Loyalhanna Creek Water Trail

Ligonier to Saltsburg Map & Guide Water trails are recreational waterways on a lake, river, or ocean between specific points, containing access points and day-use and/or camping sites for the boating public. Water trails emphasize low-impact use and promote stewardship of the re- sources. Explore this unique Pennsylvania water trail.

FLOATING THE LOYALHANNA

Loyalhanna Creek offers a surprising variety of pad- Loyalhanna dling experiences: whitewater and moving flatwater through Gorge scenic ravines, including Chestnut Ridge, and still water on Loyalhanna Lake with open views of birds and wildlife. Photo by The Loyalhanna is best paddled in spring or after rain Clark Fisher with at least 250 cubic feet per second of flow (see box). The stream is a coldwater fishery above Kingston Dam and a warm-water fishery below the small, hazardous dam. For your safety and enjoyment: Above Ligonier and through Loyalhanna Gorge, the stream is Class I and II whitewater. Boaters can run 5 or 6 • Always wear a life jacket. miles (best at 300 cfs) and take out at Kingston. Except in • Obtain proper instruction in boating skills. high flow, Kingston Dam can be portaged to go another 2.5 miles to Mission Road (Murphy’s) Bridge access. • Know fishing and boating regulations. Below Mission Road, the moving flatwater has few rif- • Be prepared for river hazards. fles. Float Mission Road through Latrobe to Sanderson Car- • Carry proper equipment. top access (6 miles) or Latrobe to New Alexandria (9 or 11 miles). On-water activities are inherently dangerous. The Loyalhanna is a lake below Inflow access. At high Loyalhanna Creek Water Trail users are advised to water levels, the lake extends well up stream. Lake paddling follow recommended routes and be informed that is a bit more work than going with the flow, but Loyalhanna river conditions vary and can change rapidly based Lake can be explored in low flow, as can the lake in nearby on weather events. Trail users are reminded that Keystone State Park, where boats can be rented. The stream below the dam is isolated and scenic. Call they are responsible for their own safety and must the Army Corps of Engineers to have a gate opened to the follow Pennsylvania boating regulations. tailrace access area or carry boats down a long hill to put in. Access Areas: Loyalhanna Watershed Association Paddle 5 miles and work upstream a short distance to take sponsors Loyalhanna Water Trail. LWA can inform the out on the Conemaugh River’s far shore in Saltsburg, or pad- owners of access areas about maintenance, litter or other dle another 5 miles down the Kiski River from Saltsburg to issues. Please call (724) 238-7560 to report such issues. Avonmore.

Stream Gauge Readings Generally the Loyalhanna should be at least 250 cubic feet per second (cfs) to be a fun paddle. Only highly skilled

paddlers should run it at 500 cfs. To check the USGS gauge: http://waterdata.usgs.gov/usa/nwis/uv?03045000. Outfitters Serving the Loyalhanna Creek Area Saltsburg River & Trail (724) 639-1314 www.rivtrail.com Northwest Boat Rentals, Keystone State Park (724) 668-0044 www.northwestkayakandcanoe.com

NATURE AND HISTORY IN AND ALONG THE LOYALHANNA CREEK

The name Loyalhanna comes from the Delaware Indian cially birds and bird migration, as an arm of the Carnegie Mu- village of Layalhanning, which was settled in 1727. It means seum of Natural History. “middle stream,” an apparent reference to the fact that Cone- The upper end of Loyalhanna Creek is too small for boating maugh Gorge is to the north and Youghiogheny Gorge is to the as it flows north along Route 381 toward Laughlintown, but an- south of Loyalhanna Gorge. glers are attracted by the delayed-harvest, artificial-lures only When white men first crossed the Alleghenies, they found section from Route 711 near Ligonier downstream to just above chestnut and oak forests, and lots of game and fish. Few people Two Mile Run Road Bridge. Mill Creek enters here. Anglers settled here before 1769. By 1800, the surrounding area was report occasionally catching tiger trout, which were bred for a farms with a few grist mills and saw mills. country club upstream or stocked by a local group. The lower Loyalhanna Creek originates on Lau- reaches offer pike and muskie, which rel and Chestnut ridges near Donegal, A great blue heron in nest migrate from Donegal, Keystone or flowing north toward Ligonier. Below Photo by Brad Clemenson Loyalhanna Lake. Ligonier, the stream passes Idlewild Park The stream is heavily stocked and Soak Zone, cuts a beautiful, deep with trout from Ligonier to Latrobe gorge through Chestnut Ridge and passes and heavily fished through the Gorge through the City of Latrobe. Then it passes as the divided section of Route 30 Keystone State Park and enters Loyal- provides access to both sides of the hanna Lake, a large flood-control reservoir water. This area is also fun for white- that, like Keystone, offers boating, camp- water boaters and extremely scenic. ing and hiking. It meets the Conemaugh Kayaking and trout fishing decline River at Saltsburg to form the Kiskminetas by mid-summer as water levels drop River, which flows into the Allegheny and temperature rise, but smallmouth River north of Pittsburgh. bass and other warm-water species The 298 square-mile watershed has keep anglers active. Boulders and long 2,500 miles of stream with tributaries of riffles occasionally give way to surpris- various size and quality. It has mostly for- ingly deep pools, which are popular for ested headwaters and natural areas swimming on hot summer days. throughout its middle section, but is im- In Latrobe, the stream corridor is pacted by abandoned mine drainage surprisingly green. Latrobe Hospital, a (AMD), sedimentation from erosion, acid precipitation, and brewery and other buildings add interest, although aesthetics de- nutrient loading. Historic coal mining, farming, and develop- teriorate in spots where little grows on earthen flood-control ment threaten the water quality. Loyalhanna Watershed Asso- channels. ciation was founded in 1971 to address these pollution impacts At the end of Latrobe, Saxman Run enters with water and preserve natural areas. turned orange from abandoned-mine drainage, and the highly Loyalhanna Creek offers an exceptional array of fishing oxygenated outflow from the sewage-treatment plant makes the opportunities. Some headwaters streams flowing off the ridges water murky, so it is difficult to see the bottom and the fish. contain native brook, brown and rainbow trout. Feeders in- That’s not to say there are no fish, because the presence of great clude Linn Run flowing from a state park of the same name, blue herons and word from anglers indicate it’s still a viable fish- and Powdermill Run, around which Powermill Nature Reserve ery. In addition, red tail hawks and snapping turtles are often conducts research and provides education on wildlife, espe- spotted in this corridor.

Route 981 and historic railroad bridges in Latrobe. Photo by Brad Clemenson A stone pier re- mains from Carr Road Bridge, which carried an electric railway and then cars. Its location is marked on the map with this icon:

Photo by Brad Clemenson ALONG THE WAY: WHAT TO SEE ALONG THE LOYALHANNA

Ligonier, RM 36-34: Fort Ligonier, built on a Native Steel and immigrants followed. Constructed wetlands treat old American village, supplied British and Colonial troops in mine discharges at Saint Vincent College and in the heart of the 1758 seeking to force the French from the strategic Forks of city, improving the water quality. the Ohio, now Pittsburgh. The fort held off two attacks. Keystone State Park, RM 15: The park is not accessible The town was bypassed by the Pennsylvania Railroad but from the stream, but its lake is another place to paddle. Boats connected in 1877 by Ligonier Valley Railroad, which sur- can be rented here. The 78-acre lake is stocked all season with vives as a museum near Idlewild Park. The timber-hauling trout and holds bass, muskie, pike and other warm-water fish. Pittsburgh, Westmoreland and Somerset Railroad survives The park has camping, cabins, yurts, trails and wildlife. Execu- as trails in Forbes State Forest and Linn Run State Park. tives of Keystone Coal & Coke Co. enjoyed the company-built Loyalhanna Watershed Association maintains a 1-mile na- lake and stone lodge that now are central to the park. Treatment ture trail with boat access along Route 30. of mine drainage restores life to McCune Run before it enters Idlewild Park and Soak Zone, RM 33: Olde Idlewild Loyalhanna Creek; a self-guided tour explains how it works. includes a merry-go-round listed on the National Register of New Alexandria, RM 14-13: Historic Places, a wooden roller-coaster and other rides. Trappers and traders settled here before Mister Rogers’ Neighborhood of Make Believe, Story Book 1760 and fought in the Revolutionary War. Forest and SoakZone are major attractions. See Elizabeth Craig, daughter of one of them, www.idlewild.com. designed the coiled rattlesnake striking the Buttermilk Falls, RM 32: Kayakers call this pretty British Union Jack on this flag, which was little waterfall a Class II rapid just below Darlington. carried in a confrontation at Hannas Town, a nearby historic site. Loyalhanna Gorge, RM 32-29: This beautiful gorge Loyalhanna Lake: RM 13-5: Loyalhanna Dam rises 114 through Chestnut Ridge is 900 feet deep. The river gradient feet above the stream to hold water to reduce flooding in Pitts- drops 100 feet in 3 miles. Ledges and boulders offer highly burgh and other areas down stream. Lake elevation is normally oxygenated water that fish like 918 feet, boating is closed at 927 and Class I and II whitewater For More Information feet, and water rises to 975 feet at flood stage as adja- cent Army for boating when flow is suffi- • Loyalhanna Watershed Association: http:// cient. Massive sandstone and www.loyalhannawatershed.org Corps of Engineers land floods. limestone layers form the The lake has fishing, boating and • Loyalhanna Lake: http://www.lrp.usace.army.mil/rec/ camping, plus hunting on 3,200 gorge’s rim. Sandy shales are lakes/loyalhan.htm exposed at the base, where the acres leased to the Pennsylvania • Keystone State Park: http://www.dcnr.state.pa.us/ geologic record of hundreds of Game Commission. No alcohol stateparks/findapark/keystone/ millions of years is recorded allowed. Speedboats pulling ski- • Laurel Highlands Visitors Bureau: in the rocks. ers are common, but inlets, coves www.laurelhighlands.org Causeway and Kingston and backwaters offer quiet to an • Lincoln Highway Experience: www.LHHC.org Dam, RM 30-29: two hazard- glers, paddlers and birders. Plat- • Laurel Highlands Trout Trail: www.lhtrouttrail.com ous features must be avoided forms attract osprey. Many birds • Laurel Highlands Conservation Landscape: www/ in high flows and can be port- migrate through in spring and pecpa.org/Laurel_Highlands aged with prior scouting in fall. The lake holds blue gill, • Communities: Ligonier: http://ligonier.com/ low or moderate flow. largemouth bass, trophy- sized Latrobe: http://www.cityoflatrobe.com/ Lincoln Highway Ex- musky, tiger musky, wall eye and New Alexandria: http://www.newalexpa.com/ perience, RM 29 : This center a small but established population Saltsburg: http://www.visitsaltsburg.com in an old stone mansion on of northern pike. Route 30 interprets the historic Lincoln Highway, the na- Saltsburg: RM 0: This tion’s first coast-to-coast highway. town produced salt on the Conemaugh River at the Loyalhanna’s Latrobe, RM 26-21: Latrobe was incorporated in mouth. Canal Park interprets the Pennsylvania Main Line Canal. 1854. Pennsylvania Railroad and the creek spawned a paper The West Penn and Westmoreland Heritage rail-trails, and the mill, tanneries and breweries. Coal brought more industry. Kiski-Conemaugh Water Trail all meet here.

PENNSYLVANIA BOATING REGULATIONS, SAFETY, STEWARDSHIP AND RESPECT • A U.S. Coast Guard-approved wearable personal flotation Sudden winds and rain are common and can turn a pleasant trip device (PFD or life jacket) is required for each person on into a risky, unpleasant venture. board. In addition, one throwable device (seat cushion or ring • Wear wading shoes or tennis shoes with wool, polypropylene, buoy) is required on boats 16 feet in length or longer. Canoes pile or neoprene socks. and kayaks, regardless of length, are not required to carry a • Never take your boat over a low-head dam. throwable device. • Portage (carry) your boat around any section of water about • From November 1 through April 30, boaters must wear a which you feel uncertain. life jacket on boats less than 16 feet in length or any canoe or • Never boat alone. Boating safety increases with numbers. kayak during these cold weather months. • Keep painter lines (ropes tied to the bow) and any other ropes • Life jackets must be the appropriate size coiled and secured. for the person intended and must be in good, • Never tie a rope to yourself or to another paddler, especially a serviceable condition. child. • Life jackets must be worn by all children • Kneel to increase your stability before entering rougher water, 12 years old and younger on all boats 20 like a rapid. feet or less in length while under way, and • If you collide with an obstruction, lean toward it. This will usu- on all canoes and kayaks. Others are ally prevent capsizing or flooding the boat. strongly encouraged to wear a PFD at all times on the water. • File a float plan with a reliable person, indicating where you • All boats must display an anchor light (a white light visible are going and when you will return. Remember to contact the 360 degrees) when at anchor between sunset and sunrise. person when you have returned safely.

Boats can use a lantern or clip-on battery-powered unit to Stewardship meet this requirement. Care for the land, water and cultural resources along the • Unpowered boats must carry a white light, either hand- stream. Respect wildlife, nature and other recreationists. Wash held or installed, to be displayed in time to avoid a collision footwear, boats and vehicles to minimize the spread of invasive between sunset and sunrise and during restricted visibility. species to other waterways. Review the • All powered boats must show running lights between sun- “Leave No Trace” outdoor ethics guide- set and sunrise. All boats are required to carry a sound- lines at www.lnt.org to minimize your im- producing device. Motorboats less than 40 feet in length pact. These include: must carry some mechanical means of making a sound sig- 1. Plan and prepare nal. This device may be hand-, mouth- or power-operated. An 2. Travel and camp on durable surfaces athletic coach’s whistle is an acceptable device. Operators of 3. Dispose of waste properly unpowered boats (canoes, kayaks, rowboats, paddleboards) 4. Leave what you find are required to carry a device capable of sounding a pro- 5. Minimize campfires longed blast for 4-6 seconds that can be heard by another 6. Respect wildlife boat operator in time to avoid a collision. An athletic coach’s 7. Be considerate of other visitors whistle is acceptable. • All motorboats must be registered, regardless of where Respect Landowners Privacy and Rights they launch. Plan and make stops on shorelines open to the public. • Unpowered boats (canoes, kayaks, rowboats) using Penn- From Latrobe to Loyalhanna Lake, most shorelines are owned sylvania Fish & Boat Commission or State Park or Forest ac- by the Army Corps of Engineers, but above and below here, all cess areas must either be registered OR display a valid areas are privately owned. Respect the privacy and rights of launch permit. Launch permits can be purchased through the landowners by obtaining permission before entering any privately Commission’s at www.fishandboat.com (Click the “Outdoor owned land. Avoid boisterous behavior and making loud noises. Shop” icon) or at many state park offices. Share the same courtesy that you would want. • Operating watercraft, including canoes and kayaks, under the influence of alcohol or drugs is illegal. This law is strongly enforced for user safety. For further information on boating regulations, contact the Pennsylvania Fish & Boat Commis- sion at www.fishandboat.com .

Paddling Safety Tips • Wear your life jacket: 80 percent of all recreational boating fatalities happen to people not wearing a life jacket. • Expect to get wet. Even the best paddlers sometimes cap- size or swamp their boats. Bring extra clothing in a water- Our Partners and Funders proof bag. Loyalhanna Watershed Association is the official trail spon- • Be prepared to swim. If the water looks too hazardous to sor. This map & guide was developed by Pennsylvania Environ- swim in, don’t go paddling. mental Council in partnership with LWA, Pennsylvania Fish & • If you capsize, hold on to your boat, unless it presents a Boat Commission, the Department of Conservation & Natural life-threatening situation. If floating in current, position your- Resources, and the Army Corps of Engineers. self on the upstream side of the capsized boat. The project was supported by grants from the Community • Scout ahead whenever possible. Know the river. Avoid Conservation Partnerships Program, Environmental Stewardship surprises. Fund of PA DCNR, and the Richard King Mellon and Katherine • Be prepared for the weather. Get a forecast before you go. Mabis McKenna Foundations. ƒ

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