DOCSLIB.ORG

Read Book Understanding Anemia Ebook Free Download

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Read Book Understanding Anemia Ebook Free Download UNDERSTANDING ANEMIA PDF, EPUB, EBOOK Ed Uthman | 277 pages | 18 Nov 2009 | University Press of Mississippi | 9781578060399 | English | Jackson, United States Understanding Anemia PDF Book From ages 4 to 8, children need 10 mg, and from ages 9 to 13, 8 mg. This content does not have an Arabic version. Getting a blood transfusion is the fastest way to get blood to deliver oxygen to all the cells in the body. If iron supplements alone are not able to replenish the levels of iron in your body, your doctor may recommend a procedure, including:. For this test, a small camera is inserted into the colon under sedation to view the colon directly. Severe anemia may require blood transfusion. Screening and Prevention - Iron-Deficiency Anemia. View all news on Iron- Deficiency Anemia. How long anemia lasts depends on its cause and how easily it can be corrected. If you have certain risk factors , such as if you are following a vegetarian eating pattern, your doctor may recommend changes to help you meet the recommended daily amount of iron. Low intake of iron can happen because of blood loss, consuming less than the recommended daily amount of iron, and medical conditions that make it hard for your body to absorb iron from the gastrointestinal tract GI tract. Injectafer may impact laboratory tests that measure iron in your blood for 24 hours after receiving Injectafer. Not eating enough iron-rich foods, such as meat and fish, may result in you getting less than the recommended daily amount of iron. Fecal occult blood test to check for blood in the stool. In collaboration with the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, we are investigating how best to treat premature newborns with low hemoglobin levels. Advertising revenue supports our not-for-profit mission. Participate in NHLBI Clinical Trials will highlight our ongoing clinical studies that are investigating treatments for iron-deficiency anemia. Causes - Iron-Deficiency Anemia. CBC with differential, blood. Extremely approachable but thorough introduction to the subject. Explore this Health Topic to learn more about iron-deficiency anemia, our role in research and clinical trials to improve health, and where to find more information. These may be used for people with severe iron-deficiency anemia to quickly increase the amount of red blood cells and iron in the blood. It is the red blood cell factory. Different tests help your doctor diagnose iron-deficiency anemia. Blood loss —which can be caused by a number of things including, but not limited to, heavy periods, major surgery or physical trauma, and some gastrointestinal diseases. Because iron-deficiency anemia can make you feel weak, you should be cautious when resuming certain activities, such as physical activity. Call your doctor promptly if you develop symptoms of anemia. Pernicious Anemia. You may be at increased risk for iron deficiency at certain ages: Infants between 6 and 12 months, especially if they are fed only breast milk or are fed formula that is not fortified with iron. Iron-deficiency anemia can range from mild to severe. To find a board-certified veterinary internal medicine specialist, please visit the American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine. Cells in tissues need a steady supply of oxygen to work well. Learn about the current and future NHLBI efforts to improve health through research and scientific discovery. NHLBI resources. Visit our Aplastic Anemia Health Topic to learn more. During pregnancy, after delivery, or when breastfeeding you may be consuming less than the recommended daily amount of iron. Ferritin is a protein inside your cells that stores iron. When the immune system begins destroying RBCs, aggressive therapy is essential to maximize the likelihood of a positive outcome. Other medical conditions. View all news on Iron-Deficiency Anemia. A diet lacking in these and other key nutrients can cause decreased red blood cell production. Tell your doctor if you have any new symptoms or if your symptoms get worse, especially if you experience chest pain or feel your heart is beating irregularly. The immune system is charged with many tasks in the body, one of which is removing from circulation red blood cells that have reached the end of their functional lives. Undiagnosed or untreated iron-deficiency anemia may cause the following complications: Depression Heart problems. It is important to know that increasing your intake of iron may not be enough to replace the iron your body normally stores but has used up. Understanding Anemia Writer Jessica marked it as to-read May 03, Losing a little blood over a long period of time also can lead to anemia. Red blood cell transfusions. It generally takes three to six months to replenish your iron stores. Figure 1. Recent epidemiologic studies have connected the anemia of chronic disease with critical illness, obesity, aging, and kidney failure, as well as with the well-established associations of cancer, chronic infection, and autoimmune disease. Anna Scanlon rated it it was amazing May 20, Athletes, especially young females, are at risk for iron deficiency. Siltuximab for multicentric Castleman's disease: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. These chronic conditions can lead to inflammation that may cause iron-deficiency anemia. If you've been taking oral iron and it isn't working for you, you and your doctor may have discussed an intravenous IV iron treatment like Injectafer. Return to Signs, Symptoms, and Complications to review common signs and symptoms of iron- deficiency anemia. For some other types of anemia, the kid may need to see a specialist and have other tests before treatment can start. Research for Your Health will explain how we are using current research and advancing research to prevent iron-deficiency anemia. Some of the reasons your doctor may prescribe IV iron to treat your IDA could include: Oral iron is not absorbing well in the digestive system. Although many cases of anemia are mild and easily treated, it can be life-threatening if untreated or not treated appropriately. This can make it hard to find the energy to do normal activities. Well, guess what? Seafood, eggs, meat and dairy products contain healthy amounts of the vitamin. Diagnosis will explain tests and procedures that your doctor may use to diagnose iron-deficiency anemia. Consuming less than recommended daily amounts of iron. For this test, a small camera is inserted into the colon under sedation to view the colon directly. Most of the animals were shipped away, but four hippos were left to fend for themselves in a pond, and now there are dozens of them living in the wild. Normal levels are 40 to for men and 20 to for women. Iron deficiency anemia is a common type of anemia — a condition in which blood lacks adequate healthy red blood cells. This is not the moment in time to do it. Repeat blood tests , such as complete blood count and iron studies. This is a sign of more serious iron-deficiency anemia. Symptoms generally worsen as anemia becomes more severe. Increase your intake of vitamin C to help your body absorb iron. This impairs erythroid development and leads to anemia. This was associated with a greater risk of death even with mild anemia. New experimental models. If you have certain risk factors , such as if you are following a vegetarian eating pattern, your doctor may recommend changes to help you meet the recommended daily amount of iron. Spokesman Matt Sparks said the leader wants to lower the temperature and is encouraging members to be mindful of the current environment. Understanding Anemia Reviews Related Content. Normal levels are 40 to for men and 20 to for women. After age 51, both men and women need 8 mg. Diagnosis will explain tests and procedures that your doctor may use to diagnose iron-deficiency anemia. Treating anemia in premature or very small newborns. At your next appointment, share potential symptoms with your doctor and make sure your questions about IDA and potential treatment options get answered. The bone marrow is not able to produce new RBCs quickly enough to replace those that have been destroyed, leading to a decreased number of RBCs in the blood, which in turn leads to a diminished capacity to supply oxygen to tissues throughout the body. Consuming less than recommended daily amounts of iron. He said his concern was driven by the FBI briefings he receives. Tests for arsenic a heavy metal and other toxins Iron tests or tests for vitamin B12 may be done to rule out other causes. Tell your healthcare provider about all the medications you take, including prescription and over-the-counter medicines, vitamins, and herbal supplements. To diagnose iron-deficiency anemia, your doctor may ask you questions about your risk factors , do a physical exam, or order blood tests or other diagnostic tests. Restless legs syndrome Shortness of breath Weakness. Two of the most common causes of inherited hemolytic anemia are sickle cell anemia and thalassemia: Sickle cell anemia is a disorder where the body makes abnormal hemoglobin, which in turn causes red blood cells to become crescent-shaped, sickle cells under certain conditions. Send Us Your Feedback. Well-written and authoritative. Evaluation of Microcytosis. Anemia also can develop if the bone marrow is not working properly. Listen to your heart for rapid or irregular heartbeats. To stop receiving messages text STOP to Some factors that may be involved with bone marrow damage and that can lead to aplastic anemia include:. When your heart has to work harder, this can lead to several conditions: irregular heartbeats called arrhythmias , a heart murmur , an enlarged heart, or even heart failure.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Specialty Ferritin
    Specialty Ferritin Analyte Information 1 2011-04-04 Ferritin Introduction Ferritin is an intracellular iron-binding protein that stores iron and releases it in a controlled fashion. The protein is produced by almost all living organisms, including bacteria and algae. In humans, it acts as a buffer against iron deficiency and iron overload1. Most of the iron stored in the body is bound to ferritin. Ferritin is found in almost all tissues of the body, but especially in hepatocytes in the liver, reticuloendothelial cells in the spleen, skeletal tissue, muscles and bone marrow. The amount of ferritin in the blood correlates well with total iron content in the body. Ferritin (Fig.1) has a molecular weight of 450 kDa. Fig.1: Ferritin1 2 2011-04-04 Structure Ferritin consists of an appoferritin protein shell surrounding a cavity in which relatively large amounts of iron can be stored. The central core holds up to 4500 iron ions in the form of ferric hydroxyphosphate. The appoferritin shell is composed of 24 subunits, which are either light (L) or heavy (H) ferritin chains. The relative proportion of light and heavy chains differs from tissue to tissue. L-rich ferritin is found in the spleen, liver and placenta. H- rich ferritin is found in the heart and in red blood cells. Physiological Function Ferritin is the primary protein responsible for iron storage. In the physiology of iron metabolism, ferritin plays the important role of maintaining iron in a soluble, nontoxic and biologically useful form. It isolates and stores vast quantities of iron and acts as a buffer against normal physiological variation in the iron requirements of tissues2.
    [Show full text]
  • Iron Deficiency and Endurance Athletes By
    The undersigned, appointed by the Vice President of the Graduate School, have examined the dissertation entitled: Iron Deficiency and Endurance Athletes by: Jamin Swift A candidate for the degree of Doctor of Education And hereby certify that in their opinion it is worthy of acceptance April 2018 Approved: Chair: __________________________________________________________________ (Dr. Paul Sturgis, Ed. D, Chair) __________________________________________________________________ (Dr. Doug Ebersold, Ed. D, Committee Member) __________________________________________________________________ (Dr. Lynn Hanrahan, Ed. D, Committee Member) __________________________________________________________________ (Dr. J. Michael Pragman, Ed. D, Committee Member) Iron Deficiency and Endurance Athletes by Jamin Swift A Dissertation Presented to the Faculty of the Graduate College William Woods University in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirement for the Degree Doctor of Education May 2018 3 Abstract The purpose of this study was to explore the various opinions concerning the importance of testing multiple markers of iron status while examining the current knowledge base in relation to the effects of iron depletion on endurance athletes. Contrasting beliefs exist pertaining to the differing methods for screening iron status as well as differing opinions regarding healthy ranges on those assessments. This study utilized an exploratory research approach to determine which diagnostic tests physicians deem most beneficial in determining iron deficiency in endurance
    [Show full text]
  • Volume 1, Chapter 10 – Hematology
    WASHINGTON STATE WIC POLICY AND PROCEDURE MANUAL VOLUME 1, CHAPTER 10 Hematology DOH 960-105 March 2014 In accordance with Federal law and Department of Agriculture USDA policy, this institution is prohibited from discriminating on the basis of race, color, national origin, sex, age, or disability. To file a complaint of discrimination, write USDA, Director, Office of Adjudication, 1400 Independence Avenue, SW, Washington, D.C. 20250-9410 or call toll free (866) 632-9992 (Voice). Individuals who are hearing impaired or have speech disabilities may contact USDA through the Federal Relay Service at (800) 877-8339; or (800) 845-6136 (Spanish). USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. Washington State WIC Nutrition Program does not discriminate. For persons with disabilities, this document is available on request in other formats. To submit a request, please call 1-800-841-1410 (TDD/TTY 711). DOH 960-105 March 2014 CHAPTER 10 HEMATOLOGY TABLE OF CONTENTS Section 1 - Licenses ........................................................................................................................1 The WIC Clinic as a Medical Test Site ...............................................................................1 Medical Assistants ...............................................................................................................3 Section 2 - When to Assess Clients' Iron Status ..........................................................................5 Assess Iron Status of Infants Certified from Birth through Five Months
    [Show full text]
  • Sourcebook in Forensic Serology, Immunology, and Biochemistry: Unit
    U. S. Department of Justice National Institute of Justice Sourcebook in Forensic Serology, Immunology, and Biochemistry Unit M:Banslations of Selected Contributions to the Original Literature of Medicolegal Examinations of Blood and Body Fluids - a publication of the National Institute of Justice About the National Institute of Justice The National lnstitute of Justice is a research branch of the U.S. Department of Justice. The Institute's mission is to develop knowledge about crime. its causes and control. Priority is given to policy-relevant research that can yield approaches and information State and local agencies can use in preventing and reducing crime. Established in 1979 by the Justice System Improvement Act. NIJ builds upon the foundation laid by the former National lnstitute of Law Enforcement and Criminal Justice. the first major Federal research program on crime and justice. Carrying out the mandate assigned by Congress. the National lnstitute of Justice: Sponsors research and development to improve and strengthen the criminal justice system and related civil justice aspects, with a balanced program of basic and applied research. Evaluates the effectiveness of federally funded justice improvement programs and identifies programs that promise to be successful if continued or repeated. Tests and demonstrates new and improved approaches to strengthen the justice system, and recommends actions that can be taken by Federal. State. and local governments and private organbations and individuals to achieve this goal. Disseminates information from research. demonstrations, evaluations. and special prograrris to Federal. State. and local governments: and serves as an international clearinghouse of justice information. Trains criminal justice practitioners in research and evaluation findings.
    [Show full text]
  • Iron Deficiency Anemia in Chronic Liver Disease: Etiopathogenesis, Diagnosis and Treatment
    REVIEW ARTICLE Annals of Gastroenterology (2017) 30, 1-9 Iron deficiency anemia in chronic liver disease: etiopathogenesis, diagnosis and treatment Eleana Gkamprela, Melanie Deutsch, Dimitrios Pectasides University of Athens, Hippokration General Hospital, Athens Abstract Chronic liver disease is accompanied by multiple hematological abnormalities. Iron deficiency anemia is a frequent complication of advanced liver disease. The etiology is multifactorial, mostly due to chronic hemorrhage into the gastrointestinal tract. The diagnosis of iron deficiency anemia is very challenging, as simple laboratory methods, including serum iron, ferritin, transferrin saturation (Tsat), and mean corpuscular volume are affected by the liver disease itself or the cause of the disease, resulting in difficulty in the interpretation of the results. Several new parameters, such as red blood cell ferritin, serum transferrin receptor test and index, and hepcidin, have been studied for their utility in indicating true iron deficiency in combination with chronic liver disease. Once iron deficiency anemia is diagnosed, it should be treated with oral or parenteral iron as well as portal pressure reducing drugs. Blood transfusion is reserved for symptomatic anemia despite iron supplementation. Keywords Iron deficiency anemia, homeostasis, hepcidin, ferritin, chronic liver disease, cirrhosis Ann Gastroenterol 2017; 30 (4): 1-9 Introduction cholesterol loading of the red blood cell membrane, which results in spiculated erythrocytes with a short lifespan, called Chronic liver disease (CLD) of any cause is frequently acanthocytes [2,3]. associated with hematological abnormalities. Among these, In patients with chronic hepatitis C, the standard of care anemia is a frequent occurrence, seen in about 75% of patients until recently, namely treatment with pegylated interferon in with advanced liver disease.
    [Show full text]
  • Biomarkers for Assessing and Managing Iron Deficiency Anemia in Late-Stage Chronic Kidney Disease: Future Research Needs Future Research Needs Paper Number 33
    Future Research Needs Paper Number 33 Biomarkers for Assessing and Managing Iron Deficiency Anemia in Late-Stage Chronic Kidney Disease: Future Research Needs Future Research Needs Paper Number 33 Biomarkers for Assessing and Managing Iron Deficiency Anemia in Late-Stage Chronic Kidney Disease: Future Research Needs Identification of Future Research Needs From Comparative Effectiveness Review No. 83 Prepared for: Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality U.S. Department of Health and Human Services 540 Gaither Road Rockville, MD 20850 www.ahrq.gov Contract No. 290-2007-10055-I Prepared by: Tuft Evidence-based Practice Center Boston, MA Investigators: Mei Chung, Ph.D., M.P.H. Jeffrey A. Chan, B.S. Denish Moorthy, M.B.B.S., M.S. Nira Hadar, M.S. Sara J. Ratichek, M.A. Thomas W. Concannon, Ph.D. Joseph Lau, M.D. AHRQ Publication No. 13-EHC038-EF January 2013 This report is based on research conducted by the Tufts Evidence-based Practice Center (EPC) under contract to the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ), Rockville, MD (Contract No. 290-2007-10055-I). The findings and conclusions in this document are those of the author(s), who are responsible for its contents; the findings and conclusions do not necessarily represent the views of AHRQ. Therefore, no statement in this report should be construed as an official position of AHRQ or of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. The information in this report is intended to help health care researchers and funders of research make well-informed decisions in designing and funding research and thereby improve the quality of health care services.
    [Show full text]
  • Blood Chemistry Manual! Genesis School of Natural Health © 2015 Sharlene Peterson, B.S
    ! Blood Chemistry Manual! ! Genesis School of Natural Health © 2015 !Sharlene Peterson, B.S. Biology, MH, HHP ! ! ! ! Blood tests primarily show patterns. Your clients will often bring a copy of their blood tests and on occasion you may suggest they get one. This manual is a compilation from several sources to help determine which organs and/or systems may need support. The Optimal Range may be higher or lower than the Pathological (Lab) Range. If you see number values that are considerably different from the Optimal Range listed in this manual they may be using a different unit of measure. Milligrams per deciliter, mg/dL, is a unit of measure that shows the concentration of a substance in a specific amount of fluid. In the !United States, blood glucose test results are reported as mg/dL.! There are many limitations in blood testing so don’t use most of your client’s time studying the results. Look for border-line numbers and the obvious highs and lows which will be tagged by the laboratory. For the natural health professional, blood values help determine if the body is struggling to maintain homeostasis. Garrett Smith NMD CSCS BS gives a great !statement on the limitations - NMD is a naturopathic MEDICAL doctor degree:! “The problem is, testing the blood for that “snapshot” is very dependent on many things, including but not limited to the day of the month, the dawn phenomenon, time of day, (intermittent) fasting, and hydration. Then, the body does its best to maintain the main electrolyte mineral (calcium, magnesium, sodium, potassium) levels in the blood, or else the heart rhythm is very quickly affected in negative ways.
    [Show full text]
  • Your Guide to Anemia
    YOUR GUIDE TO Anemia Healthy AnemiaLifestyle Changes Prevent n Treat n Control Iron-Deficiency Anemia Pernicious Anemia Aplastic Anemia Hemolytic Anema YOUR GUIDE TO Anemia Healthy AnemiaLifestyle Changes Prevent n Treat n Control Iron-Deficiency Anemia Pernicious Anemia Aplastic Anemia Hemolytic Anema NIH Publication No. 11-7629 September 2011 Contents Introduction . 1 . Anemia . .2 What Is Anemia? . 2 What Causes Anemia? . 4 Making Too Few Red Blood Cells . .5 Destroying Too Many Red Blood Cells . 6 Losing Too Many Red Blood Cells . 7 Signs and Symptoms of Anemia . 8 Diagnosing Anemia . 10 Medical and Family Histories . 10 Physical Exam . 11 Tests and Procedures . 11 Treating Anemia . 14 Types of Anemia . 16 . Iron-Deficiency Anemia . 16 What Is Iron-Deficiency Anemia and What Causes It? . 17 Who Is At Risk for Iron-Deficiency Anemia? . 19 What Are the Signs and Symptoms of Iron-Deficiency Anemia? . 24 How Is Iron-Deficiency Anemia Diagnosed? . 25 . How Is Iron-Deficiency Anemia Treated? . 26 Pernicious Anemia . 28 What Is Pernicious Anemia and What Causes It? . .28 . Who Is At Risk for Pernicious Anemia? . 29 What Are the Signs and Symptoms of Pernicious Anemia? .30 How Is Pernicious Anemia Diagnosed? . .32 How Is Pernicious Anemia Treated? . 33 Aplastic Anemia . 34 What Is Aplastic Anemia and What Causes It? . .34 Who Is At Risk for Aplastic Anemia? . 36 What Are the Signs and Symptoms of Aplastic Anemia? . 36 How Is Aplastic Anemia Diagnosed? . .37 Contents How Is Aplastic Anemia Treated? . 38 Hemolytic Anemia . 41 What Is Hemolytic Anemia and What Causes It? . 41 Who Is At Risk for Hemolytic Anemia? .
    [Show full text]
  • Diagnostic Work-Up of Iron Deficiency Diagnostisches Vorgehen Bei Eisenmangel
    J Lab Med 2004;28(5):391–399 ᮊ 2004 by Walter de Gruyter • Berlin • New York. DOI 10.1515/LabMed.2004.054 Ha¨ matologie Redaktion: T. Nebe Diagnostic work-up of iron deficiency Diagnostisches Vorgehen bei Eisenmangel Georgia Metzgeroth and Jan Hastka unterschiedliche Stadien erfassen. Durch Bestimmung von mehreren Parametern ist es mo¨ glich, den Eisensta- III. Medizinische Universita¨ tsklinik, Klinikum Mannheim, tus einer Person pra¨ zis zu charakterisieren und den Universita¨ t Heidelberg, Germany Schweregrad des Eisenmangels genau einzustufen. Von besonderem klinischem Interesse sind neuere Parameter Abstract der eisendefizita¨ ren Erythropoese: das Zinkprotoporphy- rin (ZPP), die lo¨ slichen Transferrinrezeptoren (sTfR), die Iron deficiency (ID) is defined as a diminished total body hypochromen Erythrozyten (Hypo) und das Retikulozy- iron content. Three degrees of severity have been tenha¨ moglobin (CHr). ZPP kann als ein zuverla¨ ssiger und defined: storage iron depletion (stage I), iron-deficient preiswerter Screeningparameter des gesamten Eisen- erythropoiesis (stage II), and iron deficiency anemia stoffwechsels verwendet werden, indem es das Endsta- (stage III). When assessing the patient’s iron status, it is dium der Ha¨ msynthese u¨ berwacht. Die Bestimmung der important to bear in mind that each of the various iron sTfR-Konzentration erlaubt die Differenzierung zwischen tests indicate something different in terms of ID. As they einem echten Eisenmangel und Eisenverwertungssto¨ run- detect different stages of ID, the parameters efficiently gen bei Ana¨ mien der chronischen Erkrankung (ACD). complement each other to characterize the iron status in Hypo und CHr scheinen die besten Parameter zu sein, the individual patient. Of particular clinical interest are um Eisenmangel bei Ha¨ modialysepatienten unter Eryth- newer iron tests of the iron-deficient erythropoiesis: zinc ropoietintherapie zu diagnostizieren.
    [Show full text]
  • The Work-Up and Diagnosis of Acute and Chronic Liver Disease
    Welcome to the Webinar Screening for Liver Disease: The work-up and diagnosis of acute and chronic liver disease Robert G. Gish MD Today’s presentation: Speaker: Robert G. Gish MD Program Logistics Orange button • Collapses window • Expands window Asking questions • Expand the window • Type your question • Hit “send” Disclosures None 4 Who should be tested for liver disease? • Symptoms based • Risk based • Referral due to elevated liver tests on blood tests • Referral due to abnormal liver imaging 5 Consider Liver Disease Testing : • All patients with metabolic syndrome – Test for NASH and hemochromatosis • Patients with risk history, high risk sex or drug use, HCV HBV HIV • Immigrant populations; HBV HCV • Birth cohort: HCV • All adults: HCV • Psychiatric disorders: Wilson Disease • Lung disease: Alpha-1 • Autoimmune disease? Do AIH work up 6 Mandatory Liver Disease Testing : • Jaundiced patient • Large liver on physical exam • Signs of cirrhosis/CLD • Abnormal liver imaging • History or current of abnormal liver tests • RUQ pain • Family history of liver disease 7 Liver Tests “ Liver Panel “ • AST, ALT • Alkaline Phosphatase • GGT • Bilirubin • Albumin True “liver function tests” • INR (P.T.) – Also: Lactate, glucose, cholesterol, clotting factors/TEG – (Ammonia very poor liver function test, poor correlation with encephalopathy status) 8 Evaluation of Abnormal Liver Enzyme Tests • First step is to repeat the test!! – Many many things can cause a one-time elevation of liver tests – Mild elevations should be monitored for at least 1-
    [Show full text]
  • Total Iron and Iron-Binding Capacity Test
    The Great Plains Laboratory, Inc. Rust Brain The Dangers of Excess Iron and Hemochromatosis Although low iron can lead to anemia, excess iron is equally important as a factor that can affect virtually every aspect of health. The most common cause of excess iron is a genetic disorder called hemochromatosis, which can affect people at any age. It has been diagnosed in newborns up to the very elderly. Pregnant women with hemochromatosis may lose developing children who may have inherited the disease. The disease is most frequently diagnosed in males over 50 since the iron deposition in the tissues accumulates slowly, but may occur in much younger men who take iron supplements or who eat large amounts of red meat. Hemochromatosis causes the absorption of iron to be increased. 10-12.5% of Two common genetic SNPs for this exist and the high prevalence of individuals with two copies makes this the most common genetic disease the population in many countries. With an incidence of 1 in 200 live births, hemochromatosis affects 1.5 million people in the United States. Approximately, 10-12.5% of are carriers for the population are carriers for the most common mutations. Carriers have hemochromatosis much higher iron levels than people without the mutations. Men are many times more affected than women. Presumably, individuals with limited genetic SNPs dietary sources of iron in the past were at a selective evolutionary advantage so that this mutation allowed them to thrive on an iron deficient diet. Even individuals with a single copy of one of the hemochromatosis genes may develop the disease if they have a very high iron intake from the diet.
    [Show full text]
  • Iron Deficiency Anaemia
    WHO/NHD/01.3 This document deals primarily with AnaemiaIron Deficiency Distribution: General indicators for monitoring interventions to English only combat iron deficiency, including iron deficiency anaemia, but it also reviews the current methods of assessing and preventing iron deficiency in the light of recent significant scientific advances. Criteria for defining IDA, and the public severity of anaemia based on prevalence estimates, are provided. Approaches to obtaining dietary information, and guidance in designing Iron Deficiency Anaemia national iron deficiency prevention programmes, are presented. Assessment, Prevention, and Control A Strategies for preventing iron deficiency through food-based approaches, i.e. A guide for programme managers dietary improvement or modification and fortification, and a schedule for A using iron supplements to control iron guide for program deficiency and to treat mild-to-moderate iron deficiency anaemia, are discussed. For each strategy, desirable actions are outlined and criteria are suggested for assessment of the intervention. United Nations Children’s Fund Attention is given to micronutrient m complementarities in programme e m implementation, e.g., the particularly anagers close link between the improvement United Nations University of iron status and that of vitamin A. Finally, this document recommends World Health Organization action-oriented research on the control of iron deficiency, providing guidance in undertaking feasibility studies on iron fortification in most countries. ID WHO/NHD/01.3 This document deals primarily with AnaemiaIron Deficiency Distribution: General indicators for monitoring interventions to English only combat iron deficiency, including iron deficiency anaemia, but it also reviews the current methods of assessing and preventing iron deficiency in the light of recent significant scientific advances.
    [Show full text]