South Dakota Farm and Home Research SDSU Agricultural Experiment Station
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South Dakota State University Open PRAIRIE: Open Public Research Access Institutional Repository and Information Exchange South Dakota Farm and Home Research SDSU Agricultural Experiment Station Fall 1969 South Dakota Farm and Home Research Agricultural Experiment Station, South Dakota State University Follow this and additional works at: http://openprairie.sdstate.edu/agexperimentsta_sd-fhr Part of the Agriculture Commons Recommended Citation Agricultural Experiment Station, South Dakota State University, "South Dakota Farm and Home Research" (1969). South Dakota Farm and Home Research. 77. http://openprairie.sdstate.edu/agexperimentsta_sd-fhr/77 This Magazine is brought to you for free and open access by the SDSU Agricultural Experiment Station at Open PRAIRIE: Open Public Research Access Institutional Repository and Information Exchange. It has been accepted for inclusion in South Dakota Farm and Home Research by an authorized administrator of Open PRAIRIE: Open Public Research Access Institutional Repository and Information Exchange. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Sensing the Se'Jlenties ••• Front-CJJack Cot'ers ( see page 22) b3o,1 So11,1'2- V . ~cJ ,n'1, '1' ,,(,&\ ' f<A IJ COLLEGE OF AGRICULTURE AND BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES SOUTH DAKOTA STATE UNIVERSITY Brookings, South Dakota 57006 OFFIC_E or THE DEAN AND DIIU:CTOR 154 AGRICULTURAL HALL • Area Code 605, Pl,o,re 688-5131 This 82nd annual repo.rt of the Agricultural Experiment Station is .intended to make availab'le to South Dakotans an 11 inventory11 of agricultural research as we go into what l believe will be the 11 Stupendous Seventies. 11 The inventory will provide a look at what we are doing now, some of the major accomplishments of the 1960 1.s, and a few of the things that might be expected in the ~uture • . Although most of the time there are more problems than solutions, we have made remarkable progress. We expect this progress to continue at an expanded, accelerated pace. It will take a lot of hard work. Success must be used not only to overcome problems but to provide encouragement to rise and start again when we1 encounter failures. The Agricultural Experiment Station provides one of South Dakota's best investments: research which will advance our top industry of agriculture. Every South Dakotan is a member of this investment team · and has a stake in the outcome. · The philosophy of sharing whatever knowledge we may have is a trade mark of land-grant institutions such as South Dakota State University. With this _annual report we wish to share information about the hundreds of things which make up our agricultural resear.ch effort. No attempt is made to go into detail. Additional details may be found in our bulletins and other publication$ of research results; in South Dakota Farm & Home Research, which is a quarterly progress report of our activities; in newspapers, magazines, and on radio and television. lf you desire additional information, ·we will be happy to attempt to provide it for you. ~()d~) Dean, College of Agriculture and Biological Sciences and Director, Agricultural Experiment .. Station DA: ras A land-grant univernty eennng South DakotaM through Teaching-Re.earch-E:rte,anon 82nd Annual Report I , I Agricultural Experiment Station Animal Health ---------------------------------------- 4 (VS, Bact, EZ, SB, AS) South Dakota State University Community and Public Affairs .__ ___ _____ ___ 6 (RS, Econ) · Brookings Crop and Soils ____ ·----- ·---------------------------- 6 (Agron, BB, AE, WRI, Bact) Eng i nee ring ______________ _____ ____ -------------- ___ ____ _14 (AE, WRI) Fertilizers ______ _________ __________________ ____ .--- __ __ 16 This annual report departs somewhat from the format used in (Agron) . previous years: Home and Consumer _____________________ _____ _16 • Accomplishments have been.listed as far as possible under sub (DS, AS, HE, Bact) ject headings. Garden and Orchard ___ ___ __ _____ ___________ __ 18 • Although current activities and accomplishments are empha (HF) sized, some major accomplishments of the decade are also in Insects -·- ---- ___ ._ ·---- ____ _ ·· ---- --------- ... __ ____ 20 cluded. A small look into the future may be obtained under the (EZ, HF, PP) "Upcoming or Needed" headings that include scheduled future Institute~ __ __________ __ ___ _______ _________________ ________ 22 research or problems scientists believe should be studied. Irrigation, Water Resources ___________________ 24 • No attempt is made to cover every phase of every project. In (Agron, AE, PP, HF, Econ, AS, WRI) many ~ases several years are needed to obtain results from Livestock __ ·---- __ ____________________________ ___ 27 research. Progress or absolute results may not be readily avail (AS, DS, AE, PP, VS) able or apparent at any one point in time. M~nagement, Marketing, Business ____ 31 · The complete report, however, identifies all ·pr?jects now under (Econ, HE, WRI) way, the names of persons heading these projects, and the depart Pia nt Diseases _____ _____________ ____ ______ __ ___ __ ____ 32 ments concerned. Projects are -listed by departments. The subject (PP, BB) heading index provides a means of readily -identifying departments Pollution _ __ _____ ______ ___ ___ __ ____ ____ 35 ., J with activities under the various .headings. Publications, agricuhural (AE, WRI, Engr. Exp. Sta., Agron, advisory groups, staff, and financial statement are at the back of the EZ, SB, WFS, Bact) book. · · Range ___ ___ ·----- __ ________ _--- ··-- _____________ ___ _________ 36 Most items under each subject heading are followed by letters in (AS, Agron, AE) parentheses which designate the department( s) involved. The depart Sociology -- · __ _______ _____ ______ __ _____ ____ ___ ___ ____ 37 ments of the Agricultural Experiment Station and their letter designa (RS) tions as used here: Wildlife and Fisheries __ ____ ___ _____ _______ ,37 (WFS, AS, WRI, HE) AE-Agricultural Engineering OS-Dairy Science Agron-Agronomy ( Note: the Agron Econ-Economics Special, Service Type Activities __ __ _____ _40 my Department and Plant EZ-Entomology-Zoology List of Projects ____ ___ _____________ ___ __ ____ _____ _____ 42 Pathology Department were HE-Home Economics merged into the new Plant Sci HF-Horticulture-Forestry List of Publications ___ __________ ____ __ ______________45 ence Department, .effective July PP-Plant Pathology ( see Agronomy) 1, 1969) RS-Rural Sociology Staff ___ _______ _____ __________ __ ______ ______________________ 52 AS-Animal Science SB-Station Biochemistry Finaocial Statement ________ ___ _____ _______ ___ _____ 53 Bact-Bacteriology VS-Veterinary Science BB-Botany-Biology WFS-Wildlife and· Fisheries Sciences. Agricultural Advisory Groups _______ --:----54 Published quarterly by the Agricultural . Experiment Station, South Dakota State Uni 82nd Annual Report versity, Brookings, South Dakota. This pub lication will be sent free to any resident of Vol. XX Fall 1969 No. 4 South Dakota in response to a written request. To simplify terminology, trade names of Duane Acker products or equipment are sometimes -used. No endorsement of specific products or Dean, College of Agriculture and equipment named is intended, nor is criticism Biological Sciences, and Director, implied of those not mentioned. Agricultural Experiment Station Material appearing in this publication may South Dakota be reprinted provided the ' meaning is not Frank J. Shideler changed and credit is given the author and Editor (Editorial Office, State Unive r sity the South Dakota Agricultural Experiment South Dakota State University, Station. SERVING Tl-IE PEOPLE OF SOUTH DAKOTA Brookings, S. Oak. 57006 TI-IROUGI-I TEACHING, RESEARCH, EXTENSION 3 Animal Health pheasant As commercial pheasant raising and the wild will help determine correlations among factors estab botulism pheasant populations are of economic impor- lished in investigations. New and more sophisticated tance to South Dakota, a study of botulism is techniques are being sought as specimens submitted underway in these birds. This disease causes consid from field cases of abortion are-subjected to· a battery erable loss of birds on game farms and in the wild. of detailed laboratory examinations. In the last half Frequently in late summer large populations of the of the year, abortion cases investigated totaled 284 toxic bacteria causing botulism build up in mud for cattle, 48 for sheep and 23 for swine. In addition flats or dried up lakes. Pheasants drinking water or to providing more information for the laboratory, feeding in such areas often contract the disease, which this research will be of use to the practicing veterinarian mainly affects the nei::vous system. Current research in controlling this large economic loss to South Dakota. _reveals that of the five strains produced in this work, (VS) two C types and an unidentified strain are the only bvd Investigations have been completed on disease ones affecting pheasants. Types D and E used were · disease conditions in cattle which may be a result of poisonous to mice but had no effect _on pheasants. bovine virus diarrhea virus ( BVD). Some of Reactions of pheasants to various toxins are closely these conditions are abortion in pregnant animals, and observed ( including moving pictures of typical cases) lameness and diarrhea in feedlot calves. Preliminary re- · · and post mortems conducted. From toxins that cause search that shows development of immunity ( detect- · the disease, toxoids or "protector" materials are