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Outlaw: Wilderness and Exile in Old and Middle
THE ‘BESTLI’ OUTLAW: WILDERNESS AND EXILE IN OLD AND MIDDLE ENGLISH LITERATURE A Dissertation Presented to the Faculty of the Graduate School of Cornell University In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy by Sarah Michelle Haughey August 2011 © 2011 Sarah Michelle Haughey THE ‘BESTLI’ OUTLAW: WILDERNESS AND EXILE IN OLD AND MIDDLE ENGLISH LITERATURE Sarah Michelle Haughey, Ph. D. Cornell University 2011 This dissertation, The ‘Bestli’ Outlaw: Wilderness and Exile in Old and Middle English Literature explores the reasons for the survival of the beast-like outlaw, a transgressive figure who highlights tensions in normative definitions of human and natural, which came to represent both the fears and the desires of a people in a state of constant negotiation with the land they inhabited. Although the outlaw’s shelter in the wilderness changed dramatically from the dense and menacing forests of Anglo-Saxon England to the bright, known, and mapped greenwood of the late outlaw romances and ballads, the outlaw remained strongly animalistic, other, and liminal, in strong contrast to premodern notions of what it meant to be human and civilized. I argue that outlaw narratives become particularly popular and poignant at moments of national political and ecological crisis—as they did during the Viking attacks of the Anglo-Saxon period, the epoch of intense natural change following the Norman Conquest, and the beginning of the market revolution at the end of the Middle Ages. Figures like the Anglo-Saxon resistance fighter Hereward, the exiled Marcher lord Fulk Fitz Waryn, and the brutal yet courtly Gamelyn and Robin Hood, represent a lost England imagined as pristine and forested. -
Widsith Beowulf. Beowulf Beowulf
CHAPTER 1 OLD ENGLISH LITERATURE The Old English language or Anglo-Saxon is the earliest form of English. The period is a long one and it is generally considered that Old English was spoken from about A.D. 600 to about 1100. Many of the poems of the period are pagan, in particular Widsith and Beowulf. The greatest English poem, Beowulf is the first English epic. The author of Beowulf is anonymous. It is a story of a brave young man Beowulf in 3182 lines. In this epic poem, Beowulf sails to Denmark with a band of warriors to save the King of Denmark, Hrothgar. Beowulf saves Danish King Hrothgar from a terrible monster called Grendel. The mother of Grendel who sought vengeance for the death of her son was also killed by Beowulf. Beowulf was rewarded and became King. After a prosperous reign of some forty years, Beowulf slays a dragon but in the fight he himself receives a mortal wound and dies. The poem concludes with the funeral ceremonies in honour of the dead hero. Though the poem Beowulf is little interesting to contemporary readers, it is a very important poem in the Old English period because it gives an interesting picture of the life and practices of old days. The difficulty encountered in reading Old English Literature lies in the fact that the language is very different from that of today. There was no rhyme in Old English poems. Instead they used alliteration. Besides Beowulf, there are many other Old English poems. Widsith, Genesis A, Genesis B, Exodus, The Wanderer, The Seafarer, Wife’s Lament, Husband’s Message, Christ and Satan, Daniel, Andreas, Guthlac, The Dream of the Rood, The Battle of Maldon etc. -
Medieval Studies
College of Liberal Arts | Fall 2021-22 Minor - Medieval Studies ● Minor - Medieval Studies Minor - Medieval Studies Description The minor in medieval studies is an interdisciplinary course of study that covers the period from 476 to 1517. Students will be encouraged to take courses from a wide range of disciplines, which makes this minor well-suited to many majors. They will come to understand that "the Middle Ages" in fact includes a wide variety of cultures, artistic trends, literatures, languages, philosophies, and religious practices. In developing a deeper appreciation for the past, students will come to a better understanding of the foundation of our fast-paced, ever- changing present-day world. Course Requirements The minor in medieval studies consists of 18 semester hours, including Hst 309 or Eng 316 or Mlll 375. Students must complete 15 hours at the 300 level or above from the approved list of courses below. The 18 semester hours must be taken in at least three different areas (e.g., English, Spanish, German), with 15 hours in an area different from the student's major. The same course may not satisfy requirements for both the major and the minor. Medieval Studies Coursework AH 330 Medieval Art AH 332 Early Christian, Byzantine & Islamic Art AH 334 Early Medieval Art and Archaeology AH 336 Viking Art and Archaeology AH 338 Romanesque and Gothic Art AH 530 Topics in Medieval Art Eng 317 Chaucer Eng 318 Medieval Romance Eng 319 Medieval Drama Eng 320 The Heroic Age Eng 321 Literature of Medieval Europe Eng 322 Studies in Medieval -
000 (London, 2009)
Aristotle from York to Basra An investigation into the simultaneous study of Aristotle’s Categories in the Carolingian, the Byzantine and the Abbasid worlds by Erik Hermans A dissertation submitted in partial ful@illment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Institute for the Study of the AnCient World New York University May, 2016 _________________________ Robert Hoyland © Erik Hermans All Rights Reserved, 2016 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS This dissertation is the produCt of a new and interdisCiplinary graduate program at the Institute for the Study of the AnCient World (ISAW) at New York University. Without the vision and generosity of Leon Levy and Shelby White ISAW would not have existed and this dissertation would not have been written. I am therefore greatly indebted to these philanthropists. At ISAW I was able to Create my own graduate CurriCulum, whiCh allowed me to expand my horizon as a ClassiCist and explore the riChness of Western Europe, Byzantium and the Middle East in the early medieval period. My aCademiC endeavors as a graduate student would not have been successful without the reliable, helpful and impeCCable guidanCe of Roger Bagnall. Without him AmeriCan aCademia would still be a labyrinth for me. I Consider myself very fortunate to have an interdisCiplinary Committee of supervisors from different institutions. Helmut Reimitz of PrinCeton University and John Duffy of Harvard University have voluntarily Committed themselves to the supervision of both my Comprehensive exams and my dissertation. I would like to thank them deeply for their time and assistanCe. However, I am most indebted to my primary advisor, Robert Hoyland. -
Courses Taught in Foreign Languages in Academic Year 2020/21 Content
Courses taught in foreign languages in academic year 2020/21 Content Winter Term ............................................................................................................................................ 2 Heresy in Medieval Society ................................................................................................................. 2 Modern Architecture ........................................................................................................................... 3 Ancient Political Thought .................................................................................................................... 4 Education for Democratic Citizenship ................................................................................................. 5 English Language ................................................................................................................................. 6 Methods and Application of Historical Geography ............................................................................. 7 History of Long 19th Century .............................................................................................................. 8 Czechs and Germans in the Bohemian Lands 1848-1947 ................................................................. 10 Health and Disease in the Middle Ages and Early Modern Period ................................................... 11 Summer term ....................................................................................................................................... -
Intertextuality of Deor
Vol. 4(8), pp. 132-138, October, 2013 DOI: 10.5897/JLC11.080 Journal of Languages and Culture ISSN 2141-6540 © 2013 Academic Journals http://www.academicjournals.org/JLC Review Intertextuality of Deor Raimondo Murgia Tallinn University, Narva mnt 25, 10120 Tallinn, Estonia. Accepted 22 November, 2012 The Deor is a poem found in the Exeter Book and included in the Old English elegies. The main purpose of this contribution is to highlight the possible intertextual links of the poem. After an outline of the old English elegies and a brief review of the most significant passages from the elegies, this short poem will be analyzed stanza by stanza. An attempt will be made to demonstrate that the various interpretations of the text depend on particular keywords that require that the readers to share the same time and space coordinates as the author. The personal names are the most important clues for interpretation. The problem is that they have been emended differently according to the editors and that the reader is supposed to know the referent hinted by those particular names. Key words: Old English elegies, Exeter Book, Deor, intertextuality. INTRODUCTION OF THE OLD ENGLISH ELEGIES It must be underlined that the term „elegy‟ applying to old definition of Old English elegy is Greenfield‟s (1965): “a English (hereafter OE) poetry could be misleading since relatively short reflective or dramatic poem embodying a one would expect the meter of such poetry to be the contrastive pattern of loss and consolation, ostensibly same as the Greek and Latin Elegies, in which their based upon a specific personal experience or observa- elegiac distich (Pinotti, 2002) points out that in the fourth tion, and expressing an attitude towards that experience”. -
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erudition and the republic of letters 2 (2017) 359-395 brill.com/erl Universal History and the Origin Narrative of European Modernity: The Leiden Lectures of Jacob Perizonius (1651–1715) on Historia Universalis Frederic Clark Department of Classics, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, ca 90089 [email protected] Abstract This article explores a central facet of humanist scholarship and pedagogy—namely, the writing and teaching of universal history—in the decades around 1700. In does so by examining one of the most prominent humanists of the European Republic of Let- ters: the Leiden classical scholar Jacob Perizonius (1651–1715). Through analysis of Peri- zonius’s unpublished lectures on universal history, it explores how ‘classicists’ (long before they commonly identified as such) could command geographies and tempo- ralities far distant from Greco-Roman antiquity. Late humanist classical scholars like Perizonius used the ancient genre of universal history or historia universalis to com- bine everything from the fall of Rome to the emergence of Renaissance Europe into a single continuous narrative. In so doing, Perizonius helped forge a via media between antiquity and modernity at a moment when self-identified “ancients” and “moderns” * I wish to thank Mordechai Feingold for inviting me to write this article and for his generous assistance throughout the process. I am also most grateful to Anthony Grafton for his many insights into Perizonius and his expert guidance through the world of humanist scholarship. As I was finishing this article I greatly benefited from participation in a discussion group with Anton Matytsin and Thomas Wallnig on the history of early modern historiography. -
(500 -1340) Anglo – Saxon Literature / Old English Literatur
HISTORY OF ENGLISH LITERATURE I ENGLISH LITERATURE BEFORE CHAUCER (500 -1340) Anglo – Saxon Literature / Old English Literature English literature before Chaucer could be studied under two heads. i) Literature before the Norman Conquest and ii) Literature from the Conquest to the Period of Chaucer. Generally, the period before the Conquest is called Anglo –Saxon or Old English Period (500 – 1066 AD). The most outstanding work produced during the Old English period is Beowulf (anonymous). It is the oldest epic in the English language. The epic deals with the adventures of the hero, Beowulf, in fighting against the ferocious monster, Grendel, who has been wasting his country for twelve years. After killing the monster, Beowulf has to fight against Grendel’s Mother, who is more ferocious than the son. Two poets need special mention with regar4ds to the Old English poetry. They are Caedmon and Cynewulf. Caedmon was a monk who wrote Biblical and religious poetry. Cynewulf’s “Dream of the Rood” and “Christ” were popular. The Anglo –Saxon poetry is characterized by i) Sacred subjects ad earnestness in feeling ii) Love of the sea and adventures, and iii) Alliteration (repetition of the initial consonants). King Alfred wrote prose and he can be rightly called the father of English Prose. His Anglo – Saxon Chronicle is acclaimed as national history and was continued up to 1154. Anglo – Norman Period (1066 AD – 1340 AD) Immediately after the Norman Conquest, Norman French was made the official language of England. English literature, which was making a beginning, ceased to exist. The Revival came during the reign of King John and with Magna Carta, English Language began to assert itself again. -
Old English Literature: a Brief Summary
Volume II, Issue II, June 2014 - ISSN 2321-7065 Old English Literature: A Brief Summary Nasib Kumari Student J.k. Memorial College of Education Barsana Mor Birhi Kalan Charkhi Dadri Introduction Old English literature (sometimes referred to as Anglo-Saxon literature) encompasses literature written in Old English (also called Anglo-Saxon) in Anglo-Saxon England from the 7th century to the decades after the Norman Conquest of 1066. "Cædmon's Hymn", composed in the 7th century according to Bede, is often considered the oldest extant poem in English, whereas the later poem, The Grave is one of the final poems written in Old English, and presents a transitional text between Old and Middle English.[1] Likewise, the Peterborough Chronicle continues until the 12th century. The poem Beowulf, which often begins the traditional canon of English literature, is the most famous work of Old English literature. The Anglo-Saxon Chronicle has also proven significant for historical study, preserving a chronology of early English history.Alexander Souter names the commentary on Paul's epistles by Pelagius "the earliest extant work by a British author".[2][3] In descending order of quantity, Old English literature consists of: sermons and saints' lives, biblical translations; translated Latin works of the early Church Fathers; Anglo-Saxon chronicles and narrative history works; laws, wills and other legal works; practical works ongrammar, medicine, geography; and poetry.[4] In all there are over 400 survivingmanuscripts from the period, of which about 189 are considered "major".[5] Besides Old English literature, Anglo-Saxons wrote a number of Anglo-Latin works. -
The Visual Craft of Old English Verse: Mise-En-Page in Anglo-Saxon Manuscripts
The visual craft of Old English verse: mise-en-page in Anglo-Saxon manuscripts Rachel Ann Burns UCL PhD in English Language and Literature 1 I, Rachel Ann Burns confirm that the work presented in this thesis is my own. Where information has been derived from other sources, I confirm that this has been indicated in the thesis. Rachel Ann Burns 2 Table of Contents Abstract 8 Acknowledgements 10 Abbreviations 12 List of images and figures 13 List of tables 17 CHAPTER ONE: Introduction 18 Organisation of the page 26 Traditional approaches to Old English verse mise-en-page 31 Questions and hypotheses 42 Literature review and critical approaches 43 Terminology and methodologies 61 Full chapter plan 68 CHAPTER TWO: Demarcation of the metrical period in the Latin verse texts of Anglo-Saxon England 74 Latin verse on the page: classical and late antiquity 80 Latin verse in early Anglo-Saxon England: identifying sample sets 89 New approach 92 Identifying a sample set 95 Basic results from the sample set 96 Manuscript origins and lineation 109 Order and lineation: acrostic verse 110 3 Order and lineation: computistical verse and calendars 115 Conclusions from the sample set 118 Divergence from Old English 119 Learning Latin in Anglo-Saxon England: the ‘shape’ of verse 124 Contrasting ‘shapes’: Latin and Old English composition 128 Hybrid layouts, and the failure of lineated Old English verse 137 Correspondences with Latin rhythmic verse 145 Conclusions 150 CHAPTER THREE: Inter-word Spacing in Beowulf and the neurophysiology of scribal engagement with Old English verse 151 Thesis and hypothesis 152 Introduction of word-spacing in the Latin West 156 Previous scholarship on the significance of inter-word spacing 161 Robert D. -
A History of English Literature MICHAEL ALEXANDER
A History of English Literature MICHAEL ALEXANDER [p. iv] © Michael Alexander 2000 All rights reserved. No reproduction, copy or transmission of this publication may be made without written permission. No paragraph of this publication may be reproduced, copied or transmitted save with written permission or in accordance with the provisions of the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988, or under the terms of any licence permitting limited copying issued by the Copyright Licensing Agency, 90 Tottenham Court Road, London W 1 P 0LP. Any person who does any unauthorised act in relation to this publication may be liable to criminal prosecution and civil claims for damages. The author has asserted his right to be identified as the author of this work in accordance with the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988. First published 2000 by MACMILLAN PRESS LTD Houndmills, Basingstoke, Hampshire RG21 6XS and London Companies and representatives throughout the world ISBN 0-333-91397-3 hardcover ISBN 0-333-67226-7 paperback A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library. This book is printed on paper suitable for recycling and made from fully managed and sustained forest sources. 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 09 08 07 06 05 04 03 02 O1 00 Typeset by Footnote Graphics, Warminster, Wilts Printed in Great Britain by Antony Rowe Ltd, Chippenham, Wilts [p. v] Contents Acknowledgements The harvest of literacy Preface Further reading Abbreviations 2 Middle English Literature: 1066-1500 Introduction The new writing Literary history Handwriting -
Medieval World, 2018-2019
COURSES THAT COUNT Medieval World, 2018-2019 Key to Requirements: HIS: Courses on the History of the Medieval World TIS: Courses on Texts, Images, and/or Sound SPR: Courses on Science, Philosophy, and/or Religion IC: HL90s on Pre-Modern Topics and Other Introductory Courses Aesthetic and Interpretive Understanding 40. Monuments of Islamic Architecture. Necipoglu- Kafadar and Roxburgh. (TIS) Aesthetic and Interpretive Understanding 64. Chaucer: The Canterbury Tales. Watson. (TIS) Celtic Languages and Literatures 101. [Irish Heroic Saga]. Nagy. (TIS) Celtic Languages and Literatures 103. [The Celts]. McKenna. (HIS) Celtic Languages and Literatures 105. The Folklore of Gaelic Ireland. Sumner.(TIS) Celtic Languages and Literatures 106. The Folklore of Gaelic Scotland. Sumner. (TIS) Celtic Languages and Literatures 109. [Finn: The Great Gaelic Hero]. TBA. (TIS) Celtic Languages and Literatures 111. Shapeshifters and Manbeasts in Celtic Traditions. McKenna. (TIS) (SPR) Celtic Languages and Literatures 120. [Food and Fantasy in Irish Tradition]. TBA. (TIS) Celtic Languages and Literatures 121. The Art of Storytelling in Medieval Ireland. Nagy. (TIS) Celtic Languages and Literatures 137. [Celtic Mythology]. TBA. (TIS) (SPR) Celtic Languages and Literatures 138. [The Mabinogion: Stories from Medieval Wales]. TBA. (TIS) Celtic Languages and Literatures 187. [Literature of the Dispossessed: Gaelic Ireland, c.1600- 1900]. TBA. (TIS) Celtic Languages and Literatures 188. [Songs of the Highlander]. TBA. (TIS) Celtic Languages and Literatures 194. The World of the Celtic Bard. McKenna. (HIS) (TIS) Chinese History 185. [The Historiography of the Middle Period]. Bol. (HIS) Chinese Literature 114. Introduction to Premodern Chinese Literature. Tian.(TIS) Classical Studies 119. Augustine the North African. Trettel. (SPR) Comparative Literature 114.