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Simulation of Ground-Water Flow and Contributing Recharge Areas in the Missouri River Alluvial Aquifer at Kansas City, Missouri and Kansas

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Simulation of Ground-Water Flow and Contributing Recharge Areas in the Missouri River Alluvial Aquifer at Kansas City, Missouri and Kansas Simulation of Ground-Water Flow and Contributing Recharge Areas in the Missouri River Alluvial Aquifer at Kansas City, Missouri and Kansas By Brian P. Kelly U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY Water-Resources Investigations Report 96-4250 Prepared in cooperation with the MID-AMERICA REGIONAL COUNCIL Rolla, Missouri 1996 U.S. DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR BRUCE BABBITT, Secretary U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY Gordon P. Eaton, Director The use pf firm, trade, and brand names in this report is for identification purposes only and does not constitute endorsement by the U.S. Geological Survey. For addtional information write to: Copies of this report can be purchased from: District Chief U.S. Geological Survey U.S. Geological Survey 1400 Independence Road Branch of Information Services Mail Stop 100 Box 25286 Rolla, MO 65401 Denver, CO 80225-0286 CONTENTS Abstract......................................................................................................~^ 1 Introduction........................................................................................................................................................................... 2 Purpose and Scope....................................................................................................................................................... 2 Description of Study Area........................................................................................................................................... 2 Aclmowledgments...........................................................................^ 4 Hydrogeologic Framework.................................................................................................................................................... 4 Physiography and Drainage......................................................................................................................................... 4 Climate......................................................................................................................................................................... 4 Geology....................................................................................................................................................................... 4 Bedrock.............................................................................................................................................................. 5 Alluvial Deposits............................................................................................................................................... 5 Hydrology and Conceptual Model.............................................................................................................................. 5 Hydraulic Properties of the Aquifer.................................................................................................................. 5 Aquifer Boundaries............................................................................................................................................ 19 Rivers and Lakes ..................................................................................................................................... 19 Potentiometric Surface............................................................................................................................ 21 Bedrock.......................................^ 22 Upstream and Downstream Aquifer Boundaries..................................................................................... 22 Well Pumping.......................................................................................................................................... 22 Ground-Water Movement.................................................................................................................................. 23 Simulation of Ground-Water Flow........................................................................................................................................ 23 Model Description......................................................................................................»^ 26 Boundary and Initial Conditions.................................................................................................................................. 26 Hydraulic Properties.................................................................................................................................................... 32 Calibration..............................................................................................................................................................^ 37 Steady State Calibration.................................................................................................................................... 40 Transient Calibration......................................................................................................................................... 42 Sensitivity Analysis.........................................................................................^^ 43 Contributing Recharge Areas ................................................................................................................................................ 46 Pumping and River-Stage Scenarios ........................................................................................................................... 48 Individual Well Field Results...................................................................................................................................... 53 Missouri Cities Water Company........................................................................................................................ 53 Gladstone, Missouri, Well Field........................................................................................................................ 55 Kansas City, Missouri, Well Field..................................................................................................................... 56 North Kansas City, Missouri, Well Field........................................................................................................... 57 Independence, Missouri, Well Field.................................................................................................................. 58 Liberty, Missouri, Well Field............................................................................................................................. 60 Community Water Company Well Field........................................................................................................... 60 Tri-County Water Company Well Field............................................................................................................. 62 Ray County Public Water Supply District Number 2 Well Field...................................................................... 63 Excelsior Springs, Missouri, Well Field............................................................................................................ 63 Lake City Army Ammunition Plant Well Field................................................................................................. 64 Industrial Well Fields...........................^ 65 Effects of Pumping Rates and River Stage on Contributing Recharge Areas............................................................. 68 Summary and Conclusions.................................................................................................................................^ 72 References Cited.................................................................................................................................................................... 73 Contents III PLATES [Plates are at the back of this report] 1. -6. Maps showing: 1. Study area and location of lithologic sections, Missouri River alluvial aquifer at Kansas City, Missouri and Kansas 2. Contributing recharge areas for the low-pumping and low-river stage scenario, Missouri River alluvial aquifer at Kansas City, Missouri and Kansas 3. Contributing recharge areas for the low-pumping and high-river stage scenario, Missouri River alluvial aquifer at Kansas City, Missouri and Kansas 4. Contributing recharge areas for the quasi-steady state scenario, Missouri River alluvial aquifer at Kansas City, Missouri and Kansas 5. Contributing recharge areas for the high-pumping and low-river stage scenario, Missouri River alluvial aquifer at Kansas City, Missouri and Kansas 6. Contributing recharge areas for the high-pumping and high-river stage scenario, Missouri River alluvial aquifer at Kansas City, Missouri and Kansas FIGURES 1. Map showing location of the study area near Kansas City, Missouri and Kansas............................................... 3 2. Map showing altitude of bedrock underlying the Missouri River alluvial aquifer.............................................. 6 3.-14. Lithologic section: 3. A-A.......................................................................................^ 7 4. B-B\.............................................................^ 8 5. E-E\.....................................................^ 9 6. F-F\.............................................................................................._^ 10 7. G-G\......................................................^ 11 8. I-I\...................................................._ 12 9. C-C\.............................................................................................^ 13 10. D-D\..................................................._
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