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Military Intelligence Professional Bulletin, January-March 2010

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Military Intelligence Professional Bulletin, January-March 2010 FROM THE EDITOR We, at the TRADOC Culture Center (TCC), are proud of this special issue of the Military Intelligence Professional Bulletin featuring articles from the cutting edge in the field of applied military anthropology. Contributors to this issue include the culture centers from the Air Force, Navy, and Marine Corps, as well as TCC trainers and course developers, as well as others within the community. This issue signals the strategic graduation from our beginnings in the post 9/11 realization of the critical importance of cultural awareness to the success of the American warfighter upon an ever-shifting, asym- metrical, unconventional human terrain, to the pressing need for greater refinement and sophistication of our cross-cultural competencies in dealing with foreign friends and potential foes alike. Cross Cultural Competency (3C) is a vital set of skills that serves to systematically empower all American war-fighters, not only to think and act more effectively in cross-cultural environments, but to provide a wider range of options in dealing with others in the field than those choices we call “kinetic.” The basic skill sets underlying cross-cultural competence are the abilities to effectively communicate across cultures; to build cooperative relationships with individuals and groups; and to effectively manage conflict with a minimum of force in situations where cultural differences play a major role. Key to this 3C skill set is the capacity to suspend our own cultural biases and subjective points of view in order to ob- serve, analyze, and respond more effectively to the realities of any foreign operational environment (OE) in its many complex, subtle nuances. Reaching across all branches and sectors of the U.S. and foreign militaries and governments, 3C pro- vides a unifying “green-layer” force for collective integration and a common operational objective for a con- structive, tactical-to-strategic shift in our shared global future. Mastering the supreme art of war with this alternative skill, the war-fighter will remain on the cutting edge of freedom and democratic development in the international arena well into a global future. Michael A. Rodriguez, TCC Associate Editor In an effort to catch up, the October December 2009 issue is now the July September 2010 issue. All ar- ticles that were scheduled for the October December 2009 issue will now be in the July September 2010 issue. In addition to these articles readers will find a complete MI Doctrine Update to include future pub- lications. As Editor, I apologize for any inconvenience to both the writers and readers of MIPB. If you have any questions regarding this please send an email to [email protected]. Sterilla A. Smith Editor MILITARY INTELLIGENCE FEATURES January – March 2010 6 Thoughts on Culture and Language Expertise in an Operational Force Volume 36 Number 1 by Colonel Sonny Reeves, Director, TD&S, USAICoE, Fort Huachuca, Arizona PB 34-10-1 9 A Short History of the TRADOC Culture Center by Mr. Frank Smith, Deputy Director, TD&S Directorate, USAICoE, Fort Huachuca, Arizona 16 Navy’s Center for Language, Regional Expertise and Culture Commanding General by Christopher Wise Major General John M. Custer III 20 Arming Marines with Cultural Knowledge: The 7th Warfighting Function Deputy to the Commanding General by Barbara G.B. Ferguson Mr. Jerry V. Proctor 26 The Air Force Culture and Language Center Deputy Commander for Training by Captain William T. Cambardella Colonel Dennis A. Perkins 34 Dancing to the Tunes of African Cultures Director, Directorate of Doctrine by Anatole Balma, PhD, TRADOC Culture Center Colonel Michael J. Arinello 39 Contemporary Chinese Culture in the Context of Asian Anthropology by Hugh M. Lewis, TRADOC Culture Center 46 The Subjugation of Afghan Women as Depicted in Their Own Words MIPB Staff: by Fevziye B. Johnson, TRADOC Culture Center Editor 54 Informed Cultural Navigation: How to Build Rapport in the Andean Region Sterilla A. Smith by Lucas Lynch and Jennifer Barr Associate Editor 59 Understanding Cultures: A Vital Tool in War, Crisis Resolution, and Peace Miguel A. Rodriguez, TCC by Claude Salhani Design Director 62 The Effect on Corruption on Intelligence Cooperation Patrick N. Franklin by Kenneth J. Ryan, California State University at Fresno Design and Layout 68 Converting the Unknown to the Known: Misconceptualizing Culture Patrick N. Franklin by Charles R. Morrison, PhD, TRADOC Culture Center Lawrence Boyd 72 The Anthropology of Knowledge in Cross-Cultural Intelligence Cover Design by Hugh M. Lewis Donald E. Stump, TCC 81 Cultural DNA Issue Photographs by Dorothy Guy Bonvillain, PhD and William Gary McGuire, PhD Courtesy of the U.S. Army, U.S. Air Force, 91 What Does Culture Have To Do With It? U.S. Marine Corps, U.S. Navy, and Luke by Joe McDermott Powell Departments Purpose: The U.S. Army Intelligence Center of Excellence) publishes the Military Intelligence Professional Bulletin (MIPB) quarterly under 2 Always Out Front Inside Back Cover: TRADOC Culture the provisions of AR 25-30. MIPB presents 3 CSM Forum Center Capabilities: What We Can Do For information designed to keep intelligence pro- You fessionals informed of current and emerging 12 Doctrine Update: developments within the field and provides an open forum in which ideas; concepts; tactics, Cultural Awareness techniques, and procedures; historical per- spectives; problems and solutions, etc., can be exchanged and discussed for purposes of professional development. By order of the Secretary of the Army: Official: Disclaimer: Views expressed are those of the authors and not those of the Department of Defense or its elements.The contents do not necessarily reflect official U.S. Army positions and do not change or supersede information JOYCE E. MORROW GEORGE W. CASEY JR. in any other U.S. Army publications. Administrative Assistant to the General, United States Army Secretary of the Army Chief of Staff 1007003 AlwAys Out FrOnt by Major General John M. Custer III Commanding General U.S. Army Intelligence Center of Excellence This issue of MIPB focuses on cultural education and the challenges we are currently facing through- out the world. The modern operational environment is increasingly complex and demands its Soldiers are trained in skill sets we have not generally emphasized in the past for the general force. For this reason, the way in which we train continues to evolve and improve in meaningful ways. In tandem with this effort, the U.S. Army Training and Doctrine Command’s Culture Center (TCC) will hold its 4th annual Culture Summit from 19-21 April 2009 at the Hilton El Conquistador in Tucson, Arizona. The theme for this year’s summit is “Shaping the Environment by using Cross-Cultural Competency.” This conference will bring together various culture practitioners from every branch of our nation’s military services and foreign military partners, as well as university academics and scholars, among many others. We encourage every participant to use this opportunity to discuss the evolution of culture training and its impact on the way in which we apply culture to current and emerging threats. In past years, the Culture Summit has proven to be a vital educational and professional experience for participants, allowing them to expand networking contacts and resources in the field of cross-cultural competency. We hope that you extract useful lessons from the panel discussions and gain a new understanding of their implementation in current operations. This special issue of MIPB contains articles from experts of various educational and professional back- grounds. Experts from the TCC’s regional teams as well as academics from a wide variety of fields discuss current cultural issues and trends; while representatives from every branch of service provide an impor- tant perspective in lessons learned downrange. Culture centers from each service will also provide key in- sight to the history, current roles and impact of military cultural education, as well as what lies ahead. The Military Intelligence community plays a critical role in achieving and maintaining cross-cultural com- petency and we are delighted to share the wide breadth of knowledge that is contained within this issue. I sincerely hope that you find this issue thought provoking and that you will discuss it with your colleagues during the conference. This summit comes at a time when the U.S. military faces complex and rapidly changing operational en- vironments. Each Soldier must attain cross-cultural competence to adapt and perform the full spectrum of operations the Army demands in today’s Overseas Contingency Operations. As we move into areas that have never seen a U.S. presence, or even operate in areas that are familiar to us, each Soldier must be cognizant of cultural issues to engage the local population effectively. Without knowing the cultural com- plexities of a community, we are simply unable to provide stability and proper support to the civilian and military sectors. We have placed a large burden on the modern U.S. Soldier to provide a variety of services, and we are confident that effective training and the proper maintenance of skills and knowledge will prove invaluable in achieving the highest standards of excellence. Culture training within the Army is evolving in new and exciting ways as the force adapts to ever- changing operational environments and mission requirements. The TCC is always looking for new ways to improve its current operations, from generating products for culture education to training our force’s trainers to ensure our Soldiers receive only the best in educational resources and instruction. While we have already evolved as a force so much in the last decade in terms of operational integration, we certainly (Continued on page 4) 2 Military Intelligence csm FOrum by Command Sergeant Major Gerardus Wykoff Command Sergeant Major U.S.
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