Open Wireless Vs. Licensed Spectrum: Evidence from Market Adoption
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Book IG 1800 British Telecom Rev A.Book
Notice to Users ©2003 2Wire, Inc. All rights reserved. This manual in whole or in part, may not be reproduced, translated, or reduced to any machine-readable form without prior written approval. 2WIRE PROVIDES NO WARRANTY WITH REGARD TO THIS MANUAL, THE SOFTWARE, OR OTHER INFORMATION CONTAINED HEREIN AND HEREBY EXPRESSLY DISCLAIMS ANY IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR ANY PARTICULAR PURPOSE WITH REGARD TO THIS MANUAL, THE SOFTWARE, OR SUCH OTHER INFORMATION, IN NO EVENT SHALL 2WIRE, INC. BE LIABLE FOR ANY INCIDENTAL, CONSEQUENTIAL, OR SPECIAL DAMAGES, WHETHER BASED ON TORT, CONTRACT, OR OTHERWISE, ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THIS MANUAL, THE SOFTWARE, OR OTHER INFORMATION CONTAINED HEREIN OR THE USE THEREOF. 2Wire, Inc. reserves the right to make any modification to this manual or the information contained herein at any time without notice. The software described herein is governed by the terms of a separate user license agreement. Updates and additions to software may require an additional charge. Subscriptions to online service providers may require a fee and credit card information. Financial services may require prior arrangements with participating financial institutions. © British Telecommunications Plc 2002. BTopenworld and the BTopenworld orb are registered trademarks of British Telecommunications plc. British Telecommunications Plc registered office is at 81 Newgate Street, London EC1A 7AJ, registered in England No. 180000. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Owner’s Record The serial number is located on the bottom of your Intelligent Gateway. Record the serial number in the space provided here and refer to it when you call Customer Care. Serial Number:__________________________ Safety Information • Use of an alternative power supply may damage the Intelligent Gateway, and will invalidate the approval that accompanies the Intelligent Gateway. -
Dsti/Iccp/Tisp(2004)11/Final
Unclassified DSTI/ICCP/TISP(2004)11/FINAL Organisation de Coopération et de Développement Economiques Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development 20-Apr-2005 ___________________________________________________________________________________________ _____________ English - Or. English DIRECTORATE FOR SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY AND INDUSTRY COMMITTEE FOR INFORMATION, COMPUTER AND COMMUNICATIONS POLICY Unclassified DSTI/ICCP/TISP(2004)11/FINAL Working Party on Telecommunication and Information Services Policies SECONDARY MARKETS FOR SPECTRUM: POLICY ISSUES English - Or. English JT00182737 Document complet disponible sur OLIS dans son format d'origine Complete document available on OLIS in its original format DSTI/ICCP/TISP(2004)11/FINAL FOREWORD This report was discussed by the Working Party on Telecommunication and Information Services Policies at its meeting on 29-30 November 2004. The Working Party recommended the declassification of the report to the ICCP Committee which agreed to this at its meeting in March 2005. The paper was prepared by Professor Patrick Xavier, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, Australia. It is published under the responsibility of the Secretary-General. Copyright OECD, 2005 Applications for permission to reproduce or translate all or part of this material should be made to: Head of Publications Service, OECD, 2 rue André-Pascal, 75775 Paris Cedex 16, France 2 DSTI/ICCP/TISP(2004)11/FINAL TABLE OF CONTENTS MAINPOINTS............................................................................................................................................... -
Revisions to Microwave Spectrum Utilization Policies in the Range of 1-20 Ghz
SP 1-20 GHz January 1995 Spectrum Management Spectrum Utilization Policy Revisions to Microwave Spectrum Utilization Policies in the Range of 1-20 GHz Notice No. DGTP-002-95 Amended by: DGTP-006-99 Amendments to the Microwave Spectrum Utilization Policies in the 1-3 GHz Frequency Range (October 1999) DGTP-006-97 Proposals to Provide New Opportunities for the Use of the Radio Spectrum in the 1-20 GHz Frequency Range (August 1997) DGTP-007-97 Spectrum Policy Provisions to Permit the Use of Digital Radio Broadcasting Installations to Provide to Non-Broadcasting Services (September 1997) DGTP-004-97 Licence Exempt Personal Communications Services in the Frequency Band 1910-1930 MHz (April 1997) DGTP-005-95 / Policy and Call for Applications: Wireless Personal Communications Services in the 2 GHz Range, Implementing PCS DGRB-002-95 in Canada (June 1995) DGTP-007-00 / Policy and Licensing Procedures for the Auction of the Additional PCS Spectrum in the 2 GHz Frequency Range DGRB-005-00 (June 2000) DGTP-003-01 Revisions to the Spectrum Utilization Policy for Services in the Frequency Range 2285-2483.5 MHz (June 2001) DGRB-003-03 Policy and Licensing Procedures for the Auction of Spectrum Licences in the 2300 MHz and 3500 MHz Bands (September 2003) DGRB-006-99 Policy and Licensing Procedures - Multipoint Communications Systems in the 2500 MHz Range (June 1999) DGTP-004-04 Revisions to Allocations in the Band 2500-2690 MHz and Consultation on Spectrum Utilization (April 2004) DGTP-008-04 Revisions to Spectrum Utilization Policies in the 3-30 GHz -
Radio Spectrum a Key Resource for the Digital Single Market
Briefing March 2015 Radio spectrum A key resource for the Digital Single Market SUMMARY Radio spectrum refers to a specific range of frequencies of electromagnetic energy that is used to communicate information. Applications important for society such as radio and television broadcasting, civil aviation, satellites, defence and emergency services depend on specific allocations of radio frequency. Recently the demand for spectrum has increased dramatically, driven by growing quantities of data transmitted over the internet and rapidly increasing numbers of wireless devices, including smartphones and tablets, Wi-Fi networks and everyday objects connected to the internet. Radio spectrum is a finite natural resource that needs to be managed to realise the maximum economic and social benefits. Countries have traditionally regulated radio spectrum within their territories. However despite the increasing involvement of the European Union (EU) in radio spectrum policy over the past 10 to 15 years, many observers feel that the management of radio spectrum in the EU is fragmented in ways which makes the internal market inefficient, restrains economic development, and hinders the achievement of certain goals of the Digital Agenda for Europe. In 2013, the European Commission proposed legislation on electronic communications that among other measures, provided for greater coordination in spectrum management in the EU, but this has stalled in the face of opposition within the Council. In setting out his political priorities, Commission President Jean-Claude Juncker has indicated that ambitious telecommunication reforms, to break down national silos in the management of radio spectrum, are an important step in the creation of a Digital Single Market. The Commission plans to propose a Digital Single Market package in May 2015, which may again address this issue. -
PSAD-79-48A an Unclassified Version of a Classified Report
STUDYBY THE STAFFOF THE‘U.S. General Accounting Office An Unclassified Version Of A Classified Report Entitled “The Navy’s Strategic Communications Systems--Need For Management Attention And Decisionmaking” Peacetime communications systems provide reliable day-to-day communications to the strategic submarine force. However, the Navy’s most survivable wartime communica- tions link to nuclear-powered strategic submarines--the TACAMO aircraft--has cer- tain problems which need attention. Also, the Navy should reconsider whether another peacetime communications system--the extremely low frequency system--is needed. COMPTROLLER GENERAL OF THE UNITED STATES WASHINGTON. O.C. 20548 B-168707 To the President of the Senate and the Speaker of the House of Representatives This report is an unclassified version of a SECRET report (PSAD-79-48, March 19, 1979) to the Congress that describes the various communications systems used by our strategic submarine force and questions the need for the extremely low frequency system. Also, the report addresses the need for support of the TACAMO comnunications system. We made this study because of widespread congressional interest in strategic communications systems, especially the TACAMO and proposed extremely low frequency systems. These issues are receiving increased recognition, and the Navy plans to spend millions of dollars to improve the TACAMO system and conduct research and development on the extremely low frequency system. Copies of this report are being sent to the Secretary of Defense and the Secretary of the Navy. Comptroller General of the United States COMPTROLLER GENERAL'S THE NAVY'S STRATEGIC REPORT TO THE CONGRESS COMMUNICATIONS SYSTEMS--NEED FOR MANAGEMENT ATTENTION AND DECISIONMAKING ------DIGEST Peacetime communications systems provide reliable day-to-day communications to the strategic submarine force. -
Chapter 4, Current Status, Knowledge Gaps, and Research Needs Pertaining to Firefighter Radio Communication Systems
NIOSH Firefighter Radio Communications CHAPTER IV: STRUCTURE COMMUNICATIONS ISSUES Buildings and other structures pose difficult problems for wireless (radio) communications. Whether communication is via hand-held radio or personal cellular phone, communications to, from, and within structures can degrade depending on a variety of factors. These factors include multipath effects, reflection from coated exterior glass, non-line-of-sight path loss, and signal absorption in the building construction materials, among others. The communications problems may be compounded by lack of a repeater to amplify and retransmit the signal or by poor placement of the repeater. RF propagation in structures can be so poor that there may be areas where the signal is virtually nonexistent, rendering radio communication impossible. Those who design and select firefighter communications systems cannot dictate what building materials or methods are used in structures, but they can conduct research and select the radio system designs and deployments that provide significantly improved radio communications in this extremely difficult environment.4 Communication Problems Inherent in Structures MULTIPATH Multipath fading and noise is a major cause of poor radio performance. Multipath is a phenomenon that results from the fact that a transmitted signal does not arrive at the receiver solely from a single straight line-of-sight path. Because there are obstacles in the path of a transmitted radio signal, the signal may be reflected multiple times and in multiple paths, and arrive at the receiver from various directions along various paths, with various signal strengths per path. In fact, a radio signal received by a firefighter within a building is rarely a signal that traveled directly by line of sight from the transmitter. -
Mobile Devices 1 Development of Mobile Devices Berker Sönmez
Mobile Devices 1 Development of Mobile Devices Berker Sönmez Faculty of Computer and Informatics 040100101 Oğuz Onur Kul Faculty of Computer and Informatics 040100105 Erdem Emekligil Faculty of Computer and Informatics 150110702 English 201 Sueda Albayrak December 22, 2011 Mobile Devices 2 Thesis: The hardware, software and connection technologies of mobile devices have developed greatly in the recent years. I. Hardware A. Inside Components 1. Chips 2. Batteries B. Outside Components 1. Cameras 2. Touch sense technologies II. Software A. New operating systems 1. iOS 2. Android B. Functional applications 1. Medical applications 2. Game applications III. Connection technologies A. New generation wireless technologies 1. 802.11(Wifi) and 802.16(WiMax) 2. Bluetooth, IrDA and HomeRF B. Advanced communication protocols 1. 3G technology 2. 4G (LTE) technology Mobile Devices 3 Technology is one of the fastest growing entities in science. Day after day, many improvements are being made, many ideas and inventions are being added to this entity. In the recent years, mobile technology gained importance since people have started living in different places and it is important to provide communication among them. Mobile devices are small, portable equipments that are used to carry out various tasks without being obliged to stay in a certain place. In the recent years, the most popular mobile devices have been mobile phones since they have become everyday objects which people carry in their pockets to wherever they travel. Using mobile devices, it is possible to view e-mails, play games, read books and complete many other tasks on the go. Therefore, the importance of mobile phones can not be overlooked. -
Generating Signals for Wireless Lans, Part I: IEEE 802.11B
Products: SMIQ, AMIQ, WinIQSIM™, SMIQK16, AMIQK16 Generating Signals for Wireless LANs, Part I: IEEE 802.11b With Wireless Local Area Networks (WLAN) already entering the mass markets, generating signals to WLAN standards will become increasingly important. Signal sources are needed in R&D (or production) to test RF modules, to evaluate basic receiver functionality or when new designs are being evolved. This Application Note focuses on the most commonly used standard IEEE 802.11b. Topics covered include technical aspects of the physical layers as well as details on configuring available signal sources. Subject to change – Gernot Bauer 8/2002 – 1GP49_1E Generating Signals for WLANs, Part I: 802.11b Contents 1 Introduction to Wireless LAN Systems......................................................................................3 2 The IEEE 802.11 and 11b Standards ..........................................................................................5 2.1 The 802.11 and 11b PHY ....................................................................................................6 2.1.1 Defined Transmission Methods.................................................................................6 2.1.1.1 Low Rate Modulation with Barker Spreading................................................7 2.1.1.2 High Rate CCK Modulation...........................................................................8 2.1.1.3 High Rate PBCC Modulation ........................................................................9 2.1.2 The PLCP..................................................................................................................9 -
Spectrum and the Technological Transformation of the Satellite Industry Prepared by Strand Consulting on Behalf of the Satellite Industry Association1
Spectrum & the Technological Transformation of the Satellite Industry Spectrum and the Technological Transformation of the Satellite Industry Prepared by Strand Consulting on behalf of the Satellite Industry Association1 1 AT&T, a member of SIA, does not necessarily endorse all conclusions of this study. Page 1 of 75 Spectrum & the Technological Transformation of the Satellite Industry 1. Table of Contents 1. Table of Contents ................................................................................................ 1 2. Executive Summary ............................................................................................. 4 2.1. What the satellite industry does for the U.S. today ............................................... 4 2.2. What the satellite industry offers going forward ................................................... 4 2.3. Innovation in the satellite industry ........................................................................ 5 3. Introduction ......................................................................................................... 7 3.1. Overview .................................................................................................................. 7 3.2. Spectrum Basics ...................................................................................................... 8 3.3. Satellite Industry Segments .................................................................................... 9 3.3.1. Satellite Communications .............................................................................. -
Spectrum for the Next Generation of Wireless 11-012 Publications Office P.O
Communications and Society Program MacCarthy Spectrum for the Spectrum for the Next Generation of Wireless Next Generation of Wireless By Mark MacCarthy Publications Office P.O. Box 222 109 Houghton Lab Lane Queenstown, MD 21658 11-012 Spectrum for the Next Generation of Wireless Mark MacCarthy Rapporteur Communications and Society Program Charles M. Firestone Executive Director Washington, D.C. 2011 To purchase additional copies of this report, please contact: The Aspen Institute Publications Office P.O. Box 222 109 Houghton Lab Lane Queenstown, Maryland 21658 Phone: (410) 820-5326 Fax: (410) 827-9174 E-mail: [email protected] For all other inquiries, please contact: The Aspen Institute Communications and Society Program One Dupont Circle, NW Suite 700 Washington, DC 20036 Phone: (202) 736-5818 Fax: (202) 467-0790 Charles M. Firestone Patricia K. Kelly Executive Director Assistant Director Copyright © 2011 by The Aspen Institute This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution- Noncommercial 3.0 United States License. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/us/ or send a letter to Creative Commons, 171 Second Street, Suite 300, San Francisco, California, 94105, USA. The Aspen Institute One Dupont Circle, NW Suite 700 Washington, DC 20036 Published in the United States of America in 2011 by The Aspen Institute All rights reserved Printed in the United States of America ISBN: 0-89843-551-X 11-012 1826CSP/11-BK Contents FOREWORD, Charles M. Firestone ...............................................................v SPECTRUM FOR THE NEXT GENERATION OF WIRELESS, Mark MacCarthy Introduction .................................................................................................... 1 Context for Evaluating and Allocating Spectrum ........................................ -
WIRELESS FIDELITY (Wi-Fi) BROADBAND NETWORK TECHNOLOGY: an OVERVIEW with OTHER BROADBAND WIRELESS NETWORKS
WIRELESS FIDELITY (Wi-Fi) BROADBAND NETWORK TECHNOLOGY: AN OVERVIEW WITH OTHER BROADBAND WIRELESS NETWORKS by Chris A. Nwabueze, M. Eng., MNSE, MNIEEE, MIEE. Silas A. Akaneme, M. Eng., MNSE, MNIEEE, MIEEE Dept. of Electrical/Electronic Engineering, Anambra State University, Uli. E-mail: [email protected]. ABSTRACT Wireless Fidelity (Wi-Fi) broadband network technology has made tremendous impact in the growth of broadband wireless networks. There exists today several Wi-Fi access points that allow employees, partners and customers to access corporate data from almost anywhere and anytime. Wireless broadband networks are expected to grow in terms of broadband speed and coverage, while Wi-Fi can be integrated with WiMAX networks to provide Internet connectivity to mobile Wi-Fi users. This paper explores the Wi-Fi broadband wireless network technology, its uses, advantages and disadvantages, comparison with other broadband wireless networks and integration with WiMAX network. Key Words: Broadband, Wireless Fidelity (Wi-Fi), World Wide Interoperability for Microwave Access (WiMAX), IEEE 802.11 standards. 1.0 INTRODUCTION 802.11a [12]. Wi-Fi is owned by the Wi-Fi Wi-Fi stands for “Wireless Fidelity” and Alliance which is a consortium of separate was used to describe Wireless LAN and independent companies agreeing to a (WLAN) products that are based on the set common interoperable products based IEEE 802.11 standards. Wi-Fi uses both on the family of IEEE 802.11 standards single carrier direct-sequence spread [11]. spectrum radio technology and multi-carrier Wi-Fi certifies products via a set of OFDM (Orthogonal Frequency Division established test procedures to establish Multiplexing) radio technology. -
Wireless Networks Book
Wireless Networks Local and Ad Hoc Networks Ivan Marsic Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering and the CAIP Center Rutgers University Contents CHAPTER 1................................................................................................... INTRODUCTION ..............................................................................................................................1 1.1 Summary and Bibliographical Notes................................................................................................... 6 CHAPTER 2 THE RADIO CHANNEL.......................................................................1 2.1 Introduction........................................................................................................................................ 1 2.1.1 Decibels and Signal Strength ............................................................................................................ 4 2.2 Channel Implementation..................................................................................................................... 5 2.2.1 Transmission Rate ........................................................................................................................... 5 2.2.2 Symbols To Signals.......................................................................................................................... 6 2.2.3 Modulation ...................................................................................................................................... 6 2.2.4 Noise and Error