North Macedonia Report 2020
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Socio-Cultural Conditions of Societal Transformation: the Case of Slovakia
Folia geographica 5 SOCIO-CULTURAL CONDITIONS OF SOCIETAL TRANSFORMATION: THE CASE OF SLOVAKIA Karol KASALA I Introduction Thcre were changing positions of single constituent parts in the story of human civilization. Culture, above all as a precondition for human action, was the most important clement of society in its archaic age of traditional society. Rationalism and especially technical progress led later to the rise of an idea of "economism" with its chief goals: progress and modernity, economic and industrial growth (not development) with great efforts at acceleration of production and the ideologies of consumerism, variety and rising choices, and increasing standard of living. West ern rationalism and economism - based on the Judco-Christian thought tradition, ideas of rationalism and Enlightenment, technical progress and successes of in dustrial Revolution - led to extensive crises. Ecological and enviromental issues, unrenewable resources, congestion, famine, food and social and regional inequal ities poblems, accelerating rhythms of economic crises and thcir social impacts, institutional and power-relations crises, problems of social and health care and urban issucs, losses of ccrtainties and frustrations from rising expectations .... all these issues indicate world-wide view changes. And so we arc witnessing the rising importance of the social and cultural sphere of human civilization, because the changes arc primarily social in their character (position of the individual in the society. changing power relations, hierarch ies and gender relations, social role of the state, social inequalities more problematic than economic inequalities, and so on). This article deals with culture and culturally conditioned social processes and phcnomena, and therefore it does not include problems such as minorities, mobil ity and migration, political, ownership and economic reconstruction institutions, democratization process, social impacts of economic transformation, organization of the society, powershifts, and many others. -
Flash Reports on Labour Law January 2017 Summary and Country Reports
Flash Report 01/2017 Flash Reports on Labour Law January 2017 Summary and country reports EUROPEAN COMMISSION Directorate DG Employment, Social Affairs and Inclusion Unit B.2 – Working Conditions Flash Report 01/2017 Europe Direct is a service to help you find answers to your questions about the European Union. Freephone number (*): 00 800 6 7 8 9 10 11 (*) The information given is free, as are most calls (though some operators, phone boxes or hotels may charge you). LEGAL NOTICE This document has been prepared for the European Commission however it reflects the views only of the authors, and the Commission cannot be held responsible for any use which may be made of the information contained therein. More information on the European Union is available on the Internet (http://www.europa.eu). Luxembourg: Publications Office of the European Union, 2017 ISBN ABC 12345678 DOI 987654321 © European Union, 2017 Reproduction is authorised provided the source is acknowledged. Flash Report 01/2017 Country Labour Law Experts Austria Martin Risak Daniela Kroemer Belgium Wilfried Rauws Bulgaria Krassimira Sredkova Croatia Ivana Grgurev Cyprus Nicos Trimikliniotis Czech Republic Nataša Randlová Denmark Natalie Videbaek Munkholm Estonia Gaabriel Tavits Finland Matleena Engblom France Francis Kessler Germany Bernd Waas Greece Costas Papadimitriou Hungary Gyorgy Kiss Ireland Anthony Kerr Italy Edoardo Ales Latvia Kristine Dupate Lithuania Tomas Davulis Luxemburg Jean-Luc Putz Malta Lorna Mifsud Cachia Netherlands Barend Barentsen Poland Leszek Mitrus Portugal José João Abrantes Rita Canas da Silva Romania Raluca Dimitriu Slovakia Robert Schronk Slovenia Polonca Končar Spain Joaquín García-Murcia Iván Antonio Rodríguez Cardo Sweden Andreas Inghammar United Kingdom Catherine Barnard Iceland Inga Björg Hjaltadóttir Liechtenstein Wolfgang Portmann Norway Helga Aune Lill Egeland Flash Report 01/2017 Table of Contents Executive Summary .............................................. -
Bosnia and Herzegovina Joint Opinion on the Legal
Strasbourg, Warsaw, 9 December 2019 CDL-AD(2019)026 Opinion No. 951/2019 Or. Engl. ODIHR Opinion Nr.:FoA-BiH/360/2019 EUROPEAN COMMISSION FOR DEMOCRACY THROUGH LAW (VENICE COMMISSION) OSCE OFFICE FOR DEMOCRATIC INSTITUTIONS AND HUMAN RIGHTS (OSCE/ODIHR) BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA JOINT OPINION ON THE LEGAL FRAMEWORK GOVERNING THE FREEDOM OF PEACEFUL ASSEMBLY IN BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA, IN ITS TWO ENTITIES AND IN BRČKO DISTRICT Adopted by the Venice Commission at its 121st Plenary Session (Venice, 6-7 December 2019) On the basis of comments by Ms Claire BAZY-MALAURIE (Member, France) Mr Paolo CAROZZA (Member, United States of America) Mr Nicolae ESANU (Substitute member, Moldova) Mr Jean-Claude SCHOLSEM (substitute member, Belgium) This document will not be distributed at the meeting. Please bring this copy. www.venice.coe.int CDL-AD(2019)026 - 2 - Table of Contents I. Introduction ................................................................................................................ 3 II. Background and Scope of the Opinion ...................................................................... 4 III. International Standards .............................................................................................. 5 IV. Legal context and legislative competence .................................................................. 6 V. Analysis ..................................................................................................................... 8 A. Definitions of public assembly .................................................................................. -
Energy and Water Services Regulatory Commission of the Republic of North Macedonia in 2018
ENERGY AND WATER SERVICES REGULATORY COMMISSION OF THE REPUBLIC OF NORTH MACEDONIA APRIL 2019 ANNUAL REPORT 201 8 Annual Report of the Energy and Water Services Regulatory Commission of the Republic of North Macedonia in 2018 ENERGY AND WATER SERVICES REGULATORY COMMISSION OF THE REPUBLIC OF NORTH MACEDONIA ___________________________________________________________________ The Annual Report of the Energy and Water Services Regulatory Commission of the Republic of North Macedonia for 2018 has been prepared in accordance with Article 36 from the Energy Law, which establishes the obligation of the Energy and Water Services Regulatory Commission to submit the Annual Report for its operation during the previous year to the Assembly of the Republic of North Macedonia, not later than 30th of April of the current year. The Annual Report of the Energy and Water Services Regulatory Commission for 2018 contains detailed information on the performance of the competences according to the Energy Law and the Law on Setting Prices of Water Services, as well as information on the material-financial operation. The Energy Law also determines that the Annual Report of the Energy and Water Services Regulatory Commission needs to be submitted to the Government of the Republic of North Macedonia and the Ministry competent for the performance of the assignments within the energy area, so that they could be informed, as well as to the Energy Community Secretariat. The Report contains overview of the activities performed by the Energy and Water Services Regulatory Commission during 2018, with special review of: − State of the energy markets, − State of the prices and tariffs regulation, − Preparing regulatory acts, − International activities and − Financial Statement of the Energy and Water Services Regulatory Commission. -
Slovak Republic
Doing Business 2020 Slovak Republic Economy Profile Slovak Republic Page 1 Doing Business 2020 Slovak Republic Economy Profile of Slovak Republic Doing Business 2020 Indicators (in order of appearance in the document) Starting a business Procedures, time, cost and paid-in minimum capital to start a limited liability company Dealing with construction permits Procedures, time and cost to complete all formalities to build a warehouse and the quality control and safety mechanisms in the construction permitting system Getting electricity Procedures, time and cost to get connected to the electrical grid, and the reliability of the electricity supply and the transparency of tariffs Registering property Procedures, time and cost to transfer a property and the quality of the land administration system Getting credit Movable collateral laws and credit information systems Protecting minority investors Minority shareholders’ rights in related-party transactions and in corporate governance Paying taxes Payments, time, total tax and contribution rate for a firm to comply with all tax regulations as well as postfiling processes Trading across borders Time and cost to export the product of comparative advantage and import auto parts Enforcing contracts Time and cost to resolve a commercial dispute and the quality of judicial processes Resolving insolvency Time, cost, outcome and recovery rate for a commercial insolvency and the strength of the legal framework for insolvency Employing workers Flexibility in employment regulation and redundancy cost Page 2 Doing Business 2020 Slovak Republic About Doing Business The Doing Business project provides objective measures of business regulations and their enforcement across 190 economies and selected cities at the subnational and regional level. -
Painful Past, Fragile Future the Delicate Balance in the Western Balkans Jergović, Goldsworthy, Vučković, Reka, Sadiku Kolozova, Szczerek and Others
No 2(VII)/2013 Price 19 PLN (w tym 5% VAT) 10 EUR 12 USD 7 GBP ISSN: 2083-7372 quarterly April-June www.neweasterneurope.eu Painful Past, Fragile Future The delicate balance in the Western Balkans Jergović, Goldsworthy, Vučković, Reka, Sadiku Kolozova, Szczerek and others. Strange Bedfellows: A Question Ukraine’s oligarchs and the EU of Solidarity Paweï Kowal Zygmunt Bauman Books & Reviews: Tadeusz Mazowiecki, Mykola Riabchuk, Robert D. Kaplan and Jan Švankmajer Seversk: A New Direction A Siberian for Transnistria? Oasis Kamil Caïus Marcin Kalita Piotr Oleksy Azerbaijan ISSN 2083-7372 A Cause to Live For www.neweasterneurope.eu / 13 2(VII) Emin Milli Arzu Geybullayeva Nominated for the 2012 European Press Prize Dear Reader, In 1995, upon the declaration of the Dayton Peace Accords, which put an end to one of the bloodiest conflicts in the former Yugoslavia, the Bosnian War, US President, Bill Clinton, announced that leaders of the region had chosen “to give their children and their grandchildren the chance to lead a normal life”. Today, after nearly 20 years, the wars are over, in most areas peace has set in, and stability has been achieved. And yet, in our interview with Blerim Reka, he echoes Clinton’s words saying: “It is the duty of our generation to tell our grandchildren the successful story of the Balkans, different from the bloody Balkans one which we were told about.” This and many more observations made by the authors of this issue of New Eastern Europe piece together a complex picture of a region marred by a painful past and facing a hopeful, yet fragile future. -
The Macedonian “Name” Dispute: the Macedonian Question—Resolved?
Nationalities Papers (2020), 48: 2, 205–214 doi:10.1017/nps.2020.10 ANALYSIS OF CURRENT EVENTS The Macedonian “Name” Dispute: The Macedonian Question—Resolved? Matthew Nimetz* Former Personal Envoy of the Secretary-General of the United Nations and former Special Envoy of President Bill Clinton, New York, USA *Corresponding author. Email: [email protected] Abstract The dispute between Greece and the newly formed state referred to as the “Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia” that emerged out of the collapse of Yugoslavia in 1991 was a major source of instability in the Western Balkans for more than 25 years. It was resolved through negotiations between Athens and Skopje, mediated by the United Nations, resulting in the Prespa (or Prespes) Agreement, which was signed on June 17, 2018, and ratified by both parliaments amid controversy in their countries. The underlying issues involved deeply held and differing views relating to national identity, history, and the future of the region, which were resolved through a change in the name of the new state and various agreements as to identity issues. The author, the United Nations mediator in the dispute for 20 years and previously the United States presidential envoy with reference to the dispute, describes the basis of the dispute, the positions of the parties, and the factors that led to a successful resolution. Keywords: Macedonia; Greece; North Macedonia; “Name” dispute The Macedonian “name” dispute was, to most outsiders who somehow were faced with trying to understand it, certainly one of the more unusual international confrontations. When the dispute was resolved through the Prespa Agreement between Greece and (now) the Republic of North Macedonia in June 2018, most outsiders (as frequently expressed to me, the United Nations mediator for 20 years) responded, “Why did it take you so long?” And yet, as protracted conflicts go, the Macedonian “name” dispute is instructive as to the types of issues that go to the heart of a people’s identity and a nation’s sense of security. -
The Republic of North Macedonia
182 The Republic of North Macedonia A. Progress in the implementation of the minimum standard The Republic of North Macedonia has 47 tax agreements in force, as reported in its response to the Peer Review questionnaire. None of the Republic of North Macedonia’s agreements comply with the minimum standard or are subject to a complying instrument. B. Implementation issues No jurisdiction has raised any concerns about the Republic of North Macedonia. The Republic of North Macedonia is encouraged to implement the minimum standard in its agreements. Summary of the jurisdiction response – The Republic of North Macedonia Treaty partners Compliance with If compliant, the Signature of a The alternative Comments the standard alternative complying implemented implemented instrument through the complying instrument (if not the MLI) 1 Albania* No N/A No N/A 2 Austria No N/A No N/A 3 Azerbaijan* No N/A No N/A 4 Belarus* No N/A No N/A 5 Belgium No N/A No N/A partial compliance with respect to PPT 6 Bosnia and No N/A No N/A Herzegovina* 7 Bulgaria No N/A No N/A 8 China (People’s No N/A No N/A Republic of) 9 Chinese Taipei* No N/A No N/A 10 Croatia No N/A No N/A 11 Czech Republic No N/A No N/A 12 Denmark No N/A No N/A 13 Estonia No N/A No N/A 14 Finland No N/A No N/A 15 France No N/A No N/A 16 Germany No N/A No N/A 17 Hungary No N/A No N/A 18 India No N/A No N/A partial compliance with respect to PPT PREVENTION OF TREATY ABUSE – SECOND PEER REVIEW REPORT ON TREATY SHOPPING © OECD 2021 183 19 Iran* No N/A No N/A 20 Ireland No N/A No N/A 21 Italy No N/A -
The Kosovo War Tour: Dealing with the Country's War History As a Tour Operator
The Kosovo war tour: dealing with the country’s war history as a tour operator Image 1. “Adem Jashari” memorial complex, Prekaz, Kosovo. 31 May, 2018. by Sarah Driessen Driessen s4361954/1 s4361954 August, 2018 ⁕ Preface ⁕ The first time I visited Kosovo was three years ago in 2015. The country caught my interest and I have been going back there every year since. This is why the decision to focus on Kosovo for my research was quickly made. As a tourist, you stand out, because there are not many there. I have seen the beautiful and positive sides of Kosovo but at the same time I have noticed how the country, years after the war, still has a long way to go. With my research, I want to give a helping hand and combine tourism with the development of the country and dealing with the war history. I have written this thesis for my master’s degree in Human Geography: Cultural Geography & Tourism at the Radboud University, Nijmegen. I went to stay in the capital of Kosovo, Pristina, for three months and experienced what it is like to live there instead of just being a tourist. I hope this thesis can be of value to the person reading it. Sarah Driessen Gendt, 7 August, 2018 Driessen s4361954/2 ⁕ Summary ⁕ This research looks at the possibility of offering a war tour in Kosovo as a way to handle the war history of the country as a tour operator. Kosovo has a negative image among Dutch people, which is mostly caused by the country’s war history. -
The Panoramic Tour of Skopje
The Panoramic Tour of Skopje 22 April 2017 09:00 Departure from the conference center Professional and experienced licensed guide during the tours. Transportation by a comfortable AC non smoking Luxurious car / Van with professional driver. 20:00 Returning to the hotel Price: FREE During the Tour will visit the Historical Places Macedonia Square Stone Bridge Skopje Fortress Old Bazaar Skopje Ishak Bey Mosque Museum of The Macedonian Struggle (Skopje) Note: Only, the museums entrance fee and lunch will be paid by the participants. Historical Places Information 1. Macedonia Square It is located in the central part of the city, and it crosses the Vardar River. The Christmas festivals are always held there and it commonly serves as the site of cultural, political and other events. The independence of Macedonia from Yugoslavia was declared here by the country's first president, Kiro Gligorov. The square is currently under re- development and there are many new buildings around the square being constructed. The three main streets that merge onto the square are Maksim Gorki, Dimitar Vlahov and Street Macedonia. Dimitar Vlahov Street was converted into a pedestrian street in 2011. Maksim Gorki, while not a pedestrian zone, is lined with Japanese Cherry trees, whose blossoms in spring mark a week-long series of Asian cultural events. Finally, Macedonia Street, the main pedestrian street, connects Macedonia Square to the Old Railway Station (destroyed by the 1963 earthquake), which houses the City of Skopje Museum. Along Macedonia Street is the Mother Teresa Memorial House, which features an exhibit of art facts from Mother Teresa's life. -
The Macedonia-Greece Dispute/Difference Over the Name Issue: Mitigating the Inherently Unsolvable
New Balkan Politics Issue 14, 2013 The Macedonia-Greece dispute/difference over the name issue: mitigating the inherently unsolvable Hristijan Ivanovski1 Center for Defence and Security Studies University of Manitoba [email protected] Abstract Having entered its third decade, the Macedonia-Greece naming disputei seems as if it is set to join an infamous category of international relations—that of the world‘s chronic unsolvable issues. By focusing on the post-2006 decline in Macedonian-Greek (political) relations and the stalemate in negotiations on the name issue, this paper lays out and reassesses most of the fundamental components and recent variables in the dispute but also seeks to demystify important aspects of the dispute and to identify the space for a rational, common sense solution. Beginning with a substantiated claim that obstructive politics have been practised by certain NATO/EU circles towards Macedonia, and going on to deconstruct the myth that the dispute is purely bilateral and limited only to the name issue, this article warns that the intermittent optimism exhibited among the stakeholders in the negotiations means little given the historical depth of this otherwise simple dispute. The main message of this paper, however, is contained in a subsequent definition of the dispute as (part of) a perverse, inherently unsolvable, centuries-old problem that can only be mitigated rather than conclusively addressed, since it is based on vital, incompatible national interests and, consequently, a rigid, inter-state/inter- society disagreement. The pressing need to mitigate the dispute via local pragmatism, balanced diplomatic pressure, and the adoption of an inventive approach, especially after the Kosovo problem has been satisfactorily closed (at least temporarily), guarantees almost nothing, since both Macedonia and Greece have strong strategic rationales for not approaching a compromise. -
Snapshot Report
SNAPSHOT REPORT OF THE RESEARCH PROJECT: REFUGEELAW.MK “REFUGEES AND MIGRATION IN THE CONTEXT OF THE BALKAN ROUTE – NORTH MACEDONIA’S DISCOURSE DURING 2020 EARLY GENERAL ELECTIONS” Alumni 6 students Mentors 3 Months of historical SNAPSHOT REPORT OF THE RESEARCH REPORT PROJECT: SNAPSHOT 4 overview and context Months research period on daily basis 5 Discourse study areas: 3 public, media and political Focus groups 6 Sources (news, posts, shows, press conferences, events, statements, debates, rallies, articles, columns, 1433 interviews, video records). Comprehensive study to be published in November 2020 1 “REFUGEES AND MIGRATION IN THE CONTEXT OF THE BALKAN ROUTE –NORTH MACEDONIA’S DISCOURSE DURING 2020 EARLY GENERAL ELECTIONS” DISCOURSE DURING 2020 EARLY IN THE CONTEXT OF THE BALKAN MACEDONIA’S ROUTE –NORTH “REFUGEES AND MIGRATION SNAPSHOT REPORT of the research project: “Refugees and Migration in the context of the Balkan Route –North Macedonia’s discourse during 2020 early general elections” BACKGROUND The project aimed at identifying and analyzing the public, political and media discourse in North Macedonia on issues related to refugees and migration flows in the context of the Balkan route prior and in the course of the political campaign for early parliamentary elections in 2020. The EU’s non-decision in October 2019 for North Macedonia and Albania has triggered an enormous amount of discon- tent in the country and the setting convoluted by early spring due to COVID-19 outbreak when elections were postponed. The already grave political situation was additionally triggered by the enhanced refugee and migration flows, spurring the public, political and media discourse with nationalism, xenophobia and hate speech.