Ecosistema, Flora, Fauna, Especies, Diversidad, Abundancia, Componente
Total Page:16
File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb
Load more
Recommended publications
-
Contrasting Patterns of Andean Diversification Among Three Diverse Clades of Neotropical Clearwing Butterflies
Contrasting patterns of Andean diversification among three diverse clades of Neotropical clearwing butterflies The Harvard community has made this article openly available. Please share how this access benefits you. Your story matters Citation Chazot, Nicolas, Donna Lisa De#Silva, Keith R. Willmott, André V. L. Freitas, Gerardo Lamas, James Mallet, Carlos E. Giraldo, Sandra Uribe, and Marianne Elias. 2018. “Contrasting patterns of Andean diversification among three diverse clades of Neotropical clearwing butterflies.” Ecology and Evolution 8 (8): 3965-3982. doi:10.1002/ ece3.3622. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ece3.3622. Published Version doi:10.1002/ece3.3622 Citable link http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:37160427 Terms of Use This article was downloaded from Harvard University’s DASH repository, and is made available under the terms and conditions applicable to Other Posted Material, as set forth at http:// nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:dash.current.terms-of- use#LAA Received: 12 April 2017 | Revised: 31 August 2017 | Accepted: 11 October 2017 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.3622 ORIGINAL RESEARCH Contrasting patterns of Andean diversification among three diverse clades of Neotropical clearwing butterflies Nicolas Chazot1,2,* | Donna Lisa De-Silva2,* | Keith R. Willmott3 | André V. L. Freitas4 | Gerardo Lamas5 | James Mallet6 | Carlos E. Giraldo7 | Sandra Uribe8 | Marianne Elias2 1Department of Biology, Lunds Universitet, Lund, Sweden 2Institut de Systématique, Évolution, Biodiversité, ISYEB-UMR 7205–CNRS MNHN UPMC EPHE, Muséum national -
Signal Quality, Strategy and Relative Importance (Ithomiini Spp.)
UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA Los Angeles Sensory Ecology of Ithomiine Butterflies: signal quality, strategy and relative importance (Ithomiini spp.) A dissertation submitted in partial satisfaction of the Requirements for the degree Doctor of Philosophy in Biology by Adrea Gonzalez-Karlsson 2016 © Copyright by Adrea Gonzalez-Karlsson 2016 ABSTRACT OF THE DISSERTATION Sensory Ecology of Ithomiine Butterflies: signal quality, strategy and relative importance (Ithomiini spp.) by Adrea Gonzalez-Karlsson Doctor of Philosophy in Biology University of California, Los Angeles, 2016 Professor Gregory F. Grether, Chair Ithomiine butterflies form large multispecies aggregations, the formation of which is mediated by pheromones. In ithomiiine butterflies, males require secondary plant metabolites to produce pheromones but those same compounds reduce longevity. Males transfer pyrrolizidine alkaloids (PAs), exogenous plant compounds, to females during copulation. Male Greta morgane butterflies that feed longer on alkaloid-containing plants are preferred by females. Both male Mechanitis polymnia and Greta morgane butterflies fed a diet containing PAs had a shorter lifespan than males fed a diet without PAs indicating a trade-off between survival and reproduction. Despite the importance of chemical cues to mate choice, within multispecies aggregations, ithomines use visual cues initially in conspecific discrimination. However, ithomiines do rely more heavily on chemical cues in discriminating between conspecifics and heterospecific co-mimics. Although chemical cues are important in discriminating between highly visually similar mimics, not all ithomiines are equally faithful mimics. Large, aposematic species of ithomiines are less mimetically faithful while small, cryptic species are highly mimetically faithful. ii The dissertation of Adrea Gonzalez-Karlsson is approved. David B. Green Richard Kent Zimmer Peter Nicholas Nonacs Gregory F. -
Lepidópteros, Estado De Conservación, Indicador Ambiental, Diversidad
vi vii UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL DE SAN MARTÍN – TARAPOTO FACULTAD DE ECOLOGIA ESCUELA PROFESIONAL DE INGENIERIA AMBIENTAL “Riqueza y abundancia de lepidópteros como indicadores del estado de conservación del bosque, en el centro de producción e investigación Pabloyacu de la Provincia de Moyobamba - 2017” Tesis para optar el título profesional de INGENIERO AMBIENTAL AUTOR: Bach. Kelita Quispe Guerrero ASESOR: Blgo. M.Sc. Luis Eduardo Rodríguez Pérez. Código N°: 6050717 Tarapoto –Perú 2018 viii ix x xi vi DEDICATORIA A Dios En primer lugar y con infinita gratitud, a nuestro señor todo poderoso, por darme la vida y el deseo de superación. A mi Madre: Rosa Guerrero Jiménez, por su amor, su dedicación, su ayuda incondicional para hacer mis sueños realidad. Por ser mi ejemplo a seguir, por formar parte de mi vida y ser mi compañera de ruta. A mi padre: Enrique Quispe Hernández por su perseverancia, su fuerza y apoyo que me brinda con amor para seguir adelante y crecer como persona Kelita vii AGRADECIMIENTO A mis padres y hermanos, por el apoyo incondicional brindado, por haber contribuido en mi formación profesional, por su comprensión y por compartir mis sueños; sin la ayuda de ellos no hubiera sido posible. A los docentes de la Facultad de Ecología, por los conocimientos impartidos en las aulas y que día a día nos forman para afrontar los grandes retos de la vida profesional. Al Blgo M Sc. Luis Eduardo Rodríguez Pérez, por ser gran maestro, por brindarme su dedicación, orientación y profesionalismo, para desarrollar el presente Proyecto de investigación en todas las etapas propuestas, con el éxito deseado por su asesoramiento y aporte en el presente Trabajo de Investigación. -
UCLA Electronic Theses and Dissertations
UCLA UCLA Electronic Theses and Dissertations Title Sensory Ecology of Ithomiine Butterflies: signal quality, strategy and relative importance (Ithomiini spp.) Permalink https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7110x1d7 Author Gonzalez-Karlsson, Adrea Susan Publication Date 2016 Peer reviewed|Thesis/dissertation eScholarship.org Powered by the California Digital Library University of California UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA Los Angeles Sensory Ecology of Ithomiine Butterflies: signal quality, strategy and relative importance (Ithomiini spp.) A dissertation submitted in partial satisfaction of the Requirements for the degree Doctor of Philosophy in Biology by Adrea Gonzalez-Karlsson 2016 © Copyright by Adrea Gonzalez-Karlsson 2016 ABSTRACT OF THE DISSERTATION Sensory Ecology of Ithomiine Butterflies: signal quality, strategy and relative importance (Ithomiini spp.) by Adrea Gonzalez-Karlsson Doctor of Philosophy in Biology University of California, Los Angeles, 2016 Professor Gregory F. Grether, Chair Ithomiine butterflies form large multispecies aggregations, the formation of which is mediated by pheromones. In ithomiiine butterflies, males require secondary plant metabolites to produce pheromones but those same compounds reduce longevity. Males transfer pyrrolizidine alkaloids (PAs), exogenous plant compounds, to females during copulation. Male Greta morgane butterflies that feed longer on alkaloid-containing plants are preferred by females. Both male Mechanitis polymnia and Greta morgane butterflies fed a diet containing PAs had a shorter lifespan than males fed a diet without PAs indicating a trade-off between survival and reproduction. Despite the importance of chemical cues to mate choice, within multispecies aggregations, ithomines use visual cues initially in conspecific discrimination. However, ithomiines do rely more heavily on chemical cues in discriminating between conspecifics and heterospecific co-mimics. -
Butterflies of the Golfo Dulce Region Costa Rica
Butterflies of the Golfo Dulce Region Costa Rica Corcovado National Park Piedras Blancas National Park ‚Regenwald der Österreicher‘ Authors Lisa Maurer Veronika Pemmer Harald Krenn Martin Wiemers Department of Evolutionary Biology Department of Animal Biodiversity University of Vienna University of Vienna Althanstraße 14, 1090 Vienna, Austria Rennweg 14, 1030, Vienna, Austria [email protected] [email protected] Roland Albert Werner Huber Anton Weissenhofer Department of Chemical Ecology Department of Structural and Department of Structural and and Ecosystem Research Functional Botany Functional Botany University of Vienna University of Vienna University of Vienna Rennweg 14, 1030, Vienna, Austria Rennweg 14, 1030, Vienna, Austria Rennweg 14, 1030, Vienna, Austria [email protected] [email protected] [email protected] Contents The ‘Tropical Research Station La Gamba’ 4 The rainforests of the Golfo Dulce region 6 Butterflies of the Golfo Dulce Region, Costa Rica 8 Papilionidae - Swallowtail Butterflies 13 Pieridae - Sulphures and Whites 17 Nymphalidae - Brush Footed Butterflies 21 Subfamily Danainae 22 Subfamily Ithomiinae 24 Subfamily Charaxinae 26 Subfamily Satyrinae 27 Subfamily Cyrestinae 33 Subfamily Biblidinae 34 Subfamily Nymphalinae 35 Subfamily Apaturinae 39 Subfamily Heliconiinae 40 Riodinidae - Metalmarks 47 Lycaenidae - Blues 53 Hesperiidae - Skippers 57 Appendix- Checklist of species 61 Acknowledgements 74 References 74 Picture credits 75 Index 78 3 The ‘Tropical Research Station La Gamba’ Roland Albert Secretary General of the ‘Society for the Preservation of the Tropical Research Station La Gamba’ Department of Chemical Ecology and Ecosystem Research, University of Vienna The main building of the Tropical Research Station In 1991, Michael Schnitzler, a distinguished also provided ideal conditions for promoting musician and former professor at the Univer- Austrian research and teaching programmes in sity of Music and Performing Arts in Vienna, rainforests. -
Contrasting Patterns of Andean Diversification Among Three Diverse Clades of Neotropical Clearwing Butterflies
UNIVERSIDADE ESTADUAL DE CAMPINAS SISTEMA DE BIBLIOTECAS DA UNICAMP REPOSITÓRIO DA PRODUÇÃO CIENTIFICA E INTELECTUAL DA UNICAMP Versão do arquivo anexado / Version of attached file: Versão do Editor / Published Version Mais informações no site da editora / Further information on publisher's website: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002/ece3.3622 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.3622 Direitos autorais / Publisher's copyright statement: ©2018 by John Wiley & Sons. All rights reserved. DIRETORIA DE TRATAMENTO DA INFORMAÇÃO Cidade Universitária Zeferino Vaz Barão Geraldo CEP 13083-970 – Campinas SP Fone: (19) 3521-6493 http://www.repositorio.unicamp.br Received: 12 April 2017 | Revised: 31 August 2017 | Accepted: 11 October 2017 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.3622 ORIGINAL RESEARCH Contrasting patterns of Andean diversification among three diverse clades of Neotropical clearwing butterflies Nicolas Chazot1,2,* | Donna Lisa De-Silva2,* | Keith R. Willmott3 | André V. L. Freitas4 | Gerardo Lamas5 | James Mallet6 | Carlos E. Giraldo7 | Sandra Uribe8 | Marianne Elias2 1Department of Biology, Lunds Universitet, Lund, Sweden 2Institut de Systématique, Évolution, Biodiversité, ISYEB-UMR 7205–CNRS MNHN UPMC EPHE, Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, Sorbonne Universités, Paris, France 3McGuire Center for Lepidoptera and Biodiversity, Florida Museum of Natural History, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA 4Departamento de Biologia Animal and Museu de Zoologia, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil 5Museo de Historia Natural, Universidad Nacional de San Marcos, Lima, Peru 6Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA 7Grupo de Investigación de Sanidad Vegetal, Universidad Católica de Oriente, Rionegro, Colombia 8Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Sede Medellín, Medellín, Colombia Correspondence Nicolas Chazot, Department of Biology, Lunds Abstract Universitet, Lund, Sweden. -
Korthalsella: Viscaceae)
Copyright is owned by the Author of the thesis. Permission is given for a copy to be downloaded by an individual for the purpose of research and private study only. The thesis may not be reproduced elsewhere without the permission of the Author. Systematics, Biology and Ecology of New Zealand’s Pygmy Mistletoes (Korthalsella: Viscaceae) A thesis presented in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Ecology at Massey University, Manawatu, New Zealand Amir Sultan 2014 ii Abstract New Zealand’s pygmy mistletoes belong to the genus Korthalsella Tieghem, which comprises about 30 species ranging from Malesia to Hawaii, the Marquesas and Henderson Islands in the east, Japan in the north, Australia, New Zealand in the south, and Ethiopia and Madagascar to the west. Mainland Australia, Hawaii, Malesia and Madagascar all have high levels of species richness. This thesis shows that Korthalsella has high levels of regional endemism and has widespread parallelism and supports the biogeographic model of speciation, whereas, the traditional sections based on morphology are not supported. Korthalsella is represented in New Zealand by a monophyletic clade of three species K. clavata (Kirk) Cheeseman, K. lindsayi (Oliver ex J. D. Hooker) Engl., and K. salicornioides (A. Cunningham) Tiegh. Korthalsella clavata and K. lindsayi are both generalists with relatively broad host ranges whereas K. salicornioides is a specialist species with most host records from two myrtaceous genera Kunzea Rchb. (kanuka) and Leptospermum J. R. Forst & G. Forst (manuka). Cross-infection experiments in Korthalsella salicornioides indicate the presence of putative Kunzea- and Leptospermum-specific races with better success rates of seedling survival when maternal and recipient hosts were the same. -
Butterfly Diversity of the Piedras Blancas National Park and Its Vicinity
ZOBODAT - www.zobodat.at Zoologisch-Botanische Datenbank/Zoological-Botanical Database Digitale Literatur/Digital Literature Zeitschrift/Journal: Stapfia Jahr/Year: 2008 Band/Volume: 0088 Autor(en)/Author(s): Wiemers Martin, Fiedler Konrad Artikel/Article: Butterfly diversity of the Piedras Blancas National Park and its vicinity - a preliminary assessment (Lepidoptera: Papilionoidea & Hesperioidea) 277-294 © Biologiezentrum Linz/Austria; download unter www.biologiezentrum.at Butterfly diversity of the Piedras Blancas National Park and its vicinity–apreliminary assessment (Lepidoptera: Papilionoidea & Hesperioidea) Diversidad de mariposas del Parque Nacional Piedras Blancas y zonas cercanas – una evaluación preliminar (Lepidoptera: Papilionoidea & Hesperioidea) M artin W IEMERS &Konrad F IEDLER Abstract: Two short-term surveys were carried out in 2006 and 2007 to study butterfly diversity in different habitats around the Tropical Field Station La Gamba, adjacent to Piedras Blancas National Park. Three different land use types were examined: cul- tivated land (oil palm plantations, pastures, garden and roadside verges), secondary forest (regeneration forest and gallery wood- land), and primary forest (near-natural ridge and riverine forest). As expected, species richness was lowest in habitats with inten- sive land use. Forests are more species-rich than habitats more affected by human interventions, but secondary forests are surpris- ingly similar in butterfly species composition to cultivated land, due to the dominance of some widespread and abundant species of the open countryside. Butterfly assemblages of primary forests are significantly different from, and more heterogeneous than, those of disturbed habitats. Differences in butterfly community composition appear to be due mainly to larval host plant affilia- tions and are less strongly governed by bionomic traits related to adult resource use. -
Supplementary Documentation
Species identifier barcode CoI-CoII EF1α Locality reference Aeria eurimedia negricola 20206 EU069022 EU069022 EU069114 Ecuador: Orellana, Rio Anangu this study Aeria eurimedia negricola 20319 EU068764 Ecuador: Orellana, Rio Anangu this study Aeria eurimedia negricola 20334 EU068765 Ecuador: Orellana, Rio Anangu this study Aeria eurimedia negricola 20636 EU068766 Ecuador: Orellana, Rio Anangu this study Aeria eurimedia negricola LS02-242 EU068976 EU068976 EU069115 Ecuador: Orellana, Sani Isla this study Aeria eurimedia negricola LS07-298 EU069023 EU069023 EU069116 Ecuador: Sucumbios, Garza Cocha this study Aeria eurimedia ssp 3-14 EU068763 Brazil: Mato Grosso, Alta Floresta this study Aeria eurimedia sisenna E-24-2 DQ157474 Ecuador: Esmeraldas, Finca Duran Brower et al. (2006) Aeria eurimedia sisenna E-26-2 DQ157475 Ecuador: Esmeraldas, Esmeraldas Brower et al. (2006) Athesis clearista ssp C-24-1 DQ157476 DQ157476 DQ177923 Colombia: Antioqui, Venecia Brower et al. (2006) Athyrtis mechanitis salvini RB359 DQ069230 DQ069230 DQ073022 Brazil: Rondonia, Ariquemes Whinnett et al. (2005a), Brower et al. (2006) Brevioleria aelia pachiteae 5-561 EU069024 EU069024 EU069117 Peru: San Martín, Quebrada Huacanqui this study Brevioleria aelia ssp 5-650 EU068767 Peru: San Martín, Robashca this study Brevioleria arzalia ssp E-44-4 DQ157477 DQ157477 DQ177924 Ecuador: Sucumbios, El Recodo Brower et al. (2006) Brevioleria arzalia ssp 20212 EU068768 Ecuador: Orellana, Rio Anangu this study Brevioleria arzalia ssp 20259 EU068769 Ecuador: Orellana, Rio Anangu -
Contrasting Patterns of Andean Diversification Among Three Diverse Clades of Neotropical Clearwing Butterflies
Contrasting patterns of Andean diversification among three diverse clades of Neotropical clearwing butterflies Nicolas Chazot, Donna Lisa De-Silva, Keith Willmott, André V.L. Freitas, Gerardo Lamas, James Mallet, Carlos E. Giraldo, Sandra Uribe, Marianne Elias To cite this version: Nicolas Chazot, Donna Lisa De-Silva, Keith Willmott, André V.L. Freitas, Gerardo Lamas, et al.. Con- trasting patterns of Andean diversification among three diverse clades of Neotropical clearwing but- terflies. Ecology and Evolution, Wiley Open Access, 2018, 8 (8), pp.3965-3982. 10.1002/ece3.3622. hal-01791909 HAL Id: hal-01791909 https://hal.sorbonne-universite.fr/hal-01791909 Submitted on 15 May 2018 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. Distributed under a Creative Commons Attribution| 4.0 International License Received: 12 April 2017 | Revised: 31 August 2017 | Accepted: 11 October 2017 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.3622 ORIGINAL RESEARCH Contrasting patterns of Andean diversification among three diverse clades of Neotropical clearwing butterflies Nicolas Chazot1,2,* -
Phylogenetic Utility of Tektin, a Novel Region for Inferring Systematic Relationships Among Lepidoptera
SYSTEMATICS Phylogenetic Utility of Tektin, a Novel Region for Inferring Systematic Relationships Among Lepidoptera ALAINE WHINNETT,1,2 ANDREW V. Z. BROWER,3 MING-MIN LEE,3 KEITH R. WILLMOTT,2 1 AND JAMES MALLET Ann. Entomol. Soc. Am. 98(6): 873Ð886 (2005) ABSTRACT Rapidly evolving nuclear coding sequences are highly desirable for phylogenetic studies of closely related species. Here, we investigated an 807-bp region, homologous to the testis- speciÞc Tektin gene from Bombyx mori (L.), in 34 nymphalid butterßy taxa in the subfamilies Ithomiinae, Danainae, and Heliconiinae. Within Ithomiinae, relationships inferred from Tektin se- quence data were remarkably similar to those in trees based on combined morphological and ecological data. Partitioned Bremer analysis, with mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase I and II, and nuclear wingless and elongation factor 1-␣ sequences, revealed Tektin to have the greatest utility for inferring relationships at the genus, tribe, and subfamily levels across the studied taxa. We think Tektin will provide a useful source of molecular characters for inference of relationships among other butterßies, and perhaps among other insect taxa. KEY WORDS Ithomiinae, Lepidoptera, molecular phylogenetics, Tektin SINCE THE LATE 1980S, molecular sequence data have parison with nuclear regions (Harrison 1989). How- played a growing role in phylogenetic analyses. In ever, evidence is mounting that phylogenetic insects, relatively few loci have contributed to this inferences from mitochondrial sequences alone may effort, among them 18S and 28S rDNA, elongation be confounded by selection (Hudson and Turelli factor 1-␣ (Ef1␣), wingless (wg), and the mitochon- 2003), nuclear copies (Bensasson et al. 2001), and drial genes cytochrome oxidase I and II (COI and cytoplasmic factors, such as the intracellular bacte- COII), 12S, and 16S. -