Year 7 Spring 1 Knowledge Organiser Rebecca Adlington

Rebecca Adlington, OBE (born 17 February 1989) is a British former competitive swimmer who specialised in freestyle events in international competition. She won two gold medals at the 2008 Summer Olympics in the 400(metre freestyle and 800-metre freestyle, breaking the 19-year-old world record of in the 800-metre final. Adlington was Britain's first Olympic champion since 1988, and the first British swimmer to win two Olympic gold medals since 1908. She won bronze medals in both the women's 400-metre and 800-metre freestyle events in the 2012 Summer Olympics in London.

Adlington was born in , Nottinghamshire, where she attended The Brunts School. She started swimming with Sherwood Colliery Swimming Club, and was selected for the Nottinghamshire County Elite Squad (Nova Centurion Swimming Club). She swam in local swimming leagues for Leander Swimming Club, having taken part in the National Speedo 'B' Final in May 2010. Adlington's great-uncle was former Derby County goalkeeper Terry Adlington, and she is a keen Derby supporter.

On 5 February 2013, Adlington retired from all competitive swimming, at the age of 23. Since retiring House Colour: Blue as a competitor, she has worked for BBC TV as a swimming pundit at the Olympic Games and World Aquatics Championships, and made various other media appearances. “I'm the type of person that it doesn't get me down if I have a bad swim, I just get more motivated. I'm quite resilient in that way.” Morris Samuels Alan Sillitoe Ada Lovelace House Colour: Red House Colour: Yellow House Colour: Green

2 Contents

Instructions for how to use your Knowledge Organiser 4 Subject: Geography 23

Timetable 5 Subject: History 24

Reading Log 6 Subject: Spanish 25

Principal’s Reading w/b 8th Jan 7 Subject: ICT 26

Principal’s Reading w/b 14th Jan 8 Subject: Graphics 27

Principal’s Reading w/b 21st Jan 9-10 Subject: Resistant Material 28

Principal’s Reading w/b 28th Jan 11-12 Subject: Food Technology 29

Principal’s Reading w/b 4th Feb 13-14 Subject: Art and Design 30

Principal’s Reading w/b 11th Feb 15 Subject: Music 31

200 Word Challenges 16 Subject: Drama 32

Subject: English 18

Subject: Maths 19

Subject: Science 20

Subject: Science 21

Subject: Science 22

3 Instructions for how to use your Knowledge Organiser Achieve at BBA Read, Cover, Write Mind mapping Explaining a diagram Putting new words into sentences

Foreboding A feeling that something bad

will happen.

There was a sense of foreboding through the reference to the ‘shadows that followed’ Step 1: Read the part of the section you want to remember.

Step 2: Read it again.

Step 1: Read, cover, write the new words Step 3: Read it aloud. Step 1: Read the part of the section you Step 1: Read, cover and write the diagram. want to remember. and their definitions .

Step 2: Write a sentence that includes the Step 4: Cover the part you are remembering Step 2: Write a paragraph explaining what is Step 2: Draw a mind map with the key new word in a real context, just as you with your book. happening in the diagram and give information. would use it in a lesson/exam question. specific examples.

Step 5: Write as much as you can remember Step 3: Add any extra information that Step 3: Check your answer with a friend or Step 3: Check your answers using your class in your exercise book. provides more detail about the topic. ask your teacher to check you have used notes or ask your teacher to check in your them correctly. Step 4: Check your answers using the next lesson. Step 6: Check your answers with a tick for information in all three sections of the

Knowledge Organiser. correct answers or a cross if incorrect. Step 4: Correct any mistakes. Step 4: Correct any mistakes. Step 5: Correct any mistakes.

Step 7: Correct your mistakes with the information from that section.

4 Timetable Achieve at BBA

Year 7 Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday

w/b 8th January English History/Geography Science Maths Spanish Section 1: Vocabulary Power Writing Plan Annotate Principal’s Read, Cover, Write Drama/Music D&T ICT (200 word challenge) Reading

w/b 14th January English History/Geography Science Maths Spanish Section 2: Key Facts Power Writing Plan Annotate Principal’s Mind mapping Drama/Music D&T ICT (200 word challenge) Reading

w/b 21st January English History/Geography Science Maths Spanish Section 3: Diagrams/pictures Power Writing Plan Annotate Principal’s As instructed Drama/Music D&T ICT (200 word challenge) Reading

w/b 28th January English History/Geography Science Maths Spanish Section 1: Vocabulary Power Writing Plan Annotate Principal’s Put the words into new sentences Drama/Music D&T ICT (200 word challenge) Reading

w/b 4th February English History/Geography Science Maths Spanish Section 2: Key facts Power Writing Plan Annotate Principal’s Read, Cover, Write Drama/Music D&T ICT (200 word challenge) Reading

w/b 11th February English History/Geography Science Maths Spanish Section 3: Diagrams/pictures Power Writing Plan Annotate Principal’s Explain the diagrams in words Drama/Music D&T ICT (200 word challenge) Reading 20 mins reading of your own 20 mins reading of your 20 mins reading of your 20 mins reading of your 20 mins reading of your ALL WEEKS book own book own book own book own book (record on Reading Log) (record on Reading Log) (record on Reading Log) (record on Reading Log) (record on Reading Log)

5 Reading Log Achieve at BBA

Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday Read: Read: Read: Read: Read: w/b 8th For: ______minutes For: ______minutes For: ______minutes For: ______minutes For: ______minutes January Signed:______Signed:______Signed:______Signed:______Signed:______Read: Read: Read: Read: Read: w/b 14th For: ______minutes For: ______minutes For: ______minutes For: ______minutes For: ______minutes January Signed:______Signed:______Signed:______Signed:______Signed:______Read: Read: Read: Read: Read: w/b 21st For: ______minutes For: ______minutes For: ______minutes For: ______minutes For: ______minutes January Signed:______Signed:______Signed:______Signed:______Signed:______Read: Read: Read: Read: Read: w/b 28th For: ______minutes For: ______minutes For: ______minutes For: ______minutes For: ______minutes January Signed:______Signed:______Signed:______Signed:______Signed:______Read: Read: Read: Read: Read: w/b 4th For: ______minutes For: ______minutes For: ______minutes For: ______minutes For: ______minutes February Signed:______Signed:______Signed:______Signed:______Signed:______Read: Read: Read: Read: Read: w/b 11th For: ______minutes For: ______minutes For: ______minutes For: ______minutes For: ______minutes February Signed:______Signed:______Signed:______Signed:______Signed:______

6 Principal’s Reading w/b 8th Jan Achieve at BBA How the world is waking up to palm oil in the wake of banned Iceland orang-utan advert

in the past 20 years those forests have been red and killing fish. Deforestation of what is, largely, decimated by logging crews. In Indonesia, a football peat jungle releases vast quantities of trapped carbon pitch-sized space is cleared every 25 seconds. into the air, accelerating global warming. Ads such as Iceland’s can only help, says Rewcastle “It feels sometimes, when you drive through Brown. “It plugs into grassroots shoppers and gets Indonesian Borneo, like the whole island is now one that message across that we have a choice over what massive palm oil plantation and timber estate,” says we buy,” she says. “And the publicity’s great. I’ve Dr Galdikas, a primatologist who had studied orang- been banging on about this for 10 years but I had to utans since 1971. Her study site, Camp Leakey in get a story that overthrew a government before I central Borneo, still rescues orang-utans from the pet could get anywhere.” trade, and those whose habitat has been destroyed by business. The ad itself has proven controversial. On November 9, Iceland Foods tweeted: “You won’t see our Iceland’s “Rang-tan” advert, depicting an animated “The longer one spends with them, the longer one Christmas advert on TV this year because it was orang-utan sheltering in a child’s bedroom from realises that the three percent difference in DNA banned. But we want to share Rang-tan’s story…” It loggers destroying its habitat in Borneo, is on course between humans and orang-utans actually doesn’t wasn’t actually banned, just judged unfit, yet the to be the most popular Christmas advertisement to explain who they are,” says Galdikas. “They’re more furore sent it viral. James Corden shared the video, date. The video has already been watched more than like humans than anyone could imagine. Their tweeting: “This commercial was banned from TV for 30 million times, despite not appearing once on motions are similar, their intellects are similar” being too political. Everyone should see it.” television. Galdikas says we can make a difference. “Try to The business move away from palm oils will cost Palm oil is highly saturated, making it versatile and, avoid palm oil as much as possible, in food and Iceland £5 million but generated generous publicity crucially, cheaper than animal fat. As a result, it is in detergents that you use, and toothpaste.” I’d for the plight of the orang-utan. up to 50 percent of supermarket products, from bread recommend reading supermarket labels, product to chocolate, cereal and even toothpaste. Sir David labels and staying away from the wrong oils.” That can be tricky. Attenborough has explained how this cheap fix is (Orginal article: https://www.standard.co.uk/news/ ruining natural habitats. She says the plight of the orang-utan is emblematic of world/how-the-world-is-waking-up-to-palm-oil-in-the- The World Wide Fund for Nature estimates that there wider devastation in the region. “I’ve met the tribal wake-of-banned-iceland-orangutan-advert- are only 14,700 Bornean, 13,846 Sumatran and 800 people whose lands have been taken from them,by a3992311.html) Tapanuli orang-utans left in the wild, a sharp decline brute force in many cases, by the big logging gangs from around 230,000 a century ago (now classifying going in.” She recalls palm oil plantations where them as “critically endangered”). Their common “tractors were lined up in a row to bring the jungle name, orang-utan, is derived from the Malay and down as quickly as possible”. The loss of tree roots Indonesian words meaning “man of the forests”, but sees the soil drain into the rivers, turning the waters 7 Principal’s Reading w/b 14th Jan Achieve at BBA

Chinese Cinderella by Adeline Yen Mah Chapter 1

8 Principal’s Reading w/b 21st Jan Achieve at BBA

Sky Song by Abi Elphinstone Chapter 1

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9 Principal’s Reading w/b 21st Jan Achieve at BBA

Sky Song by Abi Elphinstone Chapter 1 continued

10 Principal’s Reading w/b 28th Jan Achieve at BBA Shine by Candy Gourlay Chapter 1

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11 Principal’s Reading w/b 28th Jan Achieve at BBA Shine by Candy Gourlay Chapter 1 continued

12 Principal’s Reading w/b 4th Feb Achieve at BBA Car-Jacked by Ali Sparkes Chapter 1

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13 Principal’s Reading w/b 4th Feb Achieve at BBA Car-Jacked by Ali Sparkes Chapter 1 continued

14 Principal’s Reading w/b 11th Feb Achieve at BBA The History of Valentine’s Day

Every February 14, gifts are exchanged that he be put to death. well as to the Roman founders Romulus and between loved ones, all in the name of Saint Other stories suggest that Valentine may Remus. Valentine. But who is this mysterious saint, have been killed for attempting to help Valentine’s Day: A Day of Romance and where did these traditions come from? Christians escape harsh Roman prisons, Find out about the history of this centuries- During the Middle Ages, it was commonly where they were often beaten and tortured. believed in France and that old holiday, from ancient Roman rituals to According to one legend, an imprisoned the customs of Victorian England. February 14 was the beginning of birds’ Valentine actually sent the first “valentine” mating season, which added to the idea that The Legend of Saint Valentine greeting himself after he fell in love with a the middle of Valentine’s Day should be a The history of Valentine’s Day (and the young girl (possibly his jailer’s daughter) day for romance. Valentine greetings were story of its patron saint) is shrouded in who visited him during his confinement. popular as far back as the Middle Ages, mystery. We do know that February has long Before his death, it is alleged that he wrote though written Valentine’s didn’t begin to her a letter signed “From your Valentine,” an been celebrated as a month of romance, and appear until after 1400. The oldest known that Saint Valentine’s Day, as we know it expression that is still in use today. valentine still in existence today was a poem today, contains parts of both Christian and Origins of Valentine’s Day: A Pagan Festival written in 1415 by Charles, Duke of Orleans, ancient Roman tradition. But who was Saint in February to his wife while he was imprisoned in the Valentine, and how did he become associated While some believe that Valentine’s Day is Tower of London following his capture at with this ancient rite? celebrated in the middle of February to the Battle of Agincourt. One legend contends that Valentine was a commemorate the anniversary of Valentine’s priest who served during the third century death or burial (which probably occurred in . When Emperor Claudius II decided around A.D. 270) others claim that the that single men made better soldiers than Christian church may have decided to place those with wives and families, he outlawed Saint Valentine’s feast day in the middle of marriage for young men. Valentine, realising February in an effort to “Christianise” the the injustice of the decree, defied Claudius pagan celebration of Lupercalia. Celebrated and continued to perform marriages for at the ides of February, or February 15, young lovers in secret. When Valentine’s Lupercalia was a fertility festival dedicated actions were discovered, Claudius ordered to Faunus, the Roman god of agriculture, as

15 200 Word Challenges Achieve at BBA

Task Vocabulary to include: Plan your response to take the thinking out of the writing process. This will allow you to focus on how well you are writing, rather than what you are writing. The new year is a time for new beginnings. Resolutions W/b 8th Jan Write about your hopes and goals for 2019. Optimism Power 1—your main idea Power 2—3 supporting ideas Power 3—details for each supporting idea

Using your Attitude to Learning grades, explain Descriptors Power Plus—interesting vocabulary, devices, W/b 14th Jan how you have improved your approach to lessons since the beginning of the year. Resilience

Choose an existing product, or invent a new Revolutionary W/b 21st Jan one, and write the text for a radio advert Essential Power 1

Chinese New Year happens on the first full moon of the year. 2019 is the year of the pig; Power 2 Power 2 Power 2 some think this is an unlucky year in the zodiac Zodiac W/b 28th Jan cycle. Research the year you were born and Characteristics explain how you are similar or different to that animal and their characteristics. Power 3 Power 3 Power 3

Give your opinion on a current news story. Affairs W/b 4th Feb . Coverage

Power Plus

Write about a person you admire and explain Admiration W/b 11th Feb why. Role models

16 Knowledge Organiser Subjects

17 Subject: English Topic: Poetry Year: 7 Term: Spring 1 Achieve at BBA Section 1: Key Vocabulary Section 2: Key Facts Section 3 Tier 3 vocabulary Definition Questions: Answers: Use LIPS to analyse poetry: Language (n) Identifying words, phrases, sentences What is a ballad? A poem that narrates a song L = language and devices. What is context? The background and knowledge the Imagery (n) A writing technique which visually poet uses to form their poetry. I = imagery describes. Paints a picture in the What is a sonnet? A poem using 14 lines and a rhyming reader’s mind. scheme P = punctuation Punctuation (n) A tool kit of signs in writing to help What is culture? The ideas, beliefs and lifestyle of S = structure guide reading and writing. particular groups all over the world. How to annotate with Structure (n) The order and physical layout of a Why do poems rhyme? To connect the reader to particular LIPS Language piece of text. feeling and emotion. To enable the Imagery The adjective “enthralling” A categorised group of expectations poem to be easily read and Conventions (n) suggests how much the for a particular theme or genre. remembered. The simile illustrates children admire the books. Narrative (n) A spoken or written account of events What is an anthology? A collection of short stories or poems the desire the within a story. in one book. students have for Effect (v) To show a result or reaction. Why is culture relevant to Culture is different communities and their learning. poetry? beliefs around the world and poetry Connotation (v) (of a word) imply or suggest (an idea or feeling) in addition to the literal or helps to express emotions and primary meaning. celebrations of differences. Analyse (v) To examine in detail. What is a poet? A person who writes poems. What is a theme? A feeling, idea or action present in a Stanza (n) A break between lines in a poem. piece of text. Looks like a paragraph. What is the mood? The response and feeling of the Devices (n) A collection of writing techniques that audience after they have read/ craft and connect ideas between the experienced something. reader and writer. What is tone? The thoughts and feelings of the Annotations (v) To write academic and opinionated writer/poet. notes around a piece of text which develops understanding. What is atmosphere? Using setting and background to influence the mood. Metaphor (n) A writing device which describes Punctuation Structure Why is context important? To understand influences, something exactly as something else experience and cultural reference. Use of full stop The structure is narrative. Tier 2 vocabulary Definition shows confirms how It helps to describe the What is a simile A device to show similarities Mrs Tilscher felt/ story of their experience. Cultured (adj) Describes a well-educated and between two things. experienced individual. Indicative (adj) Giving an indication (sign) What is perspective? An individual’s point of view.

18 Subject: Maths Year: 7 Term: Spring 1 Achieve at BBA Section 1: Key Vocabulary Section 2: Important ideas Section 3: Tier 3 vocabulary Definition What is the missing angle x? Angles on a straight line add up Angles a and d are equal. They polygon Any 2D shape formed with to 180, so are vertically opposite. straight lines

Triangle A polygon made of 3 sides x + 130 = 180 Angles b and c are equal/ They x = 50° are vertically opposite Isosceles triangle A triangle with two equal sides

Work out the value of x 60 + 75 = 135 Equilateral triangle A triangle with all sides equal in The angles in a triangle sum to length 180, sp Quadrilateral A polygon made of 4 sides 180—135 = 45°

Parallelogram A quadrilateral with opposite sides that are parallel Trapezium A quadrilateral with one pair of Find the missing angle a = 45° because vertically oppo- In an isosceles triangle, the angles that are the same are parallel sides site angles are equal found at the ends of the lines that are the same length. Vertically opposite The angles opposite each other when two lines cross. Exterior angle The angle formed by a polygon What is the size of each an- 180 ÷ 3 = 60° each and the extension of its adjacent side gle in an equilateral triangle?

Interior angle An angle inside a polygon Find the missing angles Angle k = 180 - 55 - 47 = 78° Because angles in a triangle add Tier 2 vocabulary Definition up to 180°. Vertex The point where two lines meet Angle m = 180-47 = 133°

Because angles on a straight line Vertices The plural of vertex add up to 180°. Parallel Two lines the same distance apart that never touch Work out the value of b 126 + 59 + 64 = 249 The angles in a quadrilateral sum Each picture has one pair of angles that are equal. Copy the Tessellation A pattern made of one or more pictures and put a circle around the letters or numbers that to 360, so shapes which fit together are in equal angles. 360—249 = 111° perfectly Draw your own isosceles triangle and mark on the equal Congruent Exactly equal in size and shape angles

19 Subject: Science Topic: Cells and Respiration Year: 7 Term: Spring 1 Achieve at BBA Section 1: Key Vocabulary Section 2: Important ideas Section 3: Copy and label Tier 3 vocabulary Definition 1. What is the job of the 1. It contains genetic material which Animal cell Plant cell Cell The smallest structural and nucleus in a cell? controls the cell. functional unit of an organism. Cytoplasm Where most of the chemical 2. Which cell structures are 2. Cell wall, chloroplasts, vacuole reactions take place in the cell. only found in plant cells? Cell Membrane Controls movement of substances into and 3. What is the role of the 3. It contains chlorophyll which out of the cell. Mitochondria Where most of the energy is chloroplast? absorbs light for photosynthesis. released by respiration. 4. What is a stem cell? 4. An undifferentiated cell which is Cell Wall A tough layer outside the cell membrane that capable of becoming various strengthens the cell. different cells. Vacuole Filled with cell sap and helps to keep the cell turgid. 5. What is meant by the term 5. Cells that are adapted for a specialised cells? particular function. Chloroplast Contains chlorophyll which absorbs light for photosynthesis. 6. What is the role of root hair 6. Root hair cells absorb water from the Organelle The name given to the structures found in cells and what special feature soil. They are special because they plant and animal cells. do they have? increase the surface area of the root. Breathing The process of moving air into and out of the lungs for gaseous exchange. 7. How are cells and 7. Cells with a similar structure and organs linked? function form tissues. Organs are a Respiration A chemical reaction that happens in all living collection of tissues that work cells. It releases energy from glucose. together for a particular function. Aerobic respiration: Aerobic Respiration that requires oxygen. Water, 8. Describe the difference 8. Eukaryotic cells contain Glucose + Oxygen Carbon dioxide + water + energy respiration carbon dioxide and energy are released. between a eukaryotic and membrane bound organelles whereas C6H12O6 + 6O2 6CO2 + 6H2O + energy

prokaryotic cell. prokaryotic cells do not. Anaerobic Respiration that occurs in the absence of Anaerobic respiration: respiration oxygen. Lactic acid is released. 9. Explain how a sperm cell is 9. It has a long tail so it can swim to the Glucose Lactic acid + energy

Tier 2 vocabulary Definition adapted for its function. egg and Lots of mitochondria for energy. C6H12O6 C3H6O3 + energy Specialised cells Cells adapted for a specific It also has a streamlined head which function. releases an enzyme to help penetrate Nucleus (Cell) Contains genetic material which controls the the egg. cell. 10. What route does 10. Nose/mouth trachea Organ Organs are a collection of tissues that work oxygen take to get to the bronchi bronchiole alveolus together to perform a particular function. bloodstream?

Tissue Cells with a similar structure and function 11. How does oxygen 11. By diffusion, from a high form tissues. enter cells? concentration to a low concentration

20 Subject: Science Topic: Energy and Electrical Circuits Year: 7 Term: Spring 1 Achieve at BBA Section 1: Key Vocabulary Section 2: Important ideas Section 3: Learn these key diagrams/processes Tier 3 vocabulary Definition 1. How does the current 1. The current is the same in all Potential difference The difference in potential between two change in a series circuit? places of a series circuit. points on a circuit. (voltage) 2. How does the current 2. In a parallel circuit, the current is split Electric current The flow of electric charge. change in a parallel circuit? across the branches of the How difficult it is to pass a current through circuit. Electrical resistance a conductor. 3 Describe the voltage in 3. It is shared by the components in the Series circuit Parallel circuit A measure of how quickly electrical energy a series circuit. circuit. Electric power is transferred to an appliance. 4. Describe the voltage in 4. The voltage is the same on all Energy The potential to do work. a parallel circuit. branches of the circuit. A circuit where the current can only flow 5. What happens to the 5. Resistance increases as a wire gets Series circuit through one path. resistance as the wire gets thinner. A circuit where the current can flow thinner? Parallel circuit through two or more different paths. 6. Name three fossil fuels. 6. Coal, Oil, Gas. An apparatus for reducing or Transformer increasing the voltage of an 7. Name 3 renewable 7. Wind power, Solar power, Tidal alternating current. energy sources. power, Hydroelectric power, Energy from a source that is not depleted Geothermal power. Renewable energy when used, such as wind or solar power. 8. What is the difference 8. Coal was formed from dead Energy from a resource that does not between coal, crude oil and plants. Crude oil and gas were formed Non-renewable renew itself quick enough and will gas? from dead plants and energy eventually run out. animals that once lived in the sea. Tier 2 vocabulary Definition 9. What is the link 9. A cell is a single electrical energy Deplete To use up (past tense depleted). between a cell and a battery? source which uses chemical reactions to produce a current but a battery is when Static Stationary, not moving. more than one cell is connected How hard it is for electricity to flow Resistance together. through something. 10. What must happen to 10. A magnet must rotate within a coil of Battery A source of electricity. generate electricity? wire. A cell is a single electrical energy source 11. What are some of the 11. Paint spraying, Photocopiers Cell which uses chemical reactions to produce a current. uses of static electricity? Fuels that were formed 12. Explain why electrical 12. Water and electrical appliances can appliances should not be used result in electric shocks for the user. Fossil fuel underground from living organisms over millions of years. next to the sink.

21 Subject: Science Topic: Particles and Chemical Reactions Year: 7 Term: Spring 1 Achieve at BBA Section 1: Key Vocabulary Section 2: Important ideas Section 3: Copy and label Tier 3 vocabulary Definition 1. What happens to the 1. The particles gain thermal energy State of matter The forms a substance can take. Either particles in a liquid when and vibrate faster. solid, liquid or gas. it is heated? Evaporation/ The process of turning a liquid into a gas. 2. What is happening in 2. The bonds between the Boiling a solid when the solid particles become weaker and the Condensation The process of turning a gas into a liquid. begins to melt? particles move around each other. Combustion The scientific name for burning. 3. What is a fuel? 3. Any kind of combustible Sublimation When a substance changes from a solid material (something that burns). to a gas without ever passing through a 4. What is the test for 4. Bubble the gas through limewater. liquid phase. carbon dioxide, CO2? If the limewater goes cloudy then the Soluble When something is able to be dissolved. gas is carbon dioxide. Solvent The liquid that a soluble 5. What is the test for 5. Place a glowing splint in the gas. substance dissolves in. oxygen, O2? The gas is oxygen if the splint Compressed When something is squeezed or flattened re-lights. by pressure. 6. What is the test for 6. Place a lit splint in the gas. If the Diffusion The random movement of hydrogen, H ? splint goes out with a squeaky pop, particles from an area of high 2 the gas is hydrogen. concentration to an area of low concentration. 7. Why can a gas be 7. There is space between the Chemical A reaction where the atoms are compressed (squashed) particles in a gas. Compressing the gas reaction rearranged and new products are but a solid can’t? moves the particles closer together. formed. There is no space between particles in Physical reaction A reaction where the molecules are not a solid. changed and no new products are made. 8. Why does the flame 8. The candle cannot stay alight once The result may be a change in state. go out when a beaker is the oxygen in the beaker has been placed over a lit candle? used up. Oxygen is needed for Metal + acid salt + hydrogen Tier 2 vocabulary Definition Melting The process of turning a solid into a 9. Explain why a liquid 9. Liquids flow and do not have a liquid. Freezing The process of turning a liquid into a can be poured and takes fixed shape. The particles in a liquid solid. the shape of the are able to move over each other and Dissolve When a solid is mixed with a container. take the shape of the container they liquid to create a solution are in. 22 Subject: Geography Year: 7 Term: Spring 1 Achieve at BBA Section 1: Key Vocabulary Section 2: Key Facts Section 3 Tier 3 vocabulary Definition Questions: Answers: Development The use of resources to improve 1. What are megacities? 1. Cities with a population of more the standard of living of a nation. than 1 million.

Sustainable Meeting the needs of the present 2. Where is the city of Lagos 2. Lagos is found in West Africa, in located? the south west of Nigeria. To the without compromising (limiting) south you find the Gulf of Guinea. the ability of future generations to meet their own needs. 3. Why is the city of Lagos im- 3. Lagos is the largest city in Africa. It portant? is a financial centre, has one of the Slum A spontaneous settlement, often busiest ports and makes more mon-

built illegally on unused land ey than any other African city. along roadsides or on the edge of 1. What are the good and a city. 4. How many people live in 4. 21 million (2016) Lagos? bad things about living in Population density A measurement of the number of Lagos? Use the photographs 5. What causes the city of La- 5. People moving from the rural people living in one area and your own knowledge to gos to grow so rapidly? areas of Nigeria in the search for Physical features Natural features, e.g. rivers, better jobs and livelihoods. create a table. beaches and waterfalls. 6. What is Nollywood? 6. The name of the Nigerian film Human features Man made features, e.g. buildings industry based in Lagos. It makes and statues. 2. Using the map, describe the location of the Horn of more films than Hollywood annually. Africa. Migration The movement of people. 7. What is the Megacity Pro- 7. A project aimed at improving the ject? city of Lagos. The work is carried out Tier 2 vocabulary Definition by a task force. Poverty When you have to live without 8. What are the negatives (bad 8. People’s houses are knocked the basic rights and conditions things) of the Megacity Pro- down & small businesses are de- enjoyed by the majority. ject? stroyed. The Task Force workers can Exploited When someone is unfairly taken be violent. advantage of. 9. What happens on Sanitation 9. Once a month on a Sunday the

Scavenger A person who searches for and Day? people of Lagos are expected to collects rubbish so that they can clean their local area. If not clean the residents face a fine. sell it. Population The amount of people in one ar- 10. How many countries make 10. 4—Ethiopia, Eritrea, Djibouti, ea. up the Horn of Africa? Somalia Colonialism Takes place when a country or 11. What is the population of 11. 122 million (2016) nation takes control of another. the Horn of Africa?

23 Subject: History Year: 7 Term: Spring 1 Achieve at BBA Section 1: Key Vocabulary Section 2: Key Facts Section 3

Tier 3 vocabulary Definition Questions: Answers: Divine Right Belief that the King/Queen is Which family became the royal The Tudors. family of England in 1485? chosen by God Dissolution of the Closing down of monasteries When did Henry VIII become 1509. monasteries King? The Reformation The changes made in England that took England from being Catholic Who was his first wife? Catherine of Aragon. to Protestant—see below. Who refused to let Henry The Pope. Succession When the King or Queen dies and divorce Catherine? is replaced Why did Henry close the For money and land. The Poor Law Introduced in 1601 to prevent monasteries? beggars Henry accused them of breaking the rules of a monk. Roundheads Soldiers that fought for Why did Elizabeth I never To show her commitment to her Parliament in the English Civil War marry people/country Royalists Supporters of King Charles I Didn’t want to share power with a during the English Civil War husband. Interregnum The period of history in England What name is given to the The Spanish Armada Study the maps above. Explain who is gradually without a monarch. fleet of ships that attempted winning. Describe the progress made in the English Tier 2 vocabulary Definition to invade England in 1588? Civil War by Parliament. Pope The leader of the Roman Catholic Church. What event sparked the Charles attempting to arrest 5 Protestant Type of Christian that is separate English Civil War? Members of Parliament from the Roman Catholic Church What is Parliament? A building in London where politicians discuss how to run the Follows the Roman Catholic Catholic country. Church, led by the Pope Monastery Where monks live and work What was the name of The New Model Army Parliament’s army? Monk A person that works for the Who ruled England during the Oliver Cromwell Church and commits their life to Interregnum? This is a painting of the execution of Charles I in 1649. it. Follows strict rules. Explain why this would have been so shocking at the Annulment A marriage is declared illegal and Name one thing Cromwell Christmas, football, dancing, pubs, banned make-up and lots more! time. HINT—see first Tier 3 vocabulary to have never existed 24 Subject: Spanish Year: 7 Term: Spring 1 Achieve at BBA Section 1: Key Vocabulary Section 2: Key Questions Section 3 Español Definition Questions: Answers:  ¿Qué estudias? Estudio I study ¿Te gusta….) Es / Son…  aburrido/a (boring)  ¿Qué hay en tu instituto? ciencias science  difícil (difficult)  divertido/a(fun)  ¿Cómo son tus profesores? dibujo art  fácil (easy)  importante educación física PE  interesante geografía geography  práctico/a(practical)  útil(useful) historia history ¿Cómo es tu El professor / la profesora es… informática ICT profesor/a?  raro/a (odd)  severo/a (strict) inglés English  paciente (patient)

matemáticas maths  amable (friendly)

¿Qué haces durante el recreo? Como… Mi profesor es... música music opinions  un bocadillo (sandwich)

 unos caramelos (sweets) religión RE

 chicle (chewing gum) teatro drama  una chocolatina  fruta (fruit) tecnología DT  unas patatas fritas (crisps)

Hay... Bebo… un campo de fútbol a football field opinions  agua (water) un comedor a dining hall  un refresco (a fizzy drink)

 un zumo (juice) En mi instituto...

Time phrases, connectives, phrases, Timeconnectives, etc impressive vocabulary un gimnasio a gymnasium  Leo mis SMS (I read my texts) un patio a playground  Escribo SMS (I send texts)

Estudio... una biblioteca a library  Hago mis deberes (I do my H/W)

opinions  Hablo con mis amigos (I talk to una piscina a swimming pool my friends)  Escucho música (I listen to music) unos laboratorios some laboratories  Juego al fútbol (I play football)

25 Subject: ICT Topic: Programming Year: 7 Term: Spring 1 Achieve at BBA Section 1: Key Vocabulary Section 2: Key Facts Section 3 Tier 3 Vocabulary Definition Questions: Answers: Pseudocode A way of writing an algorithm that is close to What is a string? A string is a type of variable that hold actual programming language, using coding- data values made up of ordered style constructs such as IF…THEN…ELSE, loops sequences of characters. and array notation as appropriate. What is the difference 2 is an integer, "2" is a character. between the data values 2 Iteration Where a program will execute a group of and "2"? instructions zero or more times based on a What can the arithmetic Add, subtract, multiply, divide, integer condition. FOR loops will execute instructions operations do? division (DIV) and modulus (MOD) a specific number of times, REPEAT…UNTIL loops for one or more times and WHILE…DO What is an algorithm? An algorithm is a list of rules to follow Explain what is happening in the loops for zero or more times. in order to solve a problem. flowchart. Sequences The order that commands are executed by a What are the different logical AND, OR, NOT computer, allows us to carry out tasks that operators? have multiple steps. Algorithms An algorithm is a step by step method of How do algorithms decide Algorithms use control flow to make solving a problem. It is commonly used for which order to do things in? decisions about which order to do data processing, calculation and other related things. computer and mathematical operations. Which programming Iteration is the process of repeating Language A syntactically allowable part of a program construct allows an algorithm instructions within a program. Constructs that may be formed from one or more lexical to repeat instructions? What is Flowol? Programming visually with a flowchart Describe what each symbol is and how they work together tokens in accordance with the rules of a allows the student to focus on the in a flow chart. programming language. In simpler terms, it is logic of their solution rather than the the syntax/way a programming language is Using the symbols above, create a flowchart to make a cup syntax of a written program. Flowol written. of tea. Decomposition Is one of the four cornerstones of Computer supports many programming Science. It involves breaking down a complex elements: sequences of instructions. problem or system into smaller parts that are branching using decisions, loops more manageable and easier to understand. (infinite, or based on a condition or count). Tier 2 Vocabulary Definition What are flowcharts A flow hart is a graphical or symbolic Data Types A formal description of the type of data being representation of a process. Each step stored in a variable. It defines the amount of in the process is represented by a memory required and the type of operations different symbol and contains a short that can be performed on that variable. description of the process step. The Selection A decision within a computer program when flowchart symbols are linked together the program decides to move on based on the with arrows showing the process flow Describe what each symbol is and how they work results of an event. direction. together in a flow chart. 26 Subject: Graphics Year: 7 Term: Spring 1 Achieve at BBA

Section 1: Key Vocabulary Section 2: Important Ideas Section 3: Tier 3 Vocabulary Definition 1. What is typography? 1. Creative artistic lettering. Two -dimensional An object that is flat so that it has width Study the Creative Typography below. Look how and height but no thickness 2. What happens to an 2. The object gets smaller in the designer has used lots of little junk foods to Three – A solid rather than a flat object 3D object as it moves farther appearance. make up each of the letters of the word FOOD. dimensional into the distance? The other examples have taken the subject of the Perspective The art of representing three dimensional 3. How does an object 3. The object appears bigger. word and used imagery to represent them. objects on a two dimensional surface. appear when it’s moving Illusion Something that is false or not real but closer to you? seems to be true or real. 4. What does perspective 4. Perspective creates an illusion Horizon The viewers eye line. create? of space.

Vanishing point A point on the horizon into which all 5. How do you create one 5. By creating one vanishing objects vanish. point perspective? point. Converging Lines Lines that meet at the vanishing point.

Typography The style, arrangement, or appearance of 6. How do you create two 6. By creating two vanishing printed letters on a page point perspective in a points Task: Create your name in creative typography? Tier 2 Vocabulary Definition drawing? Think about using images which best represent you. Distance The length and space of two points. 7. What does orthographic 7. Front view, side view and plan

Surface The surface of something is the flat top drawing usually consist of? view. part of it or the outside of it Height The measurement of someone or 8. Explain the technique of 9. Tone is the lightness or

something from head to foot or from base sketching. darkness of something. This could to top. be a shade or how dark or light a colour appears. Width The measurement or extent of something 9. When drawing an 9. Tone is the lightness or from side to side; the lesser of two or the least of three dimensions of a body. object what is tone? darkness of something. This could be a shade or how dark or light a Depth The distance from the top or surface to the colour appears. bottom of something. 10. What is form? 10. Form is a three dimensional

shape, such as a cube, sphere or Object A material thing that can be seen and cone. touched.

27 Subject: Resistant Material Year: 7 Term: Spring 1 Achieve at BBA Section 1: Key Vocabulary Section 2: Important Ideas Section 3: Tier 3 Vocabulary Definition 1. Which kind of saw would A tenon saw Aesthetics The study of the shape or form of everyday products; as you use for cutting wood in, “That product is aesthetically pleasing” straight? Analysis Looking in detail at the design problem, what the 2. Which kind of saw would A junior Hacksaw problem involves, what needs to be looked at you use for cutting metal and (researched), and who needs to be consulted for advice. plastic straight? Client A person whom the designer is making the product for, and they may be different to the end user or consumer. 3. Which kind of saw would A coping Saw For example designing clothes for Monsoon, Marks and you use for cutting curves in Spencer etc. wood? Consumer A person who buys products and uses them for their 4. Most trimming is done Cross-Filing intended purpose. by ...... with a file. Design Brief A single sentence that states exactly what the design problem is 5. Which method of filing Draw-Filing Evaluation The process of recording the good and bad features of would you use to obtain a the final design/product, what other people think of it good finish? and what you would change if you were to repeat the 6. Small pieces of wood and A belt sander design task. plastics can be trimmed on what kind of machine? Model An attempt to build a version of your design to see if it works, if it is the right size or if it looks good. This could 7. What is tolerance? When we describe the word be done using CAD. tolerance we are really defining how Task: Draw out the tools/equipment and make sure Planning The process of sorting out how the design work will be much variation from a precise size they are labelled correctly. Describe what each is done, how the product will be made, which processes specification can be allowed. used for during your practical lessons. get done first and the time needed for all of these 8. What is QC? Quality Control (QC) is a technique activities. used in all areas of manufacturing. It Quality The guarantee a company can give that their product is a technique used to check quality Assurance will be reliable based upon the results of the tests against a set standard or carried out when the product was made. specification. It may be used to Quality Individual tests carried out to check the product is being check the dimensions of a product Control assembled correctly during production. or component. Repair Repair the product, don’t throw it away. Graphics – 9. How do we ensure good Quality Control requires constant facelift. Systems – fix it. Design for disassembly so parts QC? inspection throughout the CROSS-FILING are not thrown away. manufacturing process in order to Strength The ability of a material to resist pressure/loads. detect products which are not up to Function What the product is used for the required standard. Testing The process of trying out a product to see if it does its 10. What tool would you use A try square job or to see if it is strong enough or durable enough. to mark out or find out a 90 -

Environment Where the product would be used degree angle? DRAW-FILING

28 Subject: Food Technology Topic: Being Healthy Year: 7 Term: Spring 1 Achieve at BBA

Section 1: Key Vocabulary Section 2: Important Ideas Section 3: Tier 3 Vocabulary Definition 1.What are the causes of 1.The multiplication of harmful Copy the diagrams and label them: food poisoning? bacteria Obesity The state of being grossly overweight Vitamins Required in small quantities in the diet because 2.What demonstrates a 2.The Eatwell Guide they cannot be produced by the body balanced diet?

Minerals Substances necessary for the maintenance of good health. 3.How do our bones and 3. Food high in calcium, dairy, Macronutrient A type of food (e.g. fat, protein, carbohydrate) teeth stay strong and cheese, butter, milk required in large amounts in the diet. support our growth? Micronutrient Substance required in small amounts for normal 4. What does protein do for 4. It helps with the growth and growth and development (vitamins and minerals) the body? repair of skin tissue and muscle Calcium A mineral needed for the growth of bones. Sources 5. What helps to build the 5. Fruits and vegetables help to build of calcium: dairy foods and some leafy green Answer the questions, draw and label the diagrams : body’s immune system? our defences against disease and vegetables. Why do we use the bridge and claw method ? Protein Found in meat, milk, eggs, and beans, made up of viruses. amino acids, essential for growth and repair. 6. How can we maintain 6. Follow the Eatwell Guide using good health through diet? the section to help with portion Iron Known as the blood mineral. Deficiency of iron is a sizes. common cause of anaemia. Food sources of iron: 7. What are the 7. Malnutrition, obesity, diabetes, meat, poultry, eggs, vegetables and cereals. consequences of not heart disease, high cholesterol, high High cholesterol Associated with an increased risk of coronary heart following a balanced diet? blood pressure. disease. 8. What are the results of 8. Rickets from a lack of calcium, Green for good Amber for ok Red for bad Fats A natural oily substance occurring in animal deficient in nutrients? anorexia from a lack of calories, products, junk foods and ready meals anaemia from a lack of iron Dietary Fibre Indigestible portion of food from plants which helps 9.What is the safest 9.The bridge and claw method digestion method of cutting an Diet The foods that a person regularly eats onion? Tier 2 vocabulary Definition 10.How are bacteria killed? 10. hot soapy water, using Nutrients Provide nourishment essential for the maintenance disinfectant or cook the food to a of life and for growth core temperature of 72 degrees Calories A type of energy, consumed through food and 11.What are things to 11. 5 fruit and vegetables a day, eat drink. change in your diet to be less fat, salt and sugar, drink more Appearance How a product or dish looks more healthy? water, don’t snack between meals Evaluate Form an idea of the value or assess, the quality or 12. What is the cause of 12. High cholesterol, which can lead GDA: Guided daily allowance effectiveness of a piece of work. blocked arteries? to strokes.

29 Subject: Art and Design Year: 7 Term: Spring 1 Achieve at BBA Section 1: Key Vocabulary Section 2: Important ideas Section 3:

Tier 3 vocabulary Definition 1 Name the 3 primary 1. Red, Yellow, Blue Colour Theory Colour Wheel Primary colour A colour that is pure and can not be made by colours other colours Secondary colour A colour made by mixing two primary colours 2. Name the 3 secondary 2. Green , Orange, Purple Tertiary colour Three primary colours mixed together to creates colours brown tones Harmonious colours Colours next to each other on the colour wheel 3. What are the 3 sets of 3. Red and green, purple and yellow , complementary colours? blue and orange Complementary Colours that are opposite on the colour wheel colours

Blending Using two colours and applying one over the top 4.What is a good blending 4. To apply or blend colours all in one to create a new colour, eg red /orange technique when using direction and where pencil crayon is Shades Adding black to a colour colouring crayons? applied evenly while leaving no gaps

Tints Adding white to a colour

Tones Adding grey to a colour 5. What colour should you 5. The lightest colours first as you use first? can always go darker Hatching Colouring in one direction 6. What colours do you 6. Black; as you will not pollute any add last and why? of your colours or it can be used to Cross hatching Colouring in two different directions to create a outline or neaten edges. cross formation Symmetrical The same shape and size on both sides of an 7. How do you use tracing 7.Trace your image, turn tracing object paper? paper over, then trace over image Bright A colour that stands out again in the position you want it on your paper Repeat pattern An image made up of repeated shapes in order 8. How do you make 8.Red + Yellow = Orange Tier 2 vocabulary Definition orange? Design plan A sheet of ideas that show variations for a final design Apply To use 9. How do you make 9. Red + Blue = Purple Techniques A skilful or efficient way of doing something purple?

Application The action of applying something to a surface 10.How do you make 10.Yellow + Blue = Green green?

30 Subject: Music Year: 7 Term: Spring 1 Achieve at BBA Section 1: Key Vocabulary Section 2: Important ideas Section 3: Facts/Context/Historical Tier 3 vocabulary Definition relevance/dates A Portuguese and Spanish word meaning 1. What is samba music 1. Samba music is used most commonly Bateria drum kit. It is the term used to refer to commonly used for? for carnivals. It is loud and vibrant music the set of drums used in Samba music. that helps create the carnival atmosphere. Apito A whistle. It is used by the leader to 2. Where does samba 2. Samba music is from Brazil. It signal transitions. These transitions originate from? developed in the late 19th and early Caixa could include changes in timbre or 20th centuries in the favelas or rhythmic pattern. slums, of . Its roots Surdo Call and response One person plays (or sings) a musical come from old Bahian (a state in phrase which is then responded to by a Brazil) music and dance styles which group. They may copy the call or connect back to the African slaves. perform a different phrase, like a musical conversation. 3. What part of the music 3. The surdo plays the beat. This helps does the surdo play? keep everyone else together. Chocalho Repenique Polyrhythm The use of several rhythms performed 4. What happens during the 4. This is where different sections of the simultaneously, often overlapping to musical break? band have an opportunity to show off create a thick, polyrhythmic texture. their skills. Some sections will be silent. This is often improvised. Syncopation A way of changing a rhythm by making some notes sound a bit early, often so 5. What are the 5. Batucada is characterised by that they cross over the main beat of the characteristics of batucada? repetitive rhythms and a fast pace. music, emphasising the weak or off Agogo bells Tambourim beats. 6. What other form of 6. Samba is also a form of dance. It is a Cyclic rhythm A rhythm which is repeated over and Performing Arts is samba? dance that involves rapid steps and over again. swaying. A rhythm that is played over and over Ostinato 7. What is a samba school? 7. It is a club or group. They practice again. A repeated pattern. and often perform in huge square- Ganza Groove The main ostinato that is heard most of compounds devoted to practising and Pandeiro the way through a piece of samba music. exhibiting samba. The schools (which are

structured more like a guild) have a Learn the names of the in- Tier 2 vocabulary Definition strong community basis and are struments and how to spell Simultaneously At the same time. traditionally associated with a particular them. Transition Changing from one section to another. neighbourhood. A passage that links two musical ideas. 8. What does the master 8. The master drummer leads the call Apito drummer do> and response. They usually have the Integral Necessary to make a whole complete; apito and decide when the sections essential or fundamental. need to move on. 31 Subject: Drama Year: 7 Term: Spring 1 Achieve at BBA Section 3: Facts/Context/Historical Section 1: Key Vocabulary Section 2: Important ideas relevance/dates Tier 3 vocabulary Definition 1. What is In Role Writing? 1. In Role Writing is used to develop Hot-Seating Hot Seating Hot Seating is a technique used to a character. The actor puts

develop a character. Actors sit in the Hot themselves in their character’s Seat and answer questions in role from shoes to write either a diary entry, other actors/characters. The aim is to blog or text message from their deepen role understanding. character’s point of view.

In Role Writing In Role Writing is used to develop a 2. What is Hot Seating? 2. Hot Seating is a technique used character. The actor puts themselves in to develop a character. Actors sit in

their character’s shoes to write either a the Hot Seat and answer questions diary entry, blog or text message from in role from other actors/ their character’s point of view. characters.

Role on the Wall A Role on the Wall is used to develop a 3.Why would an actor use a 3. To develop their character character. It is an outline figure of a referring to events in the play and Role on the Wall? Hot-Seating is a rehearsal techniques used to explore and person that an actor uses to think about how they would make the character develop characters. how the events in the play affect the feel. character and their feelings/moods. Think about the role that you are currently playing. Write 4. Why would an actor use 4. To explore what you would do if What if? What If is also known as the ‘Magic If’. out 5 key questions that you would ask your character and you put yourself in the character’s This technique means that the actor puts the What If technique? write the answer for each question. situation themselves into the characters situation

and asks what they would do if they were in the same situation. 5. How can an actor create a 5. By thinking about and developing To extend your character development, can you now put character? their movements, vocals and yourself in your characters shoes and write a personal diary Character A Character is the way an actor plays a reactions to events in the play. role, using their acting skills to create a entry that reveals your characters true thoughts and character in drama. You can show a emotions. You may want to consider the following: character in the way you walk and move 6. How is Hot Seating used 6. Hot Seating is used by the actor to 1. What is happening to your character in your play? (body language), in the way you speak by an actor? deepen character understanding. (vocal qualities) and in your reaction to 2. What do others think about your character? events in the drama. 3. What is, or could be, happening to your character 7. Why is developing a 7. Developing a character is behind the scenes? Tier 2 Vocabulary Definition character important? important so that the audience Ensemble An Ensemble cast is made up of cast 4. What is motivating your character? Do they want believes the role that you are members in which the principal actors playing and so that you understand something? and performers are assigned roughly the character well enough to make equal roles. 5. What does your character feel? them believable.

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