-braces. Ess 1779 Cressing Ashes Farm 36.81 Sh Wheat barn: ‘well preserved examples of post-medieval carpentry’. For barley barn TL 790212 see 1745 -50. Tree ring dated buildings © VAG 2021

Ess 1792 -1824 Harwich Crane & wheelhouse 31.85 MB A post in the wheelhouse dated to 1738-69. TM 262325 AML 2/2000 Ess 1813 Thaxted Parish Church 21.45 MoL Rafters. TL 611310 Ess 1909 + Mountnessing St Giles Church 28.142 Sh Replacement timber in a bellframe. TQ 648966

Acknowledgements to John Walker and Dr Nat Alcock for information supplied.

REFERENCES

1 C A Hewett, English historic carpentry (1980), 23; The Essex countryside: historic barns – a planning appraisal (Essex CC 1979), 7. 2 J Geddes, Medieval decorative ironwork in England Soc Antiq of London Res Rep 59 (1999) ...; C A Hewett English historic carpentry (London and Chichester, Phillimore,1980), ... 3 C A Hewett English historic carpentry (London and Chichester, Phillimore,1980), 5-13. 4 C Hewett Church carpentry (1982), 79, 88-9 5 J Walker ‘Late twelfth and early thirteenth-century aisled buildings: a comparison’, VA 30 (1999), 37-39. 6 I Tyers ‘Dendrochronology at Cressing Temple and the Essex tree-ring curve’ in D Andrews (ed) Cressing Temple. A Templar and Hospitaller Manor in Essex (0000) 7 J Walker ‘Late twelfth and early thirteenth-century aisled buildings: a comparison’, VA 30 (1999), 46-49. 8 D Stenning, ‘The Cressing barns and the early development of barns in south-east England’, in D D Andrews (ed.) Cressing Temple. A Templar and Hospitaller Manor in Essex (1993), 51-75. 9 C A Hewett English historic carpentry (1980), 23-24. 10 J McCann & D Scott ‘Tollesbury Hall, Tollesbury, a thirteenth-century manor house’, Essex Archaeol & Hist 18 (1987), 53-62. 11 C A Hewett ‘The barns at Cressing Temple, Essex’, Journal Soc. Archit. Historians (USA) March 1967 26, no. 1 cited in HewettEnglish Historic Carpentry(1980), 100-105. 12 D F Stenning, D D Andrews and I Tyers ‘Small aisled halls in Essex’, VA 34 (2003), 11. 13 D F Stenning, D D Andrews and I Tyers ‘Small aisled halls in Essex’, VA 34 (2003), 12. 14 D F Stenning, D D Andrews and I Tyers ‘Small aisled halls in Essex’, VA 34 (2003), 6-7. 15 C A Hewett English historic carpentry (1980), 134. 16 D F Stenning, D D Andrews and I Tyers ‘Small aisled halls in Essex’, VA 34 (2003), 13-14. 17 D Andrews (ed) Discoivering Coggeshall 2 (2013), 104-107. 18 D F Stenning, D D Andrews and I Tyers ‘Small aisled halls in Essex’, VA 34 (2003), 16. 19 D Andrews (ed) Discovering Coggeshall 2 (2013), 158-166. 20 D Andrews Discovering Coggeshall 2 (2013), 151-2. 21 D Andrews Discovering Coggeshall 2 (2013), 194-5. 22 J Walker ‘Late twelfth and early thirteenth-century aisled buildings: a comparison’, VA 30 (1999), 37-39. 23 D Andrews (ed) Discovering Coggeshall 2 (2013), 109-113. 24 D Andrews (ed) Discovering Coggeshall 2 (2013), 221-226. 25 D Andrews (ed) Discovering Coggeshall 2 (2012), 184. 26 D Andrews (ed) Discovering Coggeshall 2 (2013), 158-166. 27 D Andrews (ed) Discovering Coggeshall 2 (2013), 217-20. 28 D Andrews (ed) Discovering Coggeshall 2 (2013), 207-9. 29 D Andrews (ed) Discovering Coggeshall 2 (2013), 120-137. 30 D Andrews (ed) Discovering Coggeshall 2 (2013),87-95. 31 C A Hewett The development of carpentry 1200-1700: an Essex study (David and Charles, 1969), 107, 116, 118, 180, 181, 185. 32 C A Hewett The development of carpentry 1200-1700: an Essex study (David and Charles, 1969), 123-5. 33 VAG Spring meeting programme 1984, 101-105. 34 D. Stenning ‘The Red Lion Inn, Colchester’ Essex Archaeol. & Hist. 25 (1994), 134 -59. 35 C. A. Hewett, English Historic Carpentry (1980), 218. 36 J L Glasscock ,Minchins in Dunmow’ Essex Review 28 (1919), 106. 37 D Andrews Discovering Coggeshall 2 (2013), 151-2. 38 D Andrews Discovering Coggeshall 2 (2013), 199-200. 39 D Andrews (ed) Discoivering Coggeshall 2 (2013), 104-107. 40 D. Stenning ‘East Anglian roofs ...’ in J. Walker (ed) The English medieval roof: crown post to king post (2011), 46. Tree ring dated buildings © VAG 2021

41 D Andrews (ed) Discovering Coggeshall 2 (2013), 139-149. 42 T. Howson ‘A cottage with anchor beams …’, Essex Historic Buildings Group n.l. 8 (2011), 3-7. 43 D Andrews (ed) Discovering Coggeshall 2 (2013), 158-166. 44 VAG Essex Spring conference programme (2003) ...