Running Head: ADAPTIVE TRAITS ASSOCIATED with PSYCHOPATHY
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Hypersexuality in Neurological Disorders
HYPERSEXUALITY IN NEUROLOGICAL DISORDERS NATALIE AHMAD MAHMOUD TAYIM A thesis submitted to the Institute of Neurology in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) University College London January 2019 Declaration of originality I, Natalie Ahmad Mahmoud Tayim, confirm that the work presented in this thesis is my own. Where information has been derived from other sources, I confirm that this has been indicated in the thesis. _________________________________ Natalie Ahmad Mahmoud Tayim ii Abstract The issue of hypersexuality in neurological disorders is grossly underreported. More research has been done into sexual dysfunction (outside of hypersexuality) in neurological disorders such as erectile dysfunction and hyposexuality (loss of libido). Furthermore, in Parkinson’s disease research, most mention of hypersexuality has been in conjunction with other impulse control disorders and has therefore not been examined in depth on its own. Although in recent years hypersexuality has become more recognized as an issue in research, there is still very limited information regarding its manifestations, impact, and correlates. It is therefore important to explore this area in detail in order to broaden understanding associated with this sensitive issue. Perhaps in doing so, barriers will be broken and the issue will become more easily discussed and, eventually, more systematically assessed and better managed. This thesis aims to serve as an exploratory paper examining prevalence, clinical phenomenology, impact, and potential feasible psychological interventions for hypersexuality in patients with neurological disorders and their carers. The thesis is divided into three main studies: 1. Study I: systematic review assessing prevalence, clinical phenomenology, successful treatment modalities, implicated factors contributing to the development, and assessment tools for hypersexuality in specific neurological disorders. -
The Patients Psychiatrists Dislike
See discussions, stats, and author profiles for this publication at: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/19932548 Personality disorder: The patients psychiatrists dislike ARTICLE in THE BRITISH JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY · AUGUST 1988 Impact Factor: 7.99 · DOI: 10.1192/bjp.153.1.44 · Source: PubMed CITATIONS READS 183 83 2 AUTHORS, INCLUDING: Glyn Lewis University of London 515 PUBLICATIONS 19,434 CITATIONS SEE PROFILE Available from: Glyn Lewis Retrieved on: 04 February 2016 Personality disorder: the patients psychiatrists dislike G Lewis and L Appleby The British Journal of Psychiatry 1988 153: 44-49 Access the most recent version at doi:10.1192/bjp.153.1.44 References Article cited in: http://bjp.rcpsych.org/cgi/content/abstract/153/1/44#otherarticles Reprints/ To obtain reprints or permission to reproduce material from this paper, please write permissions to [email protected] You can respond http://bjp.rcpsych.org/cgi/eletter-submit/153/1/44 to this article at Email alerting Receive free email alerts when new articles cite this article - sign up in the box at the service top right corner of the article or click here Downloaded bjp.rcpsych.org on July 11, 2011 from Published by The Royal College of Psychiatrists To subscribe to The British Journal of Psychiatry go to: http://bjp.rcpsych.org/subscriptions/ British Journal of Psychiatry (1988), 153, 44—49 Personality Disorder: The Patients Psychiatrists Dislike GLYN LEWISand LOUISAPPLEBY A sample of psychiatrists was asked to read a case vignette and indicate likely management and attitudes to the patient on a number of semantic-differential scales. -
ADHD Parents Medication Guide Revised July 2013
ADHD Parents Medication Guide Revised July 2013 Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder Prepared by: American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry and American Psychiatric Association Supported by the Elaine Schlosser Lewis Fund Physician: ___________________________________________________ Address: ___________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ Phone: ___________________________________________________ Email: ___________________________________________________ ADHD Parents Medication Guide – July 2013 2 Introduction Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by difficulty paying attention, excessive activity, and impulsivity (acting before you think). ADHD is usually identified when children are in grade school but can be diagnosed at any time from preschool to adulthood. Recent studies indicate that almost 10 percent of children between the ages of 4 to 17 are reported by their parents as being diagnosed with ADHD. So in a classroom of 30 children, two to three children may have ADHD.1,2,3,4,5 Short attention spans and high levels of activity are a normal part of childhood. For children with ADHD, these behaviors are excessive, inappropriate for their age, and interfere with daily functioning at home, school, and with peers. Some children with ADHD only have problems with attention; other children only have issues with hyperactivity and impulsivity; most children with ADHD have problems with all three. As they grow into adolescence and young adulthood, children with ADHD may become less hyperactive yet continue to have significant problems with distraction, disorganization, and poor impulse control. ADHD can interfere with a child’s ability to perform in school, do homework, follow rules, and develop and maintain peer relationships. When children become adolescents, ADHD can increase their risk of dropping out of school or having disciplinary problems. -
Emotional Deficiency and Psychopathy 569
I I I Behavioral Sciences and the Law I Behav. Sci. Law 18: 567- 580 (2000) Emotional Deficiency and I Psychopathy Sabine C. Herpertz, M.D.* and Henning Sass, I M.D. Aside from an antisocial life-style, the concept of psychopathy is based on character features which can be I described in terms of specl.fi.c patterns of interpersonal, behavioral, and, in particular, affective characteristics. Concluding from studies which have dealt with the I affective domain in psychopaths, emotional deficiency may predispose to violence in several ways. (1) Poor conditioning implicates a failure to review the harmful consequences of one's actions leading to a deficit of I avoidance behavior. (2) Emotional detachment prevents experiencing feeUngs, which naturally inhibit the acting out of violent impulses. (3) Emotional deficiency is closely associated with a general underarousal, leading I to sensation seeking. Current data suggest that there may be a close association between difficulties in emotional processing and poor prefrontal functioning. From . a psychosocial perspective, psychopaths were I shown to have been exposed to severe familial and societal difficulties. Whether biological or environmental factors dominate in the etiology of this personality dis I order, psychopathy does not per se justify the assump tion of decreased legal responsibility. Copyright «;;> 2000 I John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. HISTORY OF THE CONCEPT OF PSYCHOPATHY I The concept of psychopathy results from a confluence of views entertained in the French, German, and Anglo-American psychiatric traditions (see Table 1). Pinel's description of a "Mania sans delire", which was mainly characterized by emotional instability and social drift, can be looked upon as the beginning of I the scientific study of personality disorders (Sass & Herpertz, 1995). -
The Mediating Role of Emotion Dysregulation in Psychopathy
THE MEDIATING ROLE OF EMOTION DYSREGULATION IN PSYCHOPATHY AND BORDERLINE TRAITS A Thesis By BRITTANY NICOLE PENSON Submitted to the Office of Graduate and Professional Studies of Texas A&M University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of MASTER OF SCIENCE Chair of Committee, John F. Edens Committee Members, Steven Woltering Brandon J. Schmeichel Head of Department, Heather C. Lench May 2017 Major Subject: Psychology Copyright 2017 Brittany Nicole Penson ABSTRACT Research over the last several decades has more clearly specified the nature of the relationships between emotion regulation and various pathologies. For example, a growing body of literature suggests that psychopathic traits show divergent associations with emotion dysregulation. Among men, interpersonal-affective features of psychopathy (e.g., social dominance and fearlessness) demonstrate a negative relationship with emotion dysregulation; whereas impulsive-antisocial characteristics show a positive association. However, such findings have yet to be demonstrated with women, whose presentation of core psychopathic traits is thought to differ from men. In particular, research has pointed to borderline personality traits, to which emotion dysregulation is a core feature, to be closely linked to psychopathic traits in women. The current study sought to extend the literature concerning the relationship between emotion dysregulation and psychopathy by examining this association as a function of gender. Additionally, the current study examined the mediating role emotion dysregulation plays in the relationship between borderline personality traits and psychopathy as it relates to the phenotypic expression of psychopathy across men and women. The results of the present study reveal the same divergent pattern of emotion dysregulation and psychopathic traits in women as in men. -
“Ecstasy” (MDMA) Is Associated with Elevated Impulsivity Michael J
Recreational Use of “Ecstasy” (MDMA) Is Associated with Elevated Impulsivity Michael J. Morgan, Ph.D. Recent preclinical evidence suggests that repeated exposure larger sample of participants were administered mood (the to 3, 4-methylenedioxy-methamphetamine (MDMA; General Health Questionnaire or GHQ) and personality “ecstasy”) produces long-term reductions in serotonin (5- (IVE) questionnaires before the administration of a TOL HT) levels. 5-HT has been implicated in the regulation of test, followed by the MFF20, and a second TOL test. mood, anxiety, aggression, impulsivity, and cognition. Although there were no group differences in TOL Accordingly, in the first of two separate studies, these performance, ecstasy users were again found to commit variables were investigated in three groups: (1) MDMA more errors in the MFF20 than polydrug users. group—recreational ecstasy users (who also used other Furthermore, the GHQ and IVE scores of the ecstasy users illicit substances); (2) polydrug controls—who had never in the second study indicated, respectively, that they were taken ecstasy, but otherwise had drug histories and personal more psychologically disturbed and impulsive than characteristics similar to the ecstasy users; and (3) nondrug nondrug controls. The combined data from the two studies controls—who had never used illicit drugs, but had similar indicated that ecstasy users exhibited elevated impulsivity personal characteristics. All participants completed mood on both self-report and behavioral measures and that those (Likert) scales, personality questionnaires (which included who had taken the most ecstasy had the most elevated trait the impulsiveness, venturesomeness and empathy impulsiveness scores. These findings are consistent with questionnaire–IVE), spatial span and “Tower of London” previous evidence that elevated levels of impulsivity in humans (TOL) tests, and a behavioural measure of impulsivity, the are associated with reduced levels of serotonergic function. -
Assessing Construct Overlap Between Secondary Psychopathy and Borderline Personality Disorder
City University of New York (CUNY) CUNY Academic Works All Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects 9-2015 The Sensitive Psychopath: Assessing Construct Overlap Between Secondary Psychopathy and Borderline Personality Disorder Trevor H. Barese Graduate Center, City University of New York How does access to this work benefit ou?y Let us know! More information about this work at: https://academicworks.cuny.edu/gc_etds/851 Discover additional works at: https://academicworks.cuny.edu This work is made publicly available by the City University of New York (CUNY). Contact: [email protected] THE SENSITIVE PSYCHOPATH: ASSESSING CONSTRUCT OVERLAP BETWEEN SECONDARY PSYCHOPATHY AND BORDERLINE PERSONALITY DISORDER By TREVOR H. BARESE A dissertation submitted to the Graduate Faculty in Clinical Psychology in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy, The City University of New York 2015 CONSTRUCT VALIDITY OF SECONDARY PSYCHOPATHY ii © 2015 TREVOR BARESE All Rights Reserved CONSTRUCT VALIDITY OF SECONDARY PSYCHOPATHY iii This manuscript has been read and accepted for the Graduate Faculty in Clinical Psychology in satisfaction of the Dissertation requirement for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Michele Galietta_____________________ _____________________ ___________________________________ Date Chair of Examining Committee Maureen O’Connor___________________ _____________________ ___________________________________ Date Executive Officer Patricia A. Zapf_____________________ Andrew A. Shiva____________________ Barry Rosenfeld_____________________ Stephen D. Hart______________________ Supervisory Committee THE CITY UNIVERSITY OF NEW YORK CONSTRUCT VALIDITY OF SECONDARY PSYCHOPATHY iv Abstract THE SENSITIVE PSYCHOPATH: ASSESSING CONSTRUCT OVERLAP BETWEEN SECONDARY PSYCHOPATHY AND BORDERLINE PERSONALITY DISORDER By Trevor H. Barese Adviser: Professor Michele Galietta The literature suggests substantial overlap between secondary psychopathy and Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD). -
Correlations Between Psychopathic Traits and Bullying in a Sample of University Students
City University of New York (CUNY) CUNY Academic Works Student Theses John Jay College of Criminal Justice Fall 12-2018 The Bully and the Beast: Correlations between Psychopathic Traits and Bullying in a Sample of University Students Nascha Streng CUNY John Jay College, [email protected] How does access to this work benefit ou?y Let us know! More information about this work at: https://academicworks.cuny.edu/jj_etds/97 Discover additional works at: https://academicworks.cuny.edu This work is made publicly available by the City University of New York (CUNY). Contact: [email protected] Running head: PSYCHOPATHIC TRAITS AND BULLYING 1 The Bully and the Beast: Correlations between Psychopathic Traits and Bullying in a Sample of University Students Nascha Streng John Jay College of Criminal Justice of the City University of New York New York, NY January 23, 2019 PSYCHOPATHIC TRAITS AND BULLYING 2 Abstract Bullying is a concept mostly investigated in children, teenagers, and adults within the workplace. While there is research on bullying in college in general, gaps in the literature remain considering how personality characteristics in bullies relate directly to psychopathy and specific psychopathy traits. Although the literature suggests bullies have a tendency towards psychopathic traits such as violence, impulsivity, egocentricity, manipulativeness, rule-breaking, and intolerance, researchers have yet to assess the connection between college students who bully and psychopathy. The research on psychopathy suggests that those high on psychopathic traits may be more prone to use bullying as an apathetic means to acquire dominance and influence over others in accordance to self-interest and personal gain. -
Emotional Intelligence Is Used by Dark Personalities to Emotionally Manipulate Others ⇑ ⇑ Ursa K.J
Personality and Individual Differences xxx (2014) xxx–xxx Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Personality and Individual Differences journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/paid Is there a ‘‘dark intelligence’’? Emotional intelligence is used by dark personalities to emotionally manipulate others ⇑ ⇑ Ursa K.J. Nagler a, ,1, Katharina J. Reiter a, ,1, Marco R. Furtner a, John F. Rauthmann b a Institute of Psychology, Leopold-Franzens Universität Innsbruck, Austria b Institute of Psychology, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Germany article info abstract Article history: Potential ‘‘darker sides’’ of socio-emotional intelligence (SEI) have been repeatedly noted. We examine Available online xxxx whether SEI is associated with emotional manipulation of others when used by dark personalities (Dark Triad: narcissism, Machiavellianism, psychopathy). In N = 594 participants, narcissism was positively, Keywords: Machiavellianism negatively, and psychopathy positively and negatively associated with SEI. Moreover, Emotional manipulation narcissism and psychopathy moderated links between facets of emotional intelligence and emotional Dark Triad manipulation. Findings are discussed in context of a ‘‘dark intelligence’’ used for malicious intents. Narcissism Ó 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. Machiavellianism Psychopathy Emotional intelligence Social intelligence 1. Introduction & Sachse, 2010), including communication competence (e.g., Diez, 1984), social intelligence (e.g., Cantor & Kihlstrom, 1987; Gardner, Are social and emotional skills always used for good intentions? 1993; Guilford, 1967; Thorndike, 1920), and emotional intelligence Potential ‘‘dark sides’’ of socio-emotional intelligence (SEI), such as (e.g., Mayer & Salovey, 1997; Salovey & Mayer, 1990). Not only the emotional manipulation of others (Austin, Farrelly, Black, & interpersonal (e.g., encoding and decoding social information) Moore, 2007), have garnered interest during the last years. -
Child on Child Sexual Abuse Research Study
ChildChild onon ChildChild SexualSexual AbuseAbuse ResearchResearch StudyStudy Julia Blankenship, MSW Kristin P. Winokur, Ph.D JUSTICE RESEARCH CENTER 2898 Mahan Drive, Suite 4 Tallahassee, FL 32308 (850) 521-9900 www.thejrc.com ChildChild onon ChildChild SexualSexual AbuseAbuse StatisticsStatistics Juveniles account for more than one-third of those known to police to have committed sex offenses against minors The most common age of individuals engaging in illegal sexual behavior against children under the age of 12 is 14 years The average age of victims of these offenses is 10 years It is estimated that at least two out of every ten girls and one out of every ten boys are sexually abused by the end of their 13th year ChildChild onon ChildChild SexualSexual AbuseAbuse StatisticsStatistics In FY 2008-09, 619 youths (1,264 referrals) were referred to the Florida Department of Juvenile Justice for a sexual offense (most serious offense), representing less than .05% of all referrals However, according to the National Crime Victimization Study (2008), only about 41% of all rape/sexual assaults are reported to police It is estimated that over 3,000 felony sexual assaults by juveniles occur in Florida per year and that there may be close to 1,500 juvenile felony sexual offenders ChildChild onon ChildChild SexualSexual AbuseAbuse StatisticsStatistics In FY 2008-09, 8,321 children were identified as being either alleged perpetrators or victims of child on child (COC)sexual abuse by the Florida Department of Children and Families (DCF) -
A Brief Overview of Literary Criticism Literary Critical Theory Is a Tool That
A Brief Overview of Literary Criticism Woman Reading Book in a Landscape, Camille Corot Literary Critical Theory is a tool that helps you find meaning in stories, poems and plays. There are many different ways to interpret a novel or short story. When we read literature, we do so to learn more about: ● The human condition ● The experience of loss and death ● The structure of power in society and how it is implemented (including the issues that surround race and gender). ● The psychology of characters and individuals in general ● The sociology and history of cultures that produce specific pieces of literature Literary Theory helps us discover the things listed above in the books and stories we read. So how do you use theory to read a book? Before exploring, in brief, different theories, it is important to develop a reading strategy that will help you form ideas. You should keep a reading notebook and write down ideas and information as you read. Here is a checklist of things to notice: ● Title. How does it pertain to the story? Does it symbolize events or people in the story? ● Narration: Who is telling the story? How does the narrator approach the topic? ● Subject: What is the basic situation? What is happening to the characters and how are they reacting to events? ● Mood: What is the mood of the story, i.e. the emotional background? How is it expressed in the language and setting? ● Characters: What do the characters learn in the course of the story? What are their failings and how do they overcome them, or not? What is the main character’s desire? Is that desire ever fulfilled? How does the main character change? ● Character Interaction: How do the characters interact in the story? How do they communicate with each other? How do they handle conflict? ● Plot: What are the main events in the plot that lead the character to new insights, or to his or her failure? When you read a book, you can highlight the passages that strike you as significant. -
The Rise and Fall of Self-Esteem: a Critical Review, Reconceptualization, and Recommendations
View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by Pepperdine Digital Commons Pepperdine University Pepperdine Digital Commons Theses and Dissertations 2015 The rise and fall of self-esteem: a critical review, reconceptualization, and recommendations Tamara Shawn Levy Eromo Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.pepperdine.edu/etd Recommended Citation Eromo, Tamara Shawn Levy, "The rise and fall of self-esteem: a critical review, reconceptualization, and recommendations" (2015). Theses and Dissertations. 598. https://digitalcommons.pepperdine.edu/etd/598 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by Pepperdine Digital Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of Pepperdine Digital Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected] , [email protected]. Pepperdine University Graduate School of Education and Psychology THE RISE AND FALL OF SELF-ESTEEM: A CRITICAL REVIEW, RECONCEPTUALIZATION, AND RECOMMENDATIONS A clinical dissertation submitted in partial satisfaction of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Psychology by Tamara Shawn Levy Eromo July, 2015 David A. Levy, Ph.D. – Dissertation Chairperson This clinical dissertation, written by Tamara Shawn Levy Eromo under the guidance of a Faculty Committee and approved by its members, has been submitted to and accepted by the Graduate Faculty in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of DOCTOR OF PSYCHOLOGY Doctoral Committee: David A. Levy, Ph.D., Chairperson Dity Brunn, Psy.D. Anat Cohen, Ph.D. © Copyright by Tamara Shawn Levy Eromo (2015) All Rights Reserved TABLE OF CONTENTS Page LIST OF FIGURES ......................................................................................................................