Additives to Improve Antifog Performance
Total Page:16
File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb
Load more
Recommended publications
-
Assessment of the Properties of Poly (Lactic Acid) Sheets with Different Amounts of Post-Consumer Recycled Poly (Lactic Acid)
ASSESSMENT OF THE PROPERTIES OF POLY (LACTIC ACID) SHEETS WITH DIFFERENT AMOUNTS OF POST-CONSUMER RECYCLED POLY (LACTIC ACID) By Chaiyatas Chariyachotilert A THESIS Submitted to Michigan State University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of MASTER OF SCIENCE Packaging 2011 ABSTRACT ASSESSMENT OF THE PROPERTIES OF POLY (LACTIC ACID) SHEETS WITH DIFFERENT AMOUNTS OF POST-CONSUMER RECYCLED POLY (LACTIC ACID) By Chaiyatas Chariyachotilert The main objective of this research was to evaluate the properties of sheet containing mechanically recycled post-consumer polylactic acid (PLA) bottle flakes blended with virgin PLA resin. PLA bottles were flaked, cleaned, blended with virgin resin and then extruded and thermoformed into trays. The molecular weight, physical, optical, thermal and mechanical properties of sheet containing 0, 20, 40, 60, 80 and 100 wt.-% recycled content were evaluated. Cleaning conditions were evaluated using response surface methodology, and conditions of 15 min, 85 °C, 1 wt.-% NaOH, and 0.3 wt.-% surfactant were adopted for cleaning the PLA flake. Virgin PLA sheet possessed superior properties to recycled sheet with statistically significant differences at α=0.05. PLA sheets were darker and absorbed more UV light in the 260 to 285 nm range when 20% or more recycled content was added. At 40% recycled content, the sheet had increased blue and red tones and the mechanical properties in the cross-machine direction decreased. At 60% recycled content or above, reduction of weight average molecular weight (Mw), tensile strength and tensile strength at yield in the machine direction (MD) were found. At 80% recycled content, the melting temperature and modulus of elasticity in the MD decreased. -
BPF – Understanding the Debate About Plastic
Understanding the debate about plastic At a time when a ‘climate emergency’ has been declared, it is important that people understand that ‘plastic free’ does not necessarily mean ‘better for the environment’. For example, researchers found that switching to alternative materials could quadruple what they dubbed ‘the environmental cost.’ Plastic will – and should – continue to play a vital role in all our lives going forward. That may surprise many of you. But this document helps explain why. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, British Plastics Federation recording and/or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the publishers. While all reasonable steps have been taken to ensure that the information BPF House, 6 Bath Place contained within this document is correct, the British Plastics Federation can London, EC2A 3JE make no warranties or representations of any kind as to the content and, to the maximum extent permitted by law, accept no liability whatsoever for the First published in 2019 same including without limit, for direct, indirect or consequential loss, business © 2019 British Plastics Federation interruption, loss of profits, production, contracts or goodwill. Contents The enemy is not plastic, it is plastic waste 2 Key facts and figures 3 The right to choose (wisely) 4 Making a difference 5 Government proposals and the industry’s position 6 Why do we need single-use plastic? 8 Extended producer responsibility 10 Taxing plastic packaging based upon the amount of recycled content 12 Deposit return schemes 14 Exporting plastic waste for recycling 16 Biodegradable and oxo-degradable plastics 18 Marine litter 20 1 The enemy is not plastic, it is plastic waste Plastic brings many benefits, enabling many other cutting-edge technologies and keeping the weight and fuel emissions of vehicles down. -
Year One of Positive Plastics Our Four-Point Plan for a Future with Less Waste
Year one of positive plastics Our four-point plan for a future with less waste. # PositivePlasticsPledge 2 Klöckner Pentaplast Sustainable protection of everyday needs At kp we have always known the value We still have some way to go, but by of plastic – its unique place in the lives of collaborating closely with our partners in communities we are very much part of the community, governments and local and its irreplaceable attributes that protect authorities, business and industry, and and package our products – in particular environmental groups we are quite literally dramatically avoiding food waste, delivering closing the loop when it comes to plastic medication and protecting the integrity packaging. We are helping reduce leakage of countless other products. Embedded in and littering of plastics into the environment, the fabric of our company is our primary ensuring plastics are valued and packaging is purpose – the sustainable protection of optimally designed for circularity. everyday needs – it’s why we exist; it’s why In the last year, the world of plastics has we do what we do. changed at an unprecedented rate and We’re determined to help we continue our determination to help make the world of plastics make it a sustainable one for society and for our environment. It’s exciting, it’s been sustainable for society successful and we have learned so much and for our environment. in the process. We are proud to share our first year of achievements with you and we We are also fully aware of our huge look forward to another challenging and responsibility to design products and transformational year ahead – we hope packaging to achieve closed-loop solutions. -
Critical Guidance Protocol for PE Film and Flexible Packaging
Critical Guidance Protocol for PE Film and Flexible Packaging Document number – FPE-CG-01 Revision date – August 17, 2021 Introduction – Scope, significance and use This is a comprehensive laboratory scale evaluation, or protocol, that can be used to assess the compatibility of PE-based films and flexible packaging innovations with film reclamation systems sourcing post-consumer film from store drop-off collection points or, in some cases, curbside collection. This test can be used to evaluate the impact of innovative PE film packaging components for which recycling compatibility is unknown or for which data is notably lacking. As examples: mono- and multi-layer constructions, coatings, additives (including compatibilizers along with innovative material), printing inks and pigments, labels with polymer substrate (paper labels are out of scope for Critical Guidance), adhesives, or new PE resin co- polymer or multi-material compositions. This test requires assessment of the effect of the packaging in blown film. This test evaluates compatibility of the flexible packaging innovation with current, industrial-scale, film-to- film recycling processes. Plastic film is generally defined as plastic items with a thickness of less than 10 mils (i.e., 0.010” or 0.25 mm) that are at least 95 percent (by weight) plastic with up to 5 percent other closely bonded or impregnated material, which may include printing, coatings, or fillers. Film, when used in packaging, is referred to as flexible packaging. The shape of flexible packaging typically changes when it is full of a product compared to when it is empty, whereas the shape of rigid packaging generally remains the same. -
Download (PDF)
Nanotechnology Education - Engineering a better future NNCI.net Teacher’s Guide To See or Not to See? Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Surfaces Grade Level: Middle & high Summary: This activity can be school completed as a separate one or in conjunction with the lesson Subject area(s): Physical Superhydrophobicexpialidocious: science & Chemistry Learning about hydrophobic surfaces found at: Time required: (2) 50 https://www.nnci.net/node/5895. minutes classes The activity is a visual demonstration of the difference between hydrophobic and hydrophilic surfaces. Using a polystyrene Learning objectives: surface (petri dish) and a modified Tesla coil, you can chemically Through observation and alter the non-masked surface to become hydrophilic. Students experimentation, students will learn that we can chemically change the surface of a will understand how the material on the nano level from a hydrophobic to hydrophilic surface of a material can surface. The activity helps students learn that how a material be chemically altered. behaves on the macroscale is affected by its structure on the nanoscale. The activity is adapted from Kim et. al’s 2012 article in the Journal of Chemical Education (see references). Background Information: Teacher Background: Commercial products have frequently taken their inspiration from nature. For example, Velcro® resulted from a Swiss engineer, George Mestral, walking in the woods and wondering why burdock seeds stuck to his dog and his coat. Other bio-inspired products include adhesives, waterproof materials, and solar cells among many others. Scientists often look at nature to get ideas and designs for products that can help us. We call this study of nature biomimetics (see Resource section for further information). -
Packaging with Topas® Coc Packaging with Topas® Coc
PACKAGING WITH TOPAS® COC PACKAGING WITH TOPAS® COC TOPAS Advanced Polymers TOPAS Advanced Polymers is the world’s leading maker of COC (cyclic TOPAS Advanced Polymers also supplies the chemical raw material nor- olefin copolymer), a glass-clear plastic for healthcare, optics, packag- bornene. A joint venture of Polyplastics Co., Ltd. and Daicel Corporation, ing, and electronics applications. From insulin delivery, to food contact the company is headquartered in Frankfurt, Germany. It operates the films, to tablet and smartphone displays, TOPAS is the high performance world's largest COC plant in Oberhausen, Germany. TOPAS® is a regis- material of choice. The broad global regulatory compliance of TOPAS tered trademark of TOPAS Advanced Polymers for its family of cyclic can make your next development a simpler task. olefin copolymer resins. Important The properties of articles can be affected by a variety of factors, includ- specified, the numerical values given in this literature are for reference ing choice of material, additives, part design, processing conditions, purposes only and not for use in product design. Without exception, and exposure to the environment. Customers should take responsibility please follow the information and other procedures explained in this as to the suitability of a particular material or part design for a spe- literature. This literature does not guarantee specific properties for our cific application. In addition, before commercializing a product that company’s products. Please take the responsibility to verify intellectual incorporates TOPAS, customers should take the responsibility of car- property rights of third parties. rying out performance evaluations. The products mentioned herein are not designed or promoted for use in medical or dental implants. -
Occurrence of Reverse Side Effects in Corona Treatment of Dispersion
RESEARCH ARTICLE Occurrence of Reverse Side Effects in Corona Treatment of Dispersion-coated Paperboard and its Influence on Grease Barrier Properties PREFACE API 2015 Sami-Seppo Ovaska Ringaudas Rinkunas Lappeenranta University of Technology Vilnius University [email protected] [email protected] Tadeusz Lozovksi Robertas Maldzius Vilnius University & University of Bialystok Vilnius University Vilnius Branch [email protected] [email protected] Jonas Sidaravicius Leena-Sisko Johansson Vilnius Gediminas Technical University Aalto University [email protected] [email protected] Monika Österberg Kaj Backfolk Aalto University Lappeenranta University of Technology [email protected] [email protected] ABSTRACT The uncoated side of dispersion-barrier-coated paperboards was exposed to positive and negative direct current corona treatments in order to confirm the occurrence of backside treatment and clarify its effects on the usability of the paperboard. The main component of the coating dispersions was hydroxypropylated potato starch and the effects of talc and styrene-butadiene latex additions on backside treatment were evaluated. Coatings with a high talc proportion showed excellent initial grease resistance, but corona-induced strikethroughs caused a drastic decrease in grease penetration time. The root-mean-square roughness measurements revealed moderate surface roughening at the backside, indicating thus backside treatment. The alterations in surface free energies and rapeseed oil contact angles confirmed the occurrence of backside treatment. The high polarization potential of latex played a key role in these observations. At the same time, the inertity of talc had a stabilizing effect but it did not prevent backside treatment completely. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy results verified that backside treatment occurs also when the barrier-coated side of the substrate is treated with corona, indicating that a dispersion coating layer does not prevent this undesired phenomenon. -
Oxygen-Reducing Enzymes in Coatings and Films for Active Packaging |
Kristin Johansson | Oxygen-reducing enzymes in coatings and films for active packaging | | Oxygen-reducing enzymes in coatings and films for active packaging Kristin Johansson Oxygen-reducing enzymes in coatings and films for active packaging Oxygen-reducing enzymes This work focused on investigating the possibility to produce oxygen-scavenging packaging materials based on oxygen-reducing enzymes. The enzymes were incorporated into a dispersion coating formulation applied onto a food- in coatings and films for packaging board using conventional laboratory coating techniques. The oxygen- reducing enzymes investigated included a glucose oxidase, an oxalate oxidase active packaging and three laccases originating from different organisms. All of the enzymes were successfully incorporated into a coating layer and could be reactivated after drying. For at least two of the enzymes, re-activation after drying was possible not only Kristin Johansson by using liquid water but also by using water vapour. Re-activation of the glucose oxidase and a laccase required relative humidities of greater than 75% and greater than 92%, respectively. Catalytic reduction of oxygen gas by glucose oxidase was promoted by creating 2013:38 an open structure through addition of clay to the coating formulation at a level above the critical pigment volume concentration. For laccase-catalysed reduction of oxygen gas, it was possible to use lignin derivatives as substrates for the enzymatic reaction. At 7°C all three laccases retained more than 20% of the activity they -
Tyvek ® Printing Guide
, China 兽桃 Mask Bag, designed by Shou Tao Tao Mask Bag, designed by Shou DuPont™ Tyvek ® Graphics EMEA Printability Guide Water Resistant Paper-like Light Tear Resistant Recyclable Printable DuPont™ Tyvek ® Graphics EMEA Printability Guide DuPont™ Tyvek® is a popular printing substrate due to its light weight, smooth surface, high dimensional stability, opacity, toughness and durability. Uncoated Tyvek® can be printed using most digital and commercial printing processes. Some digital presses and some aqueous ink jet printers require a special coating. Tyvek® can be printed either sheet or web-fed. Tyvek® can be printed the same way as paper, although some of its physical properties do require special attention. To achieve excellent print quality, both the designer and printer must understand the unique properties and characteristics of Tyvek®. Tyvek® is made of continuous high-density polyethylene filaments. By using heat and pressure, these filaments are bonded into a base material for printing which turns out to be neither paper, cloth nor plastic film, but it integrates the advantages of those three materials. Tyvek® material has a melting point of 135°C and is a water-resistant and non-absorbent material with superior dimensional stability, high strength, and a smooth matt surface. Most traditional printing technologies can be used for Tyvek® printing, as well as some digital printing. The following Tyvek® printing quick reference guidelines have been summarized based on our current knowledge and the relevant contents will be updated -
Recycling Roadmap
BRITISH PLASTICS FEDERATION RECYCLING ROADMAP SUPPORTED BY The British Plastics Federation (BPF) is the trade association representing the entire plastics supply chain in the UK, from polymer producers and distributors, converters, equipment suppliers and recyclers. The BPF works in close collaboration with its member companies and liaises closely with government departments, as well as a broad range of non-governmental stakeholders such as charities, brands and retailers. The plastics industry is one of the UK manufacturing sector’s biggest strengths, comprising around 6,200 companies and directly employing 180,000 people. This report has been produced by the British Plastics Federation. The BPF would like to thank Keith Freegard of Keith Freegard Consulting Ltd for all his work on this report and all other reviewers who have provided valuable comments and feedback during its production. This report does not necessarily reflect the views of individual companies mentioned in this report and information provided by companies does not necessarily reflect the views of the BPF. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording and/or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the publishers. While all reasonable steps have been taken to ensure that the information contained within this document is correct, the British Plastics Federation can make no warranties or representations of any kind as to the content and, to the maximum extent permitted by law, accept no liability whatsoever for the same including without limit, for direct, indirect or consequential loss, business interruption, loss of profits, production, contracts or goodwill. -
Bio-Based and Biodegradable Plastics – Facts and Figures Focus on Food Packaging in the Netherlands
Bio-based and biodegradable plastics – Facts and Figures Focus on food packaging in the Netherlands Martien van den Oever, Karin Molenveld, Maarten van der Zee, Harriëtte Bos Rapport nr. 1722 Bio-based and biodegradable plastics - Facts and Figures Focus on food packaging in the Netherlands Martien van den Oever, Karin Molenveld, Maarten van der Zee, Harriëtte Bos Report 1722 Colophon Title Bio-based and biodegradable plastics - Facts and Figures Author(s) Martien van den Oever, Karin Molenveld, Maarten van der Zee, Harriëtte Bos Number Wageningen Food & Biobased Research number 1722 ISBN-number 978-94-6343-121-7 DOI http://dx.doi.org/10.18174/408350 Date of publication April 2017 Version Concept Confidentiality No/yes+date of expiration OPD code OPD code Approved by Christiaan Bolck Review Intern Name reviewer Christaan Bolck Sponsor RVO.nl + Dutch Ministry of Economic Affairs Client RVO.nl + Dutch Ministry of Economic Affairs Wageningen Food & Biobased Research P.O. Box 17 NL-6700 AA Wageningen Tel: +31 (0)317 480 084 E-mail: [email protected] Internet: www.wur.nl/foodandbiobased-research © Wageningen Food & Biobased Research, institute within the legal entity Stichting Wageningen Research All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system of any nature, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without the prior permission of the publisher. The publisher does not accept any liability for inaccuracies in this report. 2 © Wageningen Food & Biobased Research, institute within the legal entity Stichting Wageningen Research Preface For over 25 years Wageningen Food & Biobased Research (WFBR) is involved in research and development of bio-based materials and products. -
BIOCOMP-Tds.Pdf
Biopolymer Compounds - Technical Data Sheets - 100% Biodegradable Compound Respect theNature Issue date: BIOCOMP BF 01HP September 2019 General Description BioComp® is an innovative family of bioplastics made with components natural in origin utilizing biodegradable polymers obtained from both renewable materials and fossil fuel. Biodegradability and compostability of BioComp® is unchanged using plasticizers and the addition of organic and inorganic charges (such as plant fibres, cellulose, lignin, talc…). General Information All BioComp® formulations are made from polymeric resins extracted both from biomass and from synthetic polymers made from bio-derived monomers and microorganisms. The major advantages of bioplastics BioComp® are: High content of natural (renewable) resource raw materials Outstanding mechanical properties (similar to LDPE and EVA depending on the grade) Wide processing window Processable on standard extrusion machinery with a high throughput Printability without corona treatment Certification of Compostability and Biodegradability BioComp® BF 01HP is a Biodegradable & compostable compound that contain starch. Available certificates: Norm / Certification Certification body Certification Number Scheme OK Compost Industrial TA8011802676 (EN13432) TÜV AUSTRIA BELGIUM NV OK Compost Home O 17-2380-A (EN13432) This brand ensures the absence of heavy metals and harmful substances in all BioComp® formulations. An excellent disintegration of the manufactured products and the ecotoxicity of the humus are assured and certified. The biodegradability of at least 90% is guaranteed within 6 months for industrial and 12 months for home. Food Regulatory Status BioComp® BF 01HP is one of the few biodegradable plastics, which complies in its composition with the European food stuff legislation for food contact as well as for food packaging.