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SECTOR SPOTLIGHT The multi-billion dollar building automation industry is moving on and up as control systems integrate with the latest IT and Internet technologies to create powerful networked intelligence. Ken Sinclair reports. here was a time when industrial controls and building automation were quite distinct markets for automation vendors, but convergence With the large building automation by both industries to IT methods and market rapidly expanding, demand is Internet technologies has greatly increasing for systems used to provide reduced the gap. Systems for both functions such as: environmental now share many of the same temperature control, indoor air quality components: man-machine interfaces, control & reporting, lighting control, presentation graphics, controllers, energy reporting & control, security sensors, actuators, etc. Although control & monitoring, digital signage, different communication protocols elevator control, parking control, fire exist, the network standard for both & smoke control, life safety. industries is based on Ethernet – According to a 2002 ARC report, because of its low cost, robust nature “Building Automation Systems and global acceptance. Worldwide Outlook”, the global market ■ 18 // INDUSTRIALAUTOMATIONASIA Siemens SECTOR SPOTLIGHT for building automation systems security, energy management/ centres, the demand for large (hardware, software and services) is accounting and facilities management. buildings is on the increase. In set to reach US$24 billion by 2006, up There are additional strengths in comparison, North America already from the US$19 billion registered in the fact that Web-based networked has in place most of its large building 2001. As for the business of operating control systems can ensure building infrastructure, and is now in the such systems once installed, a 2003 energy is purchased at the lowest process of replacing old building Frost & Sullivan report forecast cost from the environmentally automation systems to leverage revenues in the North American correct source and is used to create existing operational resources with facilities management services market the greatest comfort for the least newer presentation and control alone to hit almost US$22 billion by environmental impact. To ensure that features. 2009, up from US$12 billion in 2002. the original system design intent is The Asian market is building at a time when the building automation industry has new cost-effective The global market for building control capabilities. Web-based, sophisticated networked control automation systems is set to reach systems can greatly enhance buildings US$24 billion by 2006. while increasing the intelligence and The author of the ARC report, David Clayton, noted: “As building automation systems become part of a much larger IT infrastructure, systems for handling energy optimisation, ventilation, fire and water alarms, and security are not only communicating with one another, they are also seamlessly sharing critical information between each other. The ability for the various building systems to share critical information in real time greatly expands the opportunities available to facilities managers.” Well-executed network control concepts can reduce HVAC (heating, ventilating and air-conditioning) Rapidly rising: Asian market energy use by 30-50 percent below the demand for large buildings. energy requirements for the same achieved, this same system can equipment using conventional provide real-time feedback and controls. The reach and the value of interaction to the original designers. reducing environmental impact. This control networks in intelligent provides a significant ‘greening’ effect buildings is increasing daily, Asia: Building At The Right Time to both new and existing buildings. connecting interrelated infrastructure In Asia, with rapid economic growth The acceptance of many new functions such as lighting, HVAC, and the development of new urban communication and automation concepts has radically changed the function of large buildings. For example, office hotelling has allowed the sharing of expensive office buildings with an increased number of telecommunicating occupants. To effectively manage such phenomena, coordination of everything is required, ie: phones, workstations, data links, security access etc. Occupants also must have the Siemens ability to interact virtually. The Well-executed network control concepts can greatly reduce HVAC running costs. ongoing virtual interaction with the INDUSTRIALAUTOMATIONASIA // 19 ■ SECTOR SPOTLIGHT isted and defined below • ModBus was originally L are the main standards developed by MODICON, for device networking in the Building now a part of Schneider building automation industry: Electric, and is publicly • BACnet, by definition, is Standards available and relatively a “Data Communication simple, and has been Protocol for Building Automation and Control adopted by thousands of companies, particularly in Networks”, developed by the American Society of commercial and industrial controls. There is a Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers significant installed base in the USA as well as Europe, (ASHRAE). Beyond this simple definition, it is the open and many control system companies use ModBus for (ie: non-proprietary) protocol specification that allows their communication protocols. building automation controllers (heating and air • OPC (OLE for Process Control) is based on the conditioning equipment controllers, lighting systems, Microsoft COM (Component Object Model) and security systems, fire and life safety systems, irrigation OLE (Object Linking and Embedding) software systems, elevator systems and any other type of architectures. It was created by a group of industrial microprocessor based controller in a modern building) automation vendors working together with Microsoft. made by different manufacturers to communicate and The protocol enables integrators to connect disparate share information with each other. systems together, creating robust solutions and • LonWorks was developed by developed by providing true interoperability, while reducing Echelon Corporation of California to provide communi- implementation time and costs. In addition, OPC cations between devices such as sensors and actuators enables a fully scalable solution for future changes used in building automation systems. LonWorks and expansion. technology allows all manner of control devices to Currently there are hundreds of commercial off- communicate with one another through a common the-shelf OPC products available that will provide communication protocol. Communication transceivers connectivity to every major control system on the and transport mechanisms are standardised, as are market. OPC servers are available for many systems object models and programming/troubleshooting and protocols, including Modbus, BACnet, LonWorks, tools, to enable the rapid design and implementation Johnson Controls, and others. Furthermore, there are of interoperable, LonWorks-based devices. hundreds of OPC client-enabled applications to The LonTalk protocol underpins device and system choose from including HMIs, visualisation and communication, and the LONMARK Interoperability reporting tools, preventive and predictive maintenance Association oversees aspects of device communication packages, HVAC, lighting controls, security applications through the creation of device profiles. and many more. eBuilding Centre Control Room BACnet enables Internet Remote BA/SA Server Station interoperability A-Studio HMI Server between building Internet automation BACnet control products. VBOX-3200 ADAM-6500 UNO-2050 UNO-2050 UNO-2050 ADAM-6022 Digital Facility DDC Web-based Access ADAM-4000 PTZ Video Manager Controller Temperature Controller Remote I/O Camera Recorder Controller Single-door Multi-door Access Access Up to 16 Channels ADAM-6000 Smart Web I/O ADAM-5000/TCP Camera Ethernet I/0 Ethernet-based CCTV System Access Control Facility Management DDC Control System Advantech ■ 20 // INDUSTRIALAUTOMATIONASIA SECTOR SPOTLIGHT building by both occupants and is reproduced here: the oBIX guidelines the potential to designers leads to improved “The Building Controls industry has become the standard of choice to sustainability while increasing the made great strides over the last 10 unify operating data from diverse overall real and perceived value of years in the creation of communications systems the building. standards. Both BACnet and LonTalk Similarly, at the AHR (Air- These concepts are a part of not are now viable, commercially accepted Conditioning, Heating, Refrigerating) only intelligent buildings, but also solutions that provide owners with Expo show in Chicago in 2003, there intelligent communities, and intelligent open communications. Yet while we was unified acceptance of Web-based facility management. The new market have made great progress in these solutions in addition to a strong in Asia has the opportunity and areas as an industry, there has been acceptance and connection to the potential to lead the world with an emergence of a larger, more evolving digital office standards, by exciting new, fully implemented globally accepted standard created by all automation hardware and software intelligent communities. This is the world of Information Technology. vendors. In addition to the direct IT possible through the expansion of the In particular the broad acceptance and solution for the industry, new large building infrastructures during ever lowering