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AUG/SEPT 2020 TITAN EDITORIAL Editor / Chris Cooper WELCOME... Managing Editor / Martin Eden Associate Editors / Tolly Maggs, Jake Devine A long time ago, my school arranged a class trip to see Art Editor / Andrew Leung Star Wars: The Empire Strikes Back at a swanky movie LUCASFILM theater. Forget museums, zoos, or surveying the insect Senior Editor / Brett Rector Art Director / Troy Alders population of the local park—this was the real deal! The Creative Director / Michael Siglain lights dimmed, the opening crawl rolled toward distant Asset Management / Tim Mapp, stars, and I was on the edge of my seat. Erik Sanchez, Bryce Pinkos, Nicole LaCoursiere, Sarah Williams, Then, calamitously—during the Empire’s assault on Shahana Alam Hoth just as the Millennium Falcon’s engines failed to fire Story Group / Pablo Hidalgo, up—the screen flared and went blank! The girl sat beside Leland Chee, Matt Martin me turned and whispered, “What happened?” Heroically CONTRIBUTORS I overcame my irrational fear of talking to an actual girl Kristin Baver, Tricia Barr, Melissa T. Miller, Mark Newbold, Tony A. Rowe, Jay Stobie, and proceeded to explain (having already seen the movie Calum Waddell, Dan Wallace, Sam Watts, once or possibly several times already) that there was a and Bryan Young. fault in the Falcon’s engines which meant they couldn’t SPECIAL THANKS TO take off, and those stormtroopers were setting up a Grace Downer and Paul Welsh at Elstree deadly laser canon and… Her confused expression stopped Studios, Lucy Goldsmith, Erich Schoeneweiss me in my tracks. “The film snapped,” I gulped, my throat at Random House, Holly McIntosh, Joseph Taraborrelli, Andrea Towers and Jim Nausedas dry and my face glowing red. Thank the Maker it was dark at Marvel Comics, Lizzy Draeger, Tracy in there. Funny how certain events stick with you! Cannobbio and Chris Argyropoulos In this bumper, 100-page issue of Insider, we at Lucasﬁlm. Chris Troise and Eugene Paraszczuk at Disney. celebrate the 40th anniversary of Empire with a visit to Elstree Studios, discover what critics and fans thought TITAN MAGAZINES Production Controller / Caterina Falqui about the movie back in 1980, and how slugs might really Senior Production Controller / Jackie Flook be able to live in space. We also catch up with Admiral Art Director / Oz Browne Piett actor Kenneth Colley, discover what it’s like to be Sales & Circulation Manager / Steve Tothill Publicist / Imogen Harris BB-8 with puppeteers Brian Herring and Dave Chapman, Direct Marketing Assistant / and so much more. Watch out for mynocks, and may the George Wickenden Force be with you. Marketing Manager / Ricky Claydon Publishing Director / Duncan Baizley Operations Director / Leigh Baulch Executive Director / Vivian Cheung Publisher / Nick Landau

DISTRIBUTION US Newsstand / Total Publisher Services, Inc. John Dziewiatkowski 630-851-7683 US Newsstand Distribution / Curtis Circulation Christopher Cooper Company US Bookstore Distribution / The News Group Editor US Direct Sales / Diamond Comic Distributors UK Distribution / Marketforce

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STAR WARS INSIDER AUG/SEPT 2020 (USPS 003-027) (ISSN 1041-5122)

Star Wars Insider is published eight times per year (January, March, April, May/June, July, August/September, Jay Stobie Melissa T. Miller Kristin Baver Mark Newbold Bryan Young Tony A. Rowe October, November/December) by Titan Magazines, @CaptStobie @melissatruth @KristinBaver @Prefect_timing @swankmotron @bagelpriest a division of Titan Publishing Group Limited, 144 Southwark Street, London SE1 0UP. Starship fanatic Scientist and Kristin was a A writer for U.K. Bryan is an author, Star Wars fan and Contents © 2019 Lucasfilm Ltd. & TM. All Rights Reserved, and blogger Jay science writer card-carrying sci-fi magazine journalist, and film- LucasArts veteran Titan Authorized User. TMN14008 writes articles for Melissa visits Star Wars fan Starburst and Star maker. The podcast Tony A. Rowe is PUBLISHER’S U.S. AGENT StarWars.com and Comic-Con every before she had Trek magazine, host also writes for now a university 2819 Rosehall Lane, Aurora, IL 60503. Periodicals Postage Paid at Aurora IL and at additional is searching for a year to purchase reason to own a journalist Mark is a several websites, professor teaching mailing offices. way to reside full new Star Wars wallet. Now she’s proud Honorary including Star- video game design, POSTMASTER time in the Star paraphernalia for an associate editor Friend of the 501st Wars.com, Syfy, production, and Send address changes to Star Wars Insider, Wars galaxy. her pet dog. at StarWars.com. and Rebel Legion. and /Film. its history. PO Box 18479, Anaheim, CA 92817-8479 U.S. subscriptions $49.99 per year; Canada $64.99 and U.K. £31.99. U.S. edition printed by Quad. © 2020 Lucasfilm Ltd. and ™ All Rights Reserved. Email us: Used Under Authorization. CONTACT US [email protected] Star Wars Insider is also available online. Write to us Call us Find us To download, visit: UNITED STATES UNITED KINGDOM To subscribe in the U.S. please WWW WWW.TITANMAGAZINES.COM www.titanmagazines.com/ Star Wars Insider, Star Wars Insider, call toll free on 800-261-6502. digitial Titan Magazines, 144 Southwark For U.K. and all other FACEBOOK.COM/STARWARSINSIDER 2819 Rosehall Street, London destinations please call Lane, Aurora, IL, SE1 0UP, 01778 392085 or @SW_INSIDER Visit www.starwars.com 60503, U.S.A. U.K. +44 (0) 1778 392085 CONTENTS ISSUE 197 / AUGUST-SEPTEMBER 2020

Cover Image: A protoype costume for The Empire Strikes Back’s standout new villain, Boba Fett.

This page: Concept poster art for the movie.

Happy Anniversary! Star Wars Insider celebrates four decades of the sequel that changed the face of cinema. Kenneth Colley (Admiral Piett) remembers his time on set; we discover what the critics thought in 1980; and profile heroic scoundrel Lando Calrissian.

4 / STAR WARS INSIDER NEWSSTAND COMIC STORE SUBSCRIBER EDITION EXCLUSIVE EXCLUSIVE Subscribe to Star Wars Insider Page 84

06 42 66 Launchpad Variations on a Theme Age of Empire The latest Star Wars news from Examining the iconic themes of Time travel to 1980 to find out what the every sector of the galaxy. John Williams’ Star Wars scores. critics made of The Empire Strikes Back. 18 50 72 Kenneth Colley Interview Being BB-8 Calrissian Chronicles The actor who played Admiral Piett Brian Herring and Dave Chapman The life and times of the rakish rogue on how to avoid Darth Vader’s wrath. reveal how they brought BB-8 to life. introduced in The Empire Strikes Back. 24 56 80 Slugs in Space Now This is Podracing Mark Lewis Jones Interview Could space-inhabiting creatures like Videogame expert Tony A. Rowe fires Meet the actor behind The Last Jedi’s exogorths and mynocks really exist? up his old N64 console and goes racing. stern First Order captain, Moden Canady. 32 60 92 Welcome to Lucaswood Rob Coleman: Part Two Probing the Galaxy Insider visits Elstree Studios, where How the animator and his team created Our probe droids uncover the top five the original Star Wars trilogy was made. a digital Yoda and an entire clone army. systems of interest to Imperial Intelligence.

INCOMING TRANSMISSIONS 40 78 86 90 Prize Giveaway! Jedi Master’s Quiz Worldwide Image Archive Your chance to win the crème de la Test your knowledge of Star Wars: Healing cosplay, crafting a tauntaun, Arrival on Cloud City, from crème of Star Wars baking gear. The Empire Strikes Back!. BB-8 baking, and Star Wars fan art. a different point of view.

STAR WARS INSIDER / 5 LAUNCHPADNEWS / BOOKS /COMICS / TOYS / GAMES /FASHION

The Virtual Edge ILMxLAB, Lucasfilm, and Oculus Studios developing a Batuu VR experience!

ollowing the huge success of characters from the galaxy far, far away company behind Oculus Studios. ILMxLAB’s award-winning and encompassing multiple styles of “This experience will immerse fans F virtual reality experience gameplay, with difﬁculty settings that in a deep and thrilling adventure Vader Immortal, the cutting- will accommodate a variety of players. within the StarWars galaxy, as they edge studio is developing an even Vicki Dobbs Beck, Executive-in- are transported to impossible places more immersive Star Wars experience Charge at ILMxLAB, said that Tales through the power of virtual reality.” in collaboration with Oculus Studios, from the Galaxy’s Edge, “represents If a real-world visit to the Star which will give fans the opportunity another meaningful step in ILMxLAB’s Wars: Galaxy’s Edge attractions at to explore the planet Batuu in VR, far quest to transition from storytelling to Disneyland Resort in California and beyond the borders of Disney Parks’ storyliving, where you’re inside a world Walt Disney World Resort in Florida popular Galaxy’s Edge attractions. making consequential choices that is out of the question, then this VR Star Wars: Tales from the Galaxy’s drive your experience forward.” adventure offers fans a taste of Batuu Edge will be an entirely new and “VR is an incredibly powerful life through the lenses of an Oculus original story set on the outskirts of storytelling medium,” said Mike Verdu, headset. The title will be available Black Spire Outpost, featuring familiar VP of Content, AR/VR at Facebook, the later this year.

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Taika To Take On The Galaxy Lucasfilm and Disney+ announce new Star Wars projects

isney and Lucasfilm have announced that development is underway on a new Star Wars movie for theatrical release, and a fourth live-action D television series for Disney+, confirming that some highly respected creatives will be at the helm. Academy Award-winning filmmaker Taika Waititi, who directed the final episode of The Mandalorian’s first season (and played bounty hunter-turned- Experience nurse IG-11 in the series), will team up with Oscar-nominated writer Krysty Batuu in Wilson-Cairns to co-write the new film, which is yet to be given a title or release virtual reality! date. Wilson-Cairns is best known for co-writing 1917 (2019) with director Sam Mendes. The movie, based on events from World War I, won Outstanding British Film at this year’s BAFTA Awards. Leslye Headland, the Emmy-nominated playwright behind the hit series Russian Doll (2019), will serve as showrunner, writer, and executive producer for an as-yet-untitled new live action series for Disney+. The new project joins currently in-production shows including an Obi-Wan Kenobi series starring Ewan McGregor and the Cassian Andor series starring Diego Luna. Coming In Hot Movie directors join The Mandalorian Season Two

ilmmakers Peyton Reed and Robert Rodriguez F have been confirmed as episode directors on the forthcoming second season of The Mandalorian, which is due to arrive on Disney+ this October. Both directors have had big hits with science-fiction/fantasy movies in recent years, including Reed’s Ant-Man (2015), and Rodriguez’s most recent film Alita: Battle Angel (2019).

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Webby Disney Gallery: The Mandalorian Winner The Watchlist pulls back the LED curtain! StarWars.com bags five Making TV, The Mandalorian way prestigious web awards

f you were impressed by vast LED screens against which much ince 1996, the Webby the amazing cast, visual of the series was ﬁlmed. Awards, presented I effects, and action of The If you’re not a Disney+ subscriber, S by the International Mandalorian (2019), and Industrial Light & Magic showcases Academy of Digital Arts want to know more about how the the technology behind “The Volume” and Sciences, have recognized series was made, then the Disney+ in The Virtual Production of The the very best of the internet. This companion show Disney Gallery: Mandalorian, Season One, available year, StarWars.com was honored The Mandalorian is for you. on the ILMVFX YouTube channel. This with a raft of highly-coveted gongs The eight-episode series takes 4-minute, 42-second short reveals how for their work on The Star Wars fans behind-the-scenes of the live- many interior and exterior sets were Show, social media channels, and action Star Wars TV series, featuring created on the soundstage, dressed with the ofﬁcial Star Wars app. In a roundtable interviews with the cast props and physical scenery, and using statement, the StarWars.com team and crew hosted by showrunner Jon cutting edge technology originally thanked fans for their support, Favreau, and exclusive making-of created for videogames to combine saying, “The People’s Voice prizes footage from inside the “The Volume,” digital environments and live action are especially meaningful, since this the immersive studio space made up of footage in-camera. award is voted on by you, the fans!” Charles Lippincott 1939-2020

hat the world was waiting with bated breath for the release of a new movie by little-known director George Lucas in 1977 was in no small T part down to the efforts of Charles Lippincott, the marketing wizard charged with making sure Star Wars would find its audience. The genius of Lippincott, who sadly passed away in May of this year, was that he recognized there was a ready-made fanbase just waiting to be swept up by a space fantasy movie with the scope and grandeur of Lucas’ vision. Thus he began his campaign at San Diego Comic-Con in 1976, with a 35mm slide show of stills in lieu of clips from the unfinished movie, the assistance of Marvel Comics’ Roy Thomas and Howard Chaykin to help drum up interest, and a deep well of evident enthusiasm for the project. Star Wars owes much to the groundbreaking work of Lippincott, a visionary in his field described by George Lucas as, “one of the founding pillars of the Star Wars films and phenomenon.”

8 / STAR WARS INSIDER LAUNCHPAD High Time For The High Republic Prepare for the new era in Star Wars storytelling

The first wave of Star Wars stories set in the exciting new High Republic era will debut in the first few months of 2021. Here are the five books and comics to look out for, including publication dates and details on the Star Wars pedigree of their authors.

Daniel José Older Star Wars: The High Republic Adventures Older—author of Solo: Justina Ireland A Star Wars Story (2018) Star Wars: The High Republic: tie-in novel Last Shot— A Test of Courage switches to comic books for a new series from IDW Teenage Jedi Vernestra Rwoh is the Publishing that follows the focal point of this middle grade novel adventures of Jedi Knights by Justina Ireland, which sees the newly on the galactic frontier. minted Jedi stranded on a dangerous jungle planet with a group of young allies. The book will be published by Disney Lucasﬁlm Press on January 5. Ireland is the author of junior novels Lando’s Luck and Spark of the Resistance.

Charles Soule Star Wars: The High Republic: Light of the Jedi Fans’ ﬁrst journey into the High Republic comes from publisher Del Rey on January 5 in Charles Soule’s Light of the Jedi, which introduces readers to Jedi Knight Avar Kriss and sets the scene for what is to come in this bright new era of Star Wars storytelling. Soule, currently lead writer on Marvel Comics’ ongoing Star Wars title, has previously written several Star Wars mini-series for the publisher, including Lando, Obi-Wan Cavan Scott and Anakin, Darth Vader: Dark Lord of the Sith, and the Star Wars: The High Republic recent four-part masterpiece, The Rise of Kylo Ren. Known for his Star Wars: Claudia Gray Adventures in Wildspace Star Wars: The High Republic: Into the Dark novels, and popular IDW comic mini-series Tales The author of Star Wars novels Lost Stars, Bloodline, Leia, from Vader’s Castle, Scott Princess of Alderaan, and Master & Apprentice returns will be writing Marvel to the galaxy far, far away with a young adult novel Comics’ ongoing High following reluctant Padawan Reath Silas’ adventures Republic series, taking on the Republic’s frontier. Into the Dark is published by readers to the darker Disney Lucasﬁlm Press on February 2. corners of the galaxy.

STAR WARS INSIDER / 9 LAUNCHPAD

Bounce yourself into hyperspace!

Take Flight With The Falcon Turn Han Solo’s ship into your personal amusement park

orget lightspeed skipping, moon if your backyard can’t handle a race to relive the Battle of Hoth from now you can hyper-bounce ship that size. Inside, fans can leap into Star Wars: The Empire Strikes Back F with Magic Jump’s inflatable the cockpit, bound around the main (1980). Designed for play whatever the Star Wars Millennium Falcon cabin, hop into a bunk, or jump up to weather, the course features a towering Hyperspace Jump Experience Bounce the quad-laser cannon. The fun-filled Imperial AT-AT walker and an escaping House. Shaped just like the iconic inflatable even feature blow-up replicas Millennium Falcon, plus Darth Vader starship and featuring accurate interior of Chewbacca and R2-D2! and stormtrooper obstacles. and exterior decoration, the playland Feeling the need for an even greater The AT-AT 50-Foot Obstacle Course weighs 1,136 pounds and measures in challenge? Magic Jump also offers an costs $5,795, while the Millennium at a massive 35 feet in length, 30 feet inflatable 50-foot Star Wars AT-AT 50- Falcon Hyperspace Jump Experience is in width, and 15 feet high, meaning Foot Obstacle Course, through which priced at $9,495. Both are available at you might also need to invest in a small kids (and thrill-seeking adults) can MagicJump.com.

THE LIGHT SIDE By Jamie Cosley

10 / STAR WARS INSIDER LAUNCHPAD Timeline Important dates in Star Wars Mug The Force Be With You history. Savor the flavor of a captured Corellian 1952 June 7: Liam Neeson, Qui-Gon o you take your iced tea Jinn in Star Wars: The Phantom carbon-freeze cool? Then Menace (1999), is born. the Star Wars Han Solo in D 1963 Carbonite 60 oz. Geeki Tikis June 6: Jason Isaacs, who voices mug could be the perfect cup for you, the Grand Inquisitor in Star Wars as its modelled after the carbonite block Rebels, is born. that kept Solo quiet all the way to Jabba’s Palace on Tatooine. It’s just one of a 1964 batch of new products from Geeki Tikis June 10: Ben Daniels, General that also includes a 24 oz. Gamorrean Merrick in Rogue One: A Star Guard mug and a bamboo-themed Wars Story (2016), is born. Death Star, all of which are top-shelf 1977 dishwasher and microwave safe. Throw May 25: Star Wars: A New in a green straw, and the mini Death Hope is released in cinemas. Star can ﬁre the beverage of your choice directly at your Alderaanian taste buds. 1980 May 21: Star Wars: The Empire Strikes Back is released in cinemas.

1983 Transport Of Delight June 12: Lando Calrissian and the Mindharp of Sharu, by L. Neil Troopers catch a ride with Hasbro’s restyled vintage vehicle Smith, is published by Del Rey. 1991 ans of a certain age (which they may choose not to divulge) will most May 1: Star Wars: Heir to the likley rave about Kenner’s original Imperial Troop Transporter toy, released Empire, by Timothy Zahn, is F in the late 1970s that featured sounds from the movie and a secret hatch published by Bantam Spectra. at the back. Now Hasbro have created a screen-accurate update as part of The Vintage Collection. The Imperial Troop Transport, based on the vehicle that 2005 ﬁnally made it on screen in the Disney+ series The Mandalorian, is scaled to carry up May 3: The soundtrack for Star to 8 action ﬁgures (not included), with opening doors that reveal a cockpit area and Wars: Revenge of the Sith (2005), composed by John Williams, is blasters on the removable roof. In stores now, priced $70. released by Sony Classical.

2018 May 25: Solo: A Star Wars Story (2018) is released in theatres.

STAR WARS INSIDER / 11 LAUNCHPAD Tee Is For TIE Fighter Storyboard style for potential pilots

unky fashion outﬁtter Heroes & Villains offers F fans the chance to wear a piece of cinematic history with a new range of T-shirts and hoodies that celebrates the storyboard art behind the Star Wars movies. Each garment reproduces an original storyboard frame, including the shot number, Babu’s Fashion Fix background, and description, as created to aid production of Display your admiration for Kijimi’s legendary droidsmith the original trilogy. You can choose your allegiance too, with he resourceful (and quite these fashionable Babu Frik shirts, visit tees featuring TIE ﬁghter, X-wing, delightful) Babu Frik, who HerUniverse.com. AT-AT, and Millennium Falcon T was introduced audiences in HerUniverse is also releasing a storyboards and collages. The Rise of Skywalker, has special line of Star Wars clothing Hoodies are priced at $78, while apparently been posing for a new line inspired by fashion trends of the 1990s. the super cool tees can be yours for of T-shirts—available now from top- Emblazoned with the words “May The $30 each. The range is currently tier geek fashion brand Her Universe. Force Be With You,” the Rebel Alliance available at heroesvillains.com. Variants include a full-color rendition starbird, and the Galactic Empire’s logo, of Babu Frik, a Force spirit-like blue the garments feature a stylish black- version on a vibrant background, and and-white color palette. The striking an expertly sketched drawing of the collection is available now at Disney skilled technician. To order any of Parks and shopDisney.com.

An Elegant Toy, For A More Civilized Age Enhance your Clone Wars-era cosplay

asbro has bolstered their on the handles. From a realistic Black Series line of Force weight and 43-inch length to H FX Lightsaber collectibles glowing light effects and authentic with the lightsabers used lightsaber sounds, even General by Asajj Ventress and Kit Fisto Grievous would consider these during the tumultuous years of the props to be worthy additions to his Clone Wars. These highly detailed collection. Fans who purchase two lightsabers feature polycarbonate of Ventress’ lightsabers can even blades (Sith red for Ventress, Jedi connect the pair to wield an even green for Fisto) and die-cast metal more powerful weapon.

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Mando A Merch

Assets that make bounty Forget beskar. A fabric hoodie hunting less complicated is the way!

A HOODIE FIT FOR DIN DJARIN Keep warm while tracking your next commission The success of the Disney+ series The Mandalorian is clear, but the new Bounty Hunter Zip-Up Sweatshirt A is perfect for days when the weather is not. Whether it is raining, snowing, or simply a bit chilly, this hoodie will literally have you covered. The sweatshirt’s design is inspired by the Mandalorian’s damaged armor but, much like the original suit, it holds a few surprises. The outerwear’s hood is based on Mando’s signature helmet and can completely cover your face, so it’s perfect for cold, overcast days or secret gatherings at your local Mandalorian covert. A removable cape bearing the mythosaur skull emblem and the words “Mandalorian Bounty Hunter” complete the ensemble. If you’re searching for a place to order the sweatshirt, this is the way: shopDisney.com.

BETTER THAN BESKAR Accentuate your Mandalorian armor with these honorable accessories

The Mandalorian known as Din Djarin visits the Armorer whenever he needs to repair his compromised armor or rearm his weaponry. But what about more formal occasions, where a bit more bling is required? CuffLinks Inc. can equip you with an array of mythosaur skull-inspired accoutrements worthy of any first-class event. Silver and black cufflinks B bear a stamped mythosaur skull, while a matching lapel pin and 2-inch tie bar will allow you to show-off your appreciation for the Mandalorian way. A gray silk tie and red silk pocket tie add the final touches for any warrior B heading out for a night on Nevarro. C THE CHILD ‘ROCKS’ A signet worthy of any clan

In honor of The Mandalorian’s breakout star, the Child, RockLove jewelry brings you a sterling silver necklace C depicting the phenomenal character. The detailed three- dimensional pendant features glossy, hand-painted black enamel eyes, and stands at 27 millimeters tall, weighing in at an easy-to-wear 19 grams. This limited-edition piece is priced at $135 and can be found at RockLove.com.

STAR WARS INSIDER / 13 LAUNCHPAD Book Club

Royalty and rebels face new dangers in the latestStar Wars book releases.

The Perils of Padmé Queen Amidala seeks faithful decoys in Star Wars: Queen’s Peril

Every saga may have its first step, but there’s always room to find out what happened just before it put its best foot forward. Set prior to and during the events of Star Wars: The Phantom Menace (1999), Star Wars: Queen’s Peril is author E. K. Johnston’s prequel to her previous young adult novel New York Times bestselling Queen’s Shadow—which told the story of the numerous dangers faced by Padmé Amidala and her faithful handmaidens as the former queen of Naboo moved into to her diplomatic role in the snakepit of the Republic senate. Queen’s Peril takes us back in time to explore the monumental changes in Padmé Amidala’s life a short time after she became the elected monarch to Naboo’s throne at the tender age of fourteen. The high-profile nature of her new role makes it essential that Padmé has effective protection, and the young queen begins the task of (or enough to fool a passing Jedi is sorely tested when the planet is recruiting a dedicated unit of skilled Knight, anyway!), Padmé must also invaded by the Trade Federation’s handmaidens who will serve both as find a way to unite them as a team. battle droids. her defenders and her decoys. While But, before they’ve truly had time to Published by Disney Lucasfilm each of the young women is selected build an effective relationship with Press, Star Wars: Queen’s Peril for their unique talents, and at least a one another, the tenacity and resolve by E. K. Johnston is published in passing resemblance to their queen of the queen and her handmaidens hardback on June 2.

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01 02 03 Star Wars: Star Wars: Shadow Fall: An Alphabet I Am a Padawan Die-Cut Classics Squadron Novel No one knows Ahsoka Tano quite Publisher Studio Fun puts a fresh Published on June 23, Shadow Fall like Ashley Eckstein, the actor spin on the timeless tales of Star is the sequel to 2019’s Alphabet who has provided the popular Wars: A New Hope , The Empire Squadron from writer Alexander Padawan’s voice since The Clone Strikes Back, and Return of the Freed and Del Rey Books, in which Wars (2008) movie, and again in Jedi with a new line of picture the exploits of X-wing ace Yrica Star Wars Rebels (2014-2018). books designed for parents and Quell and the pilots of the New Eckstein turns writer for Star Padawans to enjoy together. Republic’s mixed-vehicle Alphabet Wars: I Am a Padawan, a Little Available in bookstores now, the Squadron continue to be chronicled. Golden Book aimed at young Having survived a narrow victory readers that follows the journey Die-Cut Classics editions retell the over the Imperial Navy’s Shadow of Anakin Skywalker’s apprentice epic stories of each of the movies as she’s taught in the ways of across 72 pages, with colorful Wing, Alphabet Squadron launches the Force by her master and Jedi illustrations by artist Brian Rood an attack against their adversaries in mentors Obi-Wan Kenobi and adding vibrant interpretations to the Imperial Remnant. But Shadow Yoda. The beautifully illustrated every scene. Featuring a special Wing has found new leadership in Star Wars: I Am a Padawan is die-cut hardcover, Star Wars fans of the iron-willed Major Keize, Yrica perfect not just for young fans but any age will enjoy these storybook Quell’s former mentor, and Alphabet fans of all ages, and is available in keepsakes, which are sure to Squadron finds itself fighting the bookstores now. become family favorites. deadly shadow of their own leader!

STAR WARS INSIDER / 15 LAUNCHPAD Comics Roundup New adventures in multiple eras keep the action coming in our Star Wars comics update.

Number One for All New Adventures IDW Comics’ relaunches its flagship series with a new issue #1 for Star Wars Adventures

Star Wars Adventures gets a fresh start this October with the debut of a new issue #1 for the popular comic series. Publisher IDW launched the original Star Wars Adventures in 2017 as a kid-friendly title focused on fun, self-contained stories with dynamically expressive art. That series ended its first run in April with issue #32, but fans need not fret—the qualities that made Star Wars Adventures such an inviting proposition in the first place aren’t going anywhere. The new series still employs the same creative freedom, jumping around in the Star Wars timeline to depict events in any era and in every corner of the galaxy. Familiar faces from the Star Wars movies and the animated series show up regularly, and heroes from the Republic, Rebellion, or Resistance might test their mettle against the villainous agents of the Separatists, the Empire, the First Order, or even the vile Hutt crime bosses who rule the Outer Rim. The premiere issue is written by Michael Moreci (Annihilation: Scourge: Skywalker (2019), Poe and Finn take pictured above), as the creative Beta Ray Bill ) and Nick Brokenshire Rey to a remote planet to continue team of Moreci and Kyriazis continue (The Once and Future Queen ). her Jedi training but are surprised to the tale of Rey, Finn, and Poe’s Brokenshire also handles interior realize the extent of the First Order’s unexpected conforntation with the art alongside Ilias Kyriazis, with reach. A second story stars the Dark First Order from the previous issue. Francesco Francavilla contributing Lord of the Sith himself, Darth Vader! With a second story featuring art by the issue’s cover. In the lead tale, set Issue #2 in the newly-numbered Megan Levens, Star Wars Adventures between the events of Star Wars: run follows later the same month brings fans a monthly, bite-sized mix The Last Jedi (2017) and The Rise of (cover art by Francesco Francavilla of accessible galactic drama.

16 / STAR WARS INSIDER LAUNCHPAD Incoming Don’t Miss These Upcoming Releases Star Wars #6 Marvel’s ongoing Star Wars series recently relaunched with a fresh focus on the timeframe separating The Empire Strikes Back from Return of the Jedi. In the latest issue by writer JULY Charles Soule, Luke Skywalker deals Star Wars: The Action with the aftermath of his Cloud City Figure Variant Covers duel with Darth Vader—including Marvel Comics the fact that a Jedi Knight needs Artist: John Tyler Christopher their lightsaber! Meanwhile, Vader accelerates the search for his son, and AUGUST the Rebel Alliance reaches its lowest Darth Vader #4 point since the evacuation of Hoth. On Marvel Comics sale early September, Star Wars #6 Writers: Greg Pak features art by Jesus Saiz, and variant Artist: Raffaele Ienco covers by R. B. Silva and Chris Sprouse. Cover Artist: In-Hyuk Lee

Star Wars Adventures Annual 2020 IDW Publishing Bounty Hunters #4 Writers: Cavan Scott, Valance is a cyborg bounty hunter with Nick Brokenshire an old score to settle, and he continues Artists: Franchesco Gaston, his quest in issue #4 of the new Star Nick Brokenshire Wars series focused on outlaws and Cover Artist: Mauricet the hired guns who hunt them down. Valance has gotten closer to the mentor SEPTEMBER who abandoned him years ago, but Star Wars there’s a secret reason why Nakano Jedi: Fallen Order: Lash betrayed her comrades and it will Dark Temple Marvel Comics die with her if Boba Fett is allowed to Writer: Matthew Rosenberg reach the quarry first! Writer Ethan Artist: Paolo Villanelli Sacks tells the tale, which features art Cover Artist: Marco Checchetto by Paolo Villanelli and a cover by Lee Bermejo (plus an Empire Strikes Back- Star Wars Legends themed variant cover by Chris Sprouse). Epic Collection: Bounty Hunters #4 is available in stores The Empire Vol. 6 on August 19. Marvel Comics Writers: John Ostrander and others Artist: Various Cover Artist: Stéphane Roux Doctor Aphra #3 Rogue archaeologist Doctor Aphra straddles the line between hero and self-centered wild card in this fan- favorite series, which was recently relaunched under Nebula Award winning writer Alyssa Wong. “Aphra is a delight,” Wong recently told StarWars.com. “She’s out for herself, for fun and profit, and that drives her actions more than any internal moral compass.” In this issue, Aphra’s crew run afoul of Ronen Tagge’s mercenaries while the good doctor scrambles to deal with a suspected traitor in her ranks. In stores August 26, the issue features art by Marika Cresta and a cover by Valentina Remenar.

STAR WARS INSIDER / 17 SPECIAL EDITIONS

18 / STAR WARS INSIDER SPECIAL EDITIONSINTERVIEW: KENNETH COLLEY

Star Wars Insider speaks to the only Imperial officer who evaded Darth Vader’s wrath long enough to appear in more than one Star Wars movie. WORDS: MARK NEWBOLD

aptain Piett’s officers in The Empire Strikes field promotion Back. What was it about you C to admiral in that director Irvin Kershner Star Wars: The identified as being perfect Empire Strikes for Piett? Back (1980) put the character Kenneth Colley: I wouldn’t say in a unique position—he we were all exact lookalikes, but instantly became a member those of us playing the various of the Empire’s forces that captains and admirals were “of a the audience were actually kind.” We had a certain feel to us. rooting for. In fact, Admiral When I was brought in to meet Piett proved so popular that Irvin Kershner, he said to me, “I’m George Lucas bought him looking for a man who’d frighten back for the original trilogy’s Adolf Hitler, and you’re it.” final episode. Insider recently The idea was that we were all spoke with actor Kenneth on the scary, dark side, although Colley to better understand I felt that could have made us the officer’s special appeal. seem a bit mechanical, so I started putting little wriggles of humanity Star Wars Insider: You were into Piett. I think perhaps that’s one of a number of respected what interested audiences, and British actors cast as Imperial what they responded to in him.

STAR WARS INSIDER / 19 INTERVIEW:SPECIAL KENNETH EDITIONS COLLEY

Captain Piett was subordinate a Russian. Eastwood said, “We to Admiral Ozzel, played by like Brits in uniform,” to which Michael Sheard who later I said, “Yeah, but you could get played Hitler in Indiana Jones Russian and German actors who and The Last Crusade (1989). can perform in English.” He said, Yes. And I’d played Hitler a couple “We’d still prefer Brits.” There’s of times myself. Back in the days something about the discipline when television did theatrical plays of a British actor. Our basis was instead of films, the BBC made theatre, and classical theatre at three, thirty-minute plays called that. To repeat the performance, about acting then, about economy These Men Are Dangerous (1969), maybe every night for a year, and in the acting, speaking properly. It which were about Hitler, Stalin, keep the timing and keep the was a British thing, and it seems and Mussolini as young men. The energy up, it takes a certain kind to suit uniformed characters. After casting director on The Empire of discipline. Actors who come all, they’re just there to obey orders, Strikes Back remembered that I’d up through that route, they have aren’t they? The problem for the played Hitler, so there was a link that. Americans consider a Brit in actor is to expand that as much as to what Kershner was looking uniform to be the best because we possible without changing the role for. These things always come speak their language and we have too much, so it becomes a very by association, from something this discipline instilled in us. subtle affair. You still have to play you’ve done before or an image the discipline, but within it you that’s rested in a director’s mind. Did Kershner work with you add some life, otherwise it would Sometimes it’s just a uniform that closely to find the root of be lifeless. you’ve been seen in, which reminds your character? them of another uniform. That’s That was left to me. In my day, that That subtlety is evident in your the way it goes. I’ve spent quite was the basis you came from. It’s final scene in Empire, when some time in uniforms of one changed since then a great deal, Admiral Piett looks likely to kind or another. but we’re going back to the 1970s, be on the deadly end of Vader’s Later I did a film with Clint with actors who came into the anger after the rebels escape. Eastwood called Firefox (1982), and business in the early 1960s. There By then I had a few scenes under I was in uniform again, playing was still a very traditional style my belt. I was on Empire for about

20 / STAR WARS INSIDER SPECIAL EDITIONS

three weeks and that was jungle and shot in a jungle, or on 01 Captain all these electronic things that had towards the end of my time on a real street, or in a real building Piett been created. (Kenneth the film, so I was getting into it rather than constructing and Colley) and concentrating on how to shooting on enormous sets. Star suddenly Star Wars: A New Hope (1977) moves up achieve more by doing less. You Wars took us back to building truly through had been a huge hit, so you have to be very careful about gigantic, wonderful sets. And so the ranks knew you were working on closeups on movies. The camera much of what you see in those to admiral. something significant. Was is actually a microscope. What first three films was live action. 02 Piett had there a sense of that on set? you’re genuinely feeling about It was there. That’s what gave a knack for You got the feel if it, yes. The thing what you’re doing can show on them substance. All around you, staying on George Lucas did that changed the right that camera, so you it has to be as you were shooting, there were side of everything was he took the the right thing. experiments taking place, things Darth genre—what Hollywood called “B Vader. they’d built electronically or had movies”—seriously. They had been Your scenes take place entirely people inside them learning how to these little entertainment things on Darth Vader’s Super Star make them work. That fascinated for kids that were never given big Destroyer. Were you impressed me, and it was so exciting because budgets, rarely had good writing, by the scale of the sets? it was so creative. and consequently never had good Oh, they were enormous. Incredible. On my first day I did a scene acting either. They were rather silly, They were the kind of sets that you with Darth Vader that took 17 takes until Stanley Kubrick’s brilliant didn’t see anymore. Film took a to say five sentences, because of the film 2001: A Space Odyssey (1968). certain turn in the 1960s, where it timing with a little mouse droid in George decided he was going to became more realistic. If a scene the background. We did so many build on that. There were so many was set in a jungle they went to a takes to get the timing right with influences for George, including a

STAR WARS INSIDER / 21 SPECIAL EDITIONS

British film produced by Alexander Casablanca (1942) a great movie? 03 Kenneth often feel wrong-footed, and you Korda, way, way back in 1940 called It was a run-of-the-mill star vehicle Colley as imagine—incorrectly—that this Admiral The Thief of Bagdad. When it came for Humphrey Bogart, shot in about Piett, in a feeling translates to the screen, out it was a phenomenal success a month by a special section of behind the although somehow it does not. scenes shot for British film, especially in the big Warner Brothers that was hived from The I was out shopping in Notting market of the U.S. As a boy, George off to make films quickly, so they Empire Hill Gate with my wife Mary, and thought it was the greatest thing were in the cinema while an issue Strikes we walked past an old-fashioned Back (1983) of its kind he’d ever seen, and said, was still alive in the press. All those Odeon theater. The queues were “One day I’m going to do that.” gangster movies, some of them are 04 Audiences four-deep around the block and wonderful but no one knows why. could never I said “Look, my Star Wars film is be certain if Forty years on, The Empire That’s the thing about movies. You Piett would on. We ought to go and see it.” Strikes Back is regarded as cannot predict what will be a hit, survive each There were two seats left on the encounter a classic in its own right. otherwise we’d all be millionaires. with Darth front row and when the film began, Did you consider you were When I saw the final film, I was Vader. with those words disappearing into involved in something special completely astonished. infinity, you could have heard a at the time? human hair drop. I was enraptured I appreciated what it was and what And were you satisfied with by it. I looked around at the people it did later, but in the actual business your portrayal of Piett? in the audience and I said to Mary of doing it, it was just another job I rarely ever see what I’m in, to be “This is wonderful!” as far as I was concerned. You can’t honest, but when I saw Empire, I get a feel for how a film is going to did go through that awful process Unusually for an Imperial turn out at all when you’re actually of finding fault with myself. Any officer working under Darth making it. You only realize what actor will tell you the same. My Vader, Admiral Piett survived you’ve got when it’s put together. concentration was on what I into Star Wars: Return of the Some of the best scripts you’ve thought I was doing wrong. You Jedi (1983). What qualities ever read come out like dreck and don’t get rehearsals in movies like allowed him to do that? you can’t understand why, while you do in the theatre. You don’t There was a progression in Piett’s some scripts you had no respect for get time to make yourself at home situation from Empire to Jedi. He become wonderful movies. Why is with what you’re doing, so you had lived where so many others

22 / STAR WARS INSIDER INTERVIEW:SPECIAL KENNETH EDITIONS COLLEY

04 had not, so he knew what was audience; they’re the ones who pay. We know Piett perished required in order to survive and he Because there was a big reaction when an A-wing fighter had a bit more authority because of to Piett in Empire, George Lucas smashed into the bridge of that. He’d obviously done anything wanted him to come back in Jedi, the Executor, but George Vader had wished for in a way so he called me up and asked “Do Lucas once said that he liked that Vader wished. As long as he you want to be in the next one? to think that Piett somehow kept doing that, he was going to I’ve no idea what you’re going to survived. Do you think he be alright, whereas in Empire you do but come to the studio and I’ll made it out in one piece? never knew from one moment to write you some scenes.” So, I sat When I did my final take of that the next whether he would go the around the set while they were scene I said, “Well, that’s it George. way of Admiral Ozzel. That’s what filming Return of the Jedi and George Goodbye. I’m dead.” He said, “In was in the minds of the audience, wrote me a scene. He gave it to me Star Wars, not necessarily.” I think and so you played off of that kind and said, “There’ll be another one you would have to have had a very of expectation. next week, but I don’t know what strong reason to bring Piett back When The Empire Strikes Back it’s going to be yet.” but, given all the other characters came out there was a big reaction By Jedi there was a relationship George had to deal with, I don’t from the fans to the character. happening where you were given suppose there was one. After all, American producers take notice of the opportunity to add something. we were throwaway captains and that kind of thing. For them it’s not And whenever the writing allows throwaway admirals that Darth a matter of aiming to create art to you to do that, of course an actor Vader could have extinguished please the critics, it’s all about the is going take that opportunity. in a moment.

STAR WARS INSIDER / 23 Slugs in Space f all the creatures Greg Rouse, Ph.D., is a Professor The exogorth, that unexpected in the Star Wars of Marine Biology and Curator galaxy, only a of the Benthic Invertebrate resident of an asteroid near O few are shown Collection at Scripps Institution Hoth in Star Wars: The Empire living outside of Oceanography (SIO) at the Strikes Back (1980) more often an atmosphere. University of California, San Diego. referred to as a space slug, Many worlds played host to an His studies of methane seeps and array of wildlife despite often hydrothermal vents on the ocean taught the Millennium Falcon being limited to one climate, ﬂoor reveal vast diversity thriving landing party and audiences and even the icy cold of Hoth, in such hostile environments. alike to check for teeth before the searing heat of Tatooine, “How animals survive these and the aquatic depths of Naboo’s challenges gives us insight into how entering a cave. With insight planet core were home to many ﬂexible life can be in colonizing from scientists who study life species. Here on Earth, scientists other habitats,” says Rouse. in extreme environments, Star study areas of the planet that are Angela Zoumplis, a Ph.D. Wars Insider explores how such inhospitable to humans in order graduate student at SIO, studies to better understand the extreme extremophiles—life forms adapted creatures might survive the limits of life. Such research gives to extreme environments. Her focus harshness of outer space. us clues as to how exogorths, is on the McMurdo Dry Valleys mynocks, and purrgils might have of Antarctica, one of the coldest, WORDS: MELISSA T. MILLER adapted to survive in open space. windiest, and driest places on the

24 / STAR WARS INSIDER planet. “There are places on Earth The study of extremophiles are some organisms that are capable that have very similar characteristics requires scientists working in hostile of incorporating silicon into their to some planetary bodies in space. environments to withstand the structures and it is a crucial part of The conditions—extremes in conditions without the benefit of their growth and division.” temperature, pressure, radiation, specific adaptations, relying instead It is via division, or fission, that low or no oxygen, or just weird on technology to survive. exogorths reproduced. Instead of chemistries—result in some cool “To study an extremophile you relying on the chance meeting of adaptations,” she says. have to be a little extremophilic mates, they were able to split into However, Han, Leia, and yourself,” admits Zoumplis. fully independent fragments. Chewbacca were not adapted to “Both life forms would have survive on an asteroid without A Slug’s Life to have some kind of dispersal technological assistance, so when The asteroid-dwelling exogorths mechanism to get around,” says they investigated the supposed and mynocks encountered in The Rouse. “Exogorths might have sent cave they had landed in, they Empire Strikes Back were silicon- off fragments of themselves into used portable breathing devices based, rather than the carbon- space to find other suitable asteroid and limited their time outside the based lifeforms that thrived inside habitats and mynocks may have ship. Long-term exposure to these atmospheres from planet Naboo to dispersed via the exogorths.” conditions may have required the forest moon of Endor. “Silicon- So as not to compete with each additional personal protective based creatures would most likely other for resources, one fragment equipment to protect them from arise in environments with low or likely remained in place while extreme temperatures or radiation. no oxygen,” says Zoumplis. “There the other drifted off to another

STAR WARS INSIDER / 25 Harsh environments and the potential to be eaten by a research subject deters scientific pursuits no matter what galaxy you’re in.

asteroid. In turn, the mynocks 01 An exogorth breakdown of rocks and bones. The that lived inside exogorths may strikes back. worms then eat the bacteria. have been alerted to the split 02 Bombs rock “There are worms that grow and time their reproduction, the space into the bones of dead vertebrates slug’s lair. also by fission, seizing the (whales, fish, et al.) on the seafloor, opportunity to travel along 03 A boneworm dissolving the bone via acid they with the new exogorth. species has secrete from their skin and sending been named In 2018, Rouse and a team of after Jabba roots down into the bone,” explains scientists named and described the Hutt. Rouse. “They need bacteria to help a marine worm that they had them break down the collagen.” 02 discovered during the course of their In a similar manner, exogorths research—and owing to a similarity would likely root themselves in body shape, named it after into the asteroid and may have and possibly even a takeout from everyone’s favorite Star Wars crime hosted an entire ecosystem of Oga’s Cantina. lord; Jabba the Hutt. Osedax jabba is bacteria. They were also probably It’s probable that after finding just one of a species of worms whose opportunistic feeders able to convert a suitable home, exogorths existence requires the presence of pretty much anything into energy— would only move under extreme bacteria that feed off the chemical passing spacecraft, solar radiation, circumstances, as the effort required to unroot themselves would have been substantial. It’s also likely they 03 restricted their growth to the size of their chosen cave, as becoming too large would risk breaking the rock or being forced to move. Given a large enough living space, an exogorth may not have reproduced, spending energy on its own growth instead. While a quick demise in the guts of a space slug wouldn’t be very cinematic, it’s not just for dramatic effect that the exogorth responded slowly after food literally flew into its mouth. It transpires that there’s actually a biological explanation for the slow reveal. “We know of extremophiles

26 / STAR WARS INSIDER SLUGS IN SPACE

slowing their metabolism to almost undetectable levels,” says Zoumplis. “In this dormant state, organisms are protected from unfavorable conditions such as desiccation, high or low temperatures, radiation, and the like. When conditions return to favorable, they resume a normal metabolic state.” When energy sources are rare, the needs of a huge creature such as the exogorth would be unsustainable without such an adaptation. The dormant stage was perhaps reversed by the mere presence of Han Solo’s ship, not to mention the charges dropped by TIE bombers and the 04 direct blaster fire to the exogorth’s esophagus. Depending on what kind of sensors a ship used to detect life forms, it could be that an exogorth in its dormant stage would essentially be invisible to scans—an advantage when it comes to ambushing ships. It’s likely that the parasitic mynocks entered a semi-dormant stage along with their host, but may have rebounded faster, giving themselves time to feed off the ship’s electricity before the exogorth had an opportunity to swallow it. “There have been several cases 05 of bacteria powering themselves off of direct electricity in low oxygen environments,” confirms Zoumplis. gathered by the crinoid slides 04 Chewbacca As a good captain, Han knew The mynocks used a sucker to right over the worm, which fights off about mynocks and their ability to a hungry attach to ships for feeding and siphons off as much as it mynock. disable the Millennium Falcon if left hitching rides to colonize new can eat.” unchecked. Although it’s Leia who 05 Stalagmites, ports. The ability of these creatures stalagtites, or gets the famous line, “I have a bad to thrive both inside an exogorth Han the Naturalist giant teeth? feeling about this,” it is Han who and without a host has parallels When Han Solo decided to land This is figured out that the shifting cave no cave! in nature. “There are many kinds his beloved ship in a cave on was an immediate threat. of parasitic animals that can also an asteroid, his focus was on “I appreciated that Han live freely for part of their life escaping the pursuing Imperial Solo correctly identified the cycle,” says Rouse. “My favorite are forces and repairing the Falcon’s space creatures,” says Zoumplis. myzostome worms that live in the hyperdrive. Lulled into a false sense “Taxonomic insights are super esophagus of crinoid echinoderms of security by the apparent safety useful and quite a skill.” [relations of starfish]. The food of his chosen hiding spot, Han Han may not even have known was soon distracted by additional exogorths existed—perhaps he pursuits; namely winning the had just heard stories—but he “To study an affections of Princess Leia. Though understood the need to flee, even clearly curious about the repeated if that meant flying back into the extremophile you lurching of the ship, the fact that midst of the Imperial fleet. Indeed, have to be a little the motion lands Leia in his arms these isolated and long-living prevented the amorous captain species would likely not be well extremophilic from questioning it further. This known or understood. Scientific flirtation, leading to their first on- research, in whatever manner it yourself.” screen kiss, could be the reason that exists in Star Wars, may have been Angela Zoumplis they only barely escaped! limited in the same way as on

STAR WARS INSIDER / 27 SLUGS IN SPACE

Earth. Harsh environments and the potential to be attacked or eaten by a research subject deters scientific pursuits no matter what galaxy you’re in. Add to that a galactic civil war that pulls funding and skilled scientists away from research to bolster defense and it’s no surprise that exogorths existed as little more than a myth. Even without specific knowledge, Han’s brusque manner with a 06 woman he would otherwise be trying to impress highlighted that he knew this to be a life or death Purrgils in Space 06 Mature While the front half of purrgils situation. He was back at the helm The purrgils depicted in Star purrgils can are reminiscent of whales, they grow to a as quickly as possible and the Wars: Rebels also adapted to vast size. become more squid-like at the rear. Millennium Falcon and its crew survive in open space, though However, the fact that they have 07 Osedax escaped just in time. The exogorth they required specific nutrients worms teeth might suggest the hunting and and mynocks missed out on this that the exogorths and mynocks growing on eating of small prey equivalent to opportunity and would have had were not limited by. The whale- the vertebrae the diet of fish for toothed whales. of a dead to return to their dormant state and type creatures breathed the gas whale. This implies a food source that hope that another unwitting form Clouzon-36, and it served as lives in open space too, or even of prey eventually came along. a possible food source as well. 08 Ezra Bridger in hyperspace. made a Force On Earth, deep sea methane connection The whales that inhabit Earth’s seeps foster bacteria that convert with a group oceans have enormous lungs to of purrgils. 07 the gas to energy, and similar store enough air to last during long microbes would likely have been dives, assisted by the ability to slow present in clouds of Clouzon-36. their heart rate to conserve oxygen. “The breakdown of methane They also possess a large layer of results in hydrogen sulfide, which blubber, which sometimes accounts drives a huge bacterial community, for half of their body weight. This and this is used by animals; either provides warmth and allows them directly as food or by farming them to go without feeding for long in their bodies,” explains Rouse. periods of time when necessary.

Both purrgils and whales inspire a sense of wonder in those lucky enough to experience a connection with them. 28 / STAR WARS INSIDER SLUGS IN SPACE

That purrgils were social suggests that they used teamwork to hunt food and find gas reserves.

Similar adaptations would have allowed purrgils to sustain their enormous size and to travel at hyperspeed, even though their food and energy supplies were few and far between. Another parallel with their Earthly counterparts was the behavior of traveling in social groups. A process which requires communication— usually visual or auditory—purrgil noises similar to whale songs and echolocation clicks would require adaptations to be heard in space. And the light 10 show they put on is similar to that exhibited by squid, which use special color-changing cells along to that of squid, in which case 09 Purrgils feed discovered and described, some are their body and tentacles as a means they would lay eggs and anchor on exotic only known from seafarers’ accounts gases such as of camouflage and communication. them to asteroids, with the Clouzon-36. or specimens that wash up on shore. That purrgils were social also young dispersing into space 10 Purrgil suggests they used teamwork to once hatched. tentacles Human Impact hunt food and find gas reserves. That purrgils were little more glow before In Rebels, Hera Syndulla’s initial However, the skill required to than legends parallels the lack they enter instinct was to fire upon the purrgils hyperspace. do this implies that, like whales, of understanding humans once to save the Ghost and its crew. adults taught their offspring these had about whales, relegating While unintentional, the creatures behaviors during the first years of them to mythical or even divine were capable of destruction simply life. It is likely then that they gave status for thousands of years. Today owing to their sheer size and speed. birth to live young as whales do there are still huge knowledge On Earth that threat is reversed, and that the mother provided milk gaps about whale populations and with ship strikes more likely to (of unknown color) using energy behaviors due to the difficulty harm whales than vice versa. What from her store of blubber. However, of studying such wide-roaming leads these creatures into the paths it’s also possible that purrgil and inaccessible creatures. Even of vessels is unknown, but scientists reproduction was more similar now, as new species are still being are currently studying whether

STAR WARS INSIDER / 29 SLUGS IN SPACE

11 “Exogorths might have sent off fragments of themselves into space to find other suitable asteroid habitats and mynocks may have dispersed via the exogorths.” Greg Rouse, Ph.D.

ship sonar affects marine mammals sensitivity like Ezra Bridger or via with similar natural capabilities, whale-watching expeditions, now a disrupting their migration patterns huge worldwide industry. The joy of and leading to mass strandings. seeing their spouts and flukes never Sadly, the human part played fades, and responsible ecotourism in greatly depleted whale numbers has the ability to tilt the scales today is undeniable. Historically toward protecting threatened species hunted for oil, meat, and blubber, and habitats while also benefiting many populations were decimated coastal communities. by humans prior to the introduction While exogorths were adapted of the international treaty to ban for a harsh life, with little to fear hunting for all but subsistence aside from a Star Destroyer blasting 12 purposes. Positively, this agreement its way through an asteroid field, has led to a rebound in many the sad reality is that Earth-bound species, although some remain extremophiles suffer from a more critically endangered and others looming threat. It is important is an immediate concern, and 11 Mynocks attached are now sadly extinct. to acknowledge the incredible Rouse reveals that he has seen themselves to Both purrgils and whales inspire potential that humans have to trash on the seafloor even at great the Millennium a sense of wonder in those lucky impact the delicate balance of ocean depths, not to mention Falcon to feed. enough to experience a connection biodiversity, both positively and the fact that it is often found in 12 A mynock with them, whether through Force negatively. Pollution particularly the stomachs of beached whales. adapted to Melting, flooding, and other the planetary atmosphere of effects of a warming planet are Stygeon Prime. 13 also a huge danger. “Polar regions 13 Whale-watchers in general are impacted heavily on Earth might by climate change,” explains experience a Zoumplis. “To counteract these similar sense of wonder changes, there are things we can watching do on a daily basis—use energy purrgils in efficiently, waste less, and reduce a galaxy far, far away.... our carbon emissions. However, the most important thing we can do is to encourage governments to enact science-backed policies that lead to a healthier climate.” It would seem the continued study of extremophiles is important preparation for the day when the discovery of life in other galaxies is more than just science fiction.

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Having already shot Star Wars: A New Hope (1977) at England’s Elstree Studios, George Lucas and Gary Kurtz brought the saga back to Borehamwood in 1979 to make the sequel. Insider uncovers the rich cinematic history of the borough that became known as Britain’s Hollywood, and ﬁnds out what it was like to work at the studio while The Empire Strikes Back (1980) was ﬁlming.

WORDS: CHRISTOPHER COOPER ADDITIONAL MATERIAL: CALUM WADDELL

32 / STAR WARS INSIDER SPECIAL EDITIONS

STAR WARS INSIDER / 33 WELCOME TO LUCASWOOD

alking along Empire Strikes Back, the stage was 01 Shenley Road, demolished long ago following past the shops financial strife that saw a sell-off W and restaurants of land during hard times for the of Borehamwood, studio’s then owners in the 1990s. there is scant The rest of the complex lives on, evidence of the Hertfordshire however, beyond a high fence town’s illustrious cinematic past that runs alongside the northern that saw it dubbed “Britain’s perimeter of Tesco’s car park. And Hollywood” by no less a movie it has never been busier. When star than Charlie Chaplain. There Insider toured the site in early is still less to suggest that it was 2020, the fourth series of Netflix’s once the location of a secret rebel The Crown (2016-) was about base, a forest moon, or a city in the to wrap filming, while multiple clouds. If there’s a bright center to other television productions filled the filmmaking universe, you’d each of the studio’s smaller sound never know that—as far as the U.K. stages, including some of those 02 film industry of the 20th Century used during the production of the was concerned—this was it. original Star Wars trilogy. To the east of a busy junction, five minutes-walk from the local Suburban Celluloid train station, a car park stretches Opened in 1926 as the home of towards a vast supermarket. Here, British National Pictures, the site were you to linger in its frozen now known as Elstree Studios isn’t foods aisle, the chill might remind the only such facility in town. you of the icy planet Hoth. And Not far from Shenley Road is BBC with good reason, as the store Elstree, the base of long-running occupies the former site of Elstree TV soap opera Eastenders (1985 Studios’ stage 6—the 33,000 to present). Built to shoot silent foot-square sound stage where the movies in 1914, the complex was Millennium Falcon once nestled Borehamwood’s very first film in the ice-hewn caverns of Echo studio, and eventually became Base. Built especially for The home to Jim Henson’s The Muppet

03 04

01 The Dagobah set, including Yoda’s hut, being built on Elstree’s stage 6.

02 Harrison Ford (Han Solo) rehearses a scene.

03 C-3PO (Anthony Daniels) advocates health and safety on the Empire set.

04 Mark Hamill prepares for a take.

34 / STAR WARS INSIDER WELCOME TO LUCASWOOD

Show in the 1970s, among other Despite being operational for world-famous television series. more than 90 years, Elstree Studios CHANGING Other hubs of moviemaking have itself has been lucky to survive the come and gone over the years. changing fortunes of the British FORTUNES “We had MGM studios here, film industry, but a blank booking Elstree Studios has had several built before World War II and slate in the mid-1970s turned out owners since the original buildings bought by MGM in 1944,” explains to be its luckiest break of all. were constructed on the site in the Paul Welsh, Elstree Studios’ heritage 1920s, and despite great success has also faced closure on more than consultant and our tour guide New Hope one occasion. Following a fire that around the Elstree lot on a blustery Since Star Wars: The Force Awakens destroyed several sound stages in 1936, January afternoon. “That covered (2015), Pinewood has been the the complex was commandeered by the British government during World 120 acres. It was a fantastic studio. production home to a whole new War II and used as an ordnance depot. Movies such as Village of the generation of galactic adventures, but The studio reopened in 1945 as the Damned (1960), The Dirty Dozen it was a different story back in 1975 Associated British Picture Corporation, and Warner Brothers became an (1967), and Where Eagles Dare when that studio turned George investor in 1946, enabling the studio to (1968) were made there. Sadly, Lucas’ unknown quantity away. be extensively refurbished and rebuilt, that closed in 1970.” A smaller “Gary Kurtz told me Pinewood with new studios added. Stages 7, 8, studio, the Gate, opened near to had been unwilling to turn over and 9, were built in the 1960s primarily to service television productions. the railway station in 1928, on all of its stages to one production, EMI bought the site in 1969, and the cusp of the shift so they had been later merged with Thorn to become from silent movies looking at filming Thorn EMI, which also owned a chain “I can’t think of of movie theaters and the Pathé film to talkies. “That at a studio in Italy,” library. Under this name, the studio was built as a silent anywhere outside says Welsh. “Then became the production base for the studio, so being right someone said, ‘Why original Star Wars and Indiana Jones next to a railway of Hollywood don’t you try Elstree? trilogies, and was used by Stanley Kubrick to film The Shining (1980). New station was not ideal or Los Angeles It’s in dire straits at cutting rooms and post-production when sound pictures the moment and facilities opened, along with the came along,” Welsh standing virtually massive Stage 6 sound stage built where you’ve ever for The Empire Strikes Back. In 1986, chortles. “They had empty. They have 9 Thorn EMI decided to sell the studio to to put a little tower had six studios in sound stages there.’ Cannon, who soon sold the film library on the roof where So, Kurtz came along and put the studio up for sale once one place.” again, despite its continued profitability. the third assistant and spoke to the The company that purchased the director, some Paul Welsh, Elstree Studios managing director studio, Brent Walker, had eyes on the youngster, would Heritage Consultant at the time, Andrew site as a development opportunity and have to sit. When he Mitchell, and they were given permission to sell 12 acres of the 28-acre complex to the Tesco saw a train coming, he would ring agreed Star Wars could take over supermarket chain. As part of the deal, a bell so they would stop shooting the whole studio, which was they agreed to maintain Elstree Studios until it had passed by.” marvelous from their point of view. as a film making facility for at least 25 years, rebuilding stage 6—known Just down the road in Elstree The 20th Century Fox board were today as the George Lucas Stage—on village, producers Edward and Harry still discussing whether or not to the remaining site and refurbishing the Danziger founded the New Elstree do the film but they put down a studio’s post production facilities. Studios in 1956. It became notorious deposit in 1975 just in case, as they Within a year of signing that agreement, Brent Walker reneged on for its low budget productions. “It didn’t want to lose the space.” the deal and, in 1993, closed the studio was of its era, and only lasted five or Welsh, whose father was a for production and began selling its six years, but it gave employment sound effects technician in the assets. Hertsmere council took the company to court in an attempt to to a lot of people,” says Welsh, who film business, is a life-long lover force them to keep the studio open, has championed Borehamwood’s of cinema and has been writing and as a result the studio came under movie-making legacy for the past a weekly newspaper column the ownership of the local council. £10 million was spent re-equipping five decades. “Now we have Sky covering Borehamwood’s ongoing the studio, with a further £5 million talking about building a new involvement in the industry for 43 used to build the George Lucas Stage. studio just a few hundred yards years. Back in 1976, Brian Doyle— In 1999, the complex was reopened away from the old MGM site, so the publicist on the original Star by H.R.H. The Prince of Wales and remains one of the U.K.’s history is going around in a circle. Wars—invited him to the set of A top production facilities. I can’t think of anywhere outside New Hope to write an article on the of Hollywood or Los Angeles where making of the film. “I said to him, you’ve ever had six studios in ‘Science-fiction? That’s a bit dead one place.” isn’t it?’” Welsh remembers.

STAR WARS INSIDER / 35 05

“I thought it had gone out of favor, Welsh. “He could walk from the 06 like Westerns. When I came down editing room to the set, and he had for the piece, I even told George control over most of the facility. Lucas I thought the film was going And because A New Hope was to flop because there was no market such a success, I think it became for it. I put my hands up, I didn’t something of a lucky charm for see it, because most of the crew him, which is why he shot the were grumbling about sequels here. People what a load of rubbish started calling it it was, and of course “People started ‘Lucaswood’ instead I hadn’t seen what calling it of Borehamwood. would happen with It sort of became the special effects and ‘Lucaswood’ his hometown.” the soundtrack. Then instead of the film became this Imperial huge mega-hit, which Borehamwood. Recruits 07 astounded me.” Renamed Thorn-EMI In spite of the well- It became his Studios in 1979, the documented financial hometown.” following decade pressures that dogged saw an upswing in production of A New Paul Welsh, Elstree Studios production, but the Hope, when it came Heritage Consultant economics of the time to book studio industry had changed space for the sequel, there was a great deal since the studio’s no competition. heyday in the 1950s and 60s. “I think Lucas enjoyed the Whereas once the studio had been compactness of Elstree compared to staffed with full-time craftspeople, somewhere like Universal Studios technicians, electricians, prop in Hollywood. That’s 600 acres, builders and more, there were whereas Elstree was 24 acres,” says now only around 80 employees,

36 / STAR WARS INSIDER WELCOME TO LUCASWOOD

08 05 Producer Gary Kurtz inspects the carbon freezing chamber set.

06 The view from the main gate at Elstree Studios.

07 Three new stages were built in the 1960s for TV production.

08 The vast George Lucas Stage.

09 Carrie Fisher tries life behind the camera lens.

has fond memories of how life at the studio became a clash between the everyday and the far, far away. “At lunchtime it was kind of crazy in the bar and the canteen,” he laughs. “You would see all sorts, still in their costumes, come running in—from Kenny Baker (R2-D2) and the other droid actors to stormtroopers and everything else in between. Many of us, including a few of the lead actors, would go out into the high street of covering roles largely unrelated to commercials, which eventually led Borehamwood to get some food or filmmaking itself. Each incoming to the adventure of The Empire drinks. There was also a cafe nearby production brought with it Strikes Back,” Harrington recalls. that Mark Hamill discovered, freelancer production staff, and “Originally, I was only meant to and he was very fond of going in The Empire Strikes Back was no be on the film for a few days, but there for lunch or a coffee. You exception, increasing the number luckily I was kept onboard for the could find him in there almost of people on site into the hundreds. whole production. I mainly worked any morning before he was called “Some days were very big, and on the second unit, which George to set. Somehow, he managed there were easily 200 men and Lucas directed on some days. I to avoid the fans, but of course women on the cast and crew,” says remember I had to hand him a this was long before the internet! Derek Harrington, who worked as written message once. I was scared Harrison Ford liked hanging out in a third assistant director on the to do it but I needn’t have been, as the carpenter’s workshop. He loved movie—a junior role that involved he was very friendly. The first time I carpentry, so he was often to be serving as an on-set messenger, met Irvin Kershner was outside the found there, speaking to the crew.” assisting the first and second Star Wars stage, as it was known. It As with A New Hope, the assistant directors, and corralling was quite early in the morning and production of The Empire Strikes extras. “I started as a runner and I was rounding up a whole bunch Back took over the entire studio, general trainee in Wardour Street, of stormtroopers for a scene, and and Harrington’s job allowed him in Soho, London, which was the I recall we started speaking about access to all areas. “I was lucky very center of the British film health food, which he was really in that I would get to go around industry at the time. I eventually into. He was a lovely man.” all of the different workshops to went freelance as a third assistant Harrington, who still works in distribute the daily call sheets, or and first assistant director in the industry as a location manager, escort someone to whatever set

STAR WARS INSIDER / 37 WELCOME TO LUCASWOOD

they had to be on, so I saw a lot 10 of the film as it was being made,” he recalls. “I remember seeing an X-wing fighter for the first time and being amazed that it was all just built out of wood! I was also the first ever crewmember at the studio to see Yoda, because I was the one who happened to open up the stage the morning he arrived. He’d been kept in total secrecy until then. Now that is a memory I will never forget.”

Community Reach Although Elstree Studios is now half the size that it was when The Empire Strikes Back was made (see sidebar), its remaining layout and buildings would still be familiar to anyone who worked on the movie. Beyond the front gate, the sixties- built administration block bears the studio’s name, beside which an avenue runs past stages 7, 8, and 9 towards the backlot, currently occupied by The Crown’s standing façade of Buckingham Palace, and the George Lucas Stage. As we marvel at the scale of the building, Welsh points out the vast, empty water tank where Moby Dick (1954) was ﬁlmed and mentions a special toilet block that was built nearby for the Ewok performers during production of Return of the Jedi. A row of trees separates the backlot from a line of suburban houses, and one wonders what their occupants must make of the exotic sets built just beyond their backyards.

11 12

10 Elstree’s stage 6 was built to accomodate huge sets like the Hoth rebel base.

11 Irvin Kershner directs Carrie Fisher (Princess Leia).

12 R2-D2 on the Dagobah swamp set.

38 / STAR WARS INSIDER WELCOME TO LUCASWOOD

“At lunchtime it was kind of crazy in the bar and the canteen. You would see all sorts, still in their costumes, come running in” Paul Harrington, Third Assistant Director

For almost a century, the studios Unusually, the studio has been might forget their home town’s of Borehamwood have been at the in public ownership for more rich history. “A lot of people have heart of the British film industry. than two decades, supporting the moved into the area over the last Long before Star Wars set up shop, local community in many ways, 20 years, and of course, they have the studio was at the forefront including financially. “The great no memory whatsoever of the of pioneering developments in thing about Elstree being owned studios,” Walsh reflects. “All they filmmaking. The first British talkie, by the council is that it pays them know Elstree for is EastEnders and Blackmail (1929), was directed by back the equivalent of nearly 20 Strictly Come Dancing [known in Alfred Hitchcock here. The first percent of the rates bill for local the U.S. as Dancing with the Stars]. color film was shot at the studio, residents across the borough every They wouldn’t know that The Dam as was the first British musical, year,” says Welsh, proud of this Busters (1954) and Murder on the and the first bilingual film. “The mutually supportive connection Orient Express (1974) were filmed first French talking film was shot between the studio and the here. If they’re under 50, they here, because they didn’t have town that surrounds it. However, probably wouldn’t realize that the facilities in France to do it,” Borehamwood has changed a Star Wars was made here.” says Welsh. “This place was really great deal during this time, and Not if anything to say about history-making.” he worries that future residents it, we have!

STAR WARS INSIDER / 39 GIVEAWAY

Two sets to give away!

The Great Bespin Bake-Off! May the forks (or more accurately, the spatulas) be with you.

Ever fancied becoming the next Dexter Darth Vader, a stormtrooper, and Jedi What tasty morsels did Jabba the Jettster and opening your own dessert Master Yoda. With its seamless, non- Hutt like to snack on in his throne diner, or challenging Aunt Beru to stick surface, the Star Wars rolling pin room? a bake-off under the oven-like rays has a screen-printed design featuring a of Tatooine’s twin suns? Then this galaxy of characters and vehicles, while A) Kermitooine swamp gecko issue’s fantastic prize giveaway is for the Darth Vader baking mat is ideal for B) Klatooine paddy frog you! Prepare to take control of your both baking and roasting. Command C) Kleptomanian pilfer toad homestead’s kitchen with a collection your worksurfaces with the Darth Vader of Star Wars-themed baking implements, lightsaber silicone spatula, or Force-flip Send your answer to our regular email courtesy of our friends at W&P. food like a Jedi with the Luke Skywalker or postal address (see ‘Contact Us’ on W&P’s mission is to create kitchen lightsaber spatula—the ultimate weapon page 3), marked “BESPIN BAKE-OFF” by essentials that empower you to live your for your baking rebellion! October 6, 2020. best life, keep up, and carry you through We have two sets of W&P Star Wars your day. Fulfill your destiny every time baking essentials to give away, so to Terms and conditions are available you bake with a set of special edition be in with a chance of winning a set at titanmagazines.com Star Wars cookie cutters, based on four just send us the correct answer to the iconic characters including C-3PO, following Star Wars trivia question: May the Force be with you! www.wandpdesign.com © and TM 2020 Lucasfilm Ltd. All Rights Reserved.

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Understanding the techniques of composition employed by John Williams in his monumental scores for the Star Wars saga.

WORDS: SAM WATTS

ou can’t think to write a piece of music for each signal for evil, power, or danger, of Star Wars scene, but to write a score that it’s often used when characters without hearing follows the story of the entire film, mention the dark side of the Force. Y John Williams’ often accomplished by writing In its full version, Williams uses music. From themes that can be rearranged strings, horns, and timpani playing the epic main to lend any scene an entirely towards the bottom of their ranges titles to the lush romanticism of different resonance. With his for a weighty, sinister sound. The Han and Leia’s theme, each track ability to interpret a film and subtly piece is in a minor key to enhance conjures a character, a relationship, maneuver the audience through a its darkness, and Williams adds a or a scene in our minds. The aim story’s twists and turns, Williams is clashing A into the chord of E flat of film music is to enhance the a master of his art. Here, we look at minor, resulting in an unpleasant, storytelling. The challenge for any how these pieces of music actually dissonant sound. Because we’re not composer, therefore, is not simply work, and why we feel the way we expecting to hear it, this dissonance do when we hear them. creates tension. He uses a traditional chord progression but raises the Marching On middle two chords by a semitone, In the 40th anniversary year of giving us the tritone known as the Star Wars: The Empire Strikes Back “Devil’s chord,” which adds to the (1980), what better theme to begin music a sense of unease and epoch- with than the “Imperial March making impact, reflecting the dark, (Darth Vader’s Theme)”? Initially, distorted vision of Vader and the it’s a theme introducing the Imperial Empire. Rhythmically, Williams fleet, but over time it belongs emphasizes strong beats and uses more and more to Darth Vader. A fast triplets in the accompaniment

42 / STAR WARS INSIDER to give the piece a military feel. These rhythms also add a sense of momentum—the unstoppable nature of the Empire. Finally, the melody emphasizes the minor key and generally moves in a downward direction, quite literally oppressing us, just like the Empire. “The Imperial March” is used throughout Star Wars: Return of the Jedi (1983) as a dark, scary representation of Vader’s power, until his death scene where Williams turns the theme on its head and uses it to make us feel Luke’s sorrow. As Luke removes Vader’s mask, the theme—now in a major key—signifies a son losing a father. Here, Williams opens with violins playing harmonics (a glassy, fragile sound) accompanied by a falling harp pattern. This orchestration reflects Vader’s fragile state. Williams then plays the theme on flutes and clarinets for a warmer, softer tone. Vader dies as Anakin Skywalker, a good man, as indicated by the statement of the melody played, again in the major key, by a horn (Williams’ instrument of choice for heroes). Finally, Williams gives us a lament for Luke’s loss with a harp playing a gentle, major version of the melody. All of these techniques emphasize the sadness of these two characters using a theme originally written to represent power and danger. A section of the “Imperial March” is also present in the sweet, warm theme used for Anakin Skywalker in Star Wars: The 01 Phantom Menace (1999), Attack of the Clones (2002), and Revenge of the Sith (2005). Williams uses it to hint at Anakin’s fate; the melody’s rhythmic pattern echoes that of “The Imperial March,” subtly using a version of the triad pattern of the melody in the middle of “Anakin’s 01 “The Imperial March” is a Theme”. He only directly quotes piece of music it—and albeit only to those viewers synonymous willing to stay until the very end— with Darth Vader. in the end-credits arrangement of 02 In The Phantom “Anakin’s Theme,” hinting at what Menace (1999), “Anakin’s Theme” is to come. This is a great example of hints at the young how powerful Williams’ themes 02 slave boy’s fate.

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are. Once Anakin pledges 03 The maestro himself to Palpatine’s teachings at work: John Williams in Revenge of the Sith, his conducts theme is replaced entirely by the London Symphony the “Imperial March” and Orchestra. Vader is born. In the sequel trilogy, Kylo 04 The pliable Force theme Ren’s theme is also subtly is used to based on the “Imperial March.” offer mystical Williams rearranges a few moments or emotional of the notes to create a new punches, theme while using similar from Luke’s first lesson in orchestration. “I approached the Force... the task of Kylo Ren really as an extension of Darth Vader,” 05 ...to his sense of desolation Williams confirmed in The at the murder Force Awakens (2015) DVD The of his aunt Seventh Symphony featurette. and uncle. “If it could convey in a few short notes, as the ‘Imperial March’ does, this evil power, strength, threat—it needs to be something that will hit you and is accessible right away,” 03 he said. In this way, Williams hints at Ben Solo’s lineage before the audience is made aware of it drama, fear, elation, and clarity. through dialogue. Interestingly, the There’s so much going on: a Jedi/ first four notes of Kylo Ren’s theme Sith lightsaber duel, Anakin are the final four notes of “The accidentally piloting a Naboo Emperor’s Theme”—a way fighter, a droid battle with the for Williams to tie all three of the Gungans, and Naboo forces characters together. retaking the palace. Confusion seems almost inevitable, but The Leitmotif Side Williams integrates the battle The “Imperial March” is just one theme (“The Droid Invasion” on example of how Williams’ themes the soundtrack album), the Force help tell the story. He uses them theme, the main title, “Duel of the in full, in variation, and in short Fates,” and “Anakin’s Theme” to versions to plant ideas in the tie each element together. audience’s minds. The themes are Many of the themes are so often so cemented in the story familiar now that we need only to that they help us keep up with hear the first few notes and the rest location changes and a fast-moving plays out in our heads—something plot. “Duel of the Fates” is a great Williams uses to his advantage by example of this and a masterclass in offering us only snippets of themes 04 tying scenes together, keeping the to suggest moods and deeds. In The momentum going, and following Phantom Menace, for example, the emotional story. Themes add when Obi-Wan Kenobi and Qui-

44 / STAR WARS INSIDER VARIATIONS ON A THEME

Gon Jinn fight the droids on the Trade Federation blockade ship, we hear the first few notes of the “DON’T GET main theme played on trumpet, to TECHNICAL illustrate their valor. This technique of suggestion is one that Williams WITH ME!” employs continually throughout A GLOSSARY OF all nine films. MUSICAL TERMS The clever thing about Williams’ Arpeggio: The notes of a chord played in succession, thematic writing is that, although ascending or descending. each theme has a core meaning, Diminished: To flatten a note, its mood and message can change a note played a semitone below depending on the scene, the tempo, what is normally expected. or the way it is orchestrated. Many Dissonance: Clashing film composers use this technique, notes, a note not expected to be in a chord, tends to called leitmotif, but few reach sound unpleasant. Williams’ heights. Flat (b): Lower in pitch, down Take the Force theme, for by a semitone. example. It builds and rises to a Harmonics: Achieved by climax through three sections, then lightly touching the strings at a set interval to shift the falls to a resolution on the fourth, pitch higher. giving it a very emotive quality. Key: A scale made up of This makes the theme pliable; that seven notes which form the is, it can be manipulated to portray basis of a composition. different emotions. It represents Major: A key that tends to mysticism—the Force itself. It’s sound happy, light, or bright. there when Qui-Gon explains Minor: A key that tends to sound sad, dark, or scary. the Force to Anakin Skywalker Orchestration: How in The Phantom Menace, and instrument are combined when Obi-Wan explains it to Luke to produce different sounds Skywalker in A New Hope (1977). and emotions. In these cases, Williams uses the Semitone: A half note warmth of woodwind or horns to or half step. play the melody and orchestrates Staccato: A short and separated note. it with tremolo strings and harp Suspension: To hold a note accompaniment, giving it a while the harmony changes, thoughtful and reflective feel. But it creating a dissonance also signifies heroism. In Attack of Syncopated/Syncopation: the Clones, as Anakin tries to save A shifting of the normal Padmé on the conveyor belt on beat accent. Geonosis, and again in The Last Jedi, Tritone: An interval of three adjacent whole tones, as Finn and Rose go to deactivate creating a dissonance of the First Order tracking device. historical importance. For this purpose, it is often played Triad: A group of three notes, stridently on brass, with a marching stacked vertically in thirds (example: C, E, G). staccato string and woodwind accompaniment. Although it is in a minor key, Williams cleverly moves it through a major chord for the to narrate a character’s internal end of the second section and the monologue, to tell us when one climax at the end of the third, to character is thinking of or has add a sense of hope. Nonetheless, influenced another. For example, throughout A New Hope the theme in The Force Awakens, as Finn goes unresolved until the rebels is running toward Kylo Ren’s have completed their mission. command shuttle to try to save Rey, Only then does Williams resolve we hear her theme—not because she the theme on the final cadence, is being taken, but because Finn is mirroring the characters’ joy. worried about her. Here, Williams Williams also uses themes plays the melody on lush strings

STAR WARS INSIDER / 45 VARIATIONS ON A THEME

for a romantic feel and accompanies it with pulsating brass chords and suspensions that add tension. The use of a character’s theme to reflect another’s feelings toward them is both brilliant and a useful storytelling tool. “Princess Leia’s Theme” is used to show her beauty and strength. Williams first uses a horn to play the melody, using its softer tones but hinting at her heroism. It is accompanied by high strings It’s at this point that Williams adds and beautiful, plays a version of 06 We first hear playing a shimmering chordal woodwind rising arpeggios and the rising pattern that lead us “Princess Leia’s Theme” as she texture that adds a delicacy syncopated brass chords to lend into the climax, accompanied by places her plea and femininity—characteristics boldness and a sense of momentum. delicate tremolo strings and one for help inside emphasized as the melody moves Variations in the melody and its final cadence landing on a wide R2-D2. onto the flute (another warm, rhythms move ever upward while chord of E, softly played with a 07 Her theme takes breathy sound) as the harp plays the bass line moves downward. Both final arpeggio on the harp. By on a rousing new resonance in gentle arpeggios. Finally, a lush pull us toward the climax of the starting the theme in a gentle D The Last Jedi arrangement for the full orchestra— piece, and we land on a strident B major, constantly rising through (2017). soaring violins playing the melody; major chord full of powerful brass: the piece, and ending (one key 08 “Rey’s Theme” violas, cellos, and harp playing Leia, leader of the rebellion! And up and as delicately as ever) in suggests arpeggios; a suspended horn we’re still not finished; Williams has E major, Williams encapsulates heroism and pattern—creates a romantic feel. one more refrain. A solo violin, soft Leia’s character and her journey. resilience but it hides a Like many others, Leia’s connection theme serves multiple purposes. to darkness. 06 It indicates Luke’s worry and 09 The sinister love for her. It represents her theme of love for her son, for Rey, and for Emperor Palpatine the Rebel Alliance. And, in The has sonic links Last Jedi, a version with tense with Supreme strings and a piano playing just Leader Snoke. the melody emphasizes our loss when we think she has been killed. Then, as Leia uses the Force to propel herself back to safety, we hear the Force theme and a magical, mystical version of Leia’s theme that fills us with joy and hope. In the sequel trilogy, “Rey’s Theme” is a great example of Williams’ ability to use themes in varying ways. It’s gentle yet strong, qualities created by warm flutes playing a bouncing pattern and 07 a melody played on soft horns. The woodwind countermelody adds to the sense of adventure. These multiple qualities allow Williams to use “Rey’s Theme” to showcase her compassion, her bravery, to add excitement or to show her concern. Intruigingly, the opening flute pattern and the theme’s melody use notes from “The Emperor,” linking the two characters musically without making it at all obvious.

46 / STAR WARS INSIDER VARIATIONS ON A THEME

The Sound of Music In film scoring, creating textures or sounds can be just as effective as using a theme. Take the shower scene in Psycho (1960): Bernard Herrmann’s screeching violins put WHO us on edge not only by playing dissonances, but by the very nature IS SAM of being uncomfortably high- WATTS? pitched—a musical version of nails Sam Watts is a down a chalkboard. Similarly, a low, film and television composer best sustained note (or notes)—called a known for his drone—has been used throughout work on Planet film history to give a sense of dread Earth, The Sarah Jane Adventures and add tension to a scene. (a Doctor Who Williams uses similar spin-off), and techniques to add drama and Wizards vs Aliens. make connections. He cleverly After working with composer George uses the sounds in an orchestra to Fenton, he went on create links between characters. to work for clients For example “Snoke” and “The such as the BBC, HBO, and PBS. Emperor” use the idea of a low He also teaches drone and the same orchestral composition and palette to create a sense of orchestration for media at foreboding for both characters. ThinkSpace The Emperor’s slow melody moves Education and between closely spaced notes, has released a with a rhythm that stops and number of classical music albums. starts—features that highlight his terrifyingly cold and calculating

STAR WARS INSIDER / 47 VARIATIONS ON A THEME

10 The epic finale of The Rise of Skywalker (2019) includes many musical callbacks to past scores.

11 Williams’ scores thematically connect all nine episodes of the Skywalker saga seamlessly.

11 nature. Snoke’s melody relies heavily on the diminished fourth (an interval that for centuries has carried connotations of fear and death) to reflect his disfigured appearance. Both themes are orchestrated for low strings and male voices—auditory shorthand used to connect the Sith and his avatar and evoke the dark side. When using his themes to represent something heroic, such as the main titles, The Rebel Fanfare, or “Rey’s Theme,” for example, Williams plays those melodies on brass instruments, usually the trumpets or horns. Brass all over the place, and they work Williams is a master storyteller, instruments can produce a bright in whichever order you’ve seen using music to connect emotionally sound that lends itself to dashing, the three trilogies. If you see the with an audience. His scores for uplifting melodies. By combining original trilogy first, the prequel the Star Wars films are of such this with a quicker tempo, fast and sequel trilogies have lots of musical quality and integrity that woodwind and string patterns and callbacks. If you’re watching in they wouldn’t be out of place stabs, brass chords, and syncopated chronological order, they have ranked alongside the work of the rhythms, he can create a sense of lots of foreshadowing and hints greatest classical composers, but heroism and excitement with music of what’s to come. Either way, the no such composer ever enjoyed that drives forward. latest three movies call back to their the same opportunity to write nine Each individual Star Wars score predecessors, thus linking the entire epic film scores that seamlessly is peppered with elements and Skywalker saga musically. The nine interlock across 42 years of little bits taken from each of the scores, taken both individually and cinematic history! This historic others; as well as full and partial as a whole, show true command achievement cements Williams as statements of major themes, of leitmotif, and the relationship one of the greatest composers of there are nods to previous scores between music and picture. all time.

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BB-8 became a global megastar the instant the spherical droid rolled across the screen in the trailer for Star Wars: The Force Awakens (2015). Puppeteers Brian Herring and Dave Chapman reveal how they gave a metal ball such a vibrant personality, in the first part of our exclusive two-part interview with the astromech’s operators.

WORDS: MARK NEWBOLD

50 / STAR WARS INSIDER BEING BB-8

tar Wars Insider: You’ve both been professionally S engaged in Star Wars for more than half a decade now, but when did the saga first come into your lives, and how did it influence your later career choices? Brian Herring: I saw Star Wars: A New Hope (1977) in the December it came out in the U.K. My dad took my brother and I to the Harlow Odeon to see it, and it blew my mind. I was obsessed with the film until well into my teens. Rather than go to university when I was 18, I looked for work as an actor instead. My first job was in a touring pantomime, and when I wasn’t acting, I would do stage managing or a bit of stand- up comedy. I wound up having

STAR WARS INSIDER / 51 “We decided early on BB-8 was like a kid brother, or a small dog who wanted to be Rey’s friend.” Dave Chapman

an audition for a satirical TV series 01 Brian Herring Muppets, and knew then what and was chosen to be trained to called Spitting Image (1984-1996). propels BB-8 I wanted to do as a job when work at Henson doing Muppets across the They taught me how to operate the Jakku sands. I was older. I figured out how and puppets and monsters and puppets, and six weeks later I was Muppet characters were made, creatures. That was my entry into on television. They had me in for 02 Mark and I even made a few puppets the business. Hamill (Luke a couple of days a week as a trainee Skywalker) myself, but I quickly realized I puppeteer back in 1992, learning meets BB-8. was more of a performer than When the Star Wars sequel trilogy under some of the best puppeteers 03 BB-8 concept a maker. From the age of 11, was first announced, did you in Britain at the time, and I’ve been art by Jake I was writing to people saying, make it your business to get a a professional puppeteer ever since. Lunt Davies “I want to do this. Can you give job working on it? (2013). Dave Chapman: I saw Star Wars me some advice?” I even wrote BH: I remember I was chatting at the cinema when I was 5 years to Jim Henson saying I wanted about the industry to Neal Scanlan old, the same year I first saw the work at the company, and even (creature and special make-up though they wrote back to say I effects creative supervisor on 2015’s was too young, they did promise to Star Wars: The Force Awakens), and 02 keep my details on file. I said to him, “I need to find out I knew I couldn’t walk into who’s doing the creatures for Star that kind of job from school, so Wars and kick their door in,” and I went through drama college as Neal said, “Don’t do that, I like the a stage manager and worked in door where it is!” Neal hired me theater in London’s West End after to be puppetry consultant for The I graduated. Then, half a lifetime Force Awakens, and I was there for later, my mom left a message on 16 months, right through to the my answering machine telling me end of principal photography. the Jim Henson Company were I was initially working with auditioning for people to train to Paul Casey on the luggabeast be Muppet performers. It turned and the happabore, and then we out they really had kept my letter started getting designs for this on file. I went to the audition little thing called “snow globe,”

52 / STAR WARS INSIDER BEING BB-8 BB-8’S TOP THREE STOLEN SCENES Amid the drama and thrills of the Star Wars sequel trilogy, BB-8 was always ready, able, and willing to upstage his co-stars:

Casino Cash In! Mistaken for a slot machine by Canto Bight Casino patron Dobbu Scay (played by Mark Hamill), BB-8 uses his new cache of coins to incapacitate an entire security team before “liberating” a starship with the help of DJ.

Fixer Upper! BB-8 had to use his head— quite literally—to effect repairs to the weapons of Poe Dameron’s X-wing ﬁghter as the daring pilot took on a First Order 03 dreadnought single handedly.

Thumbs Up! “Josh Lee made a little puppet of For a robotic beach ball, BB-8 has Having decided to trust the droid, and I started to work heaps of personality. How did you Finn and reveal the secret with it to show J.J. Abrams (the go about creating that illusion? location of the Resistance DC: We did a lot of preparation. base to Rey, BB-8 returned director) what we could achieve.” Everything you saw on screen was his new friend’s grateful Brian Herring worked out long before it went gesture of approval with his before the camera. We shot stuff, own mechanical version of tried different things, and camera a thumbs up. tested everything, so by the time which eventually became BB-8. we got to shooting we knew BB-8 Josh Lee made a little puppet of very well. the droid, and I started to work BH: When we did our tests, we’d with it to show J.J. Abrams (the go away for a couple of days with It must be something like learning director) what we could achieve a video camera and film a few bits a dance routine. with half a ball on a ball. We shot and pieces, then Neal Scanlan would DC: It was, and what that gave us some test footage, and then the come and look at them and tell us was a base level, where we knew rest of the team got involved. Matt what he liked. what we could do and where we Denton started building things DC: When you’re working with could go. We looked at the scripts and programming them, Giles someone in tandem, you work so and thought about where a scene Hannigan and Jake Lunt Davies closely together that you don’t need would go, so we were always were designing, and then Neal to talk, so if a director says, “How meticulously rehearsed. There’s said, “I’m assuming you want about this?” and asks for something definitely a flexibility and freedom Dave to work on this?’ and I said, we’ve not prepared for, we can make within that, which I think is really ‘Oh yeah!” it happen instinctively. Regardless healthy. Sometimes J.J. Abrams or Dave had been working with us of whether I was working with Matt Rian Johnson would suggest trying on some research and development Denton or Brian, each of us knew something different. Sometimes for other stuff, but after that it what that movement vocabulary we’d riff a bit and run with it, but was Dave and me. We started our was and what BB-8 would do in any most things we wanted we looked at rehearsals, and the rest is history. given circumstance. beforehand because it’s cheaper

STAR WARS INSIDER / 53 BEING BB-8

to rehearse in a workshop than 04 Brian Herring control of the head on that one, and 05 it is to rehearse on set. with BB-8. I was off somewhere flashing lights BH: And we always rehearsed 05 Matt Denton and beeping. There was a bowling with the BB-8s that you actually prepares ball version; there was a “bomb- BB-8 for see on screen. a shot. drop” version with a mechanism in the head, which was the one So how many different 06 Brian audiences saw going up and down Herring’s versions of BB-8 were favorite BB-8 in the X-wings. And there was a created to bring him to life? scene in carrying version, which was seen BH: There were seven different The Force when Finn (John Boyega) loaded Awakens. versions of BB-8 on The Force BB-8 into the hatch on the Falcon. Awakens, each of which was 07 BB-8’s Then there was a close-up version high-wire act operated in a different way. There in The Force called the wiggler, which was fixed was the puppet version, which Awakens on a plate. We could either bury the was the one used the most on (2015). plate in sand or fix it to the floor of, The Force Awakens and The Rise 08 Rey adjusts say, the Millennium Falcon. That of Skywalker. It had rods at the BB-8’s aerial. had 359 degrees of movement on back, which gave me control of the body and the head. I controlled the body and the pitch, and roll the body and head while Dave ran control on the head so I could the lights. Industrial Light & Magic make it go left, right, forwards, and work on practically every BB-8 shot backwards on the body. I positioned apart from the wiggler, which was the head while Dave controlled the untouched. It’s the BB-8 that J.J. used eyeline, which was technically very throughout The Rise of Skywalker, difficult because he was watching which was very flattering for us. via a monitor. Between us we had to Between the first and the second make everything work. film Matt Denton and Josh Lee went There were two trike versions, away and developed the one that which had an axel that BB-8 spun everyone saw at the premieres, and on via a drive unit on the back. that joined the toolkit of BB-8 for Whenever the trikes come out, Matt The Last Jedi and appeared a couple Denton drove. Dave had complete of times in the movie. There was also a stunt version that was thrown 04 down the stairs on Canto Bight. Josh arranged parts of different BB-8s for when BB-8 is fixing the electronics in the back of Poe’s away on a mission, Rey finds a stray X-wing in The Last Jedi. There were dog, and looks after it until she four or five of us operating him gets it home. For example, when on that one. People don’t realize we were shooting the scene where that was a practical shot. When he Rey first finds BB-8 and he has the drops down and the camera follows bent aerial, she just takes it out of him, then his head turns around his head and BB-8 looks back up and pushes out, that was all done at her. After she puts it back into practically. The only thing that was place, he puts his head back down digital in that shot were the little again. We did that again in The spindles that came out. That’s part of Last Jedi, when she finally gets on the joy of it; people just don’t know the Falcon, and then at the end of how we did it. The Rise of Skywalker when Rey gets out of the X-wing and BB-8 In terms of BB-8’s personality, goes over to her, she does it again. I what were you aiming for? remember saying to Daisy, “Shall we DC: You always have to find the do the aerial thing again?” and she character. We decided early on BB-8 thought it would be lovely. It’s their was like a kid brother, or a small dog little bonding moment. You don’t who wanted to be Rey’s friend. program robots to do that. Very, BH: In my head, he was Poe very early on in the original trilogy Dameron’s dog. So you apply that C-3PO does a double take. You don’t to the story; Poe sends his dog program a droid to do a double take.

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What were your most challenging “The ‘thumbs up’ or memorable days with BB-8? BH: One thing we didn’t think we’d scene with Finn was a ever be able to do were the stairs in definite, definite high Maz Kanata’s castle. We tried it on point for me, because normal stairs, but his body was too big, it wouldn’t stop, it wouldn’t that was all done rest. We did a set walk through and I with the puppet.” said to our second assistant director, Brian Herring Joey Coughlin, “Do we really need to do these stairs?” and he said no. That was on a Monday. When we looked at the audience?” And he got onto the set on Wednesday, Joey was like, “No, it’s fine, it’s like he’s said, “J.J. wants you to come down saying, ‘Hey, look at me, I’m so a couple of these stairs,” so we had fast!’” To my great surprise it turned to quickly work it out. BB-8 doesn’t out to be the first shot of BB-8 from 07 like stairs so, if you look, what we the movie anyone got to see! did was I pushed the head forward BH: The ‘thumbs up’ scene with and Dave had BB-8 give a little look Finn was a definite, definite high left and right and check every single point for me, because that was all step as he goes down. Originally it done with the puppet. We shot was supposed to be just two or three it quite quickly. As he’s looking of the stairs, but then J.J. said, “Can backwards and forwards, left you go back a bit further?” People and right, Dave hit his eyelines assumed that when they saw BB-8 brilliantly and it just worked. We coming down those stairs it was had to make sure his body was in done digitally. But no, it was all the right place because ILM were shot practically. going to replace that panel and have DC: The very first shot that was ever a little blow torch pop out. When a 08 revealed of BB-8 was him “running” scene like that comes off right, and through the desert, which was then when it gets such a laugh in Brian pushing him through the the film, it’s lovely. desert at very high speeds, while I was strapped to the back of the Next Issue: camera car, looking at a monitor In part two of this exclusive and operating the head. I said to J.J. interview, Brian Herring and afterwards, “I kind of looked down Dave Chapman reveal the galaxy the lens. Do you want to do another of creatures they brought to life, one, because it kind of looks like I from porgs to Lady Proxima.

STAR WARS INSIDER / 55 Replaying Star Wars ™ Episode I: Racer Cinemagoers excited by the action-packed Boonta Eve Classic podrace in Star Wars: The Phantom Menace (1999) were keen to experience it for themselves. As luck would have it, LucasArts had already spotted the potential for transforming the sequence into a videogame, and Star Wars ™ Episode I: Racer was available to buy in stores on the film’s opening day.

With developer Aspyr bringing Racer to the Nintendo Switch system and PlayStation 4 this spring, Insider decided to fire up the N64 classic and take on Sebulba.

WORDS: TONY A. ROWE

nspired by exciting racing With plans to release the new game on N64 sequences from classic films and PC, the development team got going. After such as Ben Hur (1959) much experimentation, tinkering, and fine-tuning I and Grand Prix (1966), worthy of Anakin himself, they came up with George Lucas and his fellow Star Wars™ Episode I: Racer, a game of reckless movie-making magicians speed and tight controls. But there were technical at Industrial Light & Magic hurdles to overcome along the way, not least of were determined to reinvent their breakneck which was making their digital podracers obey thrills for Star Wars: The Phantom Menace, and the law of gravity! Despite efforts to simulate the young Anakin Skywalker’s podrace for freedom dynamics of two jet engines tethered to a floating across the Tatooine desert. At the same time, chariot, they were unable to make the cables that LucasArts were looking to produce a videogame joined them move realistically until project co- to tie-in to the much-anticipated movie, and a lead Eric Johnston turned to his household pets racing game sounded like the perfect fit. With in an effort to overcome the problem. Johnston Star Wars: Shadows of the Empire, released for transformed his daily dog-walking duties into the Nintendo 64 (N64) in 1996, the company a real-world podracing emulator. Tethering already had experience of crafting a game for himself with climbing ropes to his energetic the console, and the stage was set for what golden retrievers, Tangent and Abacus, Johnston would become one of the all-time classic hopped onto a skateboard and took off. As the Star Wars videogames. trio raced past cars on their way to the beach, NOWSPECIAL THIS IS EDITIONS PODRACING

Johnston analyzed how the ropes moved, and on Boost Mode overworks your engines for an used the results to put Racer on the right track. As additional 100-200 mph. At that speed, you don’t a reward for the pooches’ help, their names were even notice the blocky 3D landscape zipping by immortalized in the N64 game’s ultimate unlock as your knuckles turn white steering through this cheat code: RRTANGENTABACUS. dangerous track at full throttle. Within a year of Racer’s initial launch, the team What’s more, the game doesn’t restrict itself to had ported the game to Macintosh computers and countless spins around the Tatooine track, adding Dreamcast consoles. Japanese studio Pax Softnica GAME a host of interplanetary races taking in many also developed a version for Game Boy Color, with other exotic locations. You can soar across sky a battery-powered rumble feature built into the ON bridges high in the atmosphere of the gas giant game cartridge. Star Wars™ Episode I: Racer for ● The Nintendo 64 Ord Ibanna, or speed across lakes of methane gas console was first Windows recently became available again through on Sebulba’s home world of Malastare. Or perhaps released in 1996, digital game distribution services, and an official with 32.93 million you would rather dive down through underwater 20th anniversary cartridge for the N64 is on its units eventually tunnels to the sunken Old City on the water world way from Limited Run Games. being sold around Aquilaris. There are dynamic hazards aplenty, like the world before the How does the original N64 version stand up device was retired meteors, groundquakes, and lumbering mining today, played on a console with only a fraction of in 2002. vehicles to keep players on their toes as they wind the processing power of modern game systems? their way through imaginatively mapped courses. Incredibly well, thanks to the two-word mantra The bite-sized tracks of the Amateur tournament the development team stuck to when they built circuit are a good introduction to these varied the game: “Go fast!” 01 The view from your environments, but the course designers truly hit podracer cockpit. their stride in the Semi-Pro circuit. The lengthy Beyond Boonta Eve 02 Each race opened courses of the Galactic tournament will challenge There are no story modes, side missions, or puzzles with a scene-setting a player’s endurance, and the opponents here are animation. in Racer to distract from the experience of being hard to beat. in a Star Wars racing tournament. Even choosing 03 Actor Greg Proops The tournaments can be played in any a pilot and tournament track uses a 3D interface (Fode in The Phantom order and completing each one unlocks special Menace) voiced the that resembles a holoprojector in a Tatooine commentator. Invitational courses for the ultimate test of a cantina. And there are no typical videogame racer’s skill. Finally, the Boonta Eve Classic level 04 The game began with conventions, either, like floating power-ups or a cut-scene recreating at the end of the Galactic circuit follows the course speed-boost panels. The player has to actually slow the movie podrace. as seen in the film, adding a few surprises so down to manually repair a broken engine instead that things aren’t too familiar. After the opening 05 Detailed textures of gliding over a flashing wrench icon. compensated for stretch, a winding tunnel to the right bypasses On the first level, players careen through blocky graphics. the longer canyon routes through Waldo Flats. Beggar’s Canyon at 600 mph or more on the Mos Leap the great crevasse at Ebe Crater Valley, then 06 Purchasing a pit droid Espa training course. Once at top speed, switching could help you win. thread the stone needle in Beggar’s Canyon. But be sure to pick up speed to launch over the Great Pit of Carkoon or your podracer will be lunch for 01 the Sarlacc. More hazards follow as explosions rip through Canyon Dune Turn, where Tusken Raiders take potshots at racers. And be sure to steer clear of the sandcrawler driving into traffic in the final canyon before you lay on the speed across the Hutt Flats to the Mos Espa Arena finish line.

Highway Maintenance After each race, players return to the hangar bay so they can select a different pilot, inspect their vehicle, or go shopping for new upgrades in Watto’s shop. If you don’t have enough cash to afford his prices, you might have better luck digging through his junkyard where you might ﬁnd a few used and damaged parts selling at discount prices. These are cheap but will eventually have to be replaced, unless you purchase a full complement of four pit droids to maintain and repair your vehicle. The capabilities of each podracer are rated by statistics covering turning, acceleration, and top

58 / STAR WARS INSIDER NOWSPECIAL THIS IS EDITIONS PODRACING

02 03

FAST FACTS ● Winning a ﬁrst- place trophy in the Boonta Eve Classic unlocks Sebulba’s unique podracer, the only one with a secret weapon. Double-tap the R button to blast passing racers with a ﬂame projector!

● Hold down the Z button while starting a tournament race and watch your pilot trash talk with the track favorite.

● Two secret pilot characters—Cy Yunga and Jinn Reeso—were named after LucasArts 3D 05 06 artists Clint Young and Jim Rice.

speed, and each can be improved by purchasing defeat Sebulba and collect the bounty on the dug’s ● Republic credits upgrades as you progress through the game. Better head. Meanwhile, Mars Guo flirts with Sebulba’s are of little value in the Outer Rim cooling keeps overworked engines from catching masseuse, who just so happens to be Teemto Territories, so all fire in Boost Mode, while air brakes help to slow a Pagalies’ secret crush. transactions and vehicle down, and an enhanced repair system will Packed with storytelling, Easter eggs, humor, prizes are paid in help a vehicle recover from damage faster. and genuinely immersive graphics, the game the Hutt currency of truguts. More pilots are unlocked as your career goes offers something for everyone to enjoy. It may from strength to strength, and the player starts to be more than 20 years since Star Wars™ Episode ● During the results discover the motivations and personalities of the I: Racer was first released, but with the Nintendo screen after each race, Watto hums lesser-known racers, some of whom you can spot Switch and PlayStation 4 versions coming soon, the Cantina Band in the movie. Elan Mak seeks revenge on Aldar there’s definitely no reason not to head down tune from Star Wars: Beedo, a Glymphid from the planet Ploo II who to the starting line to experience its retro racing A New Hope (1977). assassinated Mak’s father. Beedo, in turn, looks to delights for yourself.

STAR WARS INSIDER / 59 In the second part of our conversation with Rob Coleman, the animation supervisor on the prequel trilogy, we discuss the trials, tribulations, and triumphs of bringing Star Wars: The Phantom Menace (1999), Star Wars: Attack of the Clones (2002), and Star Wars: Revenge of the Sith (2005) to the big screen. From troublesome Gungans to legendary Jedi Masters and that memorable lightsaber duel, the animation maestro reflects on his time in the galaxy far, far away.

WORDS: BRYAN YOUNG

60 / STAR WARS INSIDER STAR WARS INSIDER / 61 INTERVIEW: ROB COLEMAN

01 tar Wars Insider : One of the most talked-about S characters in The Phantom Menace was Jar Jar Binks. How did you feel about the reception he received? Rob Coleman: I remember George Lucas saying to me, “Jar Jar is for the youngest members of the audience, the new kids for whom this will be their first Star Wars film.” He created the character specifically for them. George was completely committed to Jar Jar and I was completely committed to George. I was working for George Lucas on a Star Wars film, so who was I to question him? But when I went to New York City for the film’s premiere to represent Industrial Light & Magic at the international press junket, it started to dawn on me that the press were not favoring Jar Jar. Reviewer after reviewer came in, and a lot of them were very negative about him, which honestly left me feeling kind of down. The following day, I flew back to California with George. I was sitting up in the front and he 02 was sitting at the back of the plane with his publicist [Lynne Hale] and a huge stack of reviews. I was looking kind of glum, and George beckoned me over. He said, “What’s the matter? You look really upset.” I said, “The reviewers just hated our work,” to which he replied, “Whoa, whoa, whoa. What you need to know is that not one reviewer said Jar Jar doesn’t look real. They didn’t say he was badly animated; they didn’t say he looked fake; they just don’t like the character. I didn’t make that character for them—I made it for all the kids around the world. You should be incredibly proud. “I could put you at a table in any mall in America,” he continued, “with a sign saying you were the guy who made Jar Jar Binks, and there would be lines of kids queuing to get your autograph.” I said, “Aw, George, that’s not true,” but years later, I was asked to go to one of the Star Wars Weekends 03

62 / STAR WARS INSIDER INTERVIEW: ROB COLEMAN

“I remember George Lucas saying to me, ‘Jar Jar is for the youngest members of the audience, the new kids for whom this will be their first Star Wars film.’ He created the character specifically for them.”

and Ewan McGregor (Obi-Wan but I asked them not to video the Kenobi) hit it off immediately. presentation because I was really There was great chemistry between nervous about his reaction. They them. Ronald walked with a bit of promised that they wouldn’t and a limp, which I thought would be hung back, but unbeknownst perfect for a diner cook—someone to me, they shot it anyway, and who was on their feet all day—as I am so happy because it was his back would be sore. Ronald an important milestone. The groaned as he slid into the booth, presentation went well, George so we incorporated that into our could see the potential in what we animation too. It’s always great had animated and he decided that when you find such idiosyncrasies Yoda would be fully animated for as they help to give the animated all of Attack of the Clones. Fans can characters personality. even watch that presentation in at Disney World in Florida, 01 An animation the documentary, Star Wars From and sure enough, hundreds test from On the subject of idiosyncrasies, Puppets to Pixels: Digital Characters The Phantom of people lined up and told Menace how did you make the transition in Episode II. me how much they loved the (1999) from physical puppet to a digital character. It turns out he was 02 The stages Yoda for Attack of the Clones? Once you got the go-ahead right! I truly loved working of animating I didn’t tell George Lucas I was to fully animate him, what with him. digital Yoda: doing it, but I had Geoff Campbell, challenges did Yoda present? wireframe to basic render our modeling supervisor, sculpt a One aspect of Yoda which I noticed Attack of the Clones offered a and the digital Yoda that was rigged with immediately was the wiggle in whole new set of challenges. final shot. all of the facial controls necessary the tips of his ears. We replicated Was there a character that 03 Dexter for us to match our animated that movement and added it stood out for you? Jettster version with a number of verbal to our animation. Later, when (Ronald I was always fond of Dexter Falk), in and non-verbal Yoda shots from I showed the early animation Jettster. I liked his design and Attack of Star Wars: The Empire Strikes Back to Yoda puppeteer/actor Frank his character, but it wasn’t until the Clones (1980). As a digital character we Oz, he pointed the ears out and (2002). I met Ronald Falk, Dex’s voice could have introduced more range, asked, “Why did you put that actor, that I knew how we were but it wouldn’t have looked like movement in?” When I replied, going to animate him. Yoda—and for me, the key was in “Well, because it is in your original For all the scenes with animated honoring how the original Yoda work,” he explained that he had characters, we would run through puppet moved. never intended for that wiggle to each of them with the on-screen Once I was happy with what be there—it had happened because actors and the voice actors. This the animators had achieved, I his arm was tired, and his hand was helped us figure out eye lines, booked time to present these shaking. So, I took the wiggle out interaction, and would provide proof-of-concept shots to George. of the animation and we replayed footage that could be cut into the The documentary unit heard I it. Immediately, it no longer looked edit prior to the commencement was going to be presenting these like Yoda; the wiggle in the ears was of animation. As I watched from shots on the third floor of the part of his character, it helped make behind the camera, I saw that Falk Main House at Skywalker Ranch, him look old. When I put the ear

STAR WARS INSIDER / 63 INTERVIEW: ROB COLEMAN

wiggles back in, Frank joked, “You even copied my mistakes!” “As a digital character we could

Of course, Yoda went on to do have introduced more range, a lot more than wiggle his ears in Attack of the Clones, in the but it wouldn’t have looked like memorable duel between the Jedi Master and Count Dooku… Yoda—and for me, the key was in The only time I ever saw George nervous was when we were in honoring how the puppet moved.” Sydney shooting the Count Dooku fight. Poor Christopher Lee couldn’t move very quickly, and George was deeply concerned that incredibly helpful to me as he to tree. Once I saw that, I had a 04 Yoda (Frank it wasn’t going to work. He’d been prepared to choreograph the fight clear picture in my mind of how Oz) versus Count Dooku waiting a very long time to see between Count Dooku and Yoda. we would animate Yoda. (Christopher Yoda fight, so he didn’t want the We talked about styles of fighting, Lee) in Attack of fight to appear silly and we didn’t the reality of the size difference What did you learn from the Clones. want the audience to laugh. We between Yoda and his former that ﬁght that you were able wanted them to take it seriously— Padawan, and how the two of to apply to the Yoda versus 05 Yoda’s tense expression in even though it was clear that Yoda them might fight. I remember we Palpatine bout in Revenge this shot was going to have to leap around in studied a lot of martial arts films. of the Sith? was based order to battle with Dooku. Ben Burtt, the film’s editor, cut That creative process showed on footage of Coleman We knew that Yoda had taught together footage from Crouching us that we could convincingly hanging from generations of Jedi and as a Grand Tiger, Hidden Dragon (2000) as move Yoda through very a fire escape. Master of the Jedi Order he was inspiration for us. I remember being complicated actions and 06 Animators highly skilled with a lightsaber. introduced to Swordsman II (1992), movements. That gave us studied Nick Gillard, the stunt coordinator where in a nighttime forest fight more freedom for the Palpatine military footage to for Attack of the Clones, was characters were leaping from tree fight. I recall one shot where add realism Yoda is holding on by his to the clone fingernails just prior to falling. troopers’ movements. 04 Tim Harrington was animating it and we both felt we needed to see a more pained expression on Yoda’s face, so we went outside, and I hung from a fire escape by my fingers. Tim videoed my face expressing real pain as I hung there. When we studied the video, we identified micro-movements in my face, small winces that I wasn’t aware I was making. Tim added those into Yoda’s facial animation, and he found the expressions we were looking for. Since then, I’ve 05 referred to that process as “method animation,” which is getting up from one’s animation desk and acting out the shot or the actions so that one can feel what the character is experiencing.

You spoke previously about animating the Gungan army (see Insider 196). Were the clones an even bigger problem? The challenge was the scale and scope; more characters; more shots; and more complicated

64 / STAR WARS INSIDER INTERVIEW: ROB COLEMAN

action. There were no clones in costume. Most of their movements “I wanted the action scenes to were motion captured with only the most dangerous or difficult have more weight, and certainly actions key-frame animated. I remember for Attack of the George wanted the scale and Clones, Jeff Light, our motion capture supervisor, held casting sheer number of clones and sessions to identify people at ILM who had the skill to be our motion droids to go way beyond what capture actors. When George saw some of our early clones, he we’d seen in previous movies.” encouraged us to study movies with real soldiers, and I remember watching Black Hawk Down (2001) to see how the soldiers moved team to create more believable also gotten easier though, because in small groups and how they acting in digital characters. For by that point I had a really good signaled one another. the Battle of Utapau, Jeff Light working relationship with George. For Revenge of the Sith, I wanted hired an ex-Navy Seal to come to I knew what he liked and wanted. the action scenes to have more ILM in order to motion capture I also had a large number of weight, and certainly George him. The Seal performed many returning animators with tools we wanted the scale and sheer number tactical actions—shooting, had been developing for years. So, of clones and droids to go way running, fighting, and rappelling while the reoccurring question on beyond what we’d seen in previous down through a sinkhole—which The Phantom Menace was always, movies. One never wants to do the raised the quality of the clone “Can we get the movie done?” that same work film after film, so I was movements. They finally felt like was never a concern on Revenge of pushing myself and the animation real, trained, soldiers. Things had the Sith.

STAR WARS INSIDER / 65 SPECIALAGE OF EDITIONSEMPIRE

VERUM QUID SIT IN VIA LACTEA 21 may 1980 First reactions to the original Star Wars sequel

Today, it is a universally accepted truth that Star Wars: The Empire Strikes Back (1980) is the preeminent sequel of all sequels. However, 40 years ago the initial reaction of “the critics” was a mixed bag. As for the fans—the movie was the spark that lit the flame of the Star Wars theory machine that continues to thrive. Insider investigates what people of the day had to say about this new chapter in the Star Wars saga.

WITH SPECIAL THANKS TO S TA R WARS BIBLIOGRAPHER BOB MILLER AND LUCASFILM’S PETE VILMUR FOR HELPING TO LOCATE THE VINTAGE FANZINES REFERENCED HERE.

WORDS: KRISTIN BAVER

orty years ago, The Empire Strikes Back opened to box-ofﬁce glory and passionate praise from the legion of Star Wars aﬁcionados who had embraced 1977’s Star Wars: A New Hope just three years previously. It also launched the Fgrand tradition of fan speculation, as audiences were left wondering whether Darth Vader was lying, who the “other” was that Yoda had spoken of, and if it was a man or some creature beneath the battered helmet of Boba Fett! Critics, of course, proved to be a harder sell. The now much-beloved second installment in the Skywalker saga—and especially its cliff- hanger ending—had reviewers scratching their heads and fans debating while anxiously 01 The epic effects of the movie, including the AT-AT attack, drew universal critical approval.

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02 Mark Hamill returns as Jedi-in-training Luke Skywalker. awaiting 1983’s follow-up: the as-then-entitled Revenge of the Jedi. As we celebrate the milestone anniversary of Darth Vader’s twisted reveal, the onscreen debut of pint-sized Jedi Master Yoda, and the all-to-brief reunion of heroic trio Han Solo, Luke Skywalker, and Princess Leia, Insider’s dig into the print media archives is an evergreen reminder that everyone has an opinion, and that’s just fine.

A Crowded Playing Field The immense success of the original Star Wars 03 Just one example of the many Star Wars fanzines produced by fans around the globe. film inspired numerous similar cinematic science-fiction epics at the tail end of the 1970s, each hoping to mop up at the box office thanks “By far the most land a slamming blow, the general tone was to audiences’ renewed interest in the genre. imaginative almost of begrudging admiration for a film they This meant that The Empire Strikes Back not part of the Star seemingly couldn’t bring themselves to vilify. only had to compete with the reputation of its Wars trilogy, this “You will hear that this sequel to Star Wars predecessor but with a host of copycat fantasy middle, bridging is part of a vast new mythology,” wrote Judith movies as well. As the only true sequel to George film is chained Martin in The Washington Post Weekend Lucas’ innovative space opera, Empire faced a to an unresolved section, shortly after the film’s debut in May. threat that audiences might be fatigued by so plot and doesn’t “Its originator, George Lucas, has revealed that much cool space stuff hitting movie theaters in have the leaping, the two pictures are actually parts four and five quick succession. It was also in the target zone comic-book of a nine-part saga, as if audiences will someday for the laser-sharp eye of critics taking aim to hedonism of the receive the total the way devotees now go to pick the follow-up apart. While some attempted 1977 Star Wars, Seattle for a week of immersion in Wagner’s to find the movie’s thermal exhaust port and but you can feel complete Ring Cycle. Nonsense. This is no the love of movie monumental artistic work, but a science-fiction magic that went movie done more snappily than most, including into its cascading its own predecessor.” Martin’s dismissive doubts imagery.” that the saga would have the longevity Lucas Pauline Kael had envisioned for his epic were somewhat The New Yorker. premature, as time has proven, but did she actually like the movie? “There are times when you would much rather have a really good hot dog than any steak, but you can still recognize that one is junk food and the other isn’t,”

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she expounded. “The total effect is fast and “The Empire attractive and occasionally amusing. Like a good Strikes Back is a hot dog, that’s something of an achievement.” worthy sequel to We’ll take that as a yes. Star Wars, equal The Hollywood Reporter provided a in both technical somewhat more pragmatic opinion, in a review mastery and published a full nine days ahead of the film’s characterization, general release. “It’s almost too much to expect suffering that a sequel can ever top the success of the only from the original, and I suspect that this will prove the familiarity case with The Empire Strikes Back,” wrote with the effects columnist Arthur Knight, before going on to generated in conclude, “Let’s put all doubts to rest right the original and now. While Empire doesn’t quite measure up imitated too much to Star Wars in the freshness and originality of by others… [The] its script—and the plethora of space operas that only box-office spirit and ingenuity at the film’s core. The“ have been jamming the screens ever since Star question is how Empire Strikes Back is not a truly terrible Wars has somewhat lessened the novelty of city- many earthly movie,” Vincent Canby wrote in The New York sized ships sailing the stratosphere—nevertheless trucks it will take Times that June, confessing to glancing at his this 20th Century-Fox release remains a rattling to carry the cash watch throughout the film. “It’s a nice movie. good entertainment, a worthy successor to the to the bank.” It’s not, by any means, as nice as Star Wars. It’s original, and far and away the best of its kind James Harwood not as fresh and funny and surprising and witty, since Star Wars itself.” Variety but it is nice and inoffensive and, in a way that Even journalists who criticized the middle no one associated with it need be ashamed of, chapter in the then unfinished original trilogy it’s also silly.” were hard-pressed to argue with the fanciful Getting Into Character Beyond the almost-to-be-expected critical fence- sitting regarding their overall opinion of the movie, the critics were keen to get into character detail, although The Hollywood Reporter’s confusion over who exactly was who makes for amusing reading. “Most of Luke Skywalker’s good advice comes from a fascinating green- hued character named Boba Fett (Jeremy Bulloch),” wrote Arthur Knight erroneously, leading us to wonder how much attention he was actually paying during the press screening? “I’m still not certain whether he’s a skillfully

04 In his review of the movie, Arthur Knight of The Hollywood Reporter confused green-skinned Yoda (left) with green-armored Boba Fett (right).

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06 Harrison Ford as space smuggler and scoundrel Han Solo.

pointy ears and his old-man’s frieze of wispy hair, is the hit of the movie,” wrote The New York Times’ Vincent Canby, before sharpening his critical knife to add, “But even he can be taken only in small doses, possibly because the lines of wisdom he must speak sound as if they should be sung to a tune by Jimmy Van Heusen.” Others were in awe of the green puppet. “Frank Oz is fascinating as sort of a guru for the Force,” James Harwood wrote in Variety. “How this dwarfish character was created and made to seem so real is a wonder, but it’s only one of many visual marvels.” 05 Poster art for the movie’s theatrical re-release by Tom Jung. Most early reviews commendably kept a lid on the film’s big twist that revealed the shock animated puppet or a real live human being,” connection between hero Luke Skywalker and Knight continued, adding, “Whichever, he’s the villainous Darth Vader. The Hollywood one of Lucas’ strongest assets in this Star Reporter made just one allusion to the big Wars incarnation.” moment: “Suffice it to say that it’s a twist Our critical friend at The Washington Post, straight out of Greek mythology,” wrote Arthur Judith Martin, appears not to be a big fan of Knight, adding, “[It] should serve Lucas well in hero Luke Skywalker. “It is hard to avoid the the episodes that lie ahead.” suspicion that Skywalker is dull-witted. For various reasons, he is hanging upside down Time to Discuss Things during most of this film and is always having to in a Committee be rescued by the others,” she wrote. “Skywalker In fan circles, especially on the pages of their is never called to account for having behaved fanzines—the handmade pamphlets that were unpleasantly to his guru before knowing who the snail-mail equivalent of internet forums he is—even to the extent of knocking food out back in the day—the faithful took to their of the hungry guru’s hand. How many religions typewriters to unspool plot theories in editions of any kind would tolerate a disciple’s having refused to share his food with his disguised spiritual leader?” Both writers were, of course, referring to Yoda, the Jedi Master played by Frank Oz who quickly became one of the saga’s most beloved characters. “It’s no wonder that Oz’s contribution, the rubbery little Yoda with the

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07 Among the earliest publicity images released from the movie was this shot of heroes Han Solo, Princess Leia, C-3PO, and Chewbacca. that began mailing out that summer and fall. “The Empire Largely magnanimous, the reviews, insights, and Strikes Back comes discussions were the equivalent of today’s social so loaded with media exchanges and fan meet-ups. ingenious effects “I think that The Empire Strikes Back is the and characters, best film I have ever seen,” Louise Stange wrote so filled with unequivocally in the July 1980 issue of Warped hairbreadth escapes from devilishly devised perils, and is played out against some spectacular settings (some real, some studio- Space. “The characters and their evolution since built) that only Star Wars is so evident: How Luke has matured the most churlish and his personal enrichment with the Force ticket-buyer could through Yoda; finding out that Han Solo isn’t complain that he in it just for the money, and has feelings after wasn’t getting his all; Darth Vader’s new importance to Luke’s very money’s worth.” existence (I think he is Luke’s father!); the new Arthur Knight speculations and unanswered questions that will The Hollywood have to wait until Chapter VI.” Reporter Writing in the October edition of U.K.-based fanzine Landspeeder, Doris Telford confirmed 08 Billy Dee Williams as Lando Calrissian. that, “The overwhelming opinion over here

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seems to be that The Empire Strikes Back is a much better film than Star Wars in all respects.” “I have only seen Empire twelve times and have trouble picking a favorite anything,” Cathy Czene of Detroit, Michigan, wrote in a letter to the Against the Sith fanzine in the fall of 1980. “The whole movie is good, and I am delighted that all the actors can really act. Everyone is so very expressive, and Mark Hamill is so very, very good.” In the same mailbag column, Nancy Patrick of Clune, Pennsylvania, raved, “I’d rate it an extremely gratifying 93%,” adding, “I love it, maybe not quite as much as the original or in the same way but, the Force help me, I love it!” For Brian Colter of San Diego, a truly balanced opinion on the movie would have to wait. “Actually, I don’t feel that judgment can be passed on The Empire Strikes Back until Chapter 3, The Revenge of the Jedi,” he wrote. We can only hope that holding fire proved worthwhile. And that the title change didn’t throw him. 09 Carrie Fisher as Princess Leia Organa Meanwhile, the dangling plot threads of the movie were like catnip to fans hanging on the edge of their theater seats. Many were keen to air theories, some of which were as fanciful as those found on a modern-day Reddit thread. “I think Boba Fett is a manifestation of the good side of Luke’s father,” Joe Rudich of St. Paul Park, Minnesota, declared in the fall edition upon the Force for revenge,” Cris Pinhero, age of fanzine Empire Review. Rudich went on to 17, of San Diego insisted in another letter. Why? postulate that Obi-Wan Kenobi could, in fact, “So [that] Luke would go to the dark side of be… the Emperor himself! “I’ve listened very the Force, not as though he was actually Luke’s closely, and the Emperor’s voice is very similar father.” That was a view shared by many fans, to that of Alex Guinness,” he wrote. unwilling to believe the Dark Lord could be As for Darth Vader’s big reveal, “The way telling the truth. Roll forward four decades and Vader put it made it sound as though he was you’d have been hard pressed to find anyone saying it just to make Luke mad enough to call without a theory on Rey’s parentage. Such speculation is a key part of the fun of Star Wars, then as now. Regardless of the critical column inches, rave reviews, and unsubstantiated fan theories generated by the film, The Empire Strikes Back endures to this day as one of pop culture’s finest second chapters, a story that expanded on the power of the Force, the nature of family, the meaning of love, and so much more, proving that we had truly only just taken our first steps into the larger world of Star Wars. Part of its charm was inherent in the spirit of the film’s storytelling: a rollicking romp through impossible odds, which was perhaps best summed up in James Harwood’s Variety review. “From the first burst of John Williams’ powerful score and the receding opening title crawl, we are back in pleasant surroundings and anxious for a good time,” Harwood wrote, “Walking through the front gate of Disneyland, where good and evil are never confused, and the 10 Concept poster art for Star Wars: The Empire Strikes Back (1980). righteous will always win.”

STAR WARS INSIDER / 71 CALRISSIAN CHRONICLES CALRISSIAN CHRONICLES: LANDO’S STORY

With stylish sophistication and roguish charm, Lando Calrissian captured the hearts of audiences the moment he swept onto cinema screens in Star Wars: The Empire Strikes Back (1980). Insider examines what motivates the character, and his role as an early figure of representation in the saga.

WORDS: TRICIA BARR

aron Landonis the Jedi (1983) era. More recently, Balthazar Lando has guest starred in episodes Calrissian III of the television show Star Wars B is quite a name Rebels (2014-2018), headlined to live up to, two Marvel Comics mini-series, It suggests and undertaken a host of new greatness, innate charisma, and adventures in the main Star Wars dramatic flair, so perhaps it was comic line. It was fitting that, inevitable that the man to whom following his prominent role in it was given grew up to become a Solo, the heroic sportsman-turned- pivotal figure in the history of the Cloud-City-administrator-turned Star Wars galaxy. general should return to play Following his appearance in a pivotal part in the defeat of The Empire Strikes Back, Lando Emperor Palpatine and the First Calrissian headlined a trilogy of Order in the concluding episode of novels written by L. Neill Smith the nine-part Skywalker saga, Star that boasted such lurid and Wars: The Rise of Skywalker (2019). evocative titles as Lando Calrissian More significantly, Lando’s and the Mindharp of Sharu, the introduction into the pantheon of Flamewind of Oseon, and the Star Wars characters came at a time Starcave of ThonBoka. Given when the original movie had faced the one-time smuggler’s penchant criticism for its lack of diversity in for documenting his own life and its lead roles. Introduced as Lando adventures in glorified detail, as Kadar in Leigh Brackett’s first draft witnessed in Solo: A Star Wars Story of The Empire Strikes Back, there (2018), it is somewhat fitting that had been several ideas for the these gloriously pulpy adventures character, including a smuggler now sit in the Legends category from the Wookiee home planet of Star Wars fiction, alongside his and a James Bond-type, but significant contribution to the Brackett settled on Lando as events of Timothy Zahn’s original a clone. In a People magazine Thrawn Trilogy and other stories interview promoting Empire, Billy set in the post-Star Wars: Return of Dee Williams—who was already

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a celebrated actor when he 01 Lando Strikes Back, it’s clear we should landed the part, having earned Calrissian be cautious about trusting him. (Billy Dee an Emmy nomination for his Williams) Described by Han Solo as a portrayal of Gale Sayers in and Han Solo “scoundrel,” Lando Calrissian is (Harrison Brian’s Song (1971), said that, Ford): Old presented as a morally ambiguous “The reason I was attracted to friends character—someone who could this role was because it wasn’t reunited. equally fix the Millennium Falcon written for a black person.” In 02 Lando’s and see Han, Leia, C-3PO, and 2001, Williams also told Star “betrayal” Chewbacca safely on their way, or Wars Insider that he felt the of Han was place them in abject peril. We get a pragmatic character had been successful choice based an indication the latter may be the because he avoided clichés. on necessity. case when the Falcon, having only Lando Calrissian was certainly 03 Young Lando just entered the thick atmosphere not a cinematic stereotype, but (Donald of Bespin, is greeted by warning whether it was the storyline, Glover) was fire from twin-pod cloud cars intent on the performer, or a combination building patrolling the airspace of Cloud of both that made that happen a legend. City. But our heroes are out of is hard to say. Nonetheless, options and must place their trust 04 The old Williams’ life experiences and warrior, in this “old friend.” Chewbacca creative success surely informed back in action chortles at a reminder of an old and fighting the ultra-slick character Han the First grievance, which Han brushes off Solo turns to for help as Order. with a casual, “Surely he’s forgotten the Empire closes in on the about that?” The audience is Millennium Falcon. therefore as wary as Han, as he strolls down the freighter’s ramp. “Lando’s not a The tension is upped when Lando 01 system. He’s a man.” appears with an armed security When audiences first hear about squad, his cape billowing in the Lando Calrissian in The Empire breeze, and he chides Han icily for having the nerve to show his face… before clasping Solo in a huge Baron Landonis embrace like a long-lost friend. Our expectations are immediately Balthazar Calrissian III is undermined and Lando’s warm welcome and friendly manner is quite a name to live up a huge relief after the drama that to. It suggests greatness, has dogged our heroes since the movie’s opening crawl. innate charisma, and The Empire Strikes Back uses two characters in the roles of dramatic flair. Tricksters—Yoda and Lando—to 02

74 / STAR WARS INSIDER Described by Han Solo as a “scoundrel,” Lando Calrissian is presented as a morally ambiguous character.

no choice, that the Empire arrived could have held Han responsible shortly before they did. It is in for steering the Empire toward this moment that the conflict Cloud City to set Vader’s trap for for Calrissian shines through, his Luke, and Han certainly could have actions more relatable and easy resented Lando for his capture. to understand. Whenever his Instead, they put their differences character’s “betrayal” is brought up, aside and come together to fight Billy Dee Williams has emphasized the Empire, with Solo handing why Lando did what he did: over his beloved ship to its former Calrissian was responsible for the owner to lead the attack on the lives and livelihoods of hundreds second Death Star. of citizens on Cloud City. Their safety, survival, and much-prized “We go way back, independence hung on the choice Lando and me.” he made. His was a pragmatic In Solo: A Star Wars Story, we are 04 lend an air of mystery to a plot decision, based on necessity, but presented with a younger Lando that doesn’t rely on a traditional made with a heavy heart. whose life is light on responsibility MacGuffin journey to motivate Much like Han’s journey to but heavy on legend-building. the characters. While Yoda reveals side with the Rebel Alliance in Star While taking a back seat during his true self to Luke relatively soon Wars: A New Hope (1977), Lando the caper on Kessel, he is seen after they meet, Lando’s loyalties struggles with the consequences recording an entry for his self- remain hidden for much longer. of this choice. The Rebellion will authored holo-biography, the Leia serves as the perspective of only work if people choose to resist, Calrissian Chronicles, in which he the audience, and continually and the audience is rooting for him is always the central hero (a scene expresses mistrust in Lando, an to take his own stand against evil. that even references events from opinion that is ultimately earned Ultimately, Lando helps Leia and the Calrissian trilogy of novels). when an invitation to dinner ends Chewbacca escape Cloud City and While the movie reveals how he, with an encounter with Darth joins their quest to free Han Solo Han Solo, and Chewbacca became Vader and Boba Fett. from Jabba’s palace in Return of the best frenemies, at this point in his Facing Han shortly afterwards, Jedi. Although it is never spoken career Lando has already had many Lando tells his friend that he had of directly in the movies, Lando adventures—in fact, he considers

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05 05 Lando and Han Solo (Alden Ehrenreich) battle their way off of Kessel.

06 Charles Soule wrote the five-issue Lando mini-series for Marvel Comics. Variant cover by Leinil Frances Yu.

07 Cover art by W. Scott Forbes for Marvel Comic’s Lando: Double or Nothing #2.

08 Billy Dee Williams reprised the role of Lando for The Rise of Skywalker in 2019.

09 Donald Glover as Lando in Solo: A Star Wars Story (2018).

himself retired from the smuggling hero of the original trilogy,” she is a middle-grade novel that game altogether and is determined says, “but he really didn’t have features Calrissian and droid to become a respected sportsman an arc of his own. Having stories co-pilot L3-37 in charge of the (read “gambler”). Luckily for fans, where Lando is the main character Millennium Falcon and on a however, these previously untold is meaningful.” Marvel’s Star Wars mission to save a planet while tales have seen the light of day, ongoing title is currently exploring attempting to settle a debt. Last most recently in a couple of Marvel the events between Empire and Shot by Daniel José Older flashes Comics’ Lando mini-series as well Return of the Jedi, and Quinn is back to the early years of both as in a few novels released since enjoying Lando’s prominent role. Han and Lando owning the famed Solo, in which Lando’s reputation “I like that we get more of Lando’s freighter, with a primary plot that has only become more expansive. point-of-view regarding what takes place in the New Republic Blogger Holly Quinn is a big fan happened on Bespin,” she says. era after the defeat of the Empire. of Marvel Comics’ various Lando Fans of the cape-wearing ace Each tale adds more depth to the mini-series and the character’s pilot can also uncover more character, and we can have more appearances in the ongoing Star backstory for the charismatic rogue confidence in their efficacy given Wars comic series. “I always in the form of several novels. that an unreliable narrator like thought of Lando as the fourth Lando’s Luck by Justina Ireland Lando isn’t relating them himself.

06 07

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08 Renaissance Men The multi-faceted characters who have inhabited Calrissian’s capes

Conﬁdent, creative, and a born leader. Such qualities embodied by Lando Calrissian are shared by the two men cast as the character—actors Billy Dee Williams and Donald Glover.

Billy Dee Donald Williams Glover Growing up in Harlem, Born the year Return Billy Dee Williams of the Jedi hit movie made his Broadway theaters, Donald debut at the age of Glover attended the seven, beginning a arts-focused DeKalb theatrical career that School of the Arts high has spanned more school, then graduated than six decades. He from the New York graduated from the University Tisch School LaGuardia High School of the Arts with a of Music & Art and degree in Dramatic Performing Arts in Writing. Glover was Manhattan, where his writing for TV comedy In Solo: A Star studies centered on series 30 Rock (2006- the visual arts. Williams 2013) in his early earned a scholarship twenties. His breakout Wars Story, we are to study classical role on television painting at the National was in Community presented with a Academy of Fine (2009-2014). He also “Everyone’s invited, Arts and Design and wrote, produced of course.” younger Lando studied at the Harlem and directed the Lando Calrissian’s impact stretched Actors Workshop. award-winning show whose life is light On screen, Williams Atlanta (2016-present), beyond the screen, and the has appeared on and before Solo: character made a hugely positive on responsibility television and in films A Star Wars Story impression on black audiences. For since the early 1950s, was released he blogger Kai Charles, a fan since the but heavy on and starred alongside had appeared in Diana Ross in the 1972 The Lazarus Effect release of Star Wars: A New Hope, Oscar-nominated (2015), Magic Mike Lando’s arrival in the Star Wars legend-building. hit Lady Sings the XXL (2015), The stratosphere was an empowering Blues—the story of Martian (2015), and legendary jazz singer Marvel’s Spider-Man: moment. “Lando was the earliest Billie Holiday. Williams Homecoming (2017). confirmation for me that I, too, different,” he says. “Lando sold had himself recorded In addition to Golden could belong in that galaxy,” she Han out to the Empire, but it an album of jazz songs Globes for his work on explains. “The fact that he was a wasn’t for selfish gain or because he in 1961, and he served screen, Glover has won as Honorary Chairman numerous awards for contemporary with Han, and even was a coward. Rather, he did it for of the Thelonious his music, performed a businessman, was something you the good of his people. Then, even Monk Institute of under the stage name didn’t really see with supporting after that, he still worked with Luke Jazz (renamed as Childish Gambino. His the Herbie Hancock track “This is America” person of color characters.” and Leia to help them escape, save Institute of Jazz in won four Grammys in Cole, an independent filmmaker Han, and ended up being part of 2018), but painting 2019, including Record and blogger still in his twenties, the team responsible for blowing has always remained of the Year, Song of the his first love. His art Year, Best Rap/Sung might have come to the franchise up the second Death Star. I felt has been exhibited Performance and Best much later, but he had a similar more represented as a black kid in the National Music Video. Glover take-away. “There really weren’t because Lando was allowed to be Portrait Gallery of recently voiced the role black characters in that genre of a character instead of just being the Smithsonian, the of Simba in the Jon National Air and Space Favreau-directed The movies that didn’t fit some type ‘the black guy.’ For its time, that Museum, and at the Lion King (2019) which of stereotype, but Lando was was revolutionary.” African-American became the second Museum of Art, highest grossing movie Culture and History. of the year.

STAR WARS INSIDER / 77 Forty years ago, Star Wars: The Empire Strikes Back (1980) left audiences hanging with the most epic twist in film history. But what else do you remember about this gamechanging Star Wars episode? Compiled by Jay Stobie

“IF HE COULD BE TURNED, HE WOULD BECOME A POWERFUL ALLY.” Weave your way across the galaxy as our heroes attempt to evade Darth Vader’s evil clutches.

HOPE ON HOTH DANGER ON DAGOBAH BETRAYAL ON BESPIN

1: In which hidden base did the 11: What natural resource Rebel Alliance take refuge? was mined on Bespin? A/ Alpha Base A/ Tibanna gas B/ Rancor Base B/ Kyber crystals C/ Echo Base C/ Spice D/ Gundark Base D/ Coaxium

12: Which vessels patrolled the skies around the mining colony? A/ Droid gunships B/ Twin-pod cloud cars C/ X-wings D/ A-wings

2: Which limb did the wampa 6: When did Luke Skywalker 9: What did Yoda steal from Luke 13: What did C-3PO do that led lose in its encounter learn Yoda’s true identity? Skywalker when they ﬁrst met? to his dismemberment? with Luke A/ During his orbital approach. A/ Lightsaber A/ Discovered Imperial Skywalker? B/ As soon as his X-wing B/ Flight helmet stormtroopers. A/ Right arm crashed on Dagobah. C/ Blaster B/ Defeated Chewbacca B/ Left arm C/ While he was running D/ Flashlight at dejarik. C/ Right leg through the swamp. C/ Angered Han Solo. D/ Left leg D/ As he ate a meal in D/ Betrayed the Rebellion. Yoda’s hut. 3: Who commanded the 14: Who assisted Lando Empire’s ground assault? 7: Whose face was glimpsed in Calrissian with Cloud City’s A/ Admiral Ozzel Darth Vader’s illusory helmet? administrative duties? B/ General Veers A/ Anakin Skywalker A/ Nien Nunb C/ Admiral Piett B/ Leia Organa B/ Din Djarin D/ General Rieekan C/ Luke Skywalker C/ Ugnaughts D/ Emperor Palpatine D/ Lobot 4: What did the rebel forces use to disable orbiting 15: Where did Darth Vader retreat Star Destroyers? to following his failure to recruit A/ Proton torpedoes Luke Skywalker? B/ Ion cannon A/ The Devastator C/ Turbolasers B/ Slave I D/ The Force C/ The Executor 10: Why did Luke Skywalker D/ Millennium Falcon 5: Who served as Luke 8: Who appeared as a Force decide to leave Dagobah? Skywalker’s tail gunner spirit during Luke Skywalker’s A/ The Empire launched during the Battle of Hoth? ﬁrst trip to the planet? a new superweapon. A/ Hobbie Klivian A/ Obi-Wan Kenobi B/ Obi-Wan Kenobi forced B/ Wedge Antilles B/ Qui-Gon Jinn him to go. C/ Biggs Darklighter C/ Mace Windu C/ His friends were in danger. D/ Dak Ralter D/ Kanan Jarrus D/ Yoda passed away.

78 / STAR WARS INSIDER “NO, I AM YOUR FATHER.” Identify the characters who spoke these quotable lines from The Empire Strikes Back : 1. “OH, GREAT WARRIOR? WARS NOT MAKE ONE GREAT.” 2. “I PROMISE TO RE- 3. “Bounty hunters. TURN AND FINISH WHAT I’VE BEGUN, We don’t need YOU HAVE MY WORD.” their scum.”

4. “I’D JUST AS 5. “You like me because I’m a SOON KISS scoundrel. There aren’t enough A WOOKIEE.” scoundrels in your life.”

“I WANT THEM ALIVE. NO DISINTEGRATIONS.” Identify these bounty hunters who were hired by Darth Vader to find the Millennium Falcon :

1. 2. 3. 4.

IG-88 Dengar, Fett, Boba Bossk, 4 3 2 1 “I WANT THEM ALIVE. NO DISINTEGRATIONS.” DISINTEGRATIONS.” NO ALIVE. THEM WANT “I HAVE YOU PROVED THAT YOU ARE AN EXPERT ON ALL

Han Solo. Han Organa, Organa,

5 THINGS RELATED TO THE EMPIRE STRIKES BACK?

Princess Leia Leia Princess Skywalker, Luke

Admiral Piett, Admiral Yoda, 4 3 2 1

“NO, I AM YOUR FATHER.” FATHER.” YOUR AM I “NO, 0-9 Tough luck. You make a mynock look like a Jedi Master.

D, D, A, B, A, C, D, A, C, D, D, B, B, A, C, 15 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 QUIZ: QUIZ: 10-19 The chances of you not being eaten by a space slug just took a dive. 20-24 Take that, AT-AT! You could take on the whole Empire yourself.

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CRUSH THE REBELLION

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TATOOINE

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JEDAH

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BESPIN

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LOTH AL

The citizens of Lothal are compliant and could be used to ﬁll annual recruitment quotas.

LOTH AL

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FOREST MOON OF ENDOR

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Star Wars: Aliens, Star Wars: Rogues, Scoundrels Star Wars: Star Wars: Star Wars: Star Wars: Star Wars: Creatures and Droids and Bounty Hunters The Original Trilogy The Saga Begins Icons of the Galaxy Heroes of the Force Lords of the Sith

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