TRANSACTIONS ON SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY that time was ’outside’ the marked boundary (Dumbong, 2004). In 1984, the Parks Enactment 1984 Enactment Parks the 1984, In 2004). (Dumbong, boundary marked the ’outside’ was time that whichat areas the develop and cultivate subdivide, to started then communities local permanent.The not is It compasses. the the (Nowegwildanimals hunting firewood,and plants, source natural the on rely still communities local (CRP) Park Range Crocker Introduction omnt Livelihood Crocker Conservation Community (CUZ) Zone Use Community Keywords: Online: press:In Accepted: Revised: Received: Use Zone byLocal Communities (CUZ) in 1

*Correspondingauthor

exact area ForestryComplex, Faculty of ScienceResourc andNatural approximate Conservation Community Awareness on 2

Sabah Parks,Lot 45Sabah & 46,Level 1 Park,Crocker Range , AndyMojiol R. 30June 2016

RangePark 20May 2016 20 April20 2016 5 April5 2016 12May2016

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wasdesi Mojiol

boundary on the ground was demarcated by the Park Park the by demarcated was ground the on boundary Awareness

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gnated et al.et Highway, UMS, 88400,KotaUMS, Kinabalu, Sabah . E ,

; ; ; 2016. - , is LudiApin²

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* surrounded © Transactions© on Science and Technology to therefore highly integrate of CUZ existence The the conservation. with agree highly vegetables trees fruit by followed Senagang income of sources as cultivated vegetabl as such crops Cash trees. fruit and trees rubberas cropssuch permanent are identifiedcrops major The results. o ended data The community. local ofawareness conservation and perception the determined its cropbetweenrelationship the determined study This survival. for forest the on depend whocommunities local the of livelihoodsthe park and conservationpriorities betweenofbalancethethe a Community living community some to as area parks’ the inactivities prohibitsanyhuman 1984 Enactment Parks The A

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b enhance Transactionson Science and Technology. otiuin t te oa cmuiis livelihood. communities’ local the to contributions

andy s

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ta ct r structured s - / , @ 5, Blok 5, Signature H, Office, KKTimes CoastalSquare,

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such as durian, durian, as such

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Sompud to s identified is , MALAYSIA. , - f the of be practiced to es,Universiti MalaysiaSabah, Jalan MALAYSIA. - - face 88

ofCUZ mark

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also need hr is there with rambutan), management

and coffee trees coffee and

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92 Mongool

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the - further research 88

o the to

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320 cocoa,

and and 1964 is I is It ties. au Ulu Baru ¹ tool , revenue 876

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TRANSACTIONS ON SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY ad cultivation; land Information of owners s The SocioeconomicSurvey cultivation Kg. at CUZ the of occupancy Murut predominantly Salalir resource CRP Tenom Kg. of village The areaStudy Methodology identified awareness conservation Park the inside CUZ applied be for localcommunities procedure the However, considered. be may swap, land as such options, management other CUZ, of establishment condition of zones option This CRP. the inside issues management use land address zonation unde continue to allowed be will activities human traditional where and Parks the inside occur to found are collection surroundingcommunities. 1996). (Nais, boundary Park cultivated, cont the on Based was

resettlement or resettlement

r

omnt Ue oe ( Zone Use Community executed acted to licensed surveyors. Massive discrepancies with the old boundary surfaced, with many with surfaced, boundary old the with discrepancies Massive surveyors. licensed to acted area where the local communities are engaged in cultivation and cultivation in engaged are communities local the where area ocioeconomic Kg. , district s

. which areas use community of

the crops planted crops inthe

ht hs atvte ae otold y aa Prs (Miki Parks Sabah by controlled are activities these that Hi site eeoe r vn inhabited even or developed the to about

therto

Tag new set of coordinate, the Park started ground surveying the exact and legal boundary, boundary, legal and exact the surveying ground started Park the coordinate, of set new

oig ln A sc, rdtoa cliain il be will cultivation traditional such, As Plan. Zoning other Park’s areas Park’s other

with of

w cultivated and

Mojiol r the supervision of the Parks a Parks the of supervision the r

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td area; study et al.et ethnic areas with included

among

land , was

2016. ISSN2289 the laws oflawsthe park the . This study attempts to identify how the CUZ CUZ the how identify to attempts study This . CUZ ity . This option depends on the settlement history ( history settlement the on depends option This .

This s . Mongool Ulu Baru urve

to the initial area area initial the to The questionnaires are divided into five main sections; (i) Part Part (i) sections; main five into divided are questionnaires The , conducted a be ocpe since occupied been has Mongool h lcl communities local the and

area of area

once )

under the under Transactionson Science and Technology. has

i) at B: Part (ii) y eie a “ra wh “areas as defined

area. ok as work

- become it 8786.

187.96ha land Senagang was p may be complicated due to managing the balance of the the of balance the managing to due complicated be may p s established is

au Ulu Baru by CUZ area since 2004. Th 2004. since area CUZ http://transectscience.org/

accepted legal and proper the inside be to turn villagers the by

distributed epnet background; Respondent the a uthority

(Harada farmer . designated as Kinabalu as designated

main is

of Senagang

n () at : Conservation E: Part (v) and located . as the most reasonable short reasonable most the as ”

. Th source of dispute between the Park a Park the between dispute of source h the and r eitn cliain n frs resource forest and cultivation existing ere (

et al et Apin & Miki & Apin close 1974 by a few people migrated from Kg. Kg. from migrated people few a by 1974 codn to According ere

., 2001), its ewe te odr of border the between

has been no comprehensive study comprehensive no been has and open and can inc incorporate

m contribution ome e divided be loe isd CUZ inside allowed collecting of collecting and ’s village e ,

3 2013).

(iii) Part C: Part (iii) - (1 Kiko itit Te ilgr are villagers The district. ended questionnaire ended Park ( Park by t al et - 2),85 s Kiko considering

traditional cultivation traditional In addition In 20) the (2006),

, 04. fe the After 2014). ., s located is Anonymous no settlement into - otiue to contributed

, 2006). 2006). , 92 the forest the - ,

term strategy to to strategy term

nomto on Information perception Keningau ae on based the

,

inside the inside CUZ CUZ with land , 1984). , options natural nd the the nd to to

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TRANSACTIONS ON SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY communityi The ConservationAwareness andC Mojiol twokindsofmay approach used of earned The EconomicValuationo forestconservati used with areas, Park awareness. revenu study on study CUZ area valuation within economiccultivatedofcrops the Local direct use value usedirect Local for subsistence purposes, the gross income will be estimated based on surrogate prices for which estimated for onprices surrogate will incomebe based gross subsistence for the purposes, o dniy the identify to i isthe involvedcosts in collectionthe productof by the local community local the by et al et ii i) ) e

generat I ., 2013) ., nterview nCUZ areas. Thesteps involvedfollow were as conservation awarenessconservation Information Prep on. Mojiol the list of list the Figure1 ed. According to Sathirathai (1998) & Mojiol & (1998) Sathirathai to According ed.

.

arationof Whereas P is the prices of prices the is P Whereas s tlzto o ln, h cmuiis aaees n their and awareness communities’ the land, of utilization

f were

et al.et Crops at CUZ

.

=

beapplied the , Map ofMap CUZ conducted

gatheringduring the

2016. ISSN2289 Net inco Net data collection data . farmers provided by the by provided farmers The

Transactionson Science and Technology. marketprice

. identifiedthe me generated for localuse generated for me

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with thewith 8786. at Kg. MongoolUlu Senangang,Keningau http://transectscience.org/

duringpre i local com local , Qi denotes the amount of product of amount denotesthe Qi , assessment of the sold products sold theof

patterns and relationships that exist amongst localamongst exist that relationshipsand patterns i.

-

Sabah Parks Sabah assessment. munities : ,

on -

site observationssite w = ∑ {P ∑ = et al et Kg. Mongool Baru Ulu Senagang BaruUlu Mongool Kg. as who cultivated who

determined based . ., (2013) when the products the when (2013) ., w A 100% A

i as 3 Q (1

used to calculate the gross the calculate to used i -

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perception towards towards perception -

the land the andinterviews.

(Sathirathai, 1998;(Sathirathai, 92

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being collected being

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was

are 87 ,

TRANSACTIONS ON SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY r ra acsiiiy aalblt o ptnil akt te o the market, potential of availability accessibility, road are fortransportation, electricity and improvethe and return economic higher on concentrating are farmers More agriculture on concentrate to them encourage this jobs, good have to land - kg to found farmersthe which product 7 of average an with contributed trees 1990’s UluSenagang T Crops Contributiontothe Community Livelihood theare Therewere Resultand d conducted usingdata theanalysis The

The population The of types wo Keningau/ UluSenagang, Mongool Kg. Baru withvaluethe recorded at steps Other factors that could contribute to the species selection to be planted by the local community local the by planted be to selection species the to contributecould that factors Other numberThe VILLAGE , contributed to an average of 800 kg with estimated average income of RM9 of income average estimated with kg 800 of average an to contributed localcommun

support iii) which a as rcre t recorded also was be

of (i)and(ii)of

Tenom forty ir quality of livingofqualityir grow cultivated iscussion

crops are included the community livelihood communitythe Collaborativeandanalysis strategies.

- Mojiol s and types of typesand s

seven to growth incr growth

rubber trees surroundingthe trees rubber permanentcropsandseasonal crops

the contribute i ,

ties 000 kg per per kg 000

around the around

et al.et

RESPONDENT were of major ubr trees, rubber who respondents 47 people47 ,

2016. e ihs price highest he ISSN2289 carriedout eased v. h increased The iv). RM1

. d income

live

They need more need They crops planted are related to factors to relatedplantedare crops

to the to others outcomes Table1

community , Transactionson Science and Technology. annum 190. withinareas.the Park the tendency to grow cash crops cash grow to tendency the

commercial

cocoa of

(100%) - . socio

8786.

during

. Senagang Ulu Baru Mongool Kg. of communities local the .

n the and ii RespondentBackground . 21 to8521 years old

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. http://transectscience.org/ ’ income

and others fruiting trees as as trees fruiting others and ir s

Employment mn egt pce listed. species eight among

in

socioeconomicobse surveyand

house. housing i tnad f living of standard terviewed

AGE n crops such as rubber trees and vegetables to to vegetables and trees rubber as such crops c

estimated average income of RM36,480.00. This This RM36,480.00. of income average estimated ome

of

. Mostof crops. the Seasonal crops such as durian contributed 200 200 contributeddurian as such crops Seasonal

for for the local communities at Kg. Mongool Baru Mongool Kg. at communities local the compound. Cocoa and coffee trees coffeeand Cocoa compound.

inMongoolUlu Kg. Baru Senagang

education, -

Majority of the local community do not not do communitylocal the ofMajority Private4% Government 11% Farmers85% utcome of the final product to be be to product final the of utcome

identified as;

-

and determine the availability of availability the determine and activities The JOB purchasing goods payment purchasing and

3 were

(1 local hw in shown

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sinceto 1980’s while(iii)

- 2. 2. 2000.00

were .

Most Rubber Rubber Cocoa . They .

gain also was

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of to to

8 - ,

TRANSACTIONS ON SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY destruction. forest on disagree and agree equally demonstrates of conservation thePark. (96%) agreed (100%) respondents All activities and conservation. Theperception and Perceptionand ConservationAwareness Note:perIndividual* soiltypes, of charateristic physical the and community, the by owned land of size the harvested, Rubber/Getah conservation PRODUCT - Thecommunity Aoftotal - Rambutan

Cempedak

( Langsat TOTAL ( Durian kepingan were awareof prohibitionthe Kelapa CROP kentalan Koko Kopi

such terrains, Table2 *

* Thisisconsidered *

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ht h village the that

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91% of theof91% as cultivation and gathering and cultivation as

the Mojiol

ofthe park Coffearobusta Cocosnucifera Coffealiberica

SCEINTIFIC

. andlocalweather conditions

3 domesticum awarenesson Theobroma brasi champeden Artocarpus lappaceum Nephelium Cropscontribut forest zibethinus , Lansium indicated NAME

Hevea Durio cacao showsthe

et al.et liensis

. respondents

They were also supportive also were They

, .

2016. ISSN2289

rs

as they as dependon thefortheir forest daily lives. their understanding importancetheir forestonof the

result f had of agree conservation

Transactionson Science and Technology. PRODUCT PRICE OF 0.50 0.80 1.00 1.50 1.20 (RM/KG) ions

of 0.50 3.00 4.50 3.80 5.80 s

aware -

– – – – – land utilization 8786. on seen the signs the seen

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the localcommunity’stheperception towards the

of

http://transectscience.org/ of werebased forest pro forest

preservation the Sabah Parks existence.Parksthe Sabah (Lintangah

PRODUCT BEING o arclua utilization agricultural for 800

200 200 300 COLLECTED AMOUNT OF

90 fruits 8 40 fruits40 x 13person 50 fruits50 x 4person x 2person x 9person

, for cultivation and 2 5 (KG) of 580kg of Sabah Parks bo Parks Sabah of , , 80 000 000 ducts

any

oncommunity’sthe

et al et

f hi environment their of

’s ’s ’s conservation activity conservation inside Sabah Park Sabah inside ’s

., 2009;Mojiol.,

COSTINVOLVED IN COLLECTIONIN OF PRODUCTS

3 collecting (1 undary. undary. 270.00 Theyagree

10.00 50.00 10.00 10.00 10.00 50.00 60.00 60.00 10.00 - (RM) 2),85 (

Per AnnumPer ht may that (

concerntowards 98% et al et

area area - . Ninety

92

) ., 2016).., forest

in the park the in The

and agree and the

on are lands cause INCOME )

Sabah Parks Sabah 28 50 - respondents the fact the 1 2 9 7 .

six percent percent six products

110.00 310.00 990.00 prohibited. , , , , (RM) 15.0 , , 190.00 090.00 550.00 540.00 940.00 735.00

such as as such

0 onthe .

forest forest forest

This This

that

89 in in

TRANSACTIONS ON SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY iscrops,anindication of both for cultivation income, respondents. total the of production. Twenty of H fertile. was c land

the Themainof reason initial the l 4 Table

ultivation. soil - three and and Table3

remains only shows

owever, comparing with nowadays, only nowadays, with comparing owever, percent (23%) of (23%) percent Mojiol During .

9% 8.Forest 7.Do 6.Do 5.Do 4.Do 3.Do 2.Have 1.Do Perception

the conservation awareness which awareness conservation the purpose activities? conserved? productswithin Sabah Parks? agricultural purpose andgather forest Parksboun while self

indicated cultivation indicated

et al.et you you you you you you

- the first the cultivatingmore you consumption clearing oaas 4% of 47% Nowadays,

want want tobe involvedinconservation want understandwhat conservation?is understandthe importance of forest? knowisit prohibited touse landfor knowtheexistence of Sabah Parks? 68% maycauseforest destruction. ,

everseen the signsof theSabah 2016. ISSN2289 daryorwarning boards? and DISAGREE YES your AGREE YES YES YES YES YES YES NO respon

NO NO NO NO NO NO

f epnet idctd the indicated respondents of for STATEMENT exertion Awarene

Transactionson Science and Technology.

and cultivation and

surroundings tobe agricultural

d - n suc o income. of source and ents 8786.

varietiescropscomparedofas tothe previoustime. of cultivation, 94% of the respondents agrees that the that agrees respondents the of 94% cultivation, of ss of ss LocalCommunities

for self for use http://transectscience.org/

the the

fertilizers,

had been forself hadbeen

- respondents

consumption

emphasize

30% of the respondents agree that that agree respondents the of 30%

which

etlt had fertility ih 9 o pol cliaig new cultivating people of 79% With selling selling

PERCENTAGE . There were 44% who indicated the the indicated who 44% were There .

s could KG.

on - consumption as indicated consumptionas by on

MONGOOL soil BARU ForestConservation. the result 100 100 100

96 98 96 91 49 51 3 4 2 4 9 - - -

(1

ir fertility and the purpose of purpose the and fertility

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fall 2),85

products

in

(%) en

the increase the

-

o ite i fertile. bit little to

92

as a a as the fertility the source

of crops crops of

87 soil

90 of %

TRANSACTIONS ON SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY h cos utvtd y h lcl communities local the by cultivated crops The the and cultivation p The Conclusion and biodiversity to lowsuggest a givenenvironmentalpriority to threats as activities agricultural on disagree who respondents of leaching,erosion and and limited, fertilizers of use The Park. the within activities areas. In opulation They term of term education Table4 as the case occurred in occurred case the as

relatively agree relatively the

awareness,

Mojiol piece of land of piece s increasing is

6.Is there any difference between type of crops 5.If 4. 3.Do 2.How about nowadays, is the soilstill fertile as 1.The first time .

of ConservationAwarenessof LocalCommunities cultivated nowadays is the whatwas the reason? Whenyou before? thePark areas,was the soil fertile?

is reduces children contributed to contributed children you

you

et al.et due to the poor soil fertility of the cultivated lands. Land becomes scarce and and scarce becomes Land lands. cultivatedthe of fertility soil poor the to due

purpose are are stillactive doing cultivation, what

The use anyfertilizer for the BOTH ECONOMICSOURCE SELF BOTH ECONOMICSOURCE SELF FERTILE LITTLEBIT FERTILE NOT FERTILE FERTILE LITTLEBIT FERTILE NOT FERTILE ,

on first 2016. ISSN2289

the localcommunities that

usage of fertilizer among the community is st is community the among fertilizer of usage YES YES ? you NO NO forest felling forest with

- - started

CONSUMPTION CONSUMPTION

STATEMENT natural

Transactionson Science and Technology. Kg. Mongool Baru Ulu Senagang. The need to su toneed The Senagang.Ulu Baru Mongool Kg.

cultivate contin

and and

the shrinking amount of available land for settlement and and settlement for land available of amount shrinking the

cu - 8786.

ltivation, the fertilitysoilof (Mojiolthe u

inside ously previous your http://transectscience.org/ impact may cause forest destruction, which may which destruction, forest cause may the l the

cultivation?

cultivated show a show tha ocal community’s activities within the Park areas. Park the within activities community’s ocal

time

amongcommunitythe t

include

high levelhigh

for

emnn cos and crops permanent vegetables pineapples, paddy,

PERCENTAGE KG. on of attentivenessof et al et

MONGOOL Forest Conservation.Forest BAR

., 2010). ., Thelarge proportion 87 77 23 30 68 94 21 79 44 47 3 4 9 2 6 9 -

(1

U . -

2),85

ill at a a at ill

(%)

-

92 towardsprotected rvive for rvive low

seasonal

relate

environment level (23%). (23%). level

a to their to lead

living crops

91 to to

TRANSACTIONS ON SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY [13] [12] [11] [10] [9] [8] [7] [6] [5] [4] [3] [2] [1] References CrockerRange th especially assistants field and Rangers Park support, and contributions valuable Gratitude Acknowledgements exposalfo established forest the on CRP the insideissuesmanagement areas settlements. disagree respectively crops of type contri

Miki, Y., Laban, D., Maidin, N., Zainal, A. & Lakim, M. (2014). Crocker Range Park: Community Use Community Park: Range Crocker (2014). M. Lakim, & A. Zainal, N., Maidin, D., Laban, Y., Miki, Smallholdersamong in Districtthe of , Sabah. Lintanga Bandung:Palmedia Citra. (2001). K. Harada, Park Range Crocker Biodiversity the Ecosys Around and In Recommendation Dumbong Congress (2013). Y. Miki, & L Apin, Anonymous(1984). Report Series.Report Archiv 108378. Thaila of South Thani, Surat of Study Case A Resources: Natural of Conservation (1998). S. Sathirathai, ConservationProgramme inSabah (2006). K. K. Kiko, Park. National Range Conservation Crocker the Bordering Noweg HumidTropics. South (19 J. Nais, LocalCommunity. (2013).S.Y. Yong, & O. Igau,Sompud,J., R., A. Mojiol, Sustainable of Development speciesfound A.R., Mojiol, 2016),112 Malaysia. Sabah District, (2016). J. Sompud, & C. K. Contribution Liew, J., Kodoh, M., Ismenyah, J., Lintangah, J., Guntabid, R., A. Mojiol, Zone. , buted

hc has which s

is expressed is - with r further developmentr IUCNWorld Park Congress. ot Coeain rgam o Evrnetly on Socio Sound Environmentally on Programme Cooperation South

T, bu Rsi. . Ndn, . 20) Frs Plants Forest (2003). D. Nidang, & A. Rashid. Abdul T., ,

. eteet n cultivation and settlement monthly Overall, t Overall, h, W.,Mojiol, h, R., A. Kodoh, J. , .14 AG (2004). A.G. , h community The

and - the Park’s regulation Park’s the Park are 96).

129. Mojiol - f agoe oet n Socio and Forest Mangrove of 15 (ARBEC),January at dla AE, oo, . Lnagh W & aa, . (2010). R. Wahab, & W. Lintangah, J., Kodoh, A.E., Adella,

en accepted been social

ubr trees rubber burned andunburned ofareas Kliaspeat swamp fores , iaau ak n te urudn nieos Communities Indigenous Surrounding the and Park Kinabalu November

income whosacrificedtime theirenergy and during th he CUZ CUZ he

SepilokBulletin Journal

to Sabah Parks officers especially to Mr. Yassin Miki (CR Yassin especiallyMiki officersParksMr. to Sabah to tem and Conservation and tem Programme inSabah (Unpublished). Traditional people and biodiversity conservation in Gunung Halimun National Park. National Halimun Gunung in conservation biodiversity and people Traditional et al.et Parks Enactment1984. impact rce Rne ak aaeet ln Bren idvriy Ecosys Biodiversity Bornean Plan. Management Park Range Crocker cnmc auto o Mnrvs n te oe o Lcl omnte i the in Communities Local of Roles the and Mangroves of Valuation Economic ,

2016. ISSN2289 to sustain their livelihood. their sustain to Int

,

2013,Sendai, Japan, can be one of theof one be can

Community Use Zone of Crocker Range Park, Sabah Malaysia.Sabah Park, Range Crocker Communityof ZoneUse ia Rpr: h Study The Report: Final 3 agree rainl ora o Agriculture, of Journal ernational

(1),109 are on

with

s h ms raoal short reasonable most the as Transactionson Science and Technology. . However, . -

thus March2003, 1 the .JICA. ISBN 9832770114, 9789832770114. s 12 to prohibit to

- RM36,480.00 y h cmuiis ihn the within communities the by on -

8786. - 19No protected areas areas protected

betaken

115. &Solimun, M. (2010).An Assessment

the vital importance of environmental preservation but but preservation environmental of importance vital the ,

The StateThe of Sabah. http://transectscience.org/ 17 vember2014,Sydney, Australia. furthe - cnmc eeomn o Lcl omnte i in Communities Local of Development Economic (1),35

option

them from occupying the forest for cu for forest the occupying from them

intoaccount. -

SA Rve o Boiest ad Environmental and Biodiversity of Review ASEAN 18.

r research on the local communities’ dependencycommunities’local the on research r ModernApplied Science Cocoa , -

s

46

as T are

he average range of range average he for

Contributions of Kawang Forest ReserveForest the of ContributionsKawangto a

necessary

management Pr Mngmn Cmoet Bornean Component, Management Park .

RM9 oil ofit eouin n Policy and Resolution Conflict Social

- Forestry term strategy to address land use use land address to strategy term e ,

t, Beaufort, Sabaht, Malaysia. 550.00

research work.research

for s eeals o Communities for Vegetables as - area

cnmc eeomn i the in Development Economic 3 ,

(1

tool for the for tool conserving the conserving , n Plantation and ,

-

4

2),85

and omn eiia plants medicinal Common (9),58 for ofPlantationTree Activity Wrig ae N. 17). No. Paper (Working revenu

nd. N ay yea many ris RM fruits - P Manager) for his Manager) for P

-

92 65. EEPSEA ResearchEEPSEA s stationed ose e

community use use community

per annum per

ltivation and and ltivation , 1st Asia Park Asia 1st

forest. 2 s n the and rs

4,395 (February e and tem

Journal T . 00 by by he 92 at at ,