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12 Rebirth of a Nation The American Legion Magazine, a leader among national general-interest Thanks to foreign aid, freedom and publications, is published monthly by determination, Afghans face a new The American Legion for its 2.7 million and brighter future. By Ben Barber members. These wartime veterans, working through 15,000 community-level 22 Justice Without Bars posts, dedicate themselves to God and Country and traditional American values; Portland, Ore., tries a nontraditional strong national security; adequate and approach to juvenile crime. compassionate care for veterans, their By John Raughter widows and orphans; community service; and the wholesome development of our 28 Fraud’s New Face nation’s youth. Cases of identity theft targeting seniors are up 200 percent, the Better Business Bureau says. 12 22 ‘Support for detention Interview by Steve Brooks ‘Afghanistan’s future alternatives has come from is being written surprising quarters – 32 To Walk Again before our eyes.’ including prosecutors.’ VA researchers study ways to “retrain” injured spinal cords. By Dr. Stephan D. Fihn 34 How Not to Make a Killing Investing in companies that do business with terror states aids the enemy. By Frank J. Gaffney Jr. 1 28 ‘I don’t care what stage of life 4 Vet Voice you’re in. 8 Commander’s You can be Message affected by 10 Big Issues fraud.’ 38 Rapid Fire 48 Comrades 56 Parting Shots

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❑ Service Branch: Check (✓) choice: NEWCOH-ALM-0405 Internet address: http://www.legion.org. ❑ Army ❑ Navy ❑ Air Force Address ______❑ Marine ❑ Coast Guard Change of Address: Notify The American Legion, City _____State _ Zip ______Data Services, P.O. Box 1954, Indianapolis, IN 46206. ❑ (317) 860-3111. Attach old address label, provide old Initials Desired (3): ______and new addresses and current membership card Signature ______number. ❑ Service Yrs: ______to ______Canada Post International Publications Mall (Canadian Distribution) Sales Agreement No. 546321. Re-entered I NEED SEND NO MONEY NOW. Bill me in four Phone # ______monthly installments of $48.75* each, with the first second-class mail matter at Manila Central Post * Plus $9.95 for engraving, shipping, and handling. office dated Dec. 22, 1991. payment due prior to shipment. A custom ring sizer will PA residents add 6% ($12.30) sales tax. be sent to me before shipment to assure my correct fit. Printed in USA © ICM 2002-2005 These rings have been registered with the Member Audit Bureau of Circulations And my satisfaction is completely guaranteed. United States Copyright Office, as sculpture. VISIT VETERANS COMMEMORATIVES™ ONLINE AT WWW.VETCOM.COM Revolutionary • Easy-to-Use New CORDLESS Electric Mower! The Amazing NEUTON® Mower makes it easier than ever before to care for small lawns!

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A Legion for all The ACLU vs. Boy Scouts It is indeed a credit to our organization that we After reading the article about publish such a magazine. The timeliness of DoD’s settlement with the ACLU February’s cover during Black History Month (“Legion Stands Up for Scouts,” illustrates our commitment to overcome any February), I was upset, to say the latent issues of discrimination that may linger in least. Sen. Bill Frist’s comment the minds of some, and it serves to send a struck a chord with me: “There message that this is indeed an American is fresh evidence that the ACLU Legion dedicated to the integration and intends to end all federal support participation of all races, creeds and colors. – Ralph F. Browne Jr., Boston for Boy Scouts of America. In their view, where there is ‘Harlem’s Hell Fighters’ unfair, unbalanced and distorted government there cannot be I enjoyed reading the article on attack on everything French faith.” Now that the ACLU has the 369th Infantry (“Harlem’s (“Our Oldest Enemy”)? taken on the Scouts and DoD, it Hell Fighters,” February). They – Robert L. Mac Kinnon, won’t be long until it goes after certainly had an outstanding Carrollton, Md. the Chaplain Corps. record as soldiers, never mind as – Doug Thompson, Solon, Iowa soldiers who were discriminated ‘Our Oldest Enemy’ against because of their race. It “Our Oldest Enemy” is a I am one veteran who would brings to mind my own time in travesty not only against the not be where he is today were it the Army, 1966 to 1969. I was French people but the millions not for the Boy Scouts. I started supposedly in a fully integrated of Americans who have enjoyed as a Cub Scout and worked my Army, yet it seemed blacks were visiting France. The authors way up to the highest rank somehow kept out of the safer ignored the many positive roles Scouting has to offer. Along the jobs and cushier assignments. played by France in the 200 way I learned essential survival While racism may not be offi - years of our republic, including skills, leadership, moral values cially sanctioned nowadays, or fi nancing the Revolution, hiding and integrity, all of which serve 4 so prevalent as it once was, I U.S. pilots shot down behind me well today as a noncommis-

4/2005 think a lot of it still goes on. Still enemy lines during World War I sioned offi cer in the military. Boy among us are those who seri- and French resistance against Scouts of America is the only ously believe the color of one’s the Vichy government. The organization in this country skin determines his worth and squabble over Iraq is about aside from the armed forces that abilities as a person. We are in French business interests, not has a diversifi ed group of people the 21st century, and I urge politics. The French have been representing all faiths, colors, people of every color and race to partners in international min- creeds and socioeconomic do everything they can to end all ing, fi shing, timber and manu- backgrounds, functioning quite aspects of racism. facturing. Rather than throw the well despite outside interference. – Chuck Provonchee, Cushing, Maine baby out with the bathwater, let Yet the ACLU endeavors to us look beyond this family destroy us. Is it not ironic that The article on “Harlem’s Hell disagreement to mutual prosper- the ACLU preaches tolerance yet Fighters” is superb. It describes ity in the next century. By then, would litigate its misguided the racial problems of the World the mistakes of present politi- version of morality onto our War I era yet gives credit to cians will be long forgotten. youth? In times of war and southern white offi cers who – Richard Selman, Kellogg, Idaho national crises, America has rounded up and controlled some called out for help and Scouters of their own troublemaking Thanks for the article on one have answered that call, some of troops. It goes on to show the of our real enemies: France. whom paid the ultimate price brave and successful record of the We’ve had such remarkable that others may live and continue black troops, a record of gallantry support from them in our valiant to enjoy the freedoms we as recognized by a grateful French efforts in Iraq. Wait until they Americans enjoy today. government that awarded the need our help. As always, we’ll I swore an oath to defend my Croix de Guerre to the entire be there to dig them out. “Expect country against all enemies, regiment. This is well-balanced ingratitude” is the best way to foreign and domestic. The ACLU and fair reporting. Why, oh why, characterize France. has come dangerously close to did you follow it with a terribly – Robert Ragsdale, Valatie, N.Y. treading on that line, and The Create Your Own Outdoor Room...In Just Seconds!

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Optional Screenroom Available! Visit us today at www.sunsetter.com ©2005 SunSetter vet voice American Legion has recognized $3,500. More than $4,000 write, the funeral home does not that challenge as a call to arms. remained completely unpaid. get any money at all until death God bless the Legion, and God In Mom’s case, a ground vault occurs. The funeral contract is bless America! was not included. That was backed by an insurance policy, – John E. Booth, Ilion, N.Y. $1,090, plus tax. The other hit and state regulations apply. was advanced fees to pay the When death occurs, any interest Rep. J.D. Hayworth, R-Ariz., gravedigger and the person who not used for the funeral service and columnist Hans Zieger are verifi ed the chosen grave was must be returned to the family. not “former” Eagle Scouts. I was unoccupied by a prior burial in As far as casket prices are a Scouting district commissioner the church’s cemetery. I didn’t concerned, because of “casket for three years, and every time have the funds left to fl y her to stores” a lot of funeral homes we held an Eagle board of review New Jersey to be buried with have lowered prices on their we stressed that attaining the Dad. My inability to grant her caskets. Check prices at both. rank of Eagle is not an end to a wishes because I couldn’t afford Also, a number of funeral long journey. It is a position of it now haunts my mind. directors tell me gasket seals on responsibility and honor that one – Peter Reynolds, West Paducah, Ky. caskets do not cause the body will hold, and be held account- inside to swell or bloat due to able for, the rest of his life. Once My wife and I had arranged our trapped gases. This conclusion is an Eagle, always an Eagle. funerals well in advance of her based on experiences with – Gus Hellzen, death, and I truly believe it was exhumed bodies. Live White Bear Lake, Minn. one of the best things we ever Bryce also suggests a “pay-on- did. In 2001, my wife died on a death” account, but they must The high cost of dying plane when we were returning pay at least a 3-percent interest “Death Be Not Expensive” from Europe. Although our rate to keep up with infl ation. In (February) is a masterpiece of residence is Des Moines, we most cases, funeral prices double information. At 94, my mother touched down in Cincinnati. We about every 10 years. Funeral died having assured me that carried cards listing the mortuary contracts I have sold all pay at 6 she’d made all the arrangements where we had planned our least 3 percent.

4/2005 through a prepaid funeral plan funerals. Upon confi rming my The death-care industry is a at a local funeral parlor down wife’s death, the airline radioed business like any other and the street. Though it was quite ahead, contacting our mortuary. therefore has some good and bad preplanned, it wasn’t fully paid It, in turn, contacted a mortuary actors. The best way is to deal for. First, the plan was subject to service in Cincinnati to handle with a family-owned funeral price infl ation. Second, my initial arrangements. The mortu- home and carefully read the mother’s fi nal payment had been ary sent my wife’s body on to Des price list, asking questions about required but never paid. So far Moines. As we had chosen our anything you don’t understand. as I could ascertain, no billing caskets and arranged internment – Howard Morehead, reminders had been sent to her at the local cemetery in advance, Independence, Mo. by the funeral home. Infl ation I was relieved of all those details. amounted to $350 difference, Not everyone will face similar Going ‘whole blog’ and in her case the previous circumstances, but prearrange- Thanks for the outstanding funeral-home operator was no ment avoids hard decisions at a article “The Blog” (February), longer alive. His heirs no longer most diffi cult time. and for helping us bloggers get included embalming in the – Don Lavender, Des Moines, Iowa the word out that there is an package; outsourcing it was a alternative to the so-called $400 add-on. Mom planned to be Although Robert Bryce is “mainstream media.” However, buried next to Dad in the family correct about large corporations, rather than merely dating plot in New Jersey. However, she which charge a lot of money for ourselves to the pamphleteers of died in Kentucky and hadn’t paid services performed, some areas the 20th century, I would assert enough for transportation costs, of his article require correction. a lineage back to 18th-century though they were “estimated” in To begin, interest paid on pre- Thomas Paine and his “Common the prepaid plan. She may have need plans does go to the funeral Sense” – a commodity in short thought her two small life- home to offset future price supply in the mass media. insurance policies covered increases due to higher cost. – Vince Milum, The Milum Blog, everything, but they totaled only However, under the contracts I www.milum.net WE SALUTE YOU.

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JEEP.COM *Must present current military ID, retirement or discharge papers at time of purchase. To be eligible, retirees must have at least 20 years of service. See your dealer for details. †7-year or 70,000-mile Powertrain Limited Warranty on all Jeep vehicles. See dealer for a copy of this limited warranty. Transferable to second owner with fee. A deductible applies. Jeep is a registered trademark of DaimlerChrysler Corporation. commander’s message All veterans are ‘core constituents’ udget hawks in Washington circle lower and lower in defi cit-spend- Bing years like this. They peer longingly at veterans. They dream up ways to cut the delayed cost of war and ease the burden of keeping America’s promises to honor the sacrifi ces of those who served in the armed forces. A common refrain is to ask veterans to pay more out of their own pockets for the VA health-care services they earned. This budget year, for instance, a $250 annual enrollment fee for VA health care is back on the table, as is a proposal to more than double the copayment for VA prescriptions. To further cut costs, leaders in Washington again are redefi ning what it means to be a veteran. They conjure up buzz-terms like “core constit- uency.” Veterans in that group, apparently, are more likely than others to expect future access to VA clinics and hospitals. The “core constitu- James Carroll V. ency” is a smaller, less costly population of veterans. And it’s convenient National Commander for future budget-makers. Because “core constituency” is not really Thomas P. Cadmus defi ned in law, it can keep getting smaller and smaller until gone. MEMORANDA The offi cial defi nition of a veteran can be found in Title 38, Section 101, of U.S. Code: “The term ‘veteran’ means a person who served in the SOLDIERS FOR SOLDIERS: active military, naval, or air service, and who was discharged or re- Spent inkjet cartridges and old cell phones are tossed into leased therefrom under conditions other than dishonorable.” landfi lls by the hundreds of U.S. Code mentions no “core constituency” because a veteran may be thousands. However, now they a former infantryman who marched through the swamps of the Mekong can help troops, veterans and Delta or a Parris Island drill instructor who taught him the skills to their families. The American survive there. U.S. Code bonds the Black Hawk pilot who outmaneu- Legion has unveiled a nation- 8 vered daily rocket attacks and the base crew that prepped his helicopter wide collection drive that could

4/2005 for every mission. A veteran may be a combat cook, an Air Force fi ghter raise millions of dollars for the pilot, a Coast Guard sea marshal, corpsman, paratrooper or chaplain. organization’s charities, Private or a general. All their roles are interwoven, all potentially fatal in including scholarship funds for times of war. When discharged, they are veterans. It’s that simple. the children of U.S. troops killed Such was the thinking behind the Veterans Health Care Eligibility on duty. Each ink cartridge raises $1 and each cell phone Reform Act of 1996. That was the law Congress passed to allow all $3. For more information visit veterans access to VA health-care services. In early 2003, a woefully under- The American Legion website funded VA suspended new enrollment of veterans in Priority Group 8, the at www.legion.org and click largest and fastest-growing group, and the law's intent went into budgetary on “Soldiers for Soldiers.” free-fall. In late 2004, outgoing VA Secretary Anthony Principi indicated AMERICAN LEGACY that Group 7s could meet a similar fate. Now, the 2006 budget proposal SCHOLARSHIP FUND: would restrict VA nursing-home care only to veterans in Priority Groups 1 Fundraising kits and event- through 4. Fives through 8s would be drummed out of the “core.” planning guides for the Legion’s The core constituency, if these proposals are adopted, will get smaller American Legacy Scholarship and smaller. Veterans outside it will be blamed for over-using their VA program, which provides health-care benefi ts in the past, causing the problem. Blame is more college money for the children correctly placed on a discretionary funding process that has never of U.S. troops killed on duty adequately synched money with needs. since Sept. 11, 2001, are If any of this concerns you – a $250 enrollment fee, double prescrip- available now. The kits contain Legacy Cards, which can be tion costs, continuous redefi nition of veterans, new limits on who can “sold” for $1 each by local get care and who cannot – contact your congressional representatives. merchants, heading into Armed Tell them a veteran is a veteran. The defi nition can be found in U.S. Services Day, May 21, and as Code. Remind them that they themselves passed the law in 1996. If their part of the Legion’s 2005 Blue intention now is to repeal that law, then let’s see some legislation. The Star Salute. To order kits, call American Legion will be more than happy to enter that debate. (317) 630-1212 or e-mail [email protected] FREE! $50$50 ValueValue Wood Frame DisplayDisplay Set #1 Display is an impressive Commemorating 18” X 91⁄2” high. Founding of the Corps Commemorating the Iwo Jima 1945 Korean Conflict 1950 Pins are approx. 11⁄2” high. 1775

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I am convinced that a fl at-rate income tax along After signing four big tax bills into law the lines of the Hall-Rabushka plan is the best one since 2001, President Bush now says that taxes ever devised. need radical reform, as if he had just arrived Robert Hall and Alvin Rabushka are, respectively, in Washington. an economist and a political scientist with Stanford One option that will be discussed is the famous University’s Hoover Institution. but widely misunderstood Their fl at-tax plan dates back 25 THE HEART OF THE ISSUE fl at tax. The fl at tax is years, showing how taxes could A single income-tax rate for all famous because people have be fi led on a postcard. taxpayers has been proposed to been told it can be fi led The key to their system is replace the current graduated rates. on a postcard. People think sweeping away every deduc- Flat-tax advocates are seeking the it is fair because everybody tion, exclusion, credit and president’s endorsement. pays the same rate. exemption in the tax code with Opponents say it is unfair and Neither is true. the exception of a large person- would benefi t the rich. The only way to squeeze al exemption of at least $5,000 per person. Busi- an income tax onto a postcard is to eliminate the nesses would not be able to deduct anything except deductions and credits and to allow business fi rms cash wages to employees and purchases of materi- to pay taxes according to the honor system. Many 10 als or equipment from other businesses. Businesses of the deductions – for charitable contributions,

4/2005 and individuals would pay the same single tax rate. mortgage interest, and state and local income and While simple conceptually, this plan would property taxes – would be sorely missed by tens of require elimination of deductions for state and local millions of taxpayers. taxes, mortgage interest and charitable contribu- On the business side, the lack of information tions. Businesses also would lose the deduction for provided to the Internal Revenue Service would be interest and no longer would be able to exclude a great inducement to cheat on taxes – and an payments for employee fringe benefi ts, such as incentive for the IRS to conduct more audits. health insurance, from their taxable income. On the subject of fairness, the same rate on all On the plus side, interest income no longer might be fair if everyone were the same. But one would be taxable either to businesses or individu- family has children, another has disabled depen- als, nor would dividends, rent or capital gains. dents, another high medical expenses, etc. The Hall and Rabushka concluded that a 19-percent income tax is able to take account of such things. rate on businesses and individuals alike would The fl at tax cannot. equal existing corporate and individual income Of course, people have different incomes. A basic taxes. On balance, they estimated that most principle of our tax system is the greater your individuals would pay less than they do now. ability to pay tax, the more you pay. The fl at tax The size of the personal exemption and the rate honors this principle to a much weaker extent than can be negotiated. Congress could enact a higher the current system. rate and a higher exemption so that more people The fl at tax is really good at taxing wages. It also would pay no income taxes at all. What is not taxes fringe benefi ts and wages used to pay state negotiable is the issue of a single rate on business- and local taxes. People with other types of income es and individuals. Take that away, and the whole would face a much lighter burden than they do system collapses. now, while workers would pay more.

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In 1996, Taliban zealots aligned with Osama bin Laden formed an army in the refugee camps of Pakistan and seized power. They barred women from work and from schools. They outlawed television and music. They forced prayer, and they offered bin Laden space to operate al-Qaida’s terrorist training camps. Today, Afghanistan is experiencing a rebirth. Painted trucks laden with refugees bring hundreds of Afghans back to their homeland each day. Already 3.7 million have returned from refugee camps since the Taliban’s repression ended in November 2001. Since then, Afghans have had but one thought: it’s time to return home.

BY BEN BARBER

12 4/2005

10 major achievements after the Taliban’s fall

n Voter turnout in the October 2004 presidential n More than $8 billion in international aid has been election runs between 70 percent and 80 percent; pledged for accelerated reconstruction. over 40 percent of voters are women. n Private construction booms. Markets, homes and n More than 5 million children are vaccinated. mosques rise next to rubble from past confl ict. For the fi rst time in years, Kabul enjoys a building boom. n School enrollment climbs from 900,000 to 5 million, and girls attend classes for the fi rst time in a decade. n Agricultural output doubles. In 2002, new seed varieties, fertilizer and restored irrigation systems n After years in Pakistani and Iranian camps, 100,000 Afghan refugees return each month, totalling help farmers raise output by 80 percent. some 3.7 million people, the largest voluntary return n Some 14,000 Afghan National Army troops in modern history. and 25,000 National Police are trained and deployed around the country. n New Afghani currency is introduced, along with economic and fi nancial reforms, creating confi dence n Thousands of regional militants who fought the as businesses invest and expand. For comparison, Soviets and the Taliban give up their weapons and nearly 43 afghanis equal one U.S. dollar. receive training for civilian jobs. Afghan refugees from Pakistan and Iran hoist their children onto a truck after stopping at a U.N. reception center in Kabul on their way home. Ben Barber

This is an epic pilgrimage With the Taliban gone, of an entire people, from parents realized that reading, wizened old men and women writing and math will help to small children born far their children more than the from their homeland. They fundamentalist religious are carrying the poles of studies the Taliban favored – their refugee shacks, their and allowed only to boys. goats, their woven clothes, Foreign-aid groups and pots and pans, returning are pouring more than to their villages and farms to begin life anew. By $100 million into new textbooks, rehabilitating doing so, they are voting with their feet. or building new schools, helping more than At a U.N. compound, refugees receive $13 per 170,000 students catch up from lost years, and person, vaccinations, a lesson on the dangers of training teachers through radio programs and land mines, and transport back to their towns and seminars. villages. They also get food for six months and At Kabul University, the United States gave other help in restarting their lives. $9 million to build a large dormitory for 1,100 Besides the massive pilgrimage, other signs of female students. It rises just a few dozen yards from new life are springing up in Afghanistan. Hun- the crumbling ruins left behind by years of warfare. dreds of newspapers and radio stations are emerg- Najmuddin Saqib, head of grants at the Ministry ing and operating freely, a new currency and of Education in Afghanistan, says the main 13 sound fi nancial policies encourage investment in education-aid donors include the World Bank, the construction, and new roads link cities and towns. United States, Japan, the Asian Development Bank, The fi rst presidential election took place in October. France and Denmark. Even security is improving, despite the occasional “We started working from zero,” Saqib says. attack by die-hard Taliban backers, as 14,000 “There was no system you could call education. National Army troops trained by coalition allies Our schools were converted to madrassas (anti- take to the fi eld. Western religious schools) or military training for A more modern society is emerging, and wom- Taliban. There were 900,000 students from pri- en’s rights, the rule of law, education and agricul- mary to college. One percent was female. Now tural improvements are taking hold. Afghanistan’s there are 5 million students, about 40 percent of future is being written before our eyes. them female.” In many districts, offi cials say that although A Thirst for Education. With the defeat of the they have 200 to 300 schools, only 10 percent to Taliban, girls and refugees are returning to school 15 percent have buildings. The rest meet under to get the educations they were previously denied. trees or in crude shelters. In Mazar-i Sharif, the Nau Behar School had 400 “Foreign assistance is extremely essential,” Saqib students just three years ago when the Taliban said in an interview last year. “In two years, we ruled Afghanistan. Last August, 2,500 students built 1,800 new schools. We trained 50,000 teach- enrolled, says headmaster Ghulam Yashiya. Hun- ers in 2003. We plan to train 105,000 teachers in dreds of children wait outside the school for their the next six months. For this, we need $27 million. shift to begin. Three shifts, plus several tents in We already have $12 million available.” the playground, are needed to cope with the new thirst for education. Voting In Democracy. Last October, Hamid Karzai was elected president in the fi rst democratic LEFT: New, paved highways linking Afghanistan's major election in Afghan history. cities have replaced the rugged dirt roads that were Before the elections, candidates formed nearly impassable in the Taliban era. Courtesy Louis Berger Group 20 political parties, joined coalitions, and prepared sanitation projects. Funding for the $11 million program came from the U.S. government. Foreign aid is fueling part of the building boom, but much is driven by the Afghans themselves, including some of the 3.7 million refugees who returned from Pakistan, Iran and the United States, bringing their money and know-how with them.

Building a New Economy. For many years, only three countries recognized the Taliban govern- ment: Pakistan, Saudi Arabia and the United Arab Emirates. The removal of the Taliban in 2001 and the creation of an internationally recognized An Afghan boy stands in a rain of shredded old Afghan government led foreign advisers, investors, aid currency, which was replaced with new afghani bills agencies and Afghan offi cials to begin rebuilding a worth 1,000 times more. Courtesy USAID modern economy on the ruins left by wars and Taliban rule. posters and radio announcements. For people who In March 2003, the United States awarded have lived under a monarchy, then communism and, international fi nancial consulting fi rm Bearing fi nally, a medieval theocracy that stoned people to Point a contract to help the Afghan government death for religious crimes, this is a new era. promote economic development. The $39 million Although the Taliban threatened to kill anyone project focused on fi scal, banking and trade- who registered to vote, more than 10.5 policy reforms. million Afghans registered – more than Security improvements In late 2003, U.S. aid the original estimates of 9.8 million programs fi nanced the n 12,000 fi ghters have handed eligible voters. Of the 10.5 million in weapons and joined literacy collection of all the old registered voters across the country, and job-training programs. Afghani currency, which had observers estimate voter turnout was become nearly worthless, and 14 n 14,000 soldiers in the new 4/2005 approximately 70 percent to 80 percent. Afghan National Army have replaced them with new In a land where only three years been trained, equipped and Afghan notes at a ratio of earlier the Taliban barred women from deployed to bases nationwide. 1,000 old Afghanis per new even leaving their houses unless accom- n 25,000 Afghans have been Afghani. By January 2003, panied by a male relative, 41 percent of trained, equipped and deployed the conversion was complete. those who registered were women. in the Afghan National Police The fi rst customers are and units controlling borders trickling into Afghanistan’s Accelerating Reconstruction. The repair and narcotics. newest private bank, Afghan- of the country’s most vital highway, the n 64 percent of Afghans says istan International Bank, 300-mile road from Kabul to Kandahar, law and order have improved. where offi cials say they hope is one of President Karzai’s highest to install the country’s fi rst priorities. The road, fi rst paved in the 1960s by U.S. ATM machine shortly, providing cash from debit foreign-aid grants, deteriorated into a bone-jarring and credit cards. Already the bank is dispensing series of potholes and washouts during wartime agricultural loans and working with international and under the Taliban. fi nancial giant ING to get international trade The ribbon of new asphalt, linking the major started. Hotels, apartments, supermarkets and population centers of the country, reopened in other buildings fi nanced by private investors are December 2003. The next major project is rebuild- rising alongside many of Kabul’s main roads. It’s a ing the road from Kandahar to Herat. Hundreds of sign that many businessmen believe the fi nancial miles of secondary roads are being graded or system is strong and that they will be able to paved. recoup their investments. Around the country, construction of schools, Another sign of progress was the March 31, 2004, clinics, government buildings, wells, canals, Berlin Donor’s Conference, in which the United drains, roads, and privately built hotels and houses States, Japan, the World Bank and other donors is changing the face of the countryside. pledged $8.3 million toward the reconstruction of Under one rehabilitation program in 2003, Afghanistan by 2007. Plans call for industrial 1.5 million people benefi ted from 204 water and parks, which have already been built; factories to Foreign aid to Afghanistan Local and foreign-aid workers include many of the world’s governmental agencies, non-government organizations (NGOs), international-aid groups and foreign-relief agencies, including:

Aïna www.ainaworld.org tion in all countries, eliminating gender disparity in Reaches millions of Afghans through radio news primary and secondary education, and helping programs and other media. Established many fi rsts reverse the loss of environmental resources. in Afghanistan: the fi rst educational mobile cinema, United Nations International Children’s the fi rst school of photojournalism, the fi rst Emergency Fund www.unicef.org women’s radio station and the fi rst advertising and Provides long-term humanitarian and developmen- communications agency. tal assistance to children and mothers in develop- CARE www.careusa.org ing countries. Assists the poor in more than 70 countries by United States Agency for International strengthening the capacity of individuals for self- Development www.usaid.gov help, providing economic opportunities, delivering Extends assistance to countries recovering from relief and addressing discrimination in all forms. disaster, trying to escape poverty and engaging in Centers for Disease Control and Prevention democratic reforms. USAID supports economic www.cdc.gov growth, agriculture and trade, global health, confl ict Provides consultation and assistance to nations and prevention, humanitarian assistance and the spread international agencies to prevent and control of democracy. diseases, improve environmental health, and World Food Program www.wfp.org promote health-related events and activities. Promotes foreign aid for economic and social Catholic Relief Services www.catholicrelief.org development as well as providing logistical support Helping Afghans resettle and rebuild their homes, to get food to the right people at the right time. farms and basic livelihoods through cash-for-work World Health Organization www.who.int/en programs. As the U.N. health agency, WHO makes recommen- United Nations Educational, Scientific and dations for the international classifi cation of Cultural Organization Portal.unesco.org diseases, causes of death and public-health UNESCO’s millennium goals include cutting in half practices, and establishes international standards the proportion of people living in extreme poverty concerning foods and biological, pharmaceutical 15 in developing countries, achieving primary educa- and other substances. dry and export fruit; exploitation of minerals; auto mechanics and other trades. Ex-fi ghters are production and marketing of handicrafts, espe- paid $30 a month to sustain their families, and cially carpets; textile factories; and a smelter to some receive bicycles to get to the training centers. turn tanks into construction rods. Afghanistan’s World Role. The voluntary return of Security Returns. According to a poll released last 3.7 million refugees since 2001 shows the strong July by the International Republican Institute, attachment Afghans have for their land and about 77 percent of Afghans say they believe culture. They are grateful for the refuge given overall living conditions have improved in the past them by their neighbors but quickly say they don’t two years, and 90 percent say conditions are better want Pakistan and Iran to try to infl uence their than fi ve or 10 years ago. political, economic and security decisions. Some 64 percent said law and order has im- In fact, there is already evidence of rivalry proved, but an equal number said security re- among Afghanistan’s neighbors, especially as it mains their paramount concern, mainly because a seeks good relations with India and Pakistan. few remaining warlords still cling to power. What analysts fear is that Afghanistan may once However, the groups launching attacks from more become a place for regional rivals to seek hideouts along the Pakistan border and elsewhere advantages instead of helping it recover from the appear to have little support from Afghans. wars. The international community, and in par- After disarming and demobilizing, ex-combat- ticular the United States and NATO, pledge to ants need help reintegrating into a peacetime remain engaged in the country as long as needed economy. The U.N.’s International Organization for to help the Afghans remain free. x Migration has set up training centers – funded by several aid groups – to teach literacy, carpentry, From “Afghanistan Reborn,” a special report by U.S. carpet weaving, agriculture, welding, tailoring, Agency for International Development, October 2004. Dr. Steve Jones, a U.S. National Guard colonel from Fort Camp- bell, Ky., and leader of a U.S. military medical team, meets with town elders in Tormay, Afghanistan, to get permission to treat people and farm animals in an unused girls’ high school building in town. Ben Barber Risky Business Facing danger at every turn, teams of civilian and military professionals offer Afghanis hope and adequate medical treatment. BY BEN BARBER Army cardiologist Col. Steve Jones of Fort Campbell, The American Legion Magazine: When you enter Ky., rides to work these days in column of armored Afghan villages, how do you get permission to set up SUVs and Humvees, bouncing over the Afghan desert your clinics? to a village where he sets up a clinic to treat hundreds Col. Steve Jones: We try to give the local leader- of people free of charge. ship credit for bringing us in there. This enhances Jones leads a civilian-military team of about the local government and creates goodwill. We 20 doctors, physicians’ assistants, nurses, translators look to fi nd local elders because we are a guest in and veterinarians that, accompanied by two dozen the village and need to connect with local leaders, 16 heavily armed U.S. soldiers, treats the Afghan people 4/2005 and helps train and rebuild the staff and facilities of out of courtesy. the Afghan Health Ministry, clinics and other public- health institutions. Q: How do you operate in regions that are not secure? Last August, as part of my role with the U.S. Agency A: It’s a major challenge making sure we have for International Development, I traveled with Jones to adequate force protection. When we go into a the village of Tormay, about a half-hour ride from village, we travel in one route and leave by anoth- Ghazni City, to observe the medical team in action. er. In the event an IED (improvised explosive Jones located an empty girls’ high school and asked – device) is placed along the route we entered, we through his interpreter – for the janitor to bring the can avoid it, leaving by a different route. village elders. Four white-bearded men arrived. Another challenge to our work is that we are not Jones asked their permission to set up a medical able – due to security – to tell villagers before we and veterinary clinic for the day. He told them the medical team would provide free medicine, that it had go in. So when we go in, we sometimes have to female doctors and female translators so women wait an hour or two for word to get out. In areas could be kept separate in respect of Afghan culture, that are more secure, we can tell them in advance and that U.S. veterinarians were ready to treat all types and they are ready for us. of farm animals. The areas we like to work in are those that are Consenting, the elders dispatched messengers not so secure. NGOs (non-governmental organiza- on motorcycles to inform the people of Tormay and tions such as CARE and World Vision) can work in neighboring villages they could come for free treat- secure areas, so we stay out of those areas and ment. For the next eight hours, some 800 people allow them to work. were examined and treated for everything from worms to menstrual problems to muscle weakness. Q: Doctors Without Borders is an NGO that recently Some 2,000 sheep, goats, cows, donkeys, and even chickens and turkeys were examined, given pulled out of Afghanistan after fi ve staffers were vaccinations and de-wormed. killed. The group accused U.S. troops of carrying out Col. Jones, 52, recently spoke to The American medical aid for political purposes, saying it made Legion Magazine from Bagram Air Force Base, an all aid workers targets. How do you respond to that? hour’s drive from Kabul. A: They made that as a political statement. I don’t WeWe foundfound ourour bestbest watchwatch inin aa historyhistory bookbook

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For fastest service, call toll-free 24 hours a day 800-859-6584 Learn more about the history of the 1922 classic at www.Nextten.com think there is a basis in fact to support it. The near Kandahar when we worked out of a Special reason they were targeted by terrorists is they are Forces operating base. easy targets, unarmed. People we deal with have no problem killing innocent women and children Q: What are some of the dangers you face? and no problems killing international aid workers. A: The biggest is from IEDs. Because we travel to If (these aid groups) would work with the military, less secure areas of the country, that is always a we would be able to provide them with more risk. We take about 20 people out on mission, plus support and protection. But fi ve interpreters and a couple of squads they elect not to and leave of U.S. and Afghan infantry soldiers as themselves more vulnerable. force protection. We try and coordinate in advance Q: Do Afghans care if they with local Ministry of Health offi cials are treated by military or and, where we can, ask Afghan doctors civilian medics? and nurses to join us. We’ve never been A: They don’t care. They turned down. In Tormay, we had the respect the military. It’s part Afghan health ministry involved and of their culture, and they Afghan army doctors, as well. welcome us as they would any source of medical care, Q: What are the effects of your which is a rare commodity in missions on the hearts and minds Afghanistan. of the Afghan people? What is of far more con- A: That’s where we have the biggest At the school, female nurses and cern to Afghans, we found, is impact. This is the one form of human a physician’s assistant treat that we bring female provid- women and children with various assistance where we provide personal ers and female interpreters to attention to local villagers. We sit down ailments. Ben Barber treat them. Because of their and treat them as individuals. We spend cultural background, they appreciate that. Many time with them. It’s different from building a 18 places we go, there are no female providers and school or a well. That benefi ts the whole commu-

4/2005 women can’t get medical care. nity. Medical treatment benefi ts individuals, and When we show up and show we have women to they appreciate the attention they get. It creates a treat their women, they enthusiastically go get lot of good will. their spouses and their children. Men in Afghani- They come to trust the U.S. military. They stan are able to go into the cities and bazaars and believe we are there to help them reconstruct their seek health care. But in many areas of the country country and become much more willing to partici- where they do not allow women to leave their pate in other parts of the reconstruction process. houses or villages, women don’t get health care. Q: What are the major illnesses you see Q: Have you worked in villages where women in Afghanistan? are locked in compounds? How do you treat A: We see a lot of routine minor illnesses. In that situation? children, we see ear infections, diarrhea and A: We’ve been in several villages where they are conjunctivitis. Same as you’d see in any children. reluctant to let women outside the house. In some We see quite a bit of malnutrition in children. villages, when a woman goes outside, men throw Worms and intestinal parasites prevent kids from rocks to force her back inside. We address that by absorbing nutrients. So just about each kid we bringing female health providers and female treat, we de-worm. interpreters, and then by appealing to their spous- We also talk to mothers and instruct them on es. We tell them to think about their mothers. breastfeeding. They don’t have the knowledge They want their mothers to be taken care of. They women in the U.S. have. In some cases, we provide have to take care of their spouses, too. mothers with infant formula to supplement diets. If we can get the spouse of the village elder to be We also give a couple months’ supply of multivita- seen, then the others will follow suit. The fi rst day mins and maybe iron if we feel they need it. in a village if you see one woman, the next day They have a lot of heartburn, a lot of indigestion. you see a dozen more. The third day, several dozen We hand out a lot of antacid. Their diet has a lot of more come as word of mouth gets out. We’ve seen fat content, which leads to distress. this in the Pashtu part of the country in Zabul A lot of them are farmers and have muscular ฀฀฀ NOW IN PAPERBACK The critics give the Tin Can Sailors a hero’s welcome.

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American Legion - 0405 Remember - —Navy Times Name ______Telephone ( ) ______Premier’s Walk-In Bath Tubs Includes photos and battle maps give you independence, Address ______security and confidence to City ______State ______Zip ______www.tincansailorsbook.com enjoy your bathroom again. Send to: Premier Bathrooms, Inc., 2330 South Nova Rd., Available wherever South Daytona, Florida 32119 paperbacks are sold aches and pains so we give them anti-infl amma- programs, but much more can be done to further tory medicine. womens’ health, which was neglected for so many years. One in 12 women in Afghanistan dies Q: How do you continue patient care after during childbirth. We see pregnant women who their visits? starve themselves to have smaller babies and an A: We try and do some teaching – sanitation, hand easier delivery, thinking it’s safer for them. washing, how to avoid diarrhea. We can write Because one in four children dies before age 5, them prescriptions they can get fi lled in the I’d also like to assist the government in an immu- bazaar. We refer them to Ministry of Health nization program for TB, measles, tetanus, hepati- hospitals for some diseases. For example, if we tis B and polio. On just about every mission, we suspect tuberculosis, they get free treatment at fi nd a person who has suffered from polio. government hospitals. Some selected cases we refer to the Egyptian Q: Is medical work a proper function for the military? Hospital at Bagram Air Base near Kabul which will A: There is no doubt this is a very valuable tool the treat them for free for problems that can military has. The people of be fi xed easily. Other cases are children The fi le on Col. Jones Afghanistan are tired of war. that may have been scarred by burns. Col. Steve Jones is attached They’ve been through a We see quite a few from children not to the Task Force Victory (TFV) couple of decades of war being supervised. They fall into a Surgeon Cell at the Combined and are ready for peace. cooking fi re. Surgery in many cases will Joint Civil Military Operations By coming in and performing help them if scarring affects the hands – Task Force in Afghanistan. these humanitarian missions, it can release the scars and make hands TFV’s staff from U.S. and we demonstrate we are here functional again. foreign posts, includes to help them rebuild their active-duty troops, National country. We have gained Guardsmen and Army Q: How would you like to improve the Reserve medics. their support and it’s helped medical team? our mission, helped bring Jones began his career with A: Our focus is shifting from providing peace and stability to the 20 an ROTC college scholarship, 4/2005 simple human assistance to reconstruc- graduating from medical area. We showed them tion and development of the medical school in 1978. He’s served on the benefi ts of having the infrastructure across the country. active duty since. From 1992 to U.S. military around and So we expand our team to have staff 1993, he served in Honduras on the benefi ts of peace. They members work on national reconstruc- a humanitarian-assistance are ready to embrace that tion projects, as well as providing program, immunizing people fully now. humanitarian assistance. in remote areas beyond the A real change occurred We recently added a preventive- reach of local governments. after Hamid Karzai was medicine staff member, an entomologist, He helped achieve an immuni- elected president in October. to survey parasites across the country zation rate of 90 percent for Afghans had looked forward children, higher than developed such as mosquitoes and sand fl ies that to the elections and were countries. cause malaria and leishmaniasis. enthusiastic about voting. The goal is to help develop programs to treat Turnout was very high. Since then, support for those diseases. local warlords does not appear as great. Karzai I’d like to bring someone to start a “train-the- now has the political strength to take them on, to trainer” program for lab technicians who would do disarm them and to further stabilize the country. routine lab tests in hospitals and clinics – particu- We are just glad about the degree to which our larly for diagnosing malaria and TB, major com- humanitarian missions helped bring about condi- municable diseases. tions that led to the election. x I’d also like to implement a similar program to improve physical therapy. Over 800,000 Afghans – Ben Barber is a senior writer and editor for the U.S. 4 to 5 percent of the population – are disabled Agency for International Development (USAID) and from mines, birth complications and lack of was State Department bureau chief for The Wash- preventive-health services. ington Times from 1994 to 2002. The views ex- I’d like to bring in a nurse midwife to advise us pressed here do not necessarily refl ect those of USAID. and help develop programs that address women’s issues. USAID has several midwife-training Article design: Holly K. Soria ESTER C VITAMIN C ODORLESS NONI ECHINACEA with bioflavonoids with Rose Hips 400 mg IMMUNEIMMUNE 500 mg 1000 mg GARLIC JUICE 100 Capsules HEALTH*HEALTH 90 Tablets $14.99 100 Tablets $7.29 500 mg $6.95 32 oz. 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BY JOHN RAUGHTER

22 4/2005

PHOTOS BY TOM STRATTMAN Empty pods at the Multnomah County Juvenile Detention Facility have become more common due to recent reforms.

ennifer and Tiffi ney don’t know each other. But have become a model for communities across the the two teenagers are both veterans of the country. Convicted youth not charged with Mea- JOregon criminal-justice system. Each came sure 11 offenses usually avoid lock-up. away with different results. One venue used as an alternative to pre-arraign- Jennifer (not her real name), 16, recently pled ment lock-up is a 24-hour access and reception guilty to manslaughter, kidnapping and robbery center in downtown Portland. The center is a drop- for her part in a 2003 home invasion that resulted off point for police to take youth suspected of in the murder of 47-year-old David Tolson. Tolson nonviolent offenses such as curfew violations, was beaten to death with a club. Prosecutors do substance abuse or disorderly conduct. It includes not believe Jennifer participated in the assault. In a shelter for homeless youth and offers family and exchange for testifying against her accomplices, individual counseling. Jennifer was sentenced to 13 years of incarcera- “Sometimes a kid may run away because of 23 tion, rather than an even stiffer sentence thanks to abuse in the home, or perhaps they were brought mandatory guidelines passed by voters in 1994. here by police because they were truant or engag- When she turns 18, she will be transferred to an ing in activity that might lead to further trouble if adult facility. they don’t get help,” says Laurie Kress, program Tiffi ney, like Jennifer, used drugs and stole to director for New Avenues for Youth, a charity that support her habit. Facing charges for drug posses- runs the center in collaboration with Janus Youth sion, Tiffi ney entered the Multnomah County Programs. While temporary beds are available to felony drug-diversion program. Now 18, Tiffi ney homeless and troubled youth, the center is not a attends Portland Community College and has been detention center and Kress stresses that youth are drug-free for 18 months. “I couldn’t handle my old never held there involuntarily. lifestyle,” Tiffi ney recalls. “I was a runaway, and Six miles away, Rick Jensen, project manager of my friends were busted for running a meth lab. I the county’s Juvenile Detention Alternative Initia- was shooting up drugs and couldn’t even hold a tive, works in an offi ce ironically located next to cup of water without spilling it.” the juvenile detention facility. “There are some Jennifer and Tiffi ney are symbolic of the juve- children who are a risk to public safety, and we nile-justice paradox confronting residents of the absolutely need to detain those children,” Jensen Beaver State. The no-non- says. “But aside from that sense Measure 11 reforms narrow slice, the rest need passed by the voters require screenings assessments, youth age 15 or older to be diagnoses and intervention tried as adults when charged to change their behavior.” with any of 21 serious crimes. At the same time, Empty Cells. The numbers Multnomah County – which from Multnomah County are includes Portland – oversees impressive. In 1993, the cutting-edge juvenile- average daily population of detention alternatives that incarcerated youth was 96. Because of over-crowding, because we are using objec- 15-20 were released each tive tools based on data and month. As the youth were validating criteria to make being released, detention that sorting process ratio- units closed. By 2003 the nally based.” average daily incarcerated Public frustration with population dwindled to 21. juvenile crime in the early While the units were empty- 1990s, combined with a ing, a surprising thing federal court settlement over occurred. Crime went down. Multnomah County’s over- Violent crimes committed by juveniles dropped crowded juvenile detention facility, meant that from 1,263 in 1998 to 804 in 2003. Recidivism also reform of some kind was destined to occur. Offi cials dropped. In 1998, 1,479 youthful offenders had consulted with the nonprofi t Ann E. Casey Founda- committed offenses during the prior 12-month tion in 1993, which then awarded a $2.25 million period. In 2002 that number dropped to 1,019. grant for the county to reform its system. “The idea behind detention reform initially was According to the Casey Foundation Web site, the to develop an objective measurement of the factors reforms had four major objectives: that should require a child to be held,” says Family n To reach consensus among all juvenile justice Court Judge Elizabeth Welch. “Those factors are agencies about the purpose of secure detention and risk to not appear in court and risk to re-offend. to eliminate its inappropriate or unnecessary use; Before detention reform, it was done by the seat of n To reduce the number of alleged delinquents who the pants.” fail to appear in court or commit a new offense; The measurement used is a n To use limited juvenile four-page survey called a justice resources in a more Risk Assessment Instrument effi cient manner by develop- (RAI). Youth entering the ing responsible alternatives system are assigned point to secure confi nement rather 24 values based on offenses than adding new detention

4/2005 committed, prior records, beds; and access to adult supervision, n To improve conditions and school enrollment, employ- alleviate overcrowding in ment and other factors. secure detention facilities. Those with scores of 12 or Few can deny that most of more are automatically these objectives have been detained. Forcible rape is an automatic 12 points. met – there is a consensus among agencies, Homicide is 17. failure-to-appear and recidivism rates are down, An overwhelming majority of youthful offenders and overcrowding has been eliminated. The third score well below a 12. Scores of six and below objective, particularly the defi nition of “respon- require unconditional release. Alternatives to sible alternatives to secure confi nement,” is what’s incarceration include probation, house arrest, up for debate. community (nonsecure) detention, attendance at a “Teen offenders tend to be more dangerous,” daytime reporting center, says former New York City community service, and drug juvenile prosecutor Peter and alcohol rehabilitation. Reinharz, a critic of the Support for detention Casey Foundation approach alternatives has come from to juvenile reform. “If you surprising quarters – includ- divert cases, of course, ing prosecutors. “Since deten- recidivism goes down. Just tion is a limited resource, we like if you make crime legal, need to use that resource crime will go down.” wisely,” says Amy Holmes Reinharz’ book, “Killer Hehn, Multnomah County Kids, Bad Law: Tales of the senior deputy district attor- Project Manager Rick Jensen believes Juvenile Court System,” takes ney. “We are very much in detention should only be reserved for a small a skeptical view of what he support of detention reforms percentage of youth entering the system. considers social engineering. “I see it as an attempt to Victims’ estimates of their attackers’ rate for minority youth in the open jails. It’s de-institution- age in serious violent crimes system was virtually identical alizing for the sake of de- Justice Department statistics show a rise in to their white counterparts, institutionalizing. Locking the national violent juvenile-crime rate from although a gap of 6.5 percent up criminals also brings 2002 to 2003, the most recent year fi gures opened again in 2003. recidivism down. In New available. Although the 375,000 incidents in “On the bright side, (it) York, we quadrupled jail 2003 is a net increase of 97,000 from the demonstrates that our cells, and the crime rate fell.” previous year, the number is down sharply juvenile system is responsive More cells are not the from the 1,108,000 reported incidents in to public safety consider- answer to teen crime, says Jo 1993, the highest year on record. ations – in 2003, we had an Anne Fuller, director of Age Range increase of 52 youth who Multnomah County’s Depart- Year 12-17 18+ Unknown were held on Measure 11, ment of Community Justice. 1993 1,108,000 2,733,000 329,000 gun and domestic violence “In any system, detention is 1994 1,031,000 2,636,000 406,000 charges, and a signifi cantly your most expensive choice. disproportionate number, 32, So why not spend the public 1995 811,000 2,240,000 205,000 were African-American money wisely? If we can 1996 805,000 2,148,000 278,000 youth,” says Multnomah detain a kid for $200 a night, County spokesman Robb and we can put him in 1997 705,000 2,027,000 262,000 Freda-Cowie. “This shows community detention for 40 1998 616,000 1, 812,000 317,000 we’re holding kids for the bucks a day or less and still right reasons.” 1999 610,000 1,668,000 225,000 have public safety, why not Freda-Cowie points out choose the less expensive 2000 412,000 1,499,000 234,000 that a similar uptick oc- option?” 2001 467,000 1,324,000 201,000 curred in 1998 before level- Jensen also is not a fan of ing off. Offi cials credit the the lock-them-up philosophy. 2002 278,000 1,181,000 193,000 RAI as the factor most “No doubt the really danger- 2003 375,000 1,183,000 226,000 responsible for bringing ous kids have to be locked up fairness to the system. 25 to protect society. But what about the overwhelm- “I think the intent of our reforms was to make ing majority of the kids in the system that are not sure the right kids were being held but as a result dangerous? Eventually they will come out of of RAI, a serendipitous fi nding was that all races detention whether they are sent for a day or for were getting a fair shake at being detained,” says many years. Then what have you created and Scott Keir, research and evaluation supervisor for released to society?” Multnomah’s Department of Community Justice. Fuller insists that kids should be detained based If justice is not always blind, Judge Welch wants on their threat to the community, not on any to make sure it is at least color-blind. “We have a other bias. “For me it’s about equal justice, system that’s fair or fairer than before,” Welch treating kids well, public safety and good eco- says. “I’m not sure that isn’t the highest value that nomic sense,” she says. we can have. We are not going to eliminate crime, poverty and mental illness, but we can at least Equal Justice. Both the Casey Foundation and have a system that treats people according to who Multnomah County offi cials they are, what they’ve done believe equal justice is not and what their strengths are, achieved when minority and not by the color of their youth are detained at a skin or the language they higher rate than white youth speak.” charged with the same One youth who until crimes. Although black and recently struggled with the Hispanic youth combine for language is Vahid Nuha- less than 20 percent of the novic. He fl ed with his family county’s population, in 1994 from war-torn Bosnia to they were 31 percent more Germany before settling in likely to be detained than Family Court Judge Elizabeth Welch has the Portland area. At 17, he white youth arrested. From been a strong supporter of Multnomah broke into a warehouse to 1999 to 2002, the detention County’s juvenile-justice reforms. steal cigarettes. Arrested and charged with second degree alternatives to institutional- burglary, he was sentenced ization, be it resolved that to 18 hours of community the need to bring the nation- service, six days of restitu- al economy under control tion work and a $400 fi ne. cannot overshadow or ignore Now 19, Nuhanovic says he the need to further the Offi ce learned his lesson. of Juvenile Justice and its “Picking up garbage in the programs which may be our rain is no fun,” he says, national defense against an describing trash pick-up impending escalation of required for his community Nonviolent juvenile offenders pick up juvenile crime in America.” service. “Since I got in trash along a Portland highway. Although most Americans trouble, I have fi nished high are willing to give second school and plan to take business classes in college.” chances, Fuller knows that a single well-publicized The Casey Foundation has helped institute heinous crime might put all the alternatives to similar detention alternative initiatives in Cook detention at risk. County, Ill., and Santa Cruz and Sacramento “When we started this, we tried to get everybody counties, Calif., each with varying degrees of in the tent,” she says. “We have also been lucky success. Multnomah frequently hosts other com- because in any system you can make the best munities contemplating reform. decisions based on the aggregate and then you can “Some of what we found here – in particular the have an individual case of the really low-risk kid access and reception center – might be something doing something horrible. That can lead to a that would work in Bedford,” says Lt. Timothy backlash against the whole system when it was just Hayden, of the Bedford, Va., Sheriff’s Department. an isolated incident. We have been real fortunate.” Hayden was one of about a dozen Bedford offi cials Still, Fuller does not believe that luck is a signifi - who paid a site visit to cant factor in the support the Multnomah County in Homicidal youth Year Total county receives for its October. “We don’t have as programs. “Those who are 26 The juvenile arrest rate for 1980 6.4

4/2005 many homeless as they do in strong advocates for locking murder showed both the 1981 7.0 Portland, but it would still be greatest increase and the kids up are at the core 1982 6.6 something worth having. greatest decline between concerned with crime rate Other reforms may not go 1980 and 2002. 1983 5.4 and victimization of people. over so well because the 1984 5.4 Since neither have increased • The juvenile arrest rate culture in Virginia is much in the decade that we have for murder peaked in 1985 5.7 different than Portland.” been doing this, I think it 1993. In that year, 3,840 1986 6.4 While polls and voter shows that we are OK. Most persons younger than 18 1987 6.9 initiatives repeatedly show were arrested for murder. people do not want to spend 1988 8.5 that the public wants a tough • Between the mid-1980s $200 a day to detain a kid for 1989 10.0 approach to violent crime, and 1993, the juvenile not going to school or arrest few are pushing for jail time arrest rate for murder 1990 11.9 kids for not going to drug and for thousands of young more than doubled. 1991 13.1 alcohol treatment. I want people like Vahid Nuhonavic • After 1993, the juvenile 1992 12.5 something done about these and Tiffi ney. things, too, but is it the right arrest rate for murder 1993 14.4 At its 86th National fell each year through thing to disrupt their ability Convention in Nashville, 2000, a total decline of 1994 13.2 to go to school or treatment, Tenn., The American Legion 74 percent. Both 2001 1995 11.9 or do you want more aggres- passed Resolution No. 399, and 2002 saw juvenile 1996 9.7 sive intervention to get them arrest rates for murder titled “Support for the Offi ce 1997 8.4 to school and treatment? We slightly above the low of Juvenile Justice & Delin- 1998 6.8 have programs that make quency Prevention.” It states level of 2000. sense to people.” x 1999 4.6 in part, “Whereas the offi ce NOTE: Rates are arrests of persons ages 10 to 17 per 100,000. is organized … to divert 2000 3.8 John Raughter is editor of The juveniles from traditional Source: Offi ce of Juvenile Justice 2001 4.3 American Legion Magazine. juvenile justice systems and & Delinquency Prevention, Department of Justice 2002 4.1 to provide critically needed Article design: King Doxsee

q&a

Fraud’s New Face Better Business Bureau chief urges prevention against fast-growing identify theft.

s chief postal inspector of the U.S. Postal Service from 1992 to 28 1999, Kenneth J. Hunter managed an offi ce whose primary 4/2005 Apurpose is to prevent, detect and report fraud, waste and program abuse. As the current president and CEO of the Council of Better Business Reports of identity theft Bureaus, his responsibilities haven’t targeting senior citizens changed much. have increased 200 percent over the past two years, With a membership of more than 300 according to the Federal national corporations and a network of Trade Commission. local Better Business Bureaus, the CBBB Kenneth Hunter provides voluntary self-regulation, as well as consumer and business education programs. Consumers contact BBBs more than 20 million times a year to inquire about businesses or charities, or to fi le complaints. Hunter recently spoke with The American Legion Magazine about consumer fraud and the fastest growing white-collar crime in the United States: identity theft.

The American Legion Magazine: Does the number of complaints the Better Business Bureau annually receives refl ect an increase or a decrease in crime? Kenneth Hunter: Our public has been advised for years that crime is going down. Crimes against property and crimes that are violent are going down. But what is missing in those numbers are white-collar crimes, which are much more lucrative with far less risk. White-collar crimes are increasing 10 percent to 20 percent each year, and the No. 1 white-collar crime – identity theft – is going up 40 percent. Even if you put a police offi cer in front of every door, it wouldn’t even have an effect on the mail, e-mail and phone scams that go on. During an armed robbery, you have a choice to fi ght back or cooperate. When it comes to Pre-emptive strikes The Better Business Bureau recommends the following steps to avoid fraud: n Register phone numbers on the National Do Not Call list by phoning (888) 382-1222 or visiting www.donotcall.gov. n Never place outgoing bill payments in an unsecured mailbox. n Advise any suspicious telephone caller of intentions to check with the Better Business Bureau. n Study the free DVD on investment fraud from the U.S. Postal Inspection Service. The DVD, “Dialing for Dollars,” can be ordered by calling (877) 987-3728 or visiting www.usps.com/ postalinspectors. Source: Better Business Bureau

Common cons Jean-Francois Allaux n Telephone solicitors call, fraud, the gun is fi gurative. You don’t know you’re being robbed until claiming to be from the it’s too late. federal government and can 0029 Q: Who are the most common targets of fraud? sell “Medicare-approved” KH: It’s easy for us to think we’re old enough or experienced enough to discount drug cards to not be vulnerable or susceptible to these scams. But these are schemes seniors. In one scam, people or scams that can be pulled on anyone. I don’t care what walk of life or were told to supply bank stage of life you’re in. You can be affected by fraud. account information so that “the government” could Q: Do scam artists prefer phone, mail or e-mail? confi rm their identity. A: It’s defi nitely split between all three of those, but sometimes it’s done n Thieves in Canada call to in person. There are all kinds of people that prey on senior citizens in advise people they’ve won a person, especially after manmade or natural disasters. Right after a “multimillion-dollar lotto drawing.” They are then told hurricane hits, you always hear about people going door to door offering to send a $600 money order to repair roofs for just one-third of the cost. Then those people either in order to redeem it. never show up or do really shoddy work. They’ll go to someone’s house, A person claiming to tell that person he has a diseased tree that has to be cut down and then n represent a consumer offer to cut it down right now for a great price. benefi ts group calls to say a bank account has been Q: Do some scams specifi cally target the military? affected with an Internet A: There are despicable businesses that prey on the military, trying to virus and offers a $500 gift get them to make bad investments or selling substandard housing at certifi cate for the non-substandard prices. You get auto dealers selling poor-quality cars inconvenience. A computer and warranties that aren’t necessary. I have a passion about this. I have recording follows, three sons who are career military – two in the Army and one in the requesting confi rmation of Navy. My dad was a World War II Marine. the senior’s name and address and authorization to charge the account for the Q: Are veterans common targets? gift certifi cate. A: Many frauds that have to do with veterans and senior citizens involve Source: Better Business Bureau health care, such as changes to programs like Medicare that require Friends don’t let friends giving personal fi nancial information over the phone. Another concern get fl eeced is fi nancial security, so investor fraud is another problem. Work-at- The Better Business home schemes also are a problem, as are advance-fee loans or Bureau advises opportunities to engage in reverse mortgages. citizens to look for signs that their Q: What is an example of identity theft? relatives, friends A: We are constantly getting pre-approved credit-card applica- or neighbors may tions in the mail. These people will pull one of these out of your be falling for mailbox, fi ll it out and send it in with their address. They’ll start appeals from out by making small charges on the bill, outside of the local scam artists. community, and then paying the minimum payment. Then guess Next time you what happens? The credit limit on the card gets raised, and that visit with someone who may be at person runs the card completely up to the For more risk, check for: max and then disappears. And then you fi nd out when you go get a car, school or information n Frequent phone calls home loan. Visit the Better during daytime Business Bureau’s hours from a Q: What recourse do victims of fraud have? Web site: “nice” man or A: There were 9.8 million cases of identify www.bbb.org lady. theft last year, according to the Federal n Excessive knickknacks or Trade Commission. It’s getting to be as common as shoplifting, but not prizes received in the mail. as high of a percentage of people are caught and prosecuted for identity theft. If you are a victim of fraud, you should be represented by a local n Regular use of special couriers rather than the U.S. lawyer, but you should also report it to us. We do not investigate, arrest Postal Service. or prosecute, but we are partners with law enforcement. We can provide law enforcement with more evidence and more victims, and make a n Multiple money orders or certifi ed cashier’s checks stronger case. Insist on a police report right away. If your identity is 30 drawn from a local bank. stolen, you also should contact one of the three major credit bureaus and

4/2005 put a fraud watch on your account. It takes a lot of hard work and n Hesitation to discuss prizes, sweepstakes or purchases. heartache, but you can clean up your credit rating in 18 to 36 months. But in terms of people being caught, so much of this goes on under the n Questionable or unexplainable checkbook radar. If a widow is taken for $7,000 in an investment scheme, it’s very debits and credit-card charges. hard to recoup that money. Usually the people running these scams don’t How to protect yourself have a lot of assets. Really, the best thing you can do when it comes to fraud is to try to prevent it before it happens. n Never pay money to win a prize or sweepstakes. Q: How can people do that? n Read all pages before A: Would-be victims can make a big difference, but they have to start by considering any offer. changing their habits. You should check with us about charities before n Never give out credit-card you part with your money. We can help you ask the right questions. If a or bank-account numbers to charity or business wants your money and says it can’t wait for you to unknown callers. check it out, say, “Thank you very much. Goodbye.” Any worthwhile n Ask for information, in business or charity will be willing to wait. When it comes to identity writing, from charities. theft, the No. 1 thing you can do is cut down on the pre-approved credit- n Be skeptical of high- card applications sent to you by getting on a list that says you don’t want pressure or emotional to be a part of those mailings. (Call 888-567-8688.) The No. 2 thing is to telephone requests. give yourself a fi nancial physical. How often do we look to see if there’s n Never wire money to something in our fi nancial history that shouldn’t be there? Look at your strangers. credit report at least annually. Log all your charges you make like you n Never hire someone who would do with your checkbook. When you get your credit-card state- just shows up at your door. ment, reconcile it. Increasing awareness is the best way to fi ght fraud. x n Contact the Better Business Bureau before Interview: Steve Brooks responding to any offer. Source: Better Business Bureau Article design: Doug Rollison 0OF
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To Walk Again VA research gives hope to those who live with spinal-cord injuries. BY DR. STEPHAN D. FIHN or the more than 250,000 Americans para- immobility, SCI patients are prone to a lyzed due to spinal-cord injury, a cure may variety of additional health challenges: Fseem beyond reach. The nerve cells that infections, bone loss, weight gain, cardio- make up the spinal cord don’t grow and divide like vascular disease and digestive disorders. other cells in the body. Once damaged, their Some of these problems can be mitigated function can be permanently lost. with good medical care and therapy. Scientists, however, are set on changing that. They doggedly seek ways to coax nerve cells to Research Offers Hope. Researchers are grow and replenish themselves. Much of the work exploring many paths to better under- so far has been done in test tubes and animals. stand the biological mechanisms involved Progress is slow but steady. The late actor Christo- in spinal-cord injury and possible cures. pher Reeve, who did much to generate awareness Several VA rehabilitation centers specialize of spinal-cord injury and raise money for research, in spinal-cord injury, including: told a reporter in 2000: “The possibility of walking n West Haven, Conn. Animal experiments at again is a practical problem that can and will be this center, in collaboration with Yale Univer- solved. It’s a matter of time before scientists get sity, have shown that transplanting certain people moving again.” cells into the brain or spinal cord can regener- ate axons – the part of the nerve cell that relays Spinal Cord in Action. The spinal cord is a soft, messages – and restore their protective myelin Veer 32 whitish length of nerve tissue that descends from coating. A study is now under way to test the safety

4/2005 the brain. It is protected by the vertebrae, or bones of transplanting myelin-producing Schwann cells that make up the spinal column. into the brains of patients with multiple sclerosis. The brain communicates with the rest of the n Miami. VA researchers and colleagues at the body through nerves in the spinal cord. Motor Miami Project to Cure Paralysis are experimenting nerves carry information from the brain to the with grafting specially cultured neurons into the muscles. Sensory nerves relay messages from spinal cord. The neurons release natural body distant body parts to the brain. The spinal column chemicals to ease the chronic pain that affects is divided into four areas: cervical (neck), thoracic most SCI patients. Another Miami project involves (chest), lumbar (lower back) and sacral (tailbone). the Lokomat, a high-tech treadmill that supports Each is designated by a letter – C, T, L or S. Verte- patients’ weight and robotically guides their legs in brae in each area are numbered, starting at the top. a walking motion. Studies say such exercise may When the spinal cord is damaged, function can “retrain” the nervous system and restore walking be totally or partially lost in any area of the body ability for some who have spinal injuries. below the level of the injury. Spinal-cord injuries Researchers say they have a long way to go between the C-1 to C-5 level are the most serious. before these therapies are ready for widespread use Reeve, who suffered a C-2 injury when he fell in clinics. But hope is building daily, and Christo- from a horse in 1995, showed remarkable courage pher Reeve’s vision may yet become a reality. x and inspired the world during his battle to regain function. He enjoyed small successes, such as in Dr. Stephan D. Fihn is acting chief research and 2003, after a diaphragm-pacing system developed development offi cer for the Veterans Health in part by VA was implanted in him, allowing him Administration. to breathe for longer periods without a ventilator. But ultimately, he succumbed to one of the compli- This article is designed to provide general informa- cations of SCI: a severe bloodstream infection. tion. It is not intended to be, nor is it, medical Injuries anywhere along the spinal cord can advice. Readers should consult their personal result in loss of bladder and bowel control. Other physicians when they have health problems. problems, such as chronic pain and sexual dys- function, often develop. And because of their Article design: Doug Rollison VhhZZcdci]ZC78

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NOTto make a killing

U.S. investors unwittingly fund the enemy. The call is on to divest from terror.

BY FRANK J. GAFFNEY JR. onsider the following scenario: a plot to detonate a nuclear weapon in a U.S. city is discovered in the nick Cof time. The perpetrators, Islamic terrorists, are arrested and the bomb safely dismantled. When government physicists examine the device, however, they are shocked to fi nd that its electronic triggers are jury-rigged switches known as lithotripters, sold to Iran by a prominent and profi table German multinational company – let’s call it Acme Deutschland. As word spreads that Acme Deutsch- by U.S. companies. They get around sanctions land’s products were very nearly used Washington has imposed on these governments by terrorists to kill tens of thousands of by doing business through offshore subsidiaries. Americans, the reaction is swift and The lack of notoriety about these revenue dramatic: the company’s reputation is streams is all the more remarkable given that severely damaged with the public. Its since the attacks of Sept. 11, 2001, the U.S. govern- stock-market value drops like a stone. ment has made a point of trying to cut off terror- Those who count on their invest- ism’s funding sources. In particular, U.S. authori- ments in public-pension systems, ties have targeted so-called “charities” at home mutual funds, 401(k) plans and per- and abroad, informal banking operations known sonal portfolios are angered and as “hawalas,” and phony businesses used to frustrated to discover that Acme launder terrorist money, arms and other supplies. Deutschland’s loss is their loss, too. The good news is that, as a result of that effort, Since Acme is a blue-chip international some $135 million was frozen before it reached company with worldwide and highly those bent on killing us. diversifi ed businesses that consistently The bad news is that $135 million is but a small offer good return on investment, many fraction of U.S. money pumped into the economies stock indexes and fund managers and governments of nations where terrorism is viewed it as a good bet. But that was given bases of operation, if not outright support. A before anyone was aware of the compa- study conducted last year by the Center for ny’s business dealings with a U.S.- Security Policy established that the United States’ government-designated state sponsor of top 100 public-pension funds alone have more terror, like Iran. than $188 billion invested in companies doing It could happen. business with terrorist-sponsoring states. Those 35 Welcome to the phenomenon that has dealings are worth an estimated $73 billion in come to be known as “global security projects benefi ting some of the world’s most risk.” The Securities and Exchange dangerous regimes. Commission recently created an offi ce to monitor the risk to a company’s share How It Happens. Typically, companies in question value and corporate reputation arising help state sponsors of terror in one of three ways: from its business operations in terrorist- n Development and exploitation of terror sponsors’ sponsoring states or its association with natural resources, usually oil. These investments the development and proliferation of provide vast windfalls for the regimes in question. Veer weapons of mass destruction and Much of the revenue may be spent for legitimate ballistic missiles. In November 2003, purposes. But at least some of it is diverted to SEC Chairman William Donaldson called this form building weapons of mass destruction, including of risk “a critical issue for investors.” nuclear arms, improving the offensive capabilities Unfortunately, more than a year later, few U.S. of rogue-state military and intelligence services investors have any idea that their life savings or and enabling terrorism. other investments may have such fi nancial n Transfers of high technology. As we have seen, exposure, let alone that they could be providing even technology that is supposed to be used for wherewithal to terrorists – or at least to those like civilian purposes can have dangerous military Iran, Libya, Syria, Sudan and North Korea, who applications. For instance, Saddam Hussein our government says provide safe havens, intelli- claimed he needed lithotripters to smash gence, logistical support, training facilities, kidney stones. In his hands, lithotripters could fi nancing and arms to our enemies. easily have wound up being used to detonate In fact, more than 400 companies whose shares nuclear weapons. are traded in our stock markets do business with No less troubling are the vast investments in one or more designated rogue-state regimes. Most telecommunications infrastructure being made by of them are foreign-owned and operated, like the rogue-state regimes with help from Western fi ctional Acme Deutschland. About 30 are owned multinationals. Fiber-optic cables provide hard- ened command-and-control systems to their An effectively employed divestment campaign militaries, making it vastly more diffi cult for U.S. can accomplish changes in the policies and intelligence to monitor and counter the threat that perhaps even the governments of targeted nations. may be gathering from such quarters. Alternatively, it might compel companies that do n Cash transfers. Banks and some companies also business with them to terminate their operations assist rogue regimes by making loans or under- in regimes that persist in sponsoring terror. Either writing their business activities. Money being way, divestment is an effective way for the invest- easily transferable once inside such notoriously ing public to help our nation fi ght and win the secretive regimes, it can be diverted to whatever War on Terror. purposes the regime may wish. Resistance in the Investment Community. Unfor- What We Can Do. Any amount of money tunately, unless U.S. investors insist that stocks of migrating from U.S. portfolios to terrorists is too companies partnered with terrorist regimes be much. Consequently, it behooves us to fi ght on divested, it is unlikely to happen. Virtually all the the fi nancial front in the War on Terror and to public-pension funds studied – with some notable prevent our own money from being used exceptions, including those representing the state against Americans. of New York’s teachers and New York City’s police The Center for Security Policy has launched an and fi refi ghters – have refused to consider divest- initiative and Web site called DivestTerror.org. ing or otherwise using their fi nancial leverage The CSP study of leading U.S. pension funds – against the terrorists’ corporate sponsors. titled “The Terrorism Investments of the 50 States” This is all the more outrageous since the argu- – can be found on the site, with detailed break- ment for divestment is not merely a strategic and outs of the amounts each of the studied funds has moral one. Addressing “global security risk” invested in companies partnered with terror- should be, at the very least, a matter of concern for sponsoring regimes. those with fi duciary responsibility for managing DivestTerror.org also provides suggestions as America’s public-pension funds and other institu- to how public-pension-fund benefi ciaries, taxpay- tional investment vehicles. Whether the latter are 36 ers and other investors can ensure that their pension offi cials, portfolio managers, legislators or

4/2005 money is not being put, even indirectly, in the state treasurers, they have a common duty: to service of our enemies. Specifi cally, the center recognize and minimize risk that would be recommends a tried-and-true model: divesting unacceptable or injurious to those they serve. stocks issued by companies that do business with Corrective action can begin with a public call by state sponsors of terror. pension benefi ciaries and other taxpayers for full The model is a familiar one, used 20 years ago disclosure and divestment of terror stocks by local, with considerable effect against the apartheid state and federal pension plans. government of South Africa. The decision then of Millions of Americans – military veterans U.S. colleges and universities, public pension funds in particular – yearn to contribute materially to and other investors, to divest stocks of the racist the War on Terror. Support on the homefront can regime’s business partners, contributed materially take few more powerful forms than removing to that government’s decision to abandon apart- U.S. dollars from the hands of those who want to heid and, ultimately, to its fall from power. kill us. The divestment model subsequently has been It will take a comprehensive coast-to-coast used by many investors who don’t want their campaign to expose, in real values, the amount money involved in companies they deem unaccept- of U.S. capital crossing enemy lines and to able on moral, political or ideological grounds. demand an end to it. Investing in companies These have included restricting capital from that do business with terror states gives fi repower companies involved with tobacco, gaming, gun to the enemy. Divesting multiplies our troops’ manufacturing, alcohol, sweatshops and the efforts in terms that can be calculated in the repressive military regime in Burma. billions of dollars. x If divestment proved a successful strategy for combating the South African apartheid regime and Frank J. Gaffney Jr., is president of the Center for those considered socially irresponsible, surely it Security Policy and an occasional contributor to should be utilized in our life-and-death struggle The American Legion Magazine. against Islamofascists and other terrorists bent on our destruction. Article design: Doug Rollison Automatic • Accurate • Guaranteed Also available in Silver Advanced Technology in a Classic Design The beauty of the E. Howard The E. Howard Ambassador wrist Our home trial allows you to test this Ambassador wrist watch is that watch also offers durability with its timepiece for 30 days, risk-free. If you it provides you with the modern scratch-resistant crystal and polished are not satisfied, you may return it for convenience of atomic time in a stainless steel, water-resistant case. a full refund of the purchase price. traditional case design bearing the Choose from a gold plated stainless distinguished E. Howard name. steel or silver polished stainless steel NIST Atomic Clock case, both with a raised chapter ring Since 1842, E. Howard & Company that surrounds the watch face. has been dedicated to manufacturing fine clocks and pocket watches of Never set your watch again! unprecedented quality. With accuracy Select your time zone and and superior innovation, E. Howard the watch will set itself! perfected timepieces that rivaled Swiss Radio Tower Fort Collins, Receiver watch manufacturers. The company Unlike today’s average analog wrist Colorado Inside Watch proudly became known as “America’s watches, the E. Howard Ambassador Timekeeper”.Walking through America is enhanced with a liquid crystal display Mention the promotional code during the 1800s, you would see that adds increased functionality. E. Howard clocks adorning market below when you order to receive the squares, train stations and courthouses. LCD Features exceptional E. Howard Ambassador These same timepieces are still Atomic Wrist Watch for ONLY… keeping accurate time today. Perpetual Date Display $99 (silver finish) + S & H!

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[ON THE RADAR] [LEGION NEWS] Better funding for Research project leads collector VA health care Sen. Daniel Akaka, D-Hawaii, to charter new Legion post introduced S.13, a bill to Pennsylvania Legionnaire Pete Eisert was admittedly expand and enhance health more interested in memorabilia than meetings. But one care, mental health, transition thing led to another during his research for a book on and disability benefi ts for Legion badges and medals throughout history. Here is his veterans. The legislation, story on the formation of Lake Meade Post 349: introduced in late January, is titled the “Fulfi lling Our Duty Several years ago, I began collecting badges and to America’s Veterans Act of medals from various veterans groups. The Ameri- 2005,” and has been referred can Legion was one of them. As I started my to the Senate Veterans Affairs collection, I realized the Legion had much to offer Committee. The legislation calls for, in part, mandatory fund- me as a collector. I searched for any references ing for VA health care. on Legion medals and could not fi nd any. So I decided to investigate the subject for myself. On Feb. 2, Rep. Lane Evans, D-Ill., ranking Democrat on In February 2001, I contacted the Department the House Veterans’ Affairs of Pennsylvania and asked if they had any Committee, introduced national convention badges. They had a display in H.R. 515, the Assured Funding their headquarters and invited me to photograph for Veterans Health Care Act them. At the time, I had been a card-carrying of 2005, which would require Legion member since 1992 but never active. the Treasury secretary to At the department headquarters, I photo- annually provide funding for the graphed the badges, and the staff was very VA health-care system based helpful to me. This prompted me to ask on the number of enrollees in questions about the organization. Before I the system and the consumer- left, I bought the Extension Institute Course 38 price index for hospital and 4/2005 related services. to fi nd out more. I read the books and decided I had to get involved. $9.6 million CARES contract awarded PriceWaterhouseCoopers was [FLAG PROTECTION] awarded a $9.6 million contact to complete studies required in Old Glory bill unfurled in House VA’s $6 billion Capital Asset Realignment for Enhanced U.S. Reps. Randy “Duke” with 65 supporters of record in Services (CARES) program, the Cunningham, R-Calif., and John the Senate. greatest overhaul of VA health- Murtha, D-Pa., along with 46 Legion family members are urged care facilities since World War cosponsors, introduced the fl ag to contact their representatives and II. The contract calls for the amendment, either thank them completion of studies at 18 H.J. Res. 10, on Can you hum for their support or sites over a 13-month period. Jan. 25. The a few bars? ask them to sign PriceWaterhouseCoopers has amendment An ABC News poll on as cosponsors more than 25 years of experi- reads, “The last fall showed that of H.J. Res. 10. ence in health-care delivery Congress shall roughly 38 percent of Telephone num- studies and implementation American teenagers support. have power to bers for the district prohibit the don’t know “The Star offi ces of U.S. Legislative Action Center physical Spangled Banner” is senators and the name of the The American Legion’s desecration of representatives can national anthem. Legislative Action Center the fl ag of the be obtained from provides up-to-date information United States,” and was referred to the blue pages of local phone books on bills and issues of signifi - cance to veterans. The site also the House Committee on the or by calling the U.S. Capitol provides congressional contact Judiciary. Senate action was switchboard at (202) 224-3121. information. http://capwiz. expected to follow soon. Chances Members of Congress are also com/legion/home/ for passage are greater than ever accessible via the Internet. I was disappointed to discover there was no post community, including an ongoing “adopt-a-road” in my immediate area. I got the idea to start one effort. Our Legionnaires also purchased and with my property-owners association, which has installed a fl agpole at our community center where about 1,000 homes. I contacted National Headquar- the post meets. We began to donate fl ags to the ters, department headquarters and the district. local fi re department, collected unserviceable fl ags They supported the idea. After approval from our and distributed Blue Star Banners. Our Children & association, we had an Youth program became organizational meeting but “The National Convention Badges, involved with the School were short two veterans that Membership Badges & Award Medals Award Medal Program and evening, so we had to try of The American Legion” sponsored an event at Lake again, which we did success- Featuring photos and Meade’s Family Festival. We fully on Aug. 16, 2001. information from 1919 have maintained and expand- Our fi rst public event was a to 2003, books are $18, ed those programs, created an patriotic rally following the half the profi ts of “Outstanding Scout Award,” tragic events of Sept. 11, which go to the post. sponsored a picnic for veter- 2001. Patriotism was high, Pete Eisert ans who reside in a long-term and the rally was well c/o Lake Meade care home and donated to the attended. But our fi rst Post 349 VA medical center, to Boy Veterans Day event only had P.O. Box 349 Scouts and to the Scotland three visitors. We did not East Berlin, PA 17316 School for Veterans Children. give up. Last year, more than Recently, we purchased movie 120 people attended our Veterans Day event. tickets for families with deployed spouses. In January 2002, we drew up a roadmap for the We are now 58 members strong, surpassing 100- year. First, we needed to fi nd a fund-raiser and percent membership for three years. Our small start programs. We picked some low-cost programs post of dedicated members intends to continue we could do well, based on our numbers. making a difference. I would have never guessed We decided to provide our community with that all this would happen when I took my camera 39 Memorial Day, Patriots Day and Veterans Day to the department headquarters that winter. programs. We took on several service projects in the – Pete Eisert

[ILLEGAL IMMIGRATION] Coming to America Tips for migrants From “Guia del Migrante Mexico publishes guide Mexicano” for illegal border crossing. ■ Walk during times when the A 32-page comic book published by heat is not as intense. Mexico’s Foreign Ministry offers its ■ Drink salt water to help retain readers advice on how to illegally body liquids. cross the border into the United States. ■ Lightweight clothing helps Called “The Guide for the Mexican during river crossings. Migrant,” the publication uses comic- ■ If lost, follow train tracks or book illustrations and simple lan- power lines to populated areas. guage to offer information on safety, ■ Don’t run from Border Patrol legal rights and how to live undetect- agents – repatriation is better ed by U.S. immigration agents. than getting lost in the desert. Mexican government offi cials say the intent of the publication is not to promote seek a U.S. visa is absent in the publication. illegal immigration but to give practical safety tips “It really looks like the Mexican government is to its citizens once a decision is made to seek new encouraging illegal immigration,” John Vincent of work opportunities outside Mexico’s borders. Virginia-based Americans for Immigration Control, A disclaimer advises migrants not to cross the told The Arizona Republic. “It shows the contempt border illegally, but information on legal steps to that the Mexican government has for our laws.” rapidfi re

[Q&A] The origin of an honored image On Aug. 10, 1990, the 101st Congress passed Public Law 101- 355, designating the POW/MIA fl ag “the symbol of our nation’s concern and commitment to resolving as fully as possible the fates of Americans still prisoner, missing and unaccounted for in Southeast Asia, thus ending the uncertainty for their families and the nation.” Few know the artist behind that fl ag. In 1971, World War II veteran Newt Heisley sketched the now-famous black-and- white image of a gaunt young soldier, barbed wire and tower. Recognized in every community in America, the fl ag design [STATEMENT] appears on coins, magnets, bumper stickers, T-shirts, fl asks “Military and even shot glasses. It hangs in the New York Stock retirees and Exchange. The POW/MIA banner is the only fl ag ever displayed their families, who in the U.S. Capitol Rotunda, and it fl ies year-round at the have been misled nation’s veterans memorials. The fl ag’s design is not copy- by empty promises righted; thus, it belongs to every American. in the past, see the root of the dilemma in Dr. Chu’s words: that they Q: How did you end up designing the POW/MIA fl ag? have served their purpose to A: When I designed the POW fl ag, I was creative director America and are no longer needed, for a small but wonderful advertising agency in New that they – who served a career in Jersey. Mrs. Michael Hoff of Jacksonville, Fla., an MIA wife uniform to protect our freedoms – are and a member of the National League of Families, wrote to now looked upon as a burden on Annin & Co., the world’s largest fl ag company, and said, society, that they have been used up “We’d like to have a banner for our organization.” That and thrown away like an old worn- letter came to the attention of Norman Rivkies, vice 40 out paper bag. That is why senators 4/2005 president of Annin. Our account executive brought it over, and congressmen have received and since I was creative director I got the job. The presi- thousands of brown paper bags in dent of the agency was a fi ne designer, much better than I the mail, with messages written on them urging Congress to pass the ever would be. If he had known the fl ag would be so ‘Keep Our Promise to America’s popular, he wouldn’t have let me do it. I designed three Military Retirees Act.’” pencil sketches, and they took the one that you see on the – Rep. Chris Van Hollen, D-Md., fl ag, verbatim. No changes. after introducing H.R. 602, with Reps. Chet Edwards, D-Texas, Jeff Miller, R-Fla., and Randy “Duke” Cunningham, R-Calif. The bill would Q: What was your inspiration? improve access and expense relief for military A: My eldest son, Jeffrey, had just been discharged from retirees seeking DoD health care. Van Hollen Marine training, with hepatitis. He was very thin and I refers to DoD’s David Chu, undersecretary for personnel and readiness, who told The Wall thought, “That’s my silhouette.” Since then, everyone who Street Journal that the costs of providing for wants to use the symbol of the fl ag redraws it, and he military retirees and their families “have gotten would not recognize himself in many of the depictions, to the point where they are hurtful.” because every artist gets the nose different or something. "The American people want The phrase “you are not forgotten” came to mind when I to be generous to the families was fl ying in combat in World War II. I thought how of service people who give terrible it would be to be taken prisoner by the Japanese their lives for their country. and then to be forgotten. It’s not a nickel-and-dime issue.” – Sen. Jeff Sessions, R-Ala., after introducing a bill to raise death benefi ts for Q: Describe your military service during World War II. the families of U.S. troops killed in Iraq, A: I graduated from high school outside Pittsburgh and Afghanistan and future war zones. The proposal went to Syracuse University. After a few months, I got to called for an increase in the tax-free death gratuity from $12,420 to $100,000, retroactive to feeling very guilty: “I should be in the war.” So I enlisted October 2001. The measure also called for in the Air Corps. I’d never been up in a plane, but I always increasing the DoD's life-insurance death benefi t wanted to fl y. I wanted to fl y the B-26, also known as the from $250,000 to $400,000 with the Pentagon picking up the increased premiums. [ADVOCACY] Legion wins battle over VA eye surgery Following is an excerpt from a statement by Rep. Dan Burton, R-Ind., issued after VA rescinded a directive that would have allowed optometrists without MDs to perform eye surgeries on veterans. Millions of veterans living thousands of miles apart share a special bond: they put their lives on the line in defense of this great nation. Three such men – Mike Hammer, William Christof- ferson and Ron Conley – recently fought and won another battle, this time for quality health care. The three men – from Tennessee, Utah and Pennsylvania, respectively – came together when they were informed “Flying Coffi n.” It was dangerous, but I thought I could that the U.S. Department of Veterans handle it. But the powers that be decided to invade Japan. Affairs issued a directive that allowed So I served in the Pacifi c, starting in New Guinea, the optometrists, non-medical doctors – to Philippines and Okinawa. I was transferred from the B-26, operate on veterans and other individu- which I never even fl ew, to a Douglas transport to fl y the als eligible for VA care ... The dangerous troops in. I went from the most dangerous plane to the VA directive would have allowed safest plane in the world. optometrists with no formal surgical education or training to go take a 16- 41 Q: What direction did your life take after the war? hour course ... and then go anywhere in A: I was in just a little less than four years. I was a fi rst the country and practice laser eye lieutenant, and I would have been a captain if I had stayed surgery on any veteran in any VA in a couple more months. But I decided to go back to facility ... civilian life because I hadn’t seen my wife in a year. We Deeply concerned and united in have a great love affair. Her name is Margaret, but she goes purpose, the three veterans mentioned by “Bunny.” We were classmates at Syracuse and had our above launched into action and per- fi rst date March 10, 1939. We’ve been together over 64 suaded The American Legion, the years. We were desperately in love and still are. We have country’s largest veterans organization, two boys. James has been my partner for 32 years in to pass a resolution calling on VA to advertising, and Jeffrey lives in Alaska. reverse course. Consequently, on Dec. 17, 2004, the VA wisely rescinded the Q: How do you regard the popularity of the POW/MIA fl ag? earlier directive ... only ophthalmolo- A: I’m pleased not for any ego trip, but because those gists – fully trained and certifi ed POWs and MIAs are not forgotten. For example, Mike medical eye surgeons – will be allowed Bowen of Michigan decided to run with the fl ag 58,000 to perform therapeutic laser-eye proce- miles. Last I heard, he’s covered 40,000 miles. The Vietnam dures in VA medical facilities. War is still very much alive in people’s minds. As a proud veteran of the U.S. Army, I fi nd it shocking that this practice was Q: Do you make any kind of profi t off the design? given such serious consideration in the A: I probably was paid about $250 to $300. But the fl ag has fi rst place ... (It) should be our highest cost me many times more than that in postage, signing priority to help ensure the safety of them and mailing them for 20 years. I didn’t get anything, those who have so proudly and bravely and I don’t want anything. I’m only thinking of the POWs defended our great country. All U.S. and MIAs. They’re not forgotten. That’s the main thing. veterans deserve to have quality health – Matt Grills care performed by medical doctors with the proper education and training. rapidfi re

[GALLERY] [MILESTONES] Lt. Caleb Cage Leading Patrol Missed the New York artist fi nal curtain Steve Mumford was embedded Three of the most central with military units fi gures of World War II died in Iraq and other 60 years ago this month as hotspots on and fi ghting neared an end in the off beginning in European Theatre. April 2003. His On April 12, 1945, Presi- paintings and dent Franklin D. journals capture Roosevelt – as unique glimpses American troops of the war. His work stood at the gates has appeared at of Berlin – numerous galleries across the country complained of a and can be viewed “terrifi c head- on the Web at ache” early in www.artnet.com. the afternoon Click on "magazine." and was dead of a cerebral hemorrhage at [VERBATIM] 5:48 p.m. Often a political adversary, Sen. Robert Taft, “Let Us Trim Our Hair in Accordance With Socialist Lifestyle” – Title of a TV series in North Korea, R-Ohio, described FDR as “a where the government is directing men to see their barbers twice a month hero of the war, for he literally worked himself to “There’s no change of policy as far as I’m concerned. No women in death in the service of the combat. Having said that, let me explain, we’ve got to make sure American people.” 42 we defi ne combat properly: we’ve got women fl ying choppers and 4/2005 Fourteen days later, Benito women fl ying fi ghters, which I’m perfectly content with.” Mussolini, the so- – President George W. Bush, when asked by Washington Times reporters about called “father of the possibility of women in ground combat Italian Fascism,” was captured, “Cameras don’t catch people. People catch people.” tried and execut- – T.J. Bonner, president of the National Border Patrol Council, on the Bush administration’s decision not to seek money ed by his fellow in the 2006 budget for 2,000 additional agents along U.S. borders Italians. On April 28, his “It’s like losing him all over again. But we’re very, very proud corpse was we can fi nally put him where he belongs, and he’s not way over hanged by the heels for in another country in a hole by himself.” public view in Milan. – Mary Miller, sister of Pvt. Odell Sharpe, whose remains were recently identifi ed from a skeleton found in a foxhole near the And on April 30, 1945, the Belgian-German border. Sharpe was presumed slain on Christmas Day 1944, at age 19. world was fi nally rid of modern history’s most [MONUMENTS & MEMORIALS] notorious tyrant. Adolf Hitler Infantry museum plans continue to march on committed suicide in Berlin The National Infantry Foundation seeks as Allied forces closed in, support to break ground Sept. 21 on a bringing an end to National Infantry Museum and Heritage his Nazi regime, Park in Georgia to honor and preserve the death camps, the legacy of the American foot soldier the Holocaust for all generations. With more than and the war in 25,000 objects and a 150,000-square- Europe. A week foot museum on a 200-acre site near later, Germany Fort Benning, the facility expects to have 400,000 visitors a year. For more surrendered information, visit Nationalinfantryfoundation.org. unconditionally. [LEGION COLLEGE] Love, American Legion style Legion College 2005 Information (317) 630-1321 or [email protected] Doug and Yvonne Gorniak of Ash Fork, Ariz., are college sweethearts. fi rst married couple to graduate from They met 17 years ago, earned associ- Legion College together. ate degrees together at the Commu- “Ever since Doug and I met, we nity College of the Air Force and have attended all our college classes bachelor degrees together at Texas together.” Yvonne says. “We thought Lutheran University. They were it only natural that we attend Legion married Nov. 29, 1991, while sta- College together. We are honored that tioned in San Antonio and fi nished we got the opportunity.” out their Air Force careers together. The week of training included a Doug retired as a senior master sergeant project to determine the feasibility of The Gorniaks on their after 27 years. Yvonne retired as a wedding day in 1991. establishing a new post, canvassing the master sergeant with 21 years. Today, he community, meeting with veterans and is commander of Legion Post 57 in Ash Fork, and other residents. It also included workshops on she is the post fi nance offi cer and newsletter editor. resolution writing and fundraising. After all these years, they are still college sweet- “Legion College is a wonderful experience,” hearts. Last November, they went through the explained Yvonne, who says she and her husband rigorous leadership curriculum of Legion College in are already putting their lessons to work. “We are Indianapolis, where their thirst for education, duty a small town, but we are looking to start an to country and community, along with their love Oratorical program within the schools. We also for each other, were an inspiration to others. Up plan a campaign to educate the town as to what and coming Legion leaders from 29 departments the Legion can do for the community.” attended the annual program. The Gorniaks are the – James V. Carroll, Legion College Class of 2004 rapidfi re

[FOREIGN AFFAIRS] [MONEY] When the tsunami struck Asia last winter, U.S. military personnel swiftly delivered water, food, clothing, tents and medicine to devastated areas. U.S. Navy The tax © Scott Matthews/Laughing Stock Stepping up collector’s take An analysis by The Virginian- According to the Pilot discovered which Washington-based nations really deserve the lobbying group “stingy” label. Besides the Americans for Tax United States, several other Reform, federal, countries stepped up in the state and local immediate aftermath of the taxes account for: disaster, including: 25 percent of the Japan $500 million typical electrical bill The measure of a nation Norway $180 million 31 percent of the U.N. Undersecretary General for Humanitar- Britain $96 million cost of a loaf of ian Affairs Jan Egeland drew more attention and Italy $95 million bread heat than he expected last winter when he Sweden $80 million 50 percent of the dismissed initial tsunami-relief contributions Spain $68 million monthly phone bill from America as “stingy.” China $61 million 54 percent of a Washington pledged tens of millions in the France $56 million gallon of gasoline fi rst hours after the tidal wave, and the commit- Denmark $55 million [SCOUTS] ment grew as Americans began to grasp the Australia $47 million scope of the disaster. Just two weeks after the European Union $40 million A pop smash Netherlands $34 million 44 event, Americans had given some $300 million Boy Scout Troop

4/2005 in private donations. Add to that $350 million Canada $33 million 828 in Chesterfi eld the Bush administration pledged in U.S. govern- Germany $27 million County, Va., ment aid, which, it pays to recall, was also Qatar $25 million turned recent legal donated by Americans, in the form of taxes. Add Switzerland $23 million battles with the to that countless hours of labor donated by U.S. Ireland $14 million American Civil humanitarian groups, physicians and the like. Portugal $11 million Liberties Union Add to that the hundreds of millions – perhaps South Korea $5 million into a cash cow billions – the United States absorbed by deploy- Taiwan $5 million last winter. By ing warships, helicopters, transport planes and Algeria $2 million setting up a Scout some 20,000 troops to lead the greatest humani- Bahrain $2 million popcorn booth tarian-relief effort since the Berlin Airlift. Libya $2 million near the ACLU’s Egeland back-peddled after recognizing the United Arab Virginia headquar- full scope of U.S. aid, but The New York Times Emirates $2 million ters, and boosted predictably piled on, mocking U.S. aid as a Turkey $1.25 million by a plug from “miserly drop in the bucket.” According to the This list of donors begs an nationally syndi- Times editorial, “For development aid, America interesting question. As The cated radio host gave $16.2 billion in 2003; the European Union Virginian-Pilot asked, “Where Glenn Beck, the gave $37.1 billion.” These measures only take is Iran? Egypt? Pakistan? tiny troop sold into account a fraction of U.S. contributions. As Oman? Morocco? The oil- more than $28,000 the U.S. Agency for International Development soaked sultanate of Brunei? in popcorn, up Where are Jordan, Syria and concluded in 2003, when U.S. government from less than Lebanon? And why are assistance is combined with U.S. philanthropy, Bahrain, Kuwait and the $300 the year America’s development-aid tally approaches $57 Saudis such cheapskates before. The ACLU billion annually – far more than what the when their spiritual brothers has taken the European Union gives and far more than what and sisters are dying by the Scouts to task over the Times counted. tens of thousands?” a reference to God in the Scout oath. “ ” TThehe “PPOWEROWER” KKneenee SSupportupport GGUARANTEEDUARANTEED TTOO EENDND KKNEENEE PPAIN!AIN!

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[LEGIONNAIRES IN ACTION] New York post helps lead commemoration ceremonies in Italy Pelham, N.Y., Post 50 – in conjunction ■ Hamden, Conn., Legion with the DoD’s World War II 60th Post 88 sponsored a recent Anniversary Commemoration Commit- health screening for area tee and the American Battle Monuments veterans. In addition to offering Commission – will commemorate the blood pressure, cholesterol and other screenings, Legionnaires 60th anniver- Contact and service offi cers helped sary of the end veterans fi ll out paperwork to of World War II Kenneth Kraetzer (914) 381-5353 receive VA benefi ts. and pay tribute [email protected] ■ Albany, Ga., American to the more Visit Legion Post 512 presented than 19,000 Albany State University with a www.wwii60thitaly.com Americans $20,000 check to help build who lost their lives liberating Italy from visitor seating at the universi- the Nazis. Ceremonies will be conduct- ty’s new stadium. ed at two American cemeteries in Italy: ■ Two Maine posts – 73 in the Sicily-Rome American Cemetery in Corinna and 32 in Pittsfi eld – Nettuno, May 2, and the Florence raised more than $3,700 for the American Cemetery in Florence, May 5. family of a U.S. soldier seriously Military honor guards and the Sixth injured in Iraq. Spc. Frederick J. Fleet Band based in Naples, Italy, have Allen Jr., a husband and father of two, suffered severe leg been assigned to support the ceremo- injuries after he was hit by a nies. Former U.S. Sen. George McGov- Passing through Prato, Italy, men rocket-propelled grenade in ern, 1972 presidential candidate, is of the 370th Infantry Regiment Iraq. The Corinna post present- expected to speak at the ceremonies. move toward the mountains in ed the family $1,000 after a 46 The Pelham Larks, a singing group, also this photograph taken April 9, special event, and the Pittsfi eld 4/2005 is scheduled to perform. 1945. U.S. Army post raised $2,700 more.

[LEGION NEWS] Legion post mints coin for local Guard unit Legionnaire Dale Punch and the ceremony at Fort Bragg. rest of Post 30 in Lincolnton, N.C., Punch, who has a business that wanted to do something special specializes in making coins for for a local National Guard unit set Medal of Honor recipients, said to be deployed in Iraq – more the project is easy to replicate and [EDUCATION] than just signing up the of relatively low cost. Other The dingo ate soldiers of the Charlie North Carolina posts have my homework Battery 1/113th Field followed suit. Australia, according to VA, Artillery Unit as Legion “It depends on how is now the most popular place members. many dyes you use, but for veterans to study overseas. “When we sign these 125 coins would cost According to a recent study, guys up, basically all around $531,” Punch said. nearly 20 percent of American we’re doing is giving them The Post 30 coin was adopt- veterans using GI Bill benefi ts a little piece of paper to stick in ed as the Guard unit’s own, and to study overseas do so in their wallet,” Punch said. “People Punch sent several to Iraq for the the land down under. are being yanked up from their battalion commander and other Thirty-seven Australian univer- families and their jobs. We should offi cers. All of Post 30’s support sities are approved by VA to accept GI Bill veterans. give them something that really efforts helped earn Punch the The average cost of receiving shows we appreciate what they’re National Guard Association of the a college degree is about doing.” So Post 30 made a special United States Patrick Henry 40 percent less in Australia coin for each member of the unit, Award, only 31 of which were than it is in the United States. presented at their deployment presented last year. Source: Study Down Under, [email protected] Save up to $80 on the ® Sunlight Lamp!

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How to Submit a Reunion telephone number and e-mail address. Send notices to The American Legion Magazine, Attn: “In Search Of,” P.O. Box 1055, Indianapolis, The American Legion Magazine publishes reunion notices for veter- IN 46206, fax (317) 630-1280 or e-mail [email protected]. The American Legion Magazine, ans. Send notices to Attn: Reunions, The magazine will not publish the names of individuals, only the P.O. Box 1055, Indianapolis, IN 46206, fax (317) 630-1280 or e-mail name of the unit from which you seek people. Listings are published [email protected]. free of charge. Include the branch of service and complete name of the group, no Life Membership notices are published for Legionnaires who have abbreviations, with your request. The listing also should include the been awarded life memberships by their posts. This does not include reunion dates and city, along with a contact name, telephone number a member’s own Paid-Up-For-Life membership. Notices must be and e-mail address. Listings are published free of charge. submitted on official forms, which may be obtained by sending a self- Due to the large number of reunions, The American Legion addressed stamped envelope to The American Legion Magazine, Attn: Magazine will publish a group’s listing only once a year. Notices Life Memberships, P.O. Box 1055, Indianapolis, IN 46206. should be sent at least six months prior to the reunion to ensure timely “Comrades in Distress” listings must be approved by the Legion’s publication. Veterans Affairs & Rehabilitation division. If you are seeking to verify an injury received during service, contact your Legion department service officer for information on how to publish a notice. Other Notices To respond to a “Comrades in Distress” listing, send a letter to The “In Search Of” is a means of getting in touch with people from your American Legion Magazine, Attn: Comrades in Distress, P.O. Box unit to plan a reunion. We do not publish listings that seek people for 1055, Indianapolis, IN 46206. Include the listing’s CID number in your interviews, research purposes, military photos or help in filing a VA response. claim. Listings must include the name of the unit from which you seek “Taps” notices are published only for Legionnaires who served as people, the time period and the location, as well as a contact name, department commanders or national officers.

AIR FORCE/ARMY AIR FORCES ARMY (Vietnam, 1965-1970), St. Louis, 8/3-7, Gary Stagman, (618) 797-1336, cooter@charter. 1 CEVG, Branson, MO, 8/22-26, (800) 877- 1st Bn 8th Cav (Vietnam), San Diego, 9/8-11, net; 297th Eng Cbt Bn, Washington, 8687, [email protected]; 1st Comp Tech Jim Knafel, (260) 244-3864, jjknafel@myvine. 6/2-5, Adele de Polo, (703) 768-5987, adele. Sqdn, Kissimmee, FL, 5/1-5, Alva Stone, com; 2nd/32nd FA “Proud Americans,” [email protected]; 310th Sig Opns (216) 362-7265, nanstone@mindspring. Arlington, VA, 5/19-22, Ralph Jones, (513) Bn 9th Army, Ridgeway, PA, 9/13-15, Ace com; 1st Radio Relay Sqdn, Louisville, 583-1632, [email protected]; 2nd Inf Div Wilson, (610) 933-7118, [email protected]; KY, 9/7-9, William Hayton, (304) 486-5349, Korean War Vets Alliance, Houston, 5/20- 503rd MP Bn (Fort Bragg, NC, 1951-1953), [email protected]; 51st Ftr Grp 23, Ralph Hockley, (713) 334-0271, rmh-2id- Springfield, IL, 8/19-21, William McCartney, Assn, Dayton, OH, 9/8-11, John W. Mackey, [email protected]; 3rd Gen Dispensary (217) 285-4502 (937) 429-5516 (Karlsruhe, Germany), Chicago, 10/7-8, Paul Strauser, (817) 485-4261, pstrauser@ 518th Ord MMC, Branson, MO, 9/26-29, (800) 58th Ftr Wing, 58th Ftr Bomb Wing, 474th aceworldcompanies.com 877-8687, [email protected]; 523rd MP Ftr Bomb Wing, 58th Tact Wing, 58th Co Assn, Williamsburg, VA, 8/4-6, Charles R. 3rd Inf Div (Fort Benning, GA, 1954-1955), Spec Opns Wing, 69th, 310th, 311th, Wisner, (301) 696-5595; 735th Tank Bn Assn, Newport, TN, 10/28-29, Cordie Sloan, (615) 428th, 429th, 430th & All Support Grps, Indianapolis, 9/15-17, Frank Chambers, (765) 666-4703; 7th Inf Rgt Assn “Cottonbalers,” Herndon, VA, 6/15-20, Jean Kupferer, (812) 282-6761, [email protected]; 761st 945-7649, [email protected]; 97th Bomb Albuquerque, NM, 5/13-15, Curley Faulk, (337) 625-8359, [email protected]; 16th Armd Med Det (Karlsbruhe, Germany), Chicago, Grp, Branson, MO, 9/22-25, (800) 877-8687, 10/7-8, Paul Strauser, (817) 485-4261, [email protected]; 319th FIS Assn, Div, New Braunfels, TX, 9/21-25, Edward Krusheski, (609) 978-0490, ed16armor@aol. [email protected]; 773rd 48 Nashville, TN, 9/21-25, David Headen, (270) FA Bn, Peoria, IL, 6/14-16, Mike Hobbs, (309) 4/2005 258-5633, [email protected] com; 19th Cbt Eng Rgt (WWII), Hannibal, MO, 10/6-8, Ula Dinsmore, (217) 245-9494 343-9079, [email protected] 463rd Airlifters Assn, Wright-Patterson AFB, 865th AAA AW SP, Las Vegas, 5/15-17, Norio OH, 6/23-26, Gerald Haines, (937) 325-9306, 20th Armd Div Assn (WWII), Louisville, KY, 9/8-10, Fred Stueve, (785) 456-7939, Uyematsu, (714) 637-1800, nuyematsu@aol. [email protected]; 445th FIS, com; 936th FA Bn, Fayetteville, AR, 8/20, Wright-Patterson AFB, OH, 10/11-13, Al [email protected]; 20th Eng Bde (Vietnam), Streator, IL, 7/29-31, Bob Harrison, Wayne Bohannan, (918) 437-5324; 963rd Bruder, (937) 879-3800, abruder652@aol. FA Bn, Fayetteville, AR, 8/20, Carl Cotrill, com; 459th Bomb Grp 15th AF (WWII), (815) 673-1786, [email protected]; 26th “Yankee” Inf Div Vets Assn, Gettysburg, (479) 636-5865, [email protected]; Shreveport, LA, 9/29-10/2, Charles Johnson, 999th Armd FA Bn (Korea, 1950-1954), (318) 549-0522; 485th Tact Msl Wing, PA, 6/16-18, Robert R. Raney, (978) 531-2257; 40th Div 160th Inf Rgt (Korean War), Bloomington, MN, 9/16-18, Eugene Nash, Cheyenne, WY, 6/2-5, Dan Clark, (307) 631- Branson, MO, Fall, Duane Whaley, (951) (320) 864-5977, [email protected] 3960, [email protected] 245-9726 Arty OCS (All Classes), Fort Sill, OK, 6/9-10, 490th Bomb Grp 8th AF, Colorado Springs, 40th Inf Div 223rd Inf Rgt, Las Vegas, Joe Fleming, P.O. Box 75, Chatham, IL 62629, CO, 9/21-25, John J. Beckmann, (515) 5/22-26, Norman Hackler, (281) 444-5279, [email protected]; Americal Div 964-0866, [email protected]; 646th [email protected]; 46th Eng Bn Const Vets Assn, Gettysburg, PA, 11/3-6, Jay AC&W Sqdn, Highlands AFS, NJ, 6/5, Henry (WWII-2005), Branson, MO, 9/9-11, MerriAnn Flanagan, (908) 709-9790, jayfl1@hotmail. Oehlsen, (863) 386-9250, [email protected]; Anderson, (616) 361-5973, merriann. com; Brotherhood of US Army Vets, Falls 667th, 932nd, 933rd, 934th AC&W Sqdns [email protected]; 47th Inf Rgt, Columbus, Church, VA, 5/18-23, George Patterson, (732) (Iceland), Peterson AFB, CO, 5/11-15, William GA, 4/21-24, Frank J. Gubala, (716) 873-4821, 872-1397, [email protected]; C Co 71st Chick, (803) 932-9596, littlechick@msn. [email protected]; 47th Inf Div 135th Rgt Maint Bn (Bamberg, Germany, 1965-1968), com; 794th AC&W (Cape Newenham, (Camp Rucker, AL, 1953-1954), Newport, Las Vegas, 7/27-31, Mike Gallagher, (608) AK), Branson, MO, 4/17-20, (800) 877-8687, TN, 10/28-29, Cordie Sloan, (615) 666-4703 776-2418, [email protected] [email protected] 51st Sig Bn, Branson, MO, 6/3-5, T ommy Charlie Co 1/52nd 198th Americal Div, 3080th Avn Depot Grp, Branson, MO, Thompson, (817) 326-4773, [email protected]; Indianapolis, 7/14-16, Jay Flanagan, (908) 9/25-29, (800) 877-8687, info@bransonfun. 84th Inf Div Railsplitter Society (WWII), 709-9790, [email protected]; L Co 35th Inf com; Nagoya/Komaki AB Reunion Assn 5th Springfield, IL, 8/27-30, Troy Mallory, (217) Rgt 25th Inf Div, Tupelo, MS, 10/4-8, Charles AF, Branson, MO, 5/22-25, John Campo, (816) 223-9062; 96th Div Assn “Deadeyes,” Owens, (662) 447-2179; Nat’l Counter Intel 407-0055, [email protected]; Pilot Class 43- Washington, 7/27-31, Steve Melnyk, (703) Corps Assn, Newburgh, NY, 9/16-19, Jerry D, Pensacola, FL, 4/13-16, Frank Dutko, (850) 521-1900; 134th Assault Heli Co, Chicago, Malme, (585) 243-0819, [email protected]; 932-3467, [email protected]; Pilot Class 6/2-5, Jean Cowan, jeancowan@yahoo. VII Corps Long Range Recon Patrol Co 52-A, Dayton, OH, 5/12-15, Don Schmidt, (623) com; 238th Eng Cbt Bn Assn, Concord, Abn (Nellingen, Germany), Washington, 561-0474, [email protected] NC, 7/15-17, James Druck, (717) 755-4345, 5/10-14, Kirk Gibson, (717) 599-5894, [email protected] [email protected]; Sig Svc & ASA Pilot Class 56-D, Colorado Springs, CO, Okinawa Personnel (TOR 11 Stn, 1945- 11/3-6, Troy Hanson, (719) 632-1779, 244th Port Co 495th Port Bn, Marianna, 1976), Branson, MO, 9/15-18, Paul Watson, [email protected]; Pilot Classes of FL, 6/4, Howard Rogers, (850) 229-6228, (978) 465-7473, [email protected] 1944, Washington, 10/7-10, Stan Yost, [email protected]; 260th Arty (239) 466-1473; Selman Field Hist Assn Grp 260th, 340th, 380th AA/CA/AAA COAST GUARD (WWII Navigation School), Monroe, LA, (WWII, Korean War), Silver Spring, MD, 4/28-5/1, Wilma Rainwater, (318) 323-6404, 10/15, E. Wayne Brizendine, (301) 770- USCG 255 Sailors, Las Vegas, 5/15-18, Doak [email protected] 7876, [email protected]; 281st Avn Co Walker, (907) 789-2579, [email protected]; The Wings of Time Enjoy majestic eagles every hour of the day Four thrilling works by Ted Blaylock displayed in our custom-crafted clock celebrate the splendor of the eagle and its lofty domain. With each season, you can view different scenes of eagles in spectacular vistas, each showcased on a porcelain plate within a handsome, custom- designed, wood clock display. A precision timepiece, the clock features an accurate quartz movement* and a decorative face with another striking eagle portrait by Ted Blaylock. A $75- value, the clock display is yours for the same low price as each plate. A wonderful value; satisfaction guaranteed Your purchase is risk-free thanks to our uncondi- tional 365-day money-back guarantee. To obtain each of the four plates and the handsome clock display at the $34.95** per-piece issue price, the first edition payable in two monthly install- ments of $17.48 each, send no money now. Just complete and return the Reservation Application.

RESERVATION APPLICATION THE______BRADFORD EXCHANGE 9345 Milwaukee Avenue · Niles, IL 60714-1393

YES. Please enter my order for the Wings of Time collector’s clock as described in this announcement. Limit: one clock collection per order. Please Respond Promptly

Signature______

Mr. Mrs. Ms. ______Name (Please Print Clearly)

Address______3 Full display shown much smaller than actual size of 20 ⁄16 in. 1 City ______high x 10 ⁄4 in. wide. Each plate measures 9 x 7 in. State ______Zip ______® 900079-E94991 *Requires 2 AA batteries, not included. **Plus a total of $4.99 per-edition shipping and service. IL residents add state sales tax. Editions are limited to 95 firing days. Prices higher in Canada. Allow 4-8 weeks after initial payment for shipment of Edition One. Clock display sent after Edition One. All ©2005 BGE 01-02066-001-BI sales are subject to product availability and order acceptance. comrades

JOINT (413) 253-4198, [email protected]; [email protected]; Bellegrove LSD 2, 7th Comm Bn 1st Mar Div FMF (Vietnam, Denver, 6/20-25, Lowell Chadwick, (308) AGC Flagship Alliance – Adirondack 1965-1970), Peoria, IL, 6/12-15, Mike Fink, 772-3837; Bellatrix AKA 3, San Diego, AGC 15, Ancon AGC 4, Appalachian (252) 223-4064, [email protected]; 22nd Mar 10/9-12, Harry Bruggeman, (616) 224-4675, AGC 1, Auburn AGC 10, Bibb WAGC 31, Assn, Chicago, 8/10-15, Morris Danzig, (847) [email protected]; Benner DD/DDR 807, Biscayne AGC 18, Blue Ridge AGC 2/LCC 480-9696; Bulk Fuel Assn, Baton Rouge, Saratoga Springs, NY, 6/1-5, Robert Coveney, 19, Campbell WAGC 32, Catoctin AGC 5, LA, 5/13-14, Beth Farmer, (910) 346-3628, (518) 899-3384, [email protected]; Duane AGC 6/ WAGC 33, Eldorado AGC [email protected]; F Co 2nd Bn 7th Block Island Assn, Branson, MO, 5/24-29 , 11, Estes AGC 12, Hamilton WAGC 34, Mar 3rd Mar Div (Vietnam, 1965-1966), (800) 877-8687, [email protected] Ingham WAGC 35, Mt. McKinley AGC 7, Jackson Hole, WY, 6/12-16, Bob Gallaher, (615) Mt. Olympus AGC 8, Mt. Whitney LCC 20, 360-7927, [email protected] Boyd DD 544 Assn, Washington, 9/8- Panamint AGC 13, Pocono AGC 16, Rocky 12, Charles St. John, (409) 656-5217, Mount AGC 3, Spencer WAGC 36, Taconic Fox 2/7 Assn, Branson, MO, 10/12-16, [email protected]; Briareus AR AGC 17, Taney WAGC 37, Teton AGC 14, (800) 877-8687, [email protected]; 12, Ocean City, MD, 10/7-8, Ed Grant, (419) Wasatch AGC 9, Williamsburg AGC 369, H/2/7 (Vietnam), Alexandria, VA, 6/10-12, 394-5573, [email protected]; Brown DD Linthicum, MD, 9/9-13, Mary B. Knierim, (352) Skipper Holm, (360) 871-3593; HMM 265, 546 Assn, Branson, MO, 9/22-25, (800) 877- 751-3448, [email protected] Jacksonville, NC, 5/19-21, Tim Bastyr, (770) 8687, [email protected]; Bryant DD 665, 304-2290, [email protected]; I Co 3/7 1st Philadelphia, 5/12-16, Anne-Marie Nalence, Boxer CV/CVA/CVS 21/LPH/LHD 4, Mar Div, Myrtle Beach, SC, 4/27-30, Dennis E. (215) 322-9337, [email protected]; Bryce Somerset, NJ, 8/25-27, Dick Yanko, (610) Deibert, (717) 652-1695; Motor Trans Assn, Canyon AD 36, San Diego, 10/13-16, Mike 356-4874, [email protected]; Canberra Savannah, GA, 9/18-21, Hal Clapp, (910) 346- Nesbit, (619) 562-5690, [email protected] CA 70/CAG 2 (1943-1971) All Hands & Mar 8797, [email protected] Det, San Antonio, 10/12-16, Ken Minick, (740) Canisteo AO 99, Branson, MO, 10/5-9, (800) 423-8976, [email protected]; Curtiss AV 4 Panama Canal Zone, Myrtle Beach, SC, 877-8687, [email protected]; Capitaine Assn, Salt Lake City, 9/7-10, John C. Ekstadt, 10/11-13, Chuck Milligan, (704) 847-9314, SS 336, Las Vegas, 10/3-5, Gary LaRonge, (952) 891-5954, [email protected]; [email protected]; Philippine Sea CV 47 Mar (775) 751-9435, [email protected]; Mississippi EAG 128, Las Vegas, Oct, Jake Det (1946-1958), Memphis, TN, 10/11-16, Ralph Carlisle, Branson, MO, 9/26-28, (800) 877- Jacobs, (805) 384-9153, [email protected] Lund, (215) 345-6430, [email protected]; Tankers 8687, [email protected]; Carter Hall LSD Assn, San Antonio, 8/31-9/3, Bob McDaniels, 3, San Antonio, 10/6-9, Sidney Shofner, (903) Moroccan Reunion Assn, St. Louis, 9/21-25, (360) 466-3080, [email protected] 849-6617; Charles R. Ware DD 865, Athens, Robert Sieborg, (402) 496-1498; Randolph TN, 8/25-28, Frank Biondo, (516) 481-0034, CV/CVA/CVS 15 All Hands (1944-1970), San [email protected] Antonio, 9/13-18, Sal Rizza, (321) 454-2344; MERCHANT MARINES Vietnam Vets Reunion, Freehold, NY, 7/29- Hoffman Island Radio Officers Assn, Chickasaw ATF 83, Reno, NV, 9/18-23, Richard 31, Tom Heald, [email protected] Tampa, FL, 5/10-13, Harry Sletten, (376) Gibson, (704) 243-2303, rdgibson@prodigy. 766-0839 net; Chikaskia AO 54 (1943-1969), Easton, MARINES MD, 4/14-17, Jack H. Gingrich, (717) 272-6710; 1st Bn 4th Mar Assn, Colorado Springs, NAVY Chilton APA 38, San Antonio, 10/6-9, William CO, 8/3-7, Brad Bennett, (218) 722-4589, Shields, (215) 333-3348, jdubois42@msn. 2nd, 4th & 7th Nav Beach Bns, Sacramento, com; Claude V. Ricketts DDG 5, Philadelphia, [email protected]; 3rd JASCO 3rd CA, 7/9-14, Julius E. Shoulars, (757) 853-4061, Mar Div, Washington, 9/15-18, Dick Mudgett, 6/24-26, Bob Haner, (407) 682-2613, [email protected]; 4th VAPPER, Branson, [email protected] MO, 10/2-6, (800) 877-8687, info@bransonfun. com; 29th Seabees, Myrtle Beach, FL, Cleveland LPD 7, Washington, Oct, Gil 10/28-31, Arthur Grotto, (708) 974-3691, Eaton, (631) 669-2963, gkeaton@optonline. [email protected]; 36th Seabees, net; Cogswell DD 651, Las Vegas, 10/20-22, Elmhurst, IL, 9/18-21, Richard A. Lindner, George Overman, (760) 721-5730, (716) 674-7660, [email protected]; 62nd [email protected]; Coolbaugh DE Seabees, Indianapolis, 9/16-18, Joe Johansen, 217, Orlando, FL, 10/9-14, Milton R. Kochert, (303) 949-3944 (330) 533-5753, [email protected]; Coral Sea CVB/CV/CVA 43, Jacksonville, 143rd NCB Seabees (WWII), Milford, MA, FL, 10/6-9, Bill Johnson, (941) 485-4360, 9/19-23, John A. Saucier, (508) 529-3822; AE [email protected] Sailors Assn – Akutan AE 13, Arctic AOE 8, Butte AE 27, Camden AOE 2, Chara AE Cruiser Sailors Assn, Mobile, AL, 4/21-26, 31, Detroit AOE 4, Diamondhead AE 19, Ronald J. Maciejowski, (508) 824-0789, Firedrake AE 14, Flint AE 32, Great Sitkin [email protected]; Currituck AV 7, AE 17, Haeakala AE 25, Kilauea AE 26, Northbrook, IL, 9/28-10/2, Ronald Curtis, Kitmal AE 16, Lassen AE 3, Mauna Kea AE (573) 943-2349, [email protected]; Dest 22, Mauna Loa AE 8, Mazama AE 9, Mount Escort/APD Sailors, FL, Oct, Richard Ager, Baker AE 4/34, Mount Hood AE 11, Mount (301) 459-3545; Detroit CL 8, Lisle, IL, 9/8-11, Kiska AE 35, Nitro AE 2/23, Paricutin AE George Hogrewe, (630) 323-4589; Dixie AD 18, Pyro AE 1/24, Rainier AE 5/AOE 7, 14, New Orleans, 9/8-11, J.P. Robillard, (504) Sacramento AOE 1, Sangay AE 10, Santa 834-5010, [email protected] Barbara AE 28, Seattle AOE 3, Shasta AE 6/33, Supply AOE 6, Suribachi AE 21, Duncan, Baton Rouge, LA, 11/15- A great books, great ideas, great Vesuvius AE 15, Virgo AE 30, Wrangell AE 20, Bill Featherston, (512) 793-6551, conversations, distance-learning 12, Mobile, AL, 10/26-30, Jerry King, (626) [email protected]; Duxbury Bay AVP 339-9793, [email protected] 38, Egg Harbor City, NJ, 9/12-14, Raymond college that offers undergraduate and A. Kuehner, (609) 965-2085, con-ray- Air Grp 27, Branson, MO, 9/19-22, (800) [email protected]; Essex CV 9, Fort graduate education in the humanities 877-8687, [email protected]; Amph Lauderdale, FL, 8/22-28, Bruce Sims, (770) Attk Boats LCVP-LCM (WWII), Norfolk, VA, 707-1812, [email protected]; Fabius ARV with concentrations in imaginative 5/20-22, Ed Brisbois, (508) 943-5173; Abn (A) 5, Pittsburgh, 5/2-4, Bill Murray, (562) literature, natural sciences, Mine Countermeasures Assn, Virginia 634-1783 Beach, VA, 7/21-24, Barry Marple, (757) philosophy and religion, social 226-9594; Agerholm DD 826, Oklahoma Fechteler DD/DDR 870 & Tin Can Sailors City, Sept, Harold Thompson, (770) 493-7648; Assn, St. Louis, 8/7-11, Jack Hyder, (208) science, jurisprudence and education. Albany CA 123/CG 10/SSN 753, Boston, 324-4016, [email protected]; Firedrake The College of the Humanities and 7/26-31, Dick Desrochers, (603) 594-9798, AE 14, Branson, MO, 4/17/21, (800) 877-8687, [email protected] [email protected]; Frybarger DE/DEC Sciences promotes student-faculty 705, Baltimore, 9/7-11, Alex W. Boyd, (804) Alshain AKA 55, Branson, MO, 10/9-13, (800) 233-0581; Gen. H.W. Butner, San Antonio, scholarship through research, 877-8687, [email protected]; Askari ARL 4/28-5/2, Robert E. Jones, (817) 459-0101, 30 (Vietnam), Fort Mitchell, KY, 8/31-9/4, Lee [email protected]; George E. Davis DE discussion, and the development Daley, (407) 275-0314, [email protected]; 357, Albany, NY, 10/6-9, Rod Hoffmaster, of collaborative publications. Atakapa ATF 149, Tampa, FL, 10/13-17, Ron (610) 926-4590, ussgeorgedavis@yahoo. Buice, (770) 945-3611, rpbuice@bellsouth. com; Grenadier SS 525, Branson, MO, net; Aventinus ARV (E) 3, Pittsburgh, 5/2-4, 5/11-15, (800) 877-8687, info@bransonfun. Bill Murray, (562) 634-1783; Bayfield Vets com; Haggard DD 555 (WWII), Spanish www.chumsci.eduwww.chumsci.edu Grp, Branson, MO, 9/22-26, (800) 877-8687, Fork, UT, 9/14-17, Francis “Spot” Milner, (801) Advertisement Free:

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I also Later might be too late... 1,258,422 satisfied custo- killer. It is such a blessing for talked to several people about * it. I wouldn’t be without it. It The sooner you call us, the sooner mers that have already me. Thank you so much, it lets you can join more than one million experienced the benefits of me walk again.” is a miracle gel.” people who have already discovered Artrosilium. We are asking P O Edekobi from STILL SKEPTICAL? a pain-free new life. Don’t miss this you to read some of their NEED MORE PROOF? unique chance to receive a full tube Willingboro, NJ, of Artrosilium for free. Call now. A testimonials published says: Then go to the Web and visit www.artrosilium.net/ pain-free new life may depend on here – among thousands of “The manufactur- this simple act. ers of this product testimonials You’ll find RIGHT © 2005. others that we have on file hundreds of testimonials. Order on-line at: – telling how they were called Artrosilium are simply wonderful! The gel is very very All of them are amazing. All www.artrosilium.net suffering as you may effective in that it has reduced of them are true. And we Or call toll-free suffer now and how they my longtime pain of the have thousands of others in instantly discovered a new our files that can be seen on 1-866-478-8425 monster arthritis to nothing. I demand at our head office. pain free life thanks to am very happy that I can now *As of 07/01/2004. COPY Specify special offer “ZBU3030” THESE STATEMENTS HAVE NOT BEEN EVALUATED BY THE FOOD AND DRUG ADMINISTRATION. THIS PRODUCT IS NOT INTENDED TO DIAGNOSE, TREAT, CURE OR PREVENT ANY DISEASE. INDIVIDUAL RESULTS MAY VARY. comrades

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Kline, Ralph Koger, Lake AS 33, Norfolk, VA, 9/25-29, Gordon Warren J. Kruck, Eldon Krug, William B. Lamb, www.drfieldbrush.com ©2005 CHP, Inc. comrades Richard C. Lantz, Erling Larson, Richard D. IN SEARCH OF AFWESPAC HQ Co (Manila, Philippines, Littell, Earl J. Lynch, Fred W. Miller, Kenneth P. 1945), G. Gunner Hertwig, (631) 261-4308 McCabe, Clayton H. Moffitt, John A. Munson 1st Anti-Sub Sq, John Looser, (410) 552-6764, B Co 24th S&T Bn (Augsburg, Germany, Jr., Eugene B. Myers, Roland F. Myers, Clyde [email protected] 1966-1970), Robert Hones Jr., (781) 828- F. Neely, Clarence R. Nelson Jr., Orville D. 1st Battle Grp 8th Inf Div C Co (Coleman 8099 Nelson, Robert D. Nelson, Marion B. Parks, Barracks, Mannheim, Germany, 1960- Bittersweet WLB 389 (1944-1990), Jim Hubert Peter, Joe W. Phipps, Louis R. Pottratz, 1962 & Berlin, Aug 1961-Dec 1962), Willie Kirkpatrick, (623) 544-2699, pfdcurly@cox. William N. Rose, William N. Ross, Laverne Paul, (413) 583-3646 net E. Samuelson, William H. Savonell, Verne H. 5th Spec Forces C Mat Team 100 Boxer CV/CVA/CVS 21 & LPH/LHD 4 Schwien, Clyde O. Smalley, Frank F. Sunstrom, (Vietnam, 1970), Timothy Terrell, (336) (Apr 1945-March 1969 & Jan 1995- Jack W. Taber, Fred G. Taylor, Darrell Tingwald, 886-7535 present), Dick Yanko, (610) 356-4874, Dale Titman, John Veale, Dan L. Veeder, Robert 10th Tact Recon Wing 30th Tact Recon Sq [email protected] W. Ward, Joseph B. Wells, Robert G. Westberg, (RAF Alconburg, England & Germany, Bronz APA 236 (1947-1949), Ralph Barlow, Galen M. Wiley, Robert E. Ziel 1958-1961), Robert Brannock, (816) 373-8109 (916) 393-7574, [email protected] Post 278, IA: Kenneth E. Anderson, Kenneth 16th Sig Det SVC COMMz (Poitier, France, Co 6 2nd Ord Tng Bn (Sept 1953), Bervin L. Patnam 1963-1965), Seymour Wyatt Jr., (330) 427- Barr, (717) 917-2593 Post 645, IA: Albrecht Koch, Raymond Peper, 0802, [email protected] Co 183 (NTC Bainbridge, MD, Apr-June Walter J. Petersen 21st Spec Const Bn (Subic, Philippines, 1955), Dick Engwiller, (863) 763-8344, Post 73, IN: George R. Rees Jr. 1945), Richard McMahon Jr., (708) 366-8761, [email protected] Post 202, IN: Jay O. Jacobs, Doyle L. Marr Jr., [email protected] HQ & HQ Co 5th Inf Rgt 8th Inf Div (Mainz Charles Yates 23rd TASS/Rustic FACs (Bien Hoa AB, & Gonsenheim, Germany, 1957-1958), Post 434, IN: Dorothy M. Buck, Billy T. Hux, Ubon RTAFB, 1970-1973), Rog Hamann, James Barbe, (330) 889-2117, jimbo529@aol. Delmon C. Lindsey (207) 375-4883 com Post 158, MO: J.W. “Bill” Poe 24th Inf Div 2nd Bn 7th Arty (Augsburg, Itami AB (Japan, 1950-1960), Jim Miller, Post 253, MO: Milfred Bayer, L.R. Bequette, Germany, Aug 1963-Aug 1965), Michael (816) 761-8724, [email protected] George H. Bond Jr., Homer L. Boyer, Edwin E. Goldberg, (413) 536-2144, mwell@ John R. Craig DD 885 Fast Pitch Softball Burns, Robert H. Frey, George Gibbar, William the-spa.com Team (WESTPAC, 1961-1962), Rich Fabian, E. Holdinghausen, Fred Hummelsheim, Harry 24th Inf Div 13th FA Bn (Korea, (724) 745-0513 W. Kuhnert Sr., Carl F. Mueller, James Neavill, 1950-1952), Phillip Gene Weaver, MANCHU 4/9 25th Inf Div C Co (Vietnam, Michael Posch, Samuel J. Salamon, John 4025 N. 245 E., LaGrange, IN 46761, 1967-1969), Julio Berrios, (787) 318-7961, J. Schneider, John G. Skaggs, John N. Stoll, [email protected] [email protected] Oswald A. Stolzer, Earl A. Toulouse, Ralph 25th Sig Bn C Co (Kaiserslautern, Mil Police Det SCU 1908 (Camp Cook, CA, Tucker, Raymond E. Weible, Carl L. Willm, Germany, 1959-1965), John Skrbec, (708) 1943-1946), Dante Ruffolo, (630) 323-9747, Lytell A. Wolk, Lino Zamudio 389-6864, [email protected] [email protected] Post 359, MO: Ralph Alvarez, August W. 32nd Photo Sqd 5th Recon Grp (North PAC 172nd FPT Bn 172nd Light Inf Bde Bachman, Eugene F. Barbee, Robert L. Africa, WWII), Charles Conlin, (860) (Fort Richardson, AK, May 1976-May Beaver, Thomas A. Bingaman, Charles L. 745-1161 1979), Rey Roman, (210) 675-5376, Bowles Jr., Charles Bunse, Frank Burke, Ben 48th FA Bn (Korea, 1955-1956), Charles [email protected] Clayton, R.F. Coil, Jeff Creviston Jr., Robert W. Schuldt, (573) 223-2650 Pilot Class 54K, Jose “Joe” Guerra, (209) Davis, James P. Doolan, Anthony A. Drennen, 48th TAC Hosp Sqdn (Lakenheath, 634-1752, [email protected] William H. Falkner, Louis Fiquet Jr., Randy J. England, 1960-1964), Mike Jones, (301) Plt 131 (San Diego MCRD, Feb 1952), Ben Ford, John Funk Jr., John H. Funk III, John H. 845-4138, [email protected] Slater, (714) 539-6124, [email protected] Gillespie, William J. Glasbrenner, Sid Gnitt, 60th Anniv Okinawa, Tom Baye, (402) 553- Plt 325 (San Diego, Apr 1961), Richard Lloyd L. Gnuschke, James L. Gray, John D. 6248, [email protected] Hensley, (708) 403-4189 Gregory, Albert T. Hamlet, Clyde L. Heckel, 91st AAA AW Bn M (Ludwigsburg, Plt 2254 (MCRD San Diego, Jan-Mar 1969), Edmond G. Hendrix, James Herbison, Mike Germany, 1951-1954), Dick Johnson, (563) Michael Morningstar, (928) 680-2962, Hernandez, Leon Hitchings, E. Jerry Hughes, 246-2206 [email protected] 53 Peter J. Jiminez, Robert D. Jones, Harry 178th Gen Hosp (Reims, France, Dec 1944- Princeton CV 37 O-ER Div (Korea & Japan, Kephart, Theodore M. Kranitz, Paul F. Larkin, Nov 1945), Adolph Stec, (516) 285-7505, 1953-1956), Duane Heller, (260) 925-6577, Frederick J. Lederer, Keith Lewis, Orville Loe [email protected] [email protected] Jr., William M. Loveland Jr., Terry L. Maag, 226th Sig Serv Co (Taegu, Korea, 1951- SP-MP Det CCB 3rd Armd Div (Gelnhausen, Francis K. Mathys, William Mazvinsky, Hugh 1952), L. Travnicek, (480) 634-6690 Germany, July 1956-Nov 1958), Ray J. McCullough, Marvin C. Miller, Charles 302nd Stat Hosp (England, May-Dec 1944), Moose, (253) 631-8115 R. Modrell, Kenneth Nelson, John Noyes, Robert Holtzman, (402) 274-3276 SS Hydra (Feb-Aug 1945), SS Robert Lucas Jesse L. Olvera, Thomas J. Pflugradt, Robert 305th AREFW/Base Ops and Weather (Apr-Nov 1944), Lee Ryan, (423) 357-2723 Phelps, Jack R. Pinion, C.J. Powers Jr., Billy R. Det (Grissom AFB, IN, 1976-1979), Ed USAF AP Security School (Tyndall Richards, Richard C. Rittmann, Roy E. Roark, Schreiner, (502) 459-7647, ejsdruid@ AFB, Panama City, FL, 1950-1952), Robert G. Row, Carl Sanger, Floyd M. Silcott hotmail.com John Salmans, (402) 439-2384, Jr., Leonard E. Smalley, Everett E. Smith, 317th Eng Bn (C) HQ Co (Hoechst, [email protected] John Snyder, James L. Springs, Earl F. Steeb, Germany, 1954), Robert Weber, (605) 449- USCGC Mallow WAGL 396 (Astoria, OR, Roderick E. Thuman Jr., David L. Violett, David 4210, [email protected] 1952-1955), Don Stockton, (360) 398-1408, N. Voyles, Kenneth A. Wahlgren Jr., Grover A. 606th Ord Co Ammo (Baumholder, [email protected] Wisdom Jr., Joe Zaroor, Donald E. Zellars Germany, 1955-1957), John Carlson, (308) V Corps Pistol Team (Hanau, Germany, Post 144, NC: Bennie A. Cunningham, Harold 832-2249, [email protected] 1959-1961), Gene Coats, 12296 S. Turner Rankin 615th AC&W Sqdn (Hawaii, 1945-1948), Ave., Floral City, FL 34436 Post 328, NJ: Matthew Mott, Joseph Louis Berns, (208) 898-9136 VMSB-243 (South Pacific, 1943-1945), Tom Rembish 709th MP Bn (Germany, 1950-2000), Curt McHugh, (631) 261-9075 Post 57, NM: Floyd C. Danielson Cree, (715) 458-4571, [email protected] Post 243, OH: Bruce R. Talbott 793rd FA Bn C Btry (Omaha Beach to TAPS Post 254, OH: William F. Genarl Elbe River, Germany, 1944-1945), Eldo Post 357, OH: Robert Kastelic Waggoner, 16221 VFW Road, Pekin, IL James O. Coats, Dept. of North Dakota. Post 401, OH: Billy J. Berry, Carl T. Hetzel, 61554, (309) 346-3724 Nat’l Americanism Cncl. Memb. 1977-1982, Vernon “Butch” Worcester 3918th Motor Vehicle Sq (RAF Upper Nat’l Mbrshp. & Post Activ. Cmte. Memb. Post 560, OH: John Pollander Heyford, UK, 1951-1954), Jack Darrell 1982-1983, Dept. Cmdr. 1989-1990, Nat’l Post 610, OH: Rocco J. Colonna, Thomas A. Fortson, (706) 788-2395, [email protected] & Homeland Sec. Cmsn. 1991-1992, Nat’l Dease, Raymond G. De Piero 4047th Cbt Def Sqdn SAC Sec Police Exec. Cmte. Alt. Memb. 1992-1994, Nat’l Post 391, PA: Donald C. Horner, Andrew (McCoy AFB, Orlando, FL, Oct 1961- Legis. Cmsn. 1997-2002 and Nat’l Citizens Mazeppa Dec 1963), Fred Hetler, (260) 492-6541, Flag Alliance Chmn. 1998-2005. Post 934, PA: Rudy Alena, Donald Moatz, [email protected] E.B. Newsome, Dept. of Idaho. Nat’l Child Warren Moyer, John Walters 4049th QM Truck Co 3rd Army (France Welfare Cmsn. Memb. 1961-1964, Nat’l Child Post 102, WI: Frank Ontl & Germany, July 1944-Dec 1945), Joe Welfare Cmsn. Vice Chmn. 1964-1965, Nat’l Post 246, WI: Robert Brocklehurst, John Williams, (360) 491-4865, pokybabo@ Child Welfare Cmsn. Chmn. 1965-1966, Dammon, Greg Ghelf, Eugene Gianoli, aol.com Dept. Cmdr. 1967-1968, Nat’l Exec. Cmte. Florente Jambois, Frank Jambois, Carl D. Noel 6604th Air Police Sq Regatta Team Alt. 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