DOCSLIB.ORG

Oecd Development Centre Member Countries 2019

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text

Load more

OECD DEVELOPMENT CENTRE 2019 MEMBER COUNTRIES FIND OUT MORE BEL ISR SVN ARG SLV PER Connect with us on line CHL ITA ESP BRA GHA ROU www.oecd.org/dev CZE JPN SWE CPV GTM RWA Twitter.com/OECD_Centre www.facebook.com/OECDDevelopmentCentre DNK KOR CHE CHN IND SEN 30 NON-OECD www.youtube.com/user/DevCentre FIN LUX TUR COL IDN ZAF www.flickr.com/photos/oecd_development_centre/ FRA MEX GBR CRI KAZ TGO DEU NLD CIV MUS THA MEMBERS GRC NOR DOM MAR TUN MEMBERS + the European ISL PRT ECU PAN URY Union Contact us Telephone: + 33 (0)1 45 24 82 00 Email: [email protected] IRL SVK EU EGY PRY VNM Media contact: + 33 (0)1 45 24 82 96 Email: [email protected] Visiting address: 46, quai Alphonse le Gallo, 92100 Boulogne Billancourt, France BETTER POLICIES FOR BETTER LIVES 26 OECD Mailing address: 2, rue André-Pascal, 75775 Paris Cedex 16, France EVERYWHERE We engaged with the European Commission and UN ECLAC BETTER POLICIES FOR BETTER LIVES 2018-2019 in a new EU Regional Facility FINDING POLICY SOLUTIONS to apply the approach of EVERYWHERE KEY ACHIEVEMENTS Development in Transition TOGETHER in Latin America and the Caribbean. Policy makers in developing countries are facing increasingly complex We live in difficult times, where the values of openness, multilateralism and decisions, balancing their economic, social and environmental agendas. co‑operation are being questioned. Yet I know for a fact that international dialogue and co‑operation deliver. And I am profoundly convinced they are more necessary than ever. The OECD Development Centre’s mission is to help them in this Burkina Faso drew from The African Union Commission The OECD Development Centre offers a unique platform where countries at all levels of endeavour, and turn their country’s growth potential into social the findings of ourSocial made us their partner in their development can advance a common understanding on what policies work in different progress and well‑being for all. Institutions and Gender Index Africa’s Development Dynamics contexts, and on how to reshape international co‑operation in support of these policies. Mario Pezzini, Director of the OECD Development Centre, to reform its law on Violence report. We are also invited to Special Advisor to the OECD Secretary-General on Development Against Women, which support an African Observatory Ambassador Manuel Escudero, Chair of the Governing Board of the OECD Development Centre, criminalised marital rape. for Migration and Development. Permanent Representative of Spain to the OECD CONSU UATION MPTION EVAL POS IFE SIB L ILIT IES Multi-dimensional T EN M W R O E R W K O P M E Country Reviews spurred AN INCLUSIVE S N O Kyrgyzstan used our analysis I T C E N N H O O C U institutional innovations in L S A I I N C G O to reform state benefits and S E R Côte d’Ivoire (Observatory GOVERNANCE U V T U C L U N R E T implement its social protection R S A A B R I L F I N T I Y of financial services) and DEVELOPMENT: A PERMANENT TRANSITION strategy. Peru (Metropolitan Transport President John F. Kennedy established the OECD Development Development is more complex than moving from the “developing country” category to “developed”: N SKIL TIO LS EDUCA KYRGYZSTAN MDCR Authorities). Centre on 17 May 1961: in an address to the Canadian Parliament, it is a continuous and reversible process. It follows a diversity of pathways, depending on a country’s he proposed a forum where countries, rich and poor, could “study geography and history. It has multiple economic, social and environmental dimensions, in common the problems of economic development”. which income levels do not fully capture. Through dedicated networks, we engage with about Today, Agenda 2030 and the Sustainable Development Goals Our 2019 Economic Outlook Improving lives in developing countries cannot be left to economic growth alone, nor can policy solutions to 100 companies (EMnet), demand that all countries work together as equals to find for Southeast Asia, China and structural challenges be reproduced from past experience. Governments have to co-create those solutions 50 foundations (netFWD) solutions to global challenges, giving our mission a new relevance. India report contributed to the with a wide array of public and private actors at international, sub-regional and local levels. and dozens of sustainable ASEAN Smart Cities Initiative. development advocates The Centre’s ability to provide a unique, inclusive platform for FROM RESEARCH AND DIALOGUE TO 2019 (DevCom). knowledge sharing and evidence-based policy dialogue hinges ACTION around its membership: its Governing Board is open to both OECD The Development Centre helps policy makers in OECD and non-OECD countries design better policies, and non-OECD countries, at various stages of development. OURC RES E FU AL N practices and partnerships both at home and internationally. It identifies policy solutions for growth, Colombia has been R DS TU A N We helped natural resource- poverty alleviation and the reduction of inequality, relevant to each country’s context by: implementing the Those countries jointly define and fund the Centre’s Programme of G rich developing countries and R N Work and Budget, and interact on an equal footing on its various E I recommendations of its V D E N N E U P E S multinational companies | • Producing multidisciplinary analysis on key development issues. M D platforms: High-level Meetings of the Governing Board Mutual Production Transformation A N A N A G E M E N T jointly craft Guiding Principles • Providing a platform for policy dialogue and learning between OECD and non-OECD countries. Policy Review, integrating Learning Group of the multi-dimensional reviews | Policy dialogues for Durable Extractive • Influencing the international debate on sustainable development. its digital and economic on natural resources, global value chains and productive Contracts. transformation, and women’s economic empowerment | Exchanges COLOMBIA transformation agendas. on Development in Transition, quality infrastructure, and migration and development..
Recommended publications
  • Malaysia's Development Challenges: Graduating from the Middle

    Malaysia's Development Challenges: Graduating from the Middle

    bs_bs_banner BOOK REVIEWS In the Quest for Prosperity, Lin proposes that observing that countries will fail by investing so governments of poor countries can promote far from their comparative advantage to a govern- growth by providing the ‘hard’ (power, telecom- ment knowing what ‘hard’ and ‘soft’ infrastruc- munications, roads, etc.) and ‘soft’ (education, ture and provision of information will be of most financial, and legal) infrastructure necessary to use to certain infant industries. support the structural transformation that has to While being critical of Lin’s central thesis, I take place continuously for an economy to grow have to say that this is an enjoyable and instructive based on its comparative advantage. Moreover, book. The reader is treated to a wide range of its comparative advantage will change as the eco- developing country experiences drawn from Lin’s nomic structure changes. travel in his World Bank job. These experience are The new line in Lin’s thinking about the eco- used very well to illustrate important points about nomic growth process that may make some econo- the development process—especially about the mists uncomfortable is his emphasis on mistakes made by developing countries in government provision of the ‘hard’ and ‘soft’ attempting capital-intensive import substitution. infrastructure to reduce the transaction costs for There is also an excellent summary of the eco- new firms. The justification for such government nomic theory of growth (Chapter 5). However, it actions is that the process of industrial upgrading is a contentious book and hopefully will foster and structural transformation is beset by market much debate over the growth paradigm.
  • African Development Report 2015 Growth, Poverty and Inequality Nexus

    African Development Report 2015 Growth, Poverty and Inequality Nexus

    African Development Report 2015 African Despite earlier periods of limited growth, African economies Sustaining recent growth successes while making future growth have grown substantially over the past decade. However, poverty more inclusive requires smart policies to diversify the sources African Development and inequality reduction has remained less responsive to growth of growth and to ensure broad-based participation across successes across the continent. How does growth affect poverty segments of society. Africa needs to adopt a new development and inequality? How can Africa overcome contemporary and trajectory that focuses on effective structural transformation. Report 2015 future sustainable development challenges? This 2015 edition Workers need to move from low productivity sectors to those of the African Development Report (ADR) offers analysis, where both productivity and earnings are higher. Key poverty- Growth, Poverty and Inequality Nexus: synthesis and recommendations that are relevant to these reducing sectors, such as agriculture and manufacturing, should Overcoming Barriers to Sustainable Development questions. The objective of this Report is to guide policy be targeted and accorded high priority for public and private Growth, Poverty Growth, Development and Inequality Sustainable to Nexus: Overcoming Barriers processes by contributing to the debate analysing what has investment. Adding value to many of Africa’s primary exports happened during recent years, what has worked well, what may earn the continent a competitive margin in international hasn’t worked well, and what needs to be done to address markets, while also meeting domestic market needs, especially further barriers to sustainable development in Africa? Africa’s with regard to food security. Apart from the need to prioritise recent economic growth has not been accompanied by a real certain sectors, other policy recommendations emanating from structural transformation.
  • EXTENDING DECOLONIZATION: How the UNITED NATIONS MIGHT HAVE ADDRESSED Kosovo

    EXTENDING DECOLONIZATION: How the UNITED NATIONS MIGHT HAVE ADDRESSED Kosovo

    ARTICLES EXTENDING DECOLONIZATION: How THE UNITED NATIONS MIGHT HAVE ADDRESSED Kosovo Thomas D. Grant TABLE OF CONTENTS I. INTRODUCTION .......................................... 10 II A PROBLEM OF UN POLITICS ............................... 12 m. A PROBLEM OF RIGHTS AND STATEHOOD ..................... 21 IV. DECOLONIZATION ....................................... 26 V. EXTENDING THE PROCESS OF DECOLONIZATION ................ 33 VI. THE RISKS ............................................. 39 VII. CONCLUSION ........................................... 52 GA. J. INT'L & COMP. L. [Vol. 28:9 EXTENDING DECOLONIZATION: How THE UNITED NATIONS MIGHT HAVE ADDRESSED Kosovo Thomas D. Grant* I. INTRODUCTION Use of force against Yugoslavia, initiated on March 24, 1999, raised vexing problems about international governance. This article identifies two problems in particular and suggests an alternative approach which may have averted them. The Kosovo crisis can be characterized as a crisis of self-determination. When a group of human beings achieves self-determination, it is manifested by the participation of the group in the governance of a state. Where there are no other groups in the territory of the state, this will mean a monopoly by the group over governance. Where more than one group lives within a state, (which is to say, in most states) self-determination means shared participation in governance either through democratic institutions constituting a unitary government or through sub-state territorial units possessing their own competencies such as "autonomy" or "self-government." An important incident of self-determination when expressed this way is the right of the state to maintain its territorial integrity. Not all groups however have achieved self- determination. Where a group has not achieved self-determination, it may later be achieved through a change in the organization of the state in which the group lives.
  • Differentiation Between Developing Countries in the WTO

    Differentiation Between Developing Countries in the WTO

    Differentiation between Developing Countries in the WTO Report 2004:14 E Foto: Mats Pettersson Differentiation between Developing Countries in the WTO Swedish Board of Agriculture International Affairs Division June 2004 Authors: Jonas Kasteng Arne Karlsson Carina Lindberg Contents PROLOGUE.......................................................................................................................................................... 3 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY................................................................................................................................... 5 1 INTRODUCTION ....................................................................................................................................... 9 1.1 Purpose of the study............................................................................................................................. 9 1.2 Limitations of the study ....................................................................................................................... 9 1.3 Background to the discussion on differentiation................................................................................ 10 1.4 Present differentiation between developing countries in the WTO.................................................... 12 1.5 Relevance of present differentiation between developing countries in the WTO .............................. 13 1.6 Outline of the new differentiation initiative......................................................................................
  • Fact Sheet on the Kyoto Protocol

    Fact Sheet on the Kyoto Protocol

    The U.S. View FACT SHEET ON THE KYOTO PROTOCOL t a conference held December 1–11, 1997, in Kyoto, Japan, the Parties to A the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change agreed to an historic Protocol to reduce greenhouse gas emissions by harnessing the forces of the global marketplace to protect the environment. Key aspects of the Kyoto Protocol include weather, either of which could spike emissions targets, timetables for industrial- emissions in a particular year. ized nations, and market-based measures for meeting those targets. The Protocol • The first budget period will be makes a down payment on the meaning- 2008–2012. The parties rejected bud- ful participation of developing countries, get periods beginning as early as but more needs to be done in this area. 2003, as neither realistic nor achiev- Securing meaningful developing country able. Having a full decade before the participation remains a core U.S. goal. start of the binding period will allow more time for companies to make the transition to greater energy efficiency Emissions Targets and/or lower carbon technologies. A central feature of the Kyoto Protocol is a set of binding emissions targets for • The emissions targets include all six developed nations. The specific limits major greenhouse gases: carbon diox- vary from country to country, though ide, methane, nitrous oxide, and three those for the key industrial powers of the synthetic substitutes for ozone-deplet- European Union, Japan, and the United ing CFCs that are highly potent and States are similar—8 percent below 1990 long-lasting in the atmosphere. emissions levels for the European Union, 7 percent for the United States, and 6 • Activities that absorb carbon, such as percent for Japan.
  • 39 40 Industrial Countries 20 17 16

    39 40 Industrial Countries 20 17 16

    Human Capital and Economic Development* Simon Appleton** and Francis Teal 1. Introduction Health and education are both components of human capital and contributors to human welfare. One index of human welfare, which incorporates income, education and health, shows that Africa’s level of ‘human development’ is the lowest of any region in the world. In this paper we will frequently compare Africa with South Asia. While Africa’s level of human development is lower than that of South Asia, its per capita income is higher. Africa’s poor economic performance has been most marked in its growth rate which has been half that of South Asia. As Africa has found since 1980, slow economic growth severely limits the ability of governments and households to fund further investments in health and education. Low investments in human capital may impinge on already low growth rates of income. Such interrelations might be thought to imply a vicious circle of development, but this should not be overstated. Poor countries have considerable discretion over how much to invest in health and education. Since Independence, Africa has achieved a rapid growth of some aspects of human capital - particularly in the expansion of education - despite starting from a low level of income. The expansion of the human capital stock has not been matched by a commensurate rise in physical capital. The result has been low growth of incomes and low returns to the educational investment. This paper provides an overview of Africa’s achievements in the formation of human capital, and its impact on economic growth and welfare.
  • Oecd Development Centre

    Oecd Development Centre

    OECD DEVELOPMENT CENTRE Working Paper No. 276 EXTRACTING THE MAXIMUM FROM THE EITI by Dilan Ölcer Research area: Global Development Outlook February 2009 Extracting the Maximum from the EITI DEV/DOC(2009)1 This series of working papers is intended to disseminate the Development Centre’s research findings rapidly among specialists in the field concerned. These papers are generally available in the original English or French, with a summary in the other language. Comments on this paper would be welcome and should be sent to the OECD Development Centre, 2, rue André Pascal, 75775 PARIS CEDEX 16, France; or to [email protected]. Documents may be downloaded from: http://www.oecd.org/dev/wp or obtained via e-mail ([email protected]). The opinions expressed and arguments employed in this document are the sole responsibility of the author and do not necessarily reflect those of the OECD or of the governments of its Member countries Cette série de documents de travail a pour but de diffuser rapidement auprès des spécialistes dans les domaines concernés les résultats des travaux de recherche du Centre de développement. Ces documents ne sont disponibles que dans leur langue originale, anglais ou français ; un résumé du document est rédigé dans l’autre langue. Tout commentaire relatif à ce document peut être adressé au Centre de développement de l’OCDE, 2, rue André Pascal, 75775 PARIS CEDEX 16, France; ou à [email protected]. Les documents peuvent être téléchargés à partir de: http://www.oecd.org/dev/wp ou obtenus via le mél ([email protected]).
  • Oecd Development Centre

    Oecd Development Centre

    OECD DEVELOPMENT CENTRE Working Paper No. 262 STRENGTHENING PRODUCTIVE CAPACITIES IN EMERGING ECONOMIES THROUGH INTERNATIONALISATION: EVIDENCE FROM THE APPLIANCE INDUSTRY by Federico Bonaglia and Andrea Goldstein Research area: Policy Coherence and Productive Capacity Building July 2007 Strengthening Productive Capacities in Emerging Economies through Internationalisation DEV/DOC(2007)5 DEVELOPMENT CENTRE WORKING PAPERS This series of working papers is intended to disseminate the Development Centre’s research findings rapidly among specialists in the field concerned. These papers are generally available in the original English or French, with a summary in the other language. Comments on this paper would be welcome and should be sent to the OECD Development Centre, 2, rue André Pascal, 75775 PARIS CEDEX 16, France; or to [email protected]. Documents may be downloaded from: http://www.oecd.org/dev/wp or obtained via e-mail ([email protected]). THE OPINIONS EXPRESSED AND ARGUMENTS EMPLOYED IN THIS DOCUMENT ARE THE SOLE RESPONSIBILITY OF THE AUTHORS AND DO NOT NECESSARILY REFLECT THOSE OF THE OECD OR OF THE GOVERNMENTS OF ITS MEMBER COUNTRIES CENTRE DE DÉVELOPPEMENT DOCUMENTS DE TRAVAIL Cette série de documents de travail a pour but de diffuser rapidement auprès des spécialistes dans les domaines concernés les résultats des travaux de recherche du Centre de développement. Ces documents ne sont disponibles que dans leur langue originale, anglais ou français ; un résumé du document est rédigé dans l’autre langue. Tout commentaire relatif à ce document peut être adressé au Centre de développement de l’OCDE, 2, rue André Pascal, 75775 PARIS CEDEX 16, France ; ou à [email protected].
  • Oecd Development Centre

    Oecd Development Centre

    OECD DEVELOPMENT CENTRE Working Paper No. 111 (Formerly Technical Paper No. 111) GROW NOW/CLEAN LATER, OR THE PURSUIT OF SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT? by David O’Connor Research programme on: Economic Opening, Technology Diffusion, Skills and Earnings March 1996 OCDE/GD(96)51 Technical Paper N°. 111, "Grow Now/Clean Later, or Pursuit of Sustainable Development ?", by David O'Connor, produced as part of the research programme on economic Opening, Technologiy Diffusion, Skills and Earnings, March 1996. TABLE OF CONTENTS RÉSUMÉ .............................................................................................................. 6 SUMMARY .......................................................................................................... 7 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS.................................................................................. 8 PREFACE ............................................................................................................. 9 I. THE ENVIRONMENT-GROWTH TRADEOFF: QUOI DE NEUF? ............ 11 II. THE ENVIRONMENT IN THE EAST ASIAN "MIRACLE"....................... 15 III. THE COSTS OF ENVIRONMENTAL DEGRADATION............................ 27 IV. THE COSTS OF ENVIRONMENTAL IMPROVEMENT ........................... 31 V. LESSONS FOR TODAY'S LATE INDUSTRIALISERS................................ 37 ANNEX A: WHAT HAS HAPPENED TO ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY IN THE HPAEs? 39 NOTES ................................................................................................................. 43 REFERENCES ....................................................................................................
  • 345100Egy0economic0growth.Pdf

    345100Egy0economic0growth.Pdf

    34510 Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized Economic Growth in Egypt: Constraints and Determinants Anton Dobronogov and Farrukh Iqbal Middle East and North Africa Social and Economic Development Group October 2005 Discussion papers are not formal publications of the World Bank. They represent preliminary and often unpolished results of country analysis and research. Circulation is intended to encourage discussion and comments; citation and the use of the paper should take account of its provisional character. The findings and conclusions of the paper are entirely those of the authors and should not be attributed to the World Bank, its affiliated organizations, or to members of its Board of Executive Directors or the countries they represent. Table of Contents 1. Introduction...................................................................................................................................1 2. Growth Performance in 1961-2003: Phases and Trends ....................................................1 3. Empirics of Growth Performance in 1986-2003 .................................................................10 4. What constrains Growth in Egypt? A Diagnostic Approach .........................................13 5. Inefficiency of Financial Intermediation: Causes, Nature, and Implications for the Economy.........................................................................................................................19 6. Concluding Remarks.................................................................................................................23
  • Banking on Development: Private Banks and Aid Donors in Developing Countries

    Banking on Development: Private Banks and Aid Donors in Developing Countries

    OECD DEVELOPMENT CENTRE Working Paper No. 263 BANKING ON DEVELOPMENT: PRIVATE BANKS AND AID DONORS IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES by Javier Rodríguez and Javier Santiso Research area: Financing Development November 2007 Banking on Development: Private Banks and Aid Donors in Developing Countries DEV/DOC(2007)6 DEVELOPMENT CENTRE WORKING PAPERS This series of working papers is intended to disseminate the Development Centre’s research findings rapidly among specialists in the field concerned. These papers are generally available in the original English or French, with a summary in the other language. Comments on this paper would be welcome and should be sent to the OECD Development Centre, 2, rue André Pascal, 75775 PARIS CEDEX 16, France; or to [email protected]. Documents may be downloaded from: http://www.oecd.org/dev/wp or obtained via e-mail ([email protected]). THE OPINIONS EXPRESSED AND ARGUMENTS EMPLOYED IN THIS DOCUMENT ARE THE SOLE RESPONSIBILITY OF THE AUTHORS AND DO NOT NECESSARILY REFLECT THOSE OF THE OECD OR OF THE GOVERNMENTS OF ITS MEMBER COUNTRIES CENTRE DE DÉVELOPPEMENT DOCUMENTS DE TRAVAIL Cette série de documents de travail a pour but de diffuser rapidement auprès des spécialistes dans les domaines concernés les résultats des travaux de recherche du Centre de développement. Ces documents ne sont disponibles que dans leur langue originale, anglais ou français ; un résumé du document est rédigé dans l’autre langue. Tout commentaire relatif à ce document peut être adressé au Centre de développement de l’OCDE, 2, rue André Pascal, 75775 PARIS CEDEX 16, France; ou à [email protected].
  • Growth and Economic Thought Before and After the 2008-09 Crisis1

    Growth and Economic Thought Before and After the 2008-09 Crisis1

    WPS5752 Policy Research Working Paper 5752 Public Disclosure Authorized Learning from Developing Country Experience Growth and Economic Thought Before and After Public Disclosure Authorized the 2008–09 Crisis Ann Harrison Claudia Sepúlveda Public Disclosure Authorized The World Bank Public Disclosure Authorized Development Economics Vice Presidency August 2011 Policy Research Working Paper 5752 Abstract The aim of this paper is twofold. First, it documents the Second, it explores what these global economic changes changing global landscape before and after the crisis, and the recent crisis imply for shifts in the direction of emphasizing the shift towards multipolarity. In particular, research in development economics. The paper places it emphasizes the ascent of developing countries in the a particular emphasis on the lessons that developed global economy before, during, and after the crisis. countries can learn from the developing world. This paper is a product of the Development Economics Vice Presidency. It is part of a larger effort by the World Bank to provide open access to its research and make a contribution to development policy discussions around the world. Policy Research Working Papers are also posted on the Web at http://econ.worldbank.org. The author may be contacted may be contacted at [email protected] and [email protected]. The Policy Research Working Paper Series disseminates the findings of work in progress to encourage the exchange of ideas about development issues. An objective of the series is to get the findings out quickly, even if the presentations are less than fully polished. The papers carry the names of the authors and should be cited accordingly.