Diets and

Paul Zykofsky, AICP Local Government Commission

Sacramento, CA

“Classic Road Diet”

4 to 3

San Antonio TX On- parking Median Bike Lanes

Center Turn-

Road diets: reclaim street space for other uses Seattle WA

3 crash types can be reduced by going from 4 to 3 lanes: 1 – rear enders

X

Road Diets and Operations 3 crash types can be reduced by going from 4 to 3 lanes: 2 – side swipes

X

Road Diets and Traffic Operations

3 crash types can be reduced by going from 4 to 3 lanes: 3 – left turn/broadside

X

Road Diets and Traffic Operations Road Diets in Seattle (4 to 3 lanes)

Benefits of road diets for bicyclists and pedestrians?

! Provide space to add bicycle lanes ! Reduce crossing distance ! Eliminate or reduce “multiple threat” crash types ! Install crossing island to cross in 2 simple steps ! Reduce top end travel speeds ! Buffer from travel lanes (parking or ) ! Reclaim street space for “higher and better use” than moving peak hour traffic Before

Charlotte NC

After Before

Reclaiming road space creates room for bicycle

Charlotte NC lanes and pedestrian islands Case study: Edgewater Drive Resurfacing Project (Orlando, FL) • $589,000 project scheduled in FDOT 5-year work plan • FDOT open to 3-lane option if City takes over jurisdiction • Changes must be accepted by neighborhood and business associations; before/after studies

Before Concept

Reality: Before Reality: After

Before/after studies: 1. Crash rate

14.0 12.6 12.0 34% Reduction 10.0

MVM) 8.4 8.0 (per

6.0 Rate 1 crash every 1 crash every 4.0 2.5 days 4.2 days Crash (146 per yr) (87 per yr) 2.0

0.0 Before After Before/after studies: 2. Injury rate

4.0 3.6 3.5

3.0

MVM) 2.5 68% Reduction (per 2.0

Rate 1.5 1 injury every 1.2 9 days 1.0 Injury (41 per yr) 1 injury every 0.5 30 days (12 per yr) 0.0 Before After

Before/after studies: 3. Speeding analysis

35.0% 29.5% MPH 30.0% 36

25.0% over 19.6% 20.0% 15.7% 15.0% Traveling 9.8% 8.9% 10.0% 7.5%

Vehicles 5.0% of

0.0% Before After Before After Before After

Percent North End Middle South End Before/after studies: 4. Traffic volumes

25,000 20,500 20,000 18,100 Day 15,000 per

10,000 Now 21,000+ Vehicles 5,000

0 Before After

Before/after studies: 5. On-street parking utilization

45% 41% 40% 35% 30% 29% Percentage 25% 20% 15% Utilization 10% 5% Parking 0% Before After Before/after studies: 6. Pedestrian volumes

3000 23% Increase 2,632 2500 2,136 2000

Pedestrians 1500 of 1000

Number 500

0 Before After

Before/after studies: 7. Bicyclist volumes

600 30% Increase 486 500 375 400 Bicycles 300 of

200 Number 100

0 Before After Road Diet — Before Pottstown, PA

Road Diet — After Pottstown, PA There’s potential on one-way too: Is this street operating at capacity?

Boise ID

Road Diet on one-way street: This area was recaptured from a 4th travel lane; the street took on a whole new life

Portland OR 68 Feet

La Jolla , Bird Rock, San Diego, California Before

14 Feet

La Jolla Boulevard, Bird Rock, San Diego, California After La Jolla Boulevard, Bird Rock, San Diego After

La Jolla Boulevard, Bird Rock, San Diego After Roundabouts Benefits: Injuries and crashes reduced 90% 30% more traffic capacity Gateway entry Pedestrian-friendly Low traffic speeds Reduced noise Reduced emissions Reduced maintenance Business-friendly

Roundabout design characteristics

Separated sidewalk to direct peds to crosswalks

Slow speed exit Splitter island

Truck apron

Lots of deflection for slow speeds throughout Crosswalk 1 car length back Slow speed entry with yield

Bend OR Roundabouts are safer

32 vehicle-to- vehicle conflicts 24 vehicle-to- pedestrian conflicts

“Results of this study indicate that converting conventional intersections from stop sign or 8 vehicle-to-vehicle traffic signal control can produce conflicts substantial reductions in motor 8 vehicle-to- vehicle crashes.” pedestrian conflicts March 2000 Study by the Insurance Institute for Safety

Before One pedestrian fatality per year

Bradenton Beach, FL, of State Routes 684 and 789

After Zero pedestrian fatalities in over 8 years Roundabouts and Pedestrians

18 mph

18 mph 14 feet

Grand Junction, Colorado

Sacramento, CA West River Drive and Orchard Lane Sacramento, CA West River Drive and Orchard Lane Roundabouts and Bicyclists Montpelier, VT University Place, WA

Davis, CA Roundabouts, Trucks and Fire Departments

Petaluma, CA — at Corona Road and Sonoma Mountain Roundabout Fire Station #2, 1001 N. McDowell Blvd.

Petaluma, CA — Roundabout at Corona Road and Sonoma Mountain Parkway

Mountable for large trucks, emergency responders

Petaluma, CA — Roundabout at Corona Road and Sonoma Mountain Parkway Mountable Curb can be used by large trucks, emergency responders

Fort Pierce, FL

Roundabout problems for blind pedestrians: • Circulating traffic masks the sound cues the blind use to identify gaps and masks the sound of yielding vehicles • Tangential circulating roadway, tangential exit => high speed (worse at 2-lane roundabouts)

Towson MD