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[Yaroslavl State Pedagogical University. KD Ushinsky], 2009 Международный научно-исследовательский журнал ▪ № 1 (67) ▪ Часть 4 ▪ Январь pedagogicheskij universitet im. K.D. Ushinskogo [Yaroslavl State Pedagogical University. K.D. Ushinsky], 2009. – 24 p. [in Russian] 8. Nefedova E. A. Leksiko-semanticheskoe var'irovanie v prostranstve dialekta: [Lexico-semantic variation in the space of the dialect] avtoref. dis. ... of PhD in Philology / Nefedova Elena Alekseevna. – Moskva : Moskovskij gos. un-t im. M.V. Lomonosova [Moscow State University Lomonosov], 2008. – 51 p. [in Russian] 9. Il'inskaja N. G. Ryboloveckaja leksika v govorah kamchadalov [Fishing Language in the dialects of the Kamchadals] / N. G. Il'inskaja, N.G. Olesova. – Moskva : Maks-Press, 2011. – 447 p. [in Russian] 10. Slovar' russkogo jazyka [Dictionary of the Russian language] : v 4 tomah / Akad. nauk SSSR [Academy of Sciences of the USSR], In-t jazykoznanija [Institute of Linguistics]; editorial board : S. G. Barhudarov (chm) [and others]. – Moskva : Gosudarstvennoe izdatel'stvo inostrannyh i nacional'nyh slovarej [State Publishing House of Foreign and National Dictionaries], 1957 – 1961. V. 1 : A–J / edited by A. P. Evgen'eva. – 1957. – 964 p. [in Russian] 11. Slovar' russkogo jazyka [Dictionary of the Russian language] : v 4 tomah / Akad. nauk SSSR [Academy of Sciences of the USSR], In-t jazykoznanija [Institute of Linguistics]; editorial board : S. G. Barhudarov, A. P. Evgen'eva (chm) [and others]. – Moskva : Gosudarstvennoe izdatel'stvo inostrannyh i nacional'nyh slovarej [State Publishing House of Foreign and National Dictionaries], 1957 – 1961. V. 2 : K–O / [edited by G. P. Knjaz'kova and others]. – 1958. – 1014 p. [in Russian] 12. Slovar' russkogo jazyka [Dictionary of the Russian language] : v 4 tomah / Akad. nauk SSSR [Academy of Sciences of the USSR], In-t jazykoznanija [Institute of Linguistics] ; editorial board : S. G. Barhudarov, A. P. Evgen'eva (chm) [and others]. – Moskva : Gosudarstvennoe izdatel'stvo inostrannyh i nacional'nyh slovarej [State Publishing House of Foreign and National Dictionaries], 1957 – 1961. V. 3 : P–R / [edited by V. V. Rozanova, I. I. Matveev]. – 1959. – 992 p. [in Russian] 13. Slovar' russkogo jazyka [Dictionary of the Russian language] : v 4 tomah / Akad. nauk SSSR [Academy of Sciences of the USSR], In-t jazykoznanija [Institute of Linguistics] ; editorial board : A. P. Evgen'eva (chm) [and others]. – Moskva : Gosudarstvennoe izdatel'stvo inostrannyh i nacional'nyh slovarej [State Publishing House of Foreign and National Dictionaries], 1957 – 1961. V. 4 : S–Ja / edited by L. L. Kutina, V. V. Zamkova. – 1961. – 1088 p. [in Russian] DOI: https://doi.org/10.23670/IRJ.2018.67.121 Могиленко Н.С. ORCID: 0000-0001-9805-2949, Вологодский институт права и экономики ФСИН России АНГЛОЯЗЫЧНЫЙ ПЕНИТЕНЦИАРНЫЙ СОЦИОЛЕКТ: НЕКОТОРЫЕ ЛИНГВОКУЛЬТУРОЛОГИЧЕСКИЕ ОСОБЕННОСТИ Аннотация В данной статье анализируются особенности англоязычного пенитенциарного социолекта с лингвокультурологической точки зрения. В статье приводятся определения основных понятий, связанных с темой исследования. Автор подчеркивает, что лексикон пенитенциарной субкультуры отражает жизненные установки и ценности ее представителей. Анализ различных типов метафоры способствует расширению представления о внутреннем мире, понятиях англоязычных осужденных и их отношении к реалиям тюремного окружения. Ключевые слова: антропологическая парадигма, лингвокультурология, культура, субстандартная номинация, субкультура, пенитенциарный социолект, антропометафора, топоним, религиометафора, зоометафора. Mogilenko N.S. ORCID: 0000-0001-9805-2949, Vologda Institute of Law and Economics of the Federal Penitentiary Service of Russia THE ENGLISH PENITENTIARY SOCIOLECT: SOME LINGUISTIC-CULTURAL PECULIARITIES Abstract The article is devoted to the analysis of peculiarities of the English penitentiary sociolect from the linguistic-cultural point of view. The article clarifies the definitions of the basic concepts associated with the research issue. The author emphasizes that the vocabulary of the penitentiary subculture reflects life principles and values of its representatives. The analysis of different types of metaphor promotes clear representation of the inner world and concepts of the convicted and their relation to prison environment. Keywords: anthropological paradigm, lingvoculturology, culture, substandard nomination, subculture, penitentiary sociolect, anthropometaphor, toponym, religiometaphor, zoometaphor. роблемы «язык как общественное явление», «язык и культура», «взаимодействие языка, человека и П культуры» занимают умы немалого числа отечественных и зарубежных лингвистов на протяжении долгого времени. Любое новое знание, событие либо явление, имеющее какое-либо значение для человека и общества, обязательно фиксируется в языке, получает свое название и закрепляется в их сознании. Любое вмешательство в язык, с другой стороны, обусловлено развитием общества в различных сферах жизни. Политические, экономические, научные, социальные, спортивные и другие вопросы неизменно замечаются обществом и пополняют его словарно- понятийный запас. Язык помогает разобраться в самом человеке, в его отношении к окружающему миру, и представить его как определенную личность. Уфимцева А.А. полагает, что «язык фиксирует концептуальный мир человека, имеющий своим первоначальным источником реальный мир и деятельность в нем» [1, С. 120]. Ч. Далецкий поддерживает данное мнение, добавляя, что «посредством языка человек выражает свое отношение к миру, внутреннее намерение и 115 Международный научно-исследовательский журнал ▪ № 1 (67) ▪ Часть 4 ▪ Январь готовность к деятельности, реализует свои мыслительные процессы и имеет возможность предупредить окружающих о принятии решения» [2, С. 391]. В течение последних десятилетий лингвисты сосредоточили большую часть своего внимания на антропологической парадигме, что предполагает изучение языка в тесной связи со всеми аспектами жизни и деятельности человека. В.В. Красных подчеркивает, что сейчас исследователям человек интересен как личность, носитель сознания, обладающий сложным внутренним миром [3, С. 12]. Антропоцентрическая парадигма перевела внимание лингвистов в сторону «языковой личности во всем ее многообразии: Я-физическое, Я-социальное, Я- интеллектуальное, Я-эмоциональное, Я-речемыслительное» [4, С. 7]. Г.И. Берестнев писал, что «языкознание сблизилось с теорией познания, психологией, культурологией, с одной стороны, сделав своим достоянием их категориальный аппарат и исследовательские методы, а с другой – освоив их проблематику» [5, С. 121]. Подобный подход привел к появлению целого ряда современных направлений, расширяющих границы знания о языке и его исследования, а именно: социолингвистика, этнолингвистика, психолингвистика, лингвоантропология, прагмалингвистика, дериватология, билингвология и другие. Работы ведущих ученых-лингвистов, как В.Н. Телия, В.В. Красных, Коровушкина В.П., Масловой В.А., Рябичкиной Г.В., Тер- Минасовой С.Г., Чиршевой Г.Н., также подтверждают актуальность обсуждаемых проблем. Одной из множества тем, рассматриваемых в рамках антропоцентрической парадигмы, стала тема формирования и функционирования языковых единиц с учетом всех особенностей социального плана, то есть, как добавляет Т.А. Кудинова, отражаемой в языке культуры и субкультуры [6]. Такая постановка вопроса привела к появлению лингвокультурологии, науки, изучающей взаимодействие языка и человека, языка и социальной группы, языка и общества. В.В. Воробьев предлагает рассматривать лингвокультурологию как «комплексную научную дисциплину, изучающую взаимосвязь и взаимодействие культуры и языка в его функционировании и отражающая этот процесс как целостную структуру единиц в единстве их языкового и внеязыкового (культурного) содержания с ориентацией на современные приоритеты и культурные установления» [7, С. 36-37]. В.А. Маслова в своем труде «Лингвокультурология» трактует эту современную отрасль лингвистики как гуманитарную дисциплину, изучающую воплощенную в живой национальный язык и проявляющуюся в языковых процессах материальную и духовную культуру [4, С. 30]. В.В. Красных, работая над определением понятия лингвокультурологии, говорит о ней, как о дисциплине, изучающей проявление, отражение и фиксацию культуры в языке и дискурсе, непосредственно связанной с изучением национальной картины мира, языкового сознания, особенностей ментально-лингвального комплекса [3, С. 20] Анализ предложенных дефиниций показывает некоторое разнообразие в расстановке смысловых акцентов, но более важным здесь является то, что исследователи, рассматривая язык в совокупности коммуникативных, социальных, психических, когнитивных и прагматических факторов, ориентируются, прежде всего, по мнению Телия В.Н., «на культурный фактор в языке и на языковой фактор в человеке» [Цит. по: 4, С. 8]. Понятие культуры является центральным в категориальном аппарате лингвокультурологии. В своем труде В.А. Маслова предлагает подробный анализ данного понятия, полагая его фундаментальным для социально-гуманитарного познания и рассматривая различные подходы к определению культуры. Особым свойством культуры В.А. Маслова называет ее антиномичность – способность объединять противоположности, создавая целостность восприятия, к примеру, культура собирает и сохраняет традиции, но в то же время она открыта для новшеств. Таким образом, нам предлагается следующее определение этого понятия: «Культура – это совокупность всех форм деятельности субъекта в мире, основанная на системе установок и предписаний, ценностей и норм, образцов и идеалов, это наследственная память коллектива,
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