Oestrogens, Progestins and Combinations
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Suitability of Immobilized Systems for Microbiological Degradation of Endocrine Disrupting Compounds
molecules Review Suitability of Immobilized Systems for Microbiological Degradation of Endocrine Disrupting Compounds Danuta Wojcieszy ´nska , Ariel Marchlewicz and Urszula Guzik * Institute of Biology, Biotechnology and Environmental Protection, Faculty of Natural Science, University of Silesia in Katowice, Jagiello´nska28, 40-032 Katowice, Poland; [email protected] (D.W.); [email protected] (A.M.) * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +48-3220-095-67 Academic Editors: Urszula Guzik and Danuta Wojcieszy´nska Received: 10 September 2020; Accepted: 25 September 2020; Published: 29 September 2020 Abstract: The rising pollution of the environment with endocrine disrupting compounds has increased interest in searching for new, effective bioremediation methods. Particular attention is paid to the search for microorganisms with high degradation potential and the possibility of their use in the degradation of endocrine disrupting compounds. Increasingly, immobilized microorganisms or enzymes are used in biodegradation systems. This review presents the main sources of endocrine disrupting compounds and identifies the risks associated with their presence in the environment. The main pathways of degradation of these compounds by microorganisms are also presented. The last part is devoted to an overview of the immobilization methods used for the purposes of enabling the use of biocatalysts in environmental bioremediation. Keywords: EDCs; hormones; degradation; immobilization; microorganisms 1. Introduction The development of modern tools for the separation and identification of chemical substances has drawn attention to the so-called micropollution of the environment. Many of these contaminants belong to the emergent pollutants class. According to the Stockholm Convention they are characterized by high persistence, are transported over long distances in the environment through water, accumulate in the tissue of living organisms and can adversely affect them [1]. -
SPIRONOLACTONE Spironolactone – Oral (Common Brand Name
SPIRONOLACTONE Spironolactone – oral (common brand name: Aldactone) Uses: Spironolactone is used to treat high blood pressure. Lowering high blood pressure helps prevent strokes, heart attacks, and kidney problems. It is also used to treat swelling (edema) caused by certain conditions (e.g., congestive heart failure) by removing excess fluid and improving symptoms such as breathing problems. This medication is also used to treat low potassium levels and conditions in which the body is making too much of a natural chemical (aldosterone). Spironolactone is known as a “water pill” (potassium-sparing diuretic). Other uses: This medication has also been used to treat acne in women, female pattern hair loss, and excessive hair growth (hirsutism), especially in women with polycystic ovary disease. Side effects: Drowsiness, lightheadedness, stomach upset, diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, or headache may occur. To minimize lightheadedness, get up slowly when rising from a seated or lying position. If any of these effects persist or worsen, notify your doctor promptly. Tell your doctor immediately if any of these unlikely but serious side effects occur; dizziness, increased thirst, change in the amount of urine, mental/mood chances, unusual fatigue/weakness, muscle spasms, menstrual period changes, sexual function problems. This medication may lead to high levels of potassium, especially in patients with kidney problems. If not treated, very high potassium levels can be fatal. Tell your doctor immediately if you notice any of the following unlikely but serious side effects: slow/irregular heartbeat, muscle weakness. Precautions: Before taking spironolactone, tell your doctor or pharmacist if you are allergic to it; or if you have any other allergies. -
(12) Patent Application Publication (10) Pub. No.: US 2006/0110428A1 De Juan Et Al
US 200601 10428A1 (19) United States (12) Patent Application Publication (10) Pub. No.: US 2006/0110428A1 de Juan et al. (43) Pub. Date: May 25, 2006 (54) METHODS AND DEVICES FOR THE Publication Classification TREATMENT OF OCULAR CONDITIONS (51) Int. Cl. (76) Inventors: Eugene de Juan, LaCanada, CA (US); A6F 2/00 (2006.01) Signe E. Varner, Los Angeles, CA (52) U.S. Cl. .............................................................. 424/427 (US); Laurie R. Lawin, New Brighton, MN (US) (57) ABSTRACT Correspondence Address: Featured is a method for instilling one or more bioactive SCOTT PRIBNOW agents into ocular tissue within an eye of a patient for the Kagan Binder, PLLC treatment of an ocular condition, the method comprising Suite 200 concurrently using at least two of the following bioactive 221 Main Street North agent delivery methods (A)-(C): Stillwater, MN 55082 (US) (A) implanting a Sustained release delivery device com (21) Appl. No.: 11/175,850 prising one or more bioactive agents in a posterior region of the eye so that it delivers the one or more (22) Filed: Jul. 5, 2005 bioactive agents into the vitreous humor of the eye; (B) instilling (e.g., injecting or implanting) one or more Related U.S. Application Data bioactive agents Subretinally; and (60) Provisional application No. 60/585,236, filed on Jul. (C) instilling (e.g., injecting or delivering by ocular ion 2, 2004. Provisional application No. 60/669,701, filed tophoresis) one or more bioactive agents into the Vit on Apr. 8, 2005. reous humor of the eye. Patent Application Publication May 25, 2006 Sheet 1 of 22 US 2006/0110428A1 R 2 2 C.6 Fig. -
Hormonal Treatment Strategies Tailored to Non-Binary Transgender Individuals
Journal of Clinical Medicine Review Hormonal Treatment Strategies Tailored to Non-Binary Transgender Individuals Carlotta Cocchetti 1, Jiska Ristori 1, Alessia Romani 1, Mario Maggi 2 and Alessandra Daphne Fisher 1,* 1 Andrology, Women’s Endocrinology and Gender Incongruence Unit, Florence University Hospital, 50139 Florence, Italy; [email protected] (C.C); jiska.ristori@unifi.it (J.R.); [email protected] (A.R.) 2 Department of Experimental, Clinical and Biomedical Sciences, Careggi University Hospital, 50139 Florence, Italy; [email protected]fi.it * Correspondence: fi[email protected] Received: 16 April 2020; Accepted: 18 May 2020; Published: 26 May 2020 Abstract: Introduction: To date no standardized hormonal treatment protocols for non-binary transgender individuals have been described in the literature and there is a lack of data regarding their efficacy and safety. Objectives: To suggest possible treatment strategies for non-binary transgender individuals with non-standardized requests and to emphasize the importance of a personalized clinical approach. Methods: A narrative review of pertinent literature on gender-affirming hormonal treatment in transgender persons was performed using PubMed. Results: New hormonal treatment regimens outside those reported in current guidelines should be considered for non-binary transgender individuals, in order to improve psychological well-being and quality of life. In the present review we suggested the use of hormonal and non-hormonal compounds, which—based on their mechanism of action—could be used in these cases depending on clients’ requests. Conclusion: Requests for an individualized hormonal treatment in non-binary transgender individuals represent a future challenge for professionals managing transgender health care. For each case, clinicians should balance the benefits and risks of a personalized non-standardized treatment, actively involving the person in decisions regarding hormonal treatment. -
)&F1y3x PHARMACEUTICAL APPENDIX to THE
)&f1y3X PHARMACEUTICAL APPENDIX TO THE HARMONIZED TARIFF SCHEDULE )&f1y3X PHARMACEUTICAL APPENDIX TO THE TARIFF SCHEDULE 3 Table 1. This table enumerates products described by International Non-proprietary Names (INN) which shall be entered free of duty under general note 13 to the tariff schedule. The Chemical Abstracts Service (CAS) registry numbers also set forth in this table are included to assist in the identification of the products concerned. For purposes of the tariff schedule, any references to a product enumerated in this table includes such product by whatever name known. Product CAS No. Product CAS No. ABAMECTIN 65195-55-3 ACTODIGIN 36983-69-4 ABANOQUIL 90402-40-7 ADAFENOXATE 82168-26-1 ABCIXIMAB 143653-53-6 ADAMEXINE 54785-02-3 ABECARNIL 111841-85-1 ADAPALENE 106685-40-9 ABITESARTAN 137882-98-5 ADAPROLOL 101479-70-3 ABLUKAST 96566-25-5 ADATANSERIN 127266-56-2 ABUNIDAZOLE 91017-58-2 ADEFOVIR 106941-25-7 ACADESINE 2627-69-2 ADELMIDROL 1675-66-7 ACAMPROSATE 77337-76-9 ADEMETIONINE 17176-17-9 ACAPRAZINE 55485-20-6 ADENOSINE PHOSPHATE 61-19-8 ACARBOSE 56180-94-0 ADIBENDAN 100510-33-6 ACEBROCHOL 514-50-1 ADICILLIN 525-94-0 ACEBURIC ACID 26976-72-7 ADIMOLOL 78459-19-5 ACEBUTOLOL 37517-30-9 ADINAZOLAM 37115-32-5 ACECAINIDE 32795-44-1 ADIPHENINE 64-95-9 ACECARBROMAL 77-66-7 ADIPIODONE 606-17-7 ACECLIDINE 827-61-2 ADITEREN 56066-19-4 ACECLOFENAC 89796-99-6 ADITOPRIM 56066-63-8 ACEDAPSONE 77-46-3 ADOSOPINE 88124-26-9 ACEDIASULFONE SODIUM 127-60-6 ADOZELESIN 110314-48-2 ACEDOBEN 556-08-1 ADRAFINIL 63547-13-7 ACEFLURANOL 80595-73-9 ADRENALONE -
Estrogen Actions Throughout the Brain
Estrogen Actions Throughout the Brain BRUCE MCEWEN Harold and Margaret Milliken Hatch Laboratory of Neuroendocrinology, The Rockefeller University, New York, New York 10021 ABSTRACT Besides affecting the hypothalamus and other brain areas related to reproduction, ovarian steroids have widespread effects throughout the brain, on serotonin pathways, catecholaminergic neurons, and the basal forebrain cholinergic system as well as the hippocampal formation, a brain region involved in spatial and declarative memory. Thus, ovarian steroids have measurable effects on affective state as well as cognition, with implications for dementia. Two actions are discussed in this review; both appear to involve a combination of genomic and nongenomic actions of ovarian hormones. First, regulation of the serotonergic system appears to be linked to the presence of estrogen- and progestin-sensitive neurons in the midbrain raphe as well as possibly nongenomic actions in brain areas to which serotonin neurons project their axons. Second, ovarian hormones regulate synapse turnover in the CA1 region of the hippocampus during the 4- to 5-day estrous cycle of the female rat. Formation of new excitatory synapses is induced by estradiol and involves N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors, whereas downregulation of these synapses involves intracellular progestin receptors. A new, rapid method of radioimmunocytochemistry has made possible the demonstration of synapse formation by labeling and quantifying the specific synaptic and dendritic molecules involved. Although NMDA receptor activation is required for synapse formation, inhibitory interneurons may play a pivotal role as they express nuclear estrogen receptor-alpha (ER␣). It is also likely that estrogens may locally regulate events at the sites of synaptic contact in the excitatory pyramidal neurons where the synapses form. -
Classification Decisions Taken by the Harmonized System Committee from the 47Th to 60Th Sessions (2011
CLASSIFICATION DECISIONS TAKEN BY THE HARMONIZED SYSTEM COMMITTEE FROM THE 47TH TO 60TH SESSIONS (2011 - 2018) WORLD CUSTOMS ORGANIZATION Rue du Marché 30 B-1210 Brussels Belgium November 2011 Copyright © 2011 World Customs Organization. All rights reserved. Requests and inquiries concerning translation, reproduction and adaptation rights should be addressed to [email protected]. D/2011/0448/25 The following list contains the classification decisions (other than those subject to a reservation) taken by the Harmonized System Committee ( 47th Session – March 2011) on specific products, together with their related Harmonized System code numbers and, in certain cases, the classification rationale. Advice Parties seeking to import or export merchandise covered by a decision are advised to verify the implementation of the decision by the importing or exporting country, as the case may be. HS codes Classification No Product description Classification considered rationale 1. Preparation, in the form of a powder, consisting of 92 % sugar, 6 % 2106.90 GRIs 1 and 6 black currant powder, anticaking agent, citric acid and black currant flavouring, put up for retail sale in 32-gram sachets, intended to be consumed as a beverage after mixing with hot water. 2. Vanutide cridificar (INN List 100). 3002.20 3. Certain INN products. Chapters 28, 29 (See “INN List 101” at the end of this publication.) and 30 4. Certain INN products. Chapters 13, 29 (See “INN List 102” at the end of this publication.) and 30 5. Certain INN products. Chapters 28, 29, (See “INN List 103” at the end of this publication.) 30, 35 and 39 6. Re-classification of INN products. -
Title 16. Crimes and Offenses Chapter 13. Controlled Substances Article 1
TITLE 16. CRIMES AND OFFENSES CHAPTER 13. CONTROLLED SUBSTANCES ARTICLE 1. GENERAL PROVISIONS § 16-13-1. Drug related objects (a) As used in this Code section, the term: (1) "Controlled substance" shall have the same meaning as defined in Article 2 of this chapter, relating to controlled substances. For the purposes of this Code section, the term "controlled substance" shall include marijuana as defined by paragraph (16) of Code Section 16-13-21. (2) "Dangerous drug" shall have the same meaning as defined in Article 3 of this chapter, relating to dangerous drugs. (3) "Drug related object" means any machine, instrument, tool, equipment, contrivance, or device which an average person would reasonably conclude is intended to be used for one or more of the following purposes: (A) To introduce into the human body any dangerous drug or controlled substance under circumstances in violation of the laws of this state; (B) To enhance the effect on the human body of any dangerous drug or controlled substance under circumstances in violation of the laws of this state; (C) To conceal any quantity of any dangerous drug or controlled substance under circumstances in violation of the laws of this state; or (D) To test the strength, effectiveness, or purity of any dangerous drug or controlled substance under circumstances in violation of the laws of this state. (4) "Knowingly" means having general knowledge that a machine, instrument, tool, item of equipment, contrivance, or device is a drug related object or having reasonable grounds to believe that any such object is or may, to an average person, appear to be a drug related object. -
(12) United States Patent (10) Patent No.: US 9,636.405 B2 Tamarkin Et Al
USOO9636405B2 (12) United States Patent (10) Patent No.: US 9,636.405 B2 Tamarkin et al. (45) Date of Patent: May 2, 2017 (54) FOAMABLE VEHICLE AND (56) References Cited PHARMACEUTICAL COMPOSITIONS U.S. PATENT DOCUMENTS THEREOF M (71) Applicant: Foamix Pharmaceuticals Ltd., 1,159,250 A 1 1/1915 Moulton Rehovot (IL) 1,666,684 A 4, 1928 Carstens 1924,972 A 8, 1933 Beckert (72) Inventors: Dov Tamarkin, Maccabim (IL); Doron 2,085,733. A T. 1937 Bird Friedman, Karmei Yosef (IL); Meir 33 A 1683 Sk Eini, Ness Ziona (IL); Alex Besonov, 2,586.287- 4 A 2/1952 AppersonO Rehovot (IL) 2,617,754. A 1 1/1952 Neely 2,767,712 A 10, 1956 Waterman (73) Assignee: EMY PHARMACEUTICALs 2.968,628 A 1/1961 Reed ... Rehovot (IL) 3,004,894. A 10/1961 Johnson et al. (*) Notice: Subject to any disclaimer, the term of this 3,062,715. A 1 1/1962 Reese et al. tent is extended or adiusted under 35 3,067,784. A 12/1962 Gorman pa 3,092.255. A 6/1963 Hohman U.S.C. 154(b) by 37 days. 3,092,555 A 6/1963 Horn 3,141,821 A 7, 1964 Compeau (21) Appl. No.: 13/793,893 3,142,420 A 7/1964 Gawthrop (22) Filed: Mar. 11, 2013 3,144,386 A 8/1964 Brightenback O O 3,149,543 A 9/1964 Naab (65) Prior Publication Data 3,154,075 A 10, 1964 Weckesser US 2013/0189193 A1 Jul 25, 2013 3,178,352. -
Illinois Medicaid Preferred Drug List
Illinois Medicaid Preferred Drug List Effective January 1, 2020 (Updated January 27, 2020) ▪ The Preferred Drug List (PDL) has products listed in groups by drug class, drug name, dosage form, and PDL status ▪ Multi-source drugs are listed by both brand and generic names when applicable ▪ ADHD Agents: Prior authorization required for participants under 6 years of age and participants 19 years of age and older ▪ Spiriva AER 1.25mcg: Prior authorization NOT required for participants ages 6-17 years ▪ Budesonide: Prior authorization NOT required for participants age 7 years and under ▪ Anticonvulsants: Prior authorization NOT required for non-preferred epilepsy agents for those participants with a diagnosis of epilepsy or seizure disorder in Department records ▪ Antipsychotics: Prior authorization required for participants under 8 years of age and long-term care residents ▪ For drugs not found on this list, go to the drug search engine at: www.ilpriorauth.com Page 1 of 92 DOSAGE DRUG CLASS DRUG NAME PDL STATS FORM ADHD / ANTI-NARCOLEPSY AGENTS : AMPHETAMINES ADZENYS ER SUER NON_PREFERRED AMPHETAMINE ER SUER NON_PREFERRED DYANAVEL XR SUER NON_PREFERRED ADZENYS XR-ODT TBED NON_PREFERRED AMPHETAMINE SULFATE TABS NON_PREFERRED EVEKEO TABS NON_PREFERRED EVEKEO ODT TBDP NON_PREFERRED DEXEDRINE CP24 NON_PREFERRED DEXTROAMPHETAMINE SULFATE ER CP24 NON_PREFERRED DEXTROAMPHETAMINE SULFATE SOLN NON_PREFERRED PROCENTRA SOLN NON_PREFERRED DEXTROAMPHETAMINE SULFATE TABS NON_PREFERRED ZENZEDI TABS NON_PREFERRED VYVANSE CAPS PREFERRED VYVANSE CHEW PREFERRED -
United States Patent [191 [11] Patent Number: 5,017,566 Bodor [45] Date of Patent: ' May 21, 1991
United States Patent [191 [11] Patent Number: 5,017,566 Bodor [45] Date of Patent: ' May 21, 1991 [54] REDOX SYSTEMS FOR BRAIN-TARGETED FOREIGN PATENT DOCUMENTS DRUG DELIVERY 0197571 10/1986 European Pat. Off. [75] Inventor: Nicholas S. Bodor, Gainesville, Fla. 58-213712 12/1983 Japan . 60-054384 3/1985 Japan . [73] Assignee: University of Florida, Gainesville, 61-070996 4/1986 Japan . Fla. 61-197602 9/1986 Japan . 61-236802 10/1986 Japan . [ ' ] Notice: 7 The portion of the term of this patent 62-“)3795 1/1987 Japan . subsequent to Jan. 8, 2008 has been 62-106901 5/1987 Japan . disclaimed. 62-16470] 7/1987 Japan . 62-281855 12/1987 Japan . [21] Appl. No.: 431,222 63-027440 2/1988 Japan . [22] Filed: Nov. 3, 1989 63-036793 2/1988 Japan . 63-135402 6/1988 Japan . 63-146861 6/1988 Japan . Related US. Application Data 63-218663 9/1988 Japan. [63] Continuation-impart of Ser. No. 139,755, Dec. 30, WO83/03968 11/1983 PCT Int'l Appl. 1987, which is a continuation-in-part of Ser. No. WO85/02767 7/ 1985 PCT lnt'l App], . 174,945, Mar. 29, 1988. WO85/03937 9/1985 PCT Int’l Appl. [30] Foreign Application Priority Data OTHER PUBLICATIONS Dec. 13, 1988 [CA] Canada ........................ .. 585791 Brewster et al, J. Pharm. Sci, vol. 77, No. 11, Nov. Dec. 13, 1988 [IE] Ireland 3717/88 1988, 981-985. Mar. 14, 1989 Ireland ................................. .. 810/89 Brewster et al, in Proceedings of the Fourth International [51] Int. Cl.5 ................... .. A611! 31/735; C0813 37/16 Symposium on Cyclodextrins, Munich, 20th-22nd Apr. -
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Harmonized Tariff Schedule of the United States (2009) (Rev. 1) Annotated for Statistical Reporting Purposes PHARMACEUTICAL APPENDIX TO THE HARMONIZED TARIFF SCHEDULE Harmonized Tariff Schedule of the United States (2009) (Rev. 1) Annotated for Statistical Reporting Purposes PHARMACEUTICAL APPENDIX TO THE TARIFF SCHEDULE 2 Table 1. This table enumerates products described by International Non-proprietary Names (INN) which shall be entered free of duty under general note 13 to the tariff schedule. The Chemical Abstracts Service (CAS) registry numbers also set forth in this table are included to assist in the identification of the products concerned. For purposes of the tariff schedule, any references to a product enumerated in this table includes such product by whatever name known. ABACAVIR 136470-78-5 ACEXAMIC ACID 57-08-9 ABAFUNGIN 129639-79-8 ACICLOVIR 59277-89-3 ABAMECTIN 65195-55-3 ACIFRAN 72420-38-3 ABANOQUIL 90402-40-7 ACIPIMOX 51037-30-0 ABAPERIDONE 183849-43-6 ACITAZANOLAST 114607-46-4 ABARELIX 183552-38-7 ACITEMATE 101197-99-3 ABATACEPT 332348-12-6 ACITRETIN 55079-83-9 ABCIXIMAB 143653-53-6 ACIVICIN 42228-92-2 ABECARNIL 111841-85-1 ACLANTATE 39633-62-0 ABETIMUS 167362-48-3 ACLARUBICIN 57576-44-0 ABIRATERONE 154229-19-3 ACLATONIUM NAPADISILATE 55077-30-0 ABITESARTAN 137882-98-5 ACODAZOLE 79152-85-5 ABLUKAST 96566-25-5 ACOLBIFENE 182167-02-8 ABRINEURIN 178535-93-8 ACONIAZIDE 13410-86-1 ABUNIDAZOLE 91017-58-2 ACOTIAMIDE 185106-16-5 ACADESINE 2627-69-2 ACOXATRINE 748-44-7 ACAMPROSATE 77337-76-9 ACREOZAST 123548-56-1 ACAPRAZINE 55485-20-6