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WHAT THE F IS A FEMINIST HOUSING PLAN? ABOUT CHPC TABLE OF Citizens Housing & Planning Council (CHPC) is a non- profit research and education organization focused on housing policy and planning in New York City. Since our CONTENTS founding in 1937, CHPC’s mission has been to develop and advance practical public policies to support the housing stock of the city by better understanding New Citizens Housing & Planning Council ........................... 5 York’s most pressing housing and neighborhood needs. Acknowledgements ............................................................6 For more than 80 years, CHPC’s research and education CHPC Board Of Directors .................................................8 work has helped shape public policy to improve the A New Lens for NYC’s Housing Plan ........................... 10 city’s housing stock and quality of life in New York City’s neighborhoods. A team of expert research staff is led Feminist Policies & Why We Need Them ................. 16 by a diverse board of practitioners in the fields of urban A Brief Feminist History of planning, architecture, zoning and land use law, housing Public Policy in the U.S. .................................................26 finance and development, and community development. What the F is a Feminist Housing Plan? .................. 54 Our work brings clarity to New York City’s housing 1. NYCHA is a Feminist Issue ..................................................57 issues by presenting research in relatable and engaging 2. HOMELESSNESS is a Feminist Issue ............................... 62 ways. Our agenda is practical and always begins with 3. AGING is a Feminist Issue................................................... 73 questions, not answers. It is the data, our analysis, and its relevance to the real world that drive our conclusions. 4. AFFORDABILITY is a Feminist Issue ............................... 78 CITIZENS 5. HOUSING DESIGN is a Feminist Issue ............................ 87 6. Economic Inequality & the FEMALE WORKFORCE ...98 6. Design & Develop a More FEMINIST CITY ................... 108 HOUSING & Feminist Housing Plan Summary .............................. 124 Citations ............................................................................. 126 PLANNING COUNCIL 4 Citizens Housing & Planning Council What the F is a Feminist Housing Plan 5 ACKNOWLEDGE MENTS WHAT THE F IS A THANK YOU TO OUR FUNDERS FEMINIST HOUSING PLAN? Research & Writing by Sheena Kang Edited by Jessica Katz CITIZENS HOUSING & PLANNING COUNCIL STAFF Jessica Katz, Executive Director Sarah Watson, Deputy Director Sheena Kang, Senior Policy Analyst Katherine Leitch, Senior Policy Analyst THANK YOU TO OUR PARTNERS Madelaine Britt, Policy Analyst CHPC is grateful for the expertise shared by the Danny Cabrera, Policy Analyst participants in What the F is a Feminist Housing Plan: Michael Oyelola, Policy Analyst Vivienne Davis, Administrative Associate Heather Beck, formerly CHPC Collective for Community, Culture and Environment Catherine D’ Ignazio, MIT Data + Feminism Lab REPORT DESIGN Leslie Kern, Mount Alison University Kathryn Dreier, Studio MESH Dolores Hayden, Yale University Jay Pitter, University of Toronto Anna Puigjaner, MAIO Christine C. Quinn, WIN Alyson Silkowski, Office of the NYC Comptroller 6 Citizens Housing & Planning Council What the F is a Feminist Housing Plan 7 OFFICERS BOARD MEMBERS Sally Gilliland James Riso Chairman: Richard Roberts Sandra Acosta Elliott Glass Matthew Rooney President: Mark Ginsberg Hercules Argyriou Alexander Gorlin Joseph B. Rose VP: Samantha Magistro Richard Barth Rick Gropper Robert Rosenberg Treasurer: Matt Petrula Simon Bacchus Amie Gross Carol Rosenthal Secretary: Lisa Blecker Stuart Beckerman David Gross David Rowe Carmi Bee Timothy Henkel Matthew Schatz EXECUTIVE Alan Bell Larry Hirschfield David Schwartz COMMITTEE Robert Berne Kevin Hoffman Avery Seavey Robert Ezrapour Anthony Borelli William Hubbard Paul Selver Alexander Garvin Thomas Campbell Karim Hutson Ethel Sheffer Kirk Goodrich Rafael Cestero Marcie Kesner Abby Jo Sigal Aileen Gribbin Emily Chen Carol Lamberg Jane Silverman Mark Levine Andrew Cohen Deborah Clark Lamm Mark Strauss Joseph Lynch Lorraine Collins Phil Lavoie Robin Thomson Marvin Markus James Davidson Robert Lehrman David Walsh Richard Singer Beatriz De la Torre Nick Lettire Adam Weinstein William Stein Linh Do Jeffrey Levine Valerie White Martin Dunn Jeremy Levkoff Alan Wiener Douglas Durst Richard Lobel Mark Willis Neil Falcone Michael Lohr Emily Youssouf Erica Forman Kenneth Lowenstein Howard Zipser Paul Freitag John McCarthy Danny Fuchs Ron Moelis EMERITI Deborah Gans Niall Murray Frances Magee Richard Gerwitz Perry Notias Peter Salins CHPC Jim Gillespie Anthony Richardson BOARD OF DIRECTORS 8 Citizens Housing & Planning Council What the F is a Feminist Housing Plan 9 A NEW LENS et housing policy can have a far greater reach Ybeyond developing a certain number of affordable FOR NYC’S housing units. Housing policy is about social justice, health, economic development, financial opportunity, HOUSING PLAN stability and mobility, neighborhood revitalization, and many other key aspects of social, economic, and urban policy. An exclusive preoccupation with counting the New York has an number of affordable housing units can make us lose extraordinary housing sight of the core values underpinning our policies, making it difficult to articulate to communities why the production goal, unparalleled government is building housing in their neighborhoods. among U.S. cities. Working Advocates and low-income communities find themselves asking: What is the purpose of this plan? Who is in partnership with the benefiting and how? housing industry, the City When unit-counting is first and foremost, resource has committed to creating allocation and policy priorities are shaped to meet a quantitative goal, rather than to align policy with our and preserving 300,000 values as a city and meet the greatest community affordable apartments needs. Despite the dire conditions of New York City’s public housing stock, NYCHA residents have largely by 2026. New York has been excluded from recent housing plans due to become a highly efficient the “unit-counting” lens. Although basement apartment conversions are currently an inefficient and costly way to factory for generating create new units, streamlining a pathway to conversions affordable housing, with would advance financial stability for low-income homeowners and expand affordable housing options each successive housing plan for underserved renters. promising an ever-increasing New York City’s current housing plan both benefits number of units. and suffers from its preoccupation with counting units. Unit-counting is an effective metric for driving the 10 Citizens Housing & Planning Council What the F is a Feminist Housing Plan 11 gears of government towards a single, clear, quantifiable CHPC’s A New Lens for NYC’s Housing Plan report goal, but loses the broader purpose of housing policy. series aims to demonstrate how New York City’s next The range of voices involved in crafting the housing housing plan could leverage the power of housing policy plan has been restricted, and its limited focus has led to to advance a wide range of public policy goals, with growing frustration and sentiment among communities each publication adopting a different “new lens.” First, that their needs are not being met. data and analysis are used to articulate the needs that housing policy through the new lens could serve and the problems that it could help us solve, establishing clearly The next housing plan provides an defined policy goals. The reports then lay out strategies opportunity for communities and and objectives for policy reform to advance those goals, illuminating what a housing plan through each new lens policymakers to widen the discussion, could look like. articulate new metrics, and develop CHPC hopes that by demonstrating the process of a shared vision of housing policy identifying needs, establishing goals, and developing strategies to advance them, the New Lens report series for New York City. will help catalyze discussion around how the next housing plan could help us develop and advance a A New Lens for NYC’s Housing Plan is an initiative shared vision for the future. by Citizens Housing and Planning Council (CHPC) to explore this opportunity. CHPC is leading a strategic visioning process to reframe New York City’s next housing plan to look beyond a unit goal. Through research, interviews with housing policymakers and practitioners, stakeholder convenings, public events, and publications, CHPC is bringing new voices into the discussion around New York City’s housing policy and building excitement around new lenses that housing policy could use. CHPC’s multi-pronged engagement series will equip the next generation of policymakers in New York City with a menu of new ideas, approaches, policies, and metrics to build from. 12 Citizens Housing & Planning Council What the F is a Feminist Housing Plan 13 A New Lens for NYC’s Housing Plan A FEMINIST RX FOR HOUSING: HOUSING HOUSING PLAN LGBTQ+ A GREEN HOUSING HOUSING IS PLAN FOR FOR A CITY OF HOUSING HOUSING PLAN HEALTHCARE RACIAL EQUITY IMMIGRANTS POLICY PLAN Housing policy Our health and Though the legacy The next NYC’s housing A NYC housing is rarely discussed our housing of discriminatory housing plan policies must plan defined by a as a way to are connected, housing policies could advance support the bold commitment