Melanogaster minysporus sp. nov., a new sequestrate member of the from Mexico

Efrén Cázares1, Gonzalo Guevara 2, Jesús García2 , James M. Trappe 1

1 Oregon State University, Department of Forest Ecosystem and Society, Corvallis, Oregon 97331-5752, USA. 2 Instituto Tecnológico de Cd. Victoria, Av. Portes Gil 1301 Pte. C.P. 87010, A.P. 175 Cd. Victoria, Tam., México 8 0 0 2

Melanogaster minysporus sp. nov. un nuevo miembro secuestrado de los ,

Boletales de México 9 6 - 7 6

Resumen. Se describe una nueva especie Melanogaster minysporus recolectada en el norte : 8 2

de México, en el estado de Nuevo León. La especie se distingue por presentar un peridio A Í

amarillo brillante que se mancha de rojizo cuando se maltrata y por las esporas pequeñas. G O

Palabras clave: , hipogeos, Quercus. L O C I M

Abstract. Melanogaster minysporus is described as a new species from northern Mexico E D

(Nuevo Leon). It is distinctive in the genus in having a bright yellow peridium that stains A

reddish where bruised in fresh and small spores. N A

Key words. Paxillaceae, hypogeous, Quercus. C I X E M

Recibido 10 de octubre 2008; aceptado 5 de diciembre 2008. A T

Received 10 October 2008; accepted 5 December 2008. S I V E R

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o c Introduction Materials and methods i x é M

n e

a s

Carl Lumholtz, a Norwegian explorer, collected The methods of Castellano et al. (1989) were used for the e r p m

Melanogaster variegatus var. mexicanus Farlow nom. nud. (= morphological description. Hand-cut sections were mounted I

. a í

M. umbrinigleba Trappe & Guzmán) while exploring the in 5% KOH and Melzer's reagent for examination by g o l o c Chihuahuan mountains in northern Mexico (Lumholtz, compound- and stereomicroscopy. i M

e d 1902). This was the first record of a sequestrate from a n a c

Mexico. Cázares et al. 1992 described Melanogaster i x e M variegatus found in oak forests in northern Mexico. Here we a t s i

Results v describe another new Melanogaster species from northern e R

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Mexico. It is notable for its bright yellow peridium and small 0 0 2 spores. Melanogaster minysporus Cázares, Guevara, García & © Trappe, sp. nov. Figures 1-3 Basidiomata 13-35 x 10-27 mm, globosa vel subglobosa- lobata. Peridium flavissimum, ubi contusum rubescens, 160- 240 µm crassum, hyphis intertextis. Gleba solida, gelatinosa-

Autor para correspondencia: Efrén Cázares L

[email protected] catilaginea, maturitate brunneola vel brunnea venis albis vel A N I G I R O August, 2007, Guevara 907 (ITCV, isotype OSC). stains red when exposed; this species was described from L A N I

PARATYPES (all ITVC): Nuevo Leon, Sierra Madre central Europe (Trappe, 1975). G I R

Oriental, Mpio. Santiago, Cañon de Puerto Genovevo, 11 O September 1983, García 3802; 7 September 1983, García 3803; 7 August 1983, García 3804; 7 August 1983, García Acknowledgments 3805; 29 September 1983, García 3814; Mpio. Guadalupe, La Pastora, 20 June 1984, G. Valencia s.n. We thank the Dirección General de Educación Superior Discussion. This species is distinguished by its Tecnológica for financial support. o

bright yellow peridium that stains reddish where bruised c i x e when fresh, KOH and FeSO4 black on dried peridium, and M

f o small spores. Melanogaster ovoidisporus Y. Wang, described s e l

from China (Wang et al., 1995) is a similar species with small References a t e l

spores (5-) 5.5-6.5 (-7) x (3.5-) 4-5 (-5.8) µm, but its peridium o B

Castellano, M.A., J.M. Trappe, Z. Maser, C. Maser, 1989. Key to spores of the e h

is brown. They also described M. ovoidisporus var. genera of hypogeous fungi of north temperate forests with special t

reference to animal mycophagy. Mad River Press, Eureka, f o

angustatosporus K. Tao, Chang & Liu with narrower spores California. r e

Cázares, E., J. García, J. Castillo, J. M. Trappe, 1992. Hypogeous fungi from b

5.5-6.5 (-7) x 3-4 µm. northern Mexico. Mycologia 84: 341-359. m

Lumholtz, C. 1902. Unknown Mexico. Vol 1. Charles Scribner's Sons, New e m

Alpova microspora (Velen.) Trappe, has a yellow York. e

Trappe, J. M. 1975. A revision of the genus Alpova with notes on Rhizopogon t a

peridium and a rubbery-gelatinous gleba, but its spores are and the . Nova Hedwigia Beiheft 51: 279-310. r t

Wang, Y., Chang, M., Tao, K., Liu, B. 1995. New species and new varieties of s e

fusiform to oblong, (4-) 4.5-6 (-7) x 2-3 (-4) µm and its gleba the genus Melanogaster from Ching. Journal of Shanxi University u q

(Nat. Sci. Ed.) 18: 449-453. e s

w

Figures 1-3. Melanogaster minysporus. 1: Basidiomata (bar = 1 cm), 2: Basidiomata in cross section (bar = 1 cm), 3: e n Basidiospores (bar = 10 ìm). a

, . v o n

8

flavis marmorata. Sporae subfusiformes vel obovoideae, (5-) yellow-brown in KOH and Melzer's reagent. Subcutis of . p 0 s

0

5.5-6.5 x (3-) 4-5 µm, laeves, avellaneae vel brunnea. interwoven hyphae, thin- to thick walled, hyphae hyaline in s 2 u

r , o 8

Holotypus hic designatus: Mexico, Nuevo Leon, KOH and yellowish in Melzer's reagent. Spores (5-) 5.5-6.5 x p 2 s

i n A i Í Santiago, El Barro, Guevara 907, ITCV. (3-) 4-5 µm, subfusoid to obovate, smooth, thick-walled, up to G m

O r L Basidiomata hypogeous, 13-35 x 10-27 mm, 1 µm thick, the sterigmal attachment distinct, in KOH and e t O s C a I

globose to subglobose-lobed, depressed at the base, the Melzer's reagent yellow brown to brown singly, dark brown to g M o

n E a

surface smooth to finely fibrillose, bright yellow, staining black in mass. l D

e A M

N reddish where bruised when fresh. Gleba solid, gelatinous- Etymology: Greek, miny- (small) and spora . l A a C

I rubbery, pale brown in youth, at maturity dark brown with (spores). t X e

E . E M

white to yellow, sterile veins. KOH reddish brown on fresh Habitat and season: Hypogeous to subhypogeous,

, s A T e r S peridium and black on dried specimens. FeS04 black on dried single to gregarious, in mixed Pinus-Quercus forests, under I a z V á E

R specimens. Quercus canbyi and Q. rhyzophylla. August through C Peridium 160-240 µm thick. Epicutis of appressed, September. hyaline, thick-walled up to 1 µm thick, interwoven hyphae Collections examined: HOLOTYPE: Mexico, upto 4 µm in diam with clamp connections, orange-brown to Nuevo Leon, Santiago, El Barro, camino al paraje del oso, 6 9 8 6 6